Sow feed additive, application thereof and feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and discloses a sow feed additive which is composed of plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins in a mass ratio of (12-15): (4-9): (5-8). The plant powder is selected from at least one of towel gourd powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder; the amino acid chelate is selected from at least one of zinc lysine, selenium methionine and ferric glycine; the vitamin is selected from at least one of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E. Through the design, the content of milk fat and milk protein in colostrum of sows is further increased, and in addition, the invention further discloses application of the sow feed additive and a sow feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of animal husbandry technology, and in particular to a sow feed additive and its use and feed. Background Art

[0002] Since the survival of piglets depends on the colostrum secreted by sows, the amount of colostrum secreted by sows and the quality of milk are key factors related to the growth of piglets in the entire pig farm. In high-yield Danish sows, which have a live piglet number equal to or even more than the number of sow nipples, the amount of colostrum secreted by sows is not enough to meet the needs of all piglets in the litter, resulting in high competitiveness among piglets, increased piglet mortality, and slow weight gain. In actual production in my country, due to the limitation of breeding scale, Danish sows of high yield in small and medium-sized pig farms can only be fed the same feed as American sows, resulting in Danish sows having difficulty in taking in sufficient and appropriate nutrition. Therefore, it is very important to increase the amount of colostrum in Danish sows, improve the immune protection of piglets, and reduce the mortality of newborn piglets, especially in the current environment where the pig farming industry is required to reduce the use of antibiotics. In addition, because "low pollution" and "quality and safety of livestock and poultry products" are the two major principles that must be followed in current animal husbandry, the development of additives that take into account both increasing the amount of colostrum in Danish sows and environmental protection can bring great benefits to production.

[0003] Colostrum is a mammary gland secretion within 24 hours after delivery. It is rich in proteins, immunoglobulins, some trace minerals, vitamins, hormones and growth factors. The initiation of lactation in mammals is divided into two stages. The first stage is the secretory differentiation stage, which occurs in the late pregnancy. At this time, the mammary epithelial cells differentiate into milk cells. The milk cells have the ability to synthesize unique milk components, such as lactose and casein. However, the secretion of these components is limited. The second stage is the secretory activation stage, which occurs after delivery. The structural characteristic of the pig's udder is that there is no milk pool. After delivery, the piglet uses the nose to arch the nipple nerve stimulation to produce oxytocin to discharge milk. It is characterized by the secretion of a large amount of milk, accompanied by significant changes in the concentration of many milk components. The colostrum production process includes the synthesis of milk-specific components and the transfer of immunoglobulin G to milk secretions. Therefore, it occurs after the start of the differentiation period and stops before the secretory activation period. The reason why colostrum is particularly important to piglets is that piglets do not have any antibodies in their bodies when they are born, and colostrum is rich in antibodies (immunoglobulins). Sucking colostrum is essential for piglets to defend against infection. At birth, piglets leave the warm uterus (about 38.5℃) and enter the delivery room, where the temperature is usually only 20℃ to 24℃, and the temperature of the insulation area of ​​the delivery bed is only about 30℃. Newborn piglets soon suffer from the cold and enter a state of negative energy balance. In addition to relying on colostrum to obtain maternal antibodies to fight against the invasion of bacteria and viruses, newborn piglets also provide heat and energy. The colostrum intake of piglets is positively correlated with weaning weight and survival rate. Studies have shown that the pre-weaning mortality rate of piglets with a colostrum intake of less than 200g is 43.4%, while the pre-weaning mortality rate of piglets with a high colostrum intake is only 7.1%. Therefore, the survival rate of piglets 2 days after delivery depends largely on whether they obtain timely and sufficient colostrum to obtain immunity.

[0004] Chinese patent application 201310145904.9 discloses a feed additive for increasing the immunoglobulin content in sow colostrum, the weight percentage of which is as follows: calcium chloride 16.7%-32.3%, ammonium chloride 3.3%-17.7%, citric acid 16.7%-33.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.7%-2%, Ligustrum lucidum polysaccharide 0.1%-0.3%, saccharin sodium 0.3%-0.7%, rice husk powder 1.0%-2.0% and zeolite powder 11.7%-61.2%. This additive can increase the immunoglobulin content in the serum of sows in the late pregnancy and the immunoglobulin content in colostrum after delivery, thereby improving the immunity of piglets during lactation and weaning, and reducing piglet diarrhea;

[0005] This program increases the immunoglobulin content in sow colostrum by combining a variety of inorganic salts, plant powders and polysaccharides, but the program does not test the milk fat content in the colostrum.

[0006] Chinese patent application 201710867720.1 discloses a dairy cow feed. The dairy cow feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn flour, 10-25 parts of sweet potato residue, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 4-10 parts of peanut oil, 5-15 parts of fish meal, 2-9 parts of amino acids, 5-10 parts of loofah, 1-6 parts of almonds, 4-9 parts of red dates, 3-10 parts of tangerine peel, 9-15 parts of carrots, 5-11 parts of Salix psammophila, 1-5 parts of yeast and 1-5 parts of salt;

[0007] The program uses sweet potato residue, loofah, amino acids, peanut oil and other substances. However, the actual effect of the feed provided by the program is to reduce production costs, provide balanced nutrition and easy absorption, and increase the growth rate and development of dairy cows. However, the program does not test the nutrient content in the milk of dairy cows after milk production.

[0008] The problem to be solved by the present application is: how to provide a feed additive to increase the content of milk fat and milk protein in the emulsion of sow colostrum. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a feed additive, which further enhances the ability of the feed additive to increase the milk fat content and milk protein content of breast milk colostrum through the combination of plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present application discloses a sow feed additive, which is composed of plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins, and the mass ratio of plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins is 12-15:4-9:5-8;

[0011] The plant powder is selected from at least one of loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder;

[0012] The amino acid chelate is selected from at least one of zinc lysine, selenium methionine, and iron glycine;

[0013] The vitamin is selected from at least one of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E.

[0014] Luffa powder can promote the secretion of milk by mammary gland cells, improve the appetite of sows and increase feed intake.

[0015] Sweet potato flour is mainly composed of starch, cellulose, protein, vitamins and minerals, which can improve appetite and immunity;

[0016] Peanut powder is rich in amino acids and proteins, which can promote milk secretion and improve milk quality;

[0017] Lysine zinc complex can effectively improve the reproductive performance and immunity of sows, thereby improving the limb health of sows;

[0018] Methionine selenium can improve the utilization rate of selenium in animals and enhance the immunity of animals;

[0019] Glycine iron complex can not only supplement the body's glycine, but also meet the iron needs of pregnant sows, thereby improving the production performance of sows;

[0020] VA, VD3, and VE can maintain ovarian function, promote fetal development, and play an important role in sow reproduction;

[0021] Preferably, the plant powder is a mixture of loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder, and the mass ratio of the loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder is 0.5-0.8:0.6-1:0.6-1.

[0022] Preferably, the amino acid chelate is a mixture of zinc lysine, selenium methionine and iron glycine, and the mass ratio of zinc lysine, selenium methionine and iron glycine is 1-1.5:0.6-1:0.2-0.6.

[0023] Preferably, the vitamins are a mixture of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E, and the mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E is 0.8-1.2:0.2-0.5:0.2-0.5.

[0024] In addition, the present application also discloses the use of the sow feed additive as described above to prepare sow feed.

[0025] In addition, the present application also discloses the use of the sow feed additive as described above for increasing the content of milk fat and milk protein in sow milk.

[0026] In addition, the present application also discloses a sow feed containing 1-4 wt % of the sow feed additive mentioned above.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0028] The loofah powder in the feed additive of the present application can promote the secretion of milk by mammary gland cells, promote the appetite of sows and increase the feed intake; sweet potato powder is mainly composed of starch, cellulose, protein, vitamins and minerals, etc., which can improve appetite and immunity; peanut powder is rich in amino acids and proteins, which can promote milk secretion and improve milk quality; lysine zinc can effectively improve the reproductive performance and immunity of sows, thereby improving the limb health of sows; methionine selenium can improve the utilization rate of selenium by the animal body and improve the immunity of the animal body; glycine iron can both supplement the body's glycine and supplement the iron needs of pregnant sows, thereby improving the production performance of sows; VA, VD3, and VE can maintain ovarian function, promote fetal development, and play an important role in sow reproduction. The present application further increases the content of milk fat and milk protein in sow colostrum through the combination of the above-mentioned at least one plant powder, at least one amino acid chelate and at least one vitamin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the examples of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0030] Before presenting the examples, the following necessary descriptions are first given on the raw materials and their sources involved in each example:

[0031] Zinc lysine: Guangzhou Huayu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0032] Methionine selenium: Guangdong Mingtong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0033] Iron glycine: Wuhan Jucan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0034] Vitamin A: Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd., effective substance content 99%;

[0035] Vitamin D3: Hangzhou Weibolai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., effective substance content 99%;

[0036] Vitamin E: Kangdis Chemical (Hubei) Co., Ltd., active substance content 99%.

[0037] Preparation method of plant powder:

[0038] The purchased loofah and / or peanuts and / or sweet potatoes are dried, then crushed and passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant powder.

[0039] Preparation method of sow feed additive:

[0040] The plant powder, amino acid complex and vitamins are mixed in proportion to obtain the sow feed additive.

[0041] The specific addition amounts of the plant powder, amino acid complex and vitamins in the feed additives are described in detail in the respective embodiments.

[0042] Examples 1-5

[0043] A sow feed additive, the formula of which is shown in Table 1 (it should be noted that the addition amount of each raw material in Table 1 is expressed in parts by mass):

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046] Example 6

[0047] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that sweet potato flour of the same mass is used to replace the loofah flour.

[0048] Example 7

[0049] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that peanut powder of the same mass is used to replace the loofah powder.

[0050] Example 8

[0051] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that a mixture of the same mass of peanut powder, sweet potato powder and loofah powder is used to replace the loofah powder, and the mass ratio of the loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder is 0.6:0.8:0.8.

[0052] Example 9

[0053] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the same mass of methionine selenium is used to replace lysine zinc.

[0054] Example 10

[0055] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the same mass of glycine iron is used to replace lysine zinc.

[0056] Embodiment 11

[0057] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that a mixture of the same mass of glycine iron, methionine selenium and lysine zinc is used to replace lysine zinc, and the mass ratio of glycine iron, methionine selenium and lysine zinc is 1.2:0.8:0.4.

[0058] Example 12

[0059] Basically the same as Example 1, except that the same mass of vitamin D3 is used to replace vitamin A.

[0060] Example 13

[0061] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that vitamin A is replaced with vitamin E of the same mass.

[0062] Embodiment 14

[0063] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that a mixture of vitamin D3, vitamin E, and vitamin A of the same mass is used to replace vitamin A, and the mass ratio of vitamin D3, vitamin E, and vitamin A is 1:0.3:0.3.

[0064] Embodiment 15

[0065] The method is substantially the same as Example 14, except that a mixture of peanut powder, sweet potato powder and loofah powder of the same mass is used to replace the loofah powder, and the mass ratio of the loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder is 0.6:0.8:0.8;

[0066] The zinc lysine was replaced by a mixture of the same mass of iron glycinate, selenium methionine and zinc lysine, and the mass ratio of iron glycinate, selenium methionine and zinc lysine was 1.2:0.8:0.4.

[0067] Comparative Examples 1-3

[0068] A feed additive, the formula of which is shown in Table 2 (it should be noted that the addition amount of each raw material in Table 3 is expressed in parts by mass):

[0069] Table 2

[0070]

[0071] Comparative Examples 4-10

[0072] A feed additive, the formula of which is shown in Table 3 (it should be noted that the addition amount of each raw material in Table 3 is expressed in parts by mass):

[0073] Table 3

[0074]

[0075] The first zinc lysine substitute is a mixture of lysine and zinc sulfate, and the molar ratio of lysine to zinc sulfate is 2:1 (at the same time, the lysine and zinc element in the first zinc lysine substitute are used as effective substances, and the mass of the effective substances is the same as the mass of the zinc lysine in Example 1);

[0076] Performance Test:

[0077] Experimental animals: 125 multiparous sows at 90 days of gestation in good health and with a similar expected delivery date were selected and randomly divided into 25 treatment groups, with 5 sows in each treatment group. The first 24 groups were fed with the basic diet added with the additives prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples (the mass ratio of the additive to the basic diet was 4:96, and the basic diet was "Mi Lactating Spirit" produced by Guangdong Bilimei Yingwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number LT-7-100);

[0078] The control group was fed only the basal diet, and the finished test sows were housed in stalls in the farrowing house and fed individually at 90 days of gestation.

[0079] Feeding and management: Feed twice a day during the trial period, and the feeding amount from 90 days of gestation to 110 days of gestation is controlled at 2.5kg. The feeding amount is reduced 5 days before delivery and can be controlled at 1.9kg. No supplementary feeding of creep feed is given to suckling piglets. During the entire trial, the pig house is well ventilated, all pigs have free access to water, normal immunization and epidemic prevention, and other feeding and management are carried out in accordance with the conventional feeding procedures of the pig farm. If there are seriously dead pigs that need to be transferred out after the start of the trial, keep a record of the death. The trial period is from 90 days of gestation to weaning of piglets at 28 days of age, a total of 52 days.

[0080] Test indicators: 16 hours after farrowing, collect 5-10 mL of milk from the 3rd to 5th pairs of nipples of the test sows, and determine the content of milk fat, milk protein, lactose, and non-fat solids in the milk. The test results are shown in Table 4:

[0081] Table 4

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Result analysis:

[0085] 1. It can be seen from Examples 1-5 that when the addition amount of each raw material in the formula of the feed additive is slightly adjusted, the milk fat content, milk protein content, lactose content, and non-milk fat solid content in the colostrum of the sows in the experimental group corresponding to Examples 1-5 fluctuate, but the fluctuation range is relatively small. At the same time, compared with the control group, the milk fat content and milk protein content of Examples 1-5 have a more obvious upward trend;

[0086] 2. It can be seen from Examples 1 and 6-8 that when Examples 6-7 use sweet potato flour and peanut flour to replace loofah flour, respectively, the milk fat content, milk protein content, lactose content, and non-milk fat solid content of Examples 6 and 7 relative to Example 1 do not show an upward trend, but instead show a certain degree of downward trend;

[0087] When sweet potato powder, peanut powder and loofah powder are used at the same time in Example 8, the milk fat content and milk protein content of Example 8 show a relatively obvious improvement trend relative to that of Example 1. It can be seen that when sweet potato, peanut and loofah are used together, it is beneficial for pregnant sows to absorb nutrients, thereby increasing the milk fat content and milk protein content in colostrum.

[0088] 3. It can be seen from Examples 1 and 9-11 that when Examples 9-10 use methionine selenium and glycine iron to replace lysine zinc, the milk fat content, milk protein content, lactose content, and non-milk fat solids content of Examples 9 and 10 relative to Example 1 do not show an increasing trend, but instead show a certain degree of decreasing trend;

[0089] When Example 11 simultaneously uses methionine selenium, glycine iron and lysine zinc, the milk fat content and milk protein content of Example 11 show a relatively obvious improvement trend relative to that of Example 1. It can be seen that the use of methionine selenium, glycine iron and lysine zinc together is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by pregnant sows, thereby increasing the milk fat content and milk protein content in colostrum.

[0090] 4. It can be seen from Examples 1 and 12-14 that when Examples 12-13 use vitamin D3 and vitamin E to replace vitamin A, respectively, the milk fat content, milk protein content, lactose content, and non-milk fat solid content of Examples 12 and 13 relative to Example 1 do not show an increasing trend, but instead show a certain degree of decreasing trend;

[0091] When Example 14 uses vitamin D3, vitamin E and vitamin A at the same time, the milk fat content and milk protein content of Example 14 show a relatively obvious improvement trend relative to Example 1. It can be seen that when vitamin D3, vitamin E and vitamin A are used together, it is beneficial for pregnant sows to absorb nutrients, thereby increasing the milk fat content and milk protein content in colostrum.

[0092] 5. It can be seen from Comparative Examples 1-3 that when the feed additive lacks plant powder, amino acid chelate or vitamin, Comparative Examples 1-3 have a significant downward trend relative to Example 1, and only show a small upward trend relative to the control group. It can be seen that any one of the plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamin in the feed additive is indispensable;

[0093] 6. It can be seen from comparative examples 4-10 that when other plant powders, such as rice husk powder or corn powder, are used instead of loofah powder, or when a mixture of lysine and zinc sulfate or lysine or zinc sulfate is used alone to replace lysine zinc, and when other vitamins are used to replace vitamin A in Example 1, the milk fat content and milk protein content of Examples 4-10 show a relatively obvious downward trend relative to that of Example 1. It can be seen that any of the plant powders, amino acid chelates and vitamins in feed additives are difficult to replace.

Claims

1. A sow feed additive, characterized in that: It is composed of plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins, and the mass ratio of the plant powder, amino acid chelate and vitamins is 12-15:4-9:5-8; The plant powder is selected from at least one of loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder; The amino acid chelate is selected from at least one of zinc lysine, selenium methionine, and iron glycine; The vitamin is selected from at least one of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E.

2. The sow feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The plant powder is a mixture of loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder, and the mass ratio of the loofah powder, sweet potato powder and peanut powder is 0.5-0.8:0.6-1:0.6-1.

3. The sow feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The amino acid chelate is a mixture of zinc lysine, selenium methionine and iron glycine, and the mass ratio of zinc lysine, selenium methionine and iron glycine is 1-1.5:0.6-1:0.2-0.

6.

4. The sow feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The vitamins are a mixture of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E, and the mass ratio of vitamin A, vitamin D3 and vitamin E is 0.8-1.2:0.2-0.5:0.2-0.

5.

5. Use of the sow feed additive as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 in preparing sow feed.

6. Use of the sow feed additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 for increasing the content of milk fat and milk protein in sow milk.

7. A sow feed, characterized in that: Contains 1 to 4 wt% of the sow feed additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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