Flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor and equipment, the flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor comprises a shell, an exhaust pipe and a plurality of independent reaction cavities arranged in the shell, the plurality of reaction cavities are respectively provided with independent first air inlets, the plurality of reaction cavities are sequentially arranged in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe is arranged in the shell; and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the plurality of reaction cavities. According to the flexible synthesis reactor for the green ammonia, the reaction cavities with different rated loads can be selectively combined, so that the rated loads can be greatly adjusted, and the synthesis efficiency and the equipment safety can be considered even under the working condition that the gas inlet amount of feed gas greatly fluctuates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammonia synthesis, and in particular to a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor and equipment. Background Art

[0002] Green ammonia is a type of ammonia produced through renewable energy. The production process of green ammonia mainly relies on water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. This technology uses renewable energy, such as light energy, hydropower, wind power and solar power to generate hydrogen through water electrolysis, and then hydrogen reacts with nitrogen under certain conditions to produce ammonia. Therefore, green ammonia is a "zero-carbon" energy source, which is expected to replace traditional fossil fuels and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction effects. However, the use of the aforementioned renewable energy to produce hydrogen generally has the problem of large fluctuations in hydrogen production, which causes large changes in the reaction pressure in the ammonia synthesis reactor, and is prone to fatigue conditions, making the ammonia synthesis reactor unable to operate safely and stably, and the ammonia reaction conversion rate is reduced. Traditional ammonia synthesis reactors are difficult to adapt to such large load fluctuations, and are prone to safety accidents such as low ammonia conversion rate or equipment seal leakage and pipeline rupture. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor and equipment that can adapt to large load fluctuations.

[0004] In one aspect of the present application, a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor is provided, comprising a shell, an exhaust pipe and a plurality of independent reaction chambers arranged in the shell, the plurality of reaction chambers are respectively provided with an independent first air inlet, the plurality of reaction chambers are arranged sequentially in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe connects the plurality of reaction chambers.

[0005] The above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor connects multiple reaction chambers in parallel in the outer shell, and by arranging independent air inlets on each reaction chamber, the raw gas intake and reaction process of each reaction chamber are independent of each other; and the exhaust pipe connects multiple reaction chambers, so that the exhaust gas paths are connected. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with this structural form can achieve the purpose of greatly adjusting the total rated load of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor by selectively combining reaction chambers with different rated loads. Even under the condition that the raw gas intake volume fluctuates greatly, the system pressure change can be kept within a small fluctuation range to avoid the occurrence of fatigue conditions, so that the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can operate safely and stably for a long time and have a high ammonia net value. That is, the above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can take into account both synthesis efficiency and equipment safety even under the condition that the raw gas intake volume fluctuates greatly.

[0006] The exhaust pipe in the above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor is connected to multiple reaction chambers, which is also conducive to maintaining the catalyst temperature in each reaction chamber above the activation temperature, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0007] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is disposed inside the plurality of reaction chambers, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a gas collecting hole communicating with each reaction chamber.

[0008] In some of the embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor also includes a catalyst frame and a reaction bed arranged in each of the reaction chambers, the reaction bed is arranged in the catalyst frame, an annular gap air inlet is formed between the catalyst frame and the reaction chamber, and a side wall of the catalyst frame is provided with a second air inlet connected to the annular gap air inlet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction chambers include an inner cylinder disposed in the outer shell and a partition disposed in the inner cylinder, wherein the partition separates two adjacent reaction chambers.

[0010] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor also includes a heat transfer component disposed in the reaction chamber, wherein the heat transfer component is disposed in the catalyst frame and is located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, and the space of the catalyst frame is radially divided from the outside to the inside into three sub-reaction zones: an outer adiabatic reaction circle, an inner cooling reaction circle, and an inner adiabatic reaction circle.

[0011] In some embodiments, the air inlet end of the heat transfer component is communicated with the first air inlet, and the air outlet end of the heat transfer component is communicated with the annular gap air inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, one end of the exhaust pipe is a closed end, the other end of the exhaust pipe is an exhaust end, and the diameter of the exhaust pipe increases gradually from the closed end to the exhaust end.

[0013] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe includes a porous section and a variable diameter section with the same diameter, the gas collecting hole is located on the porous section, and the variable diameter section increases in a direction from the closed end of the exhaust pipe to the exhaust end.

[0014] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further includes an internal air inlet pipe, which is connected to a first air inlet of at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and the internal air inlet pipe is disposed in the reaction chamber.

[0015] A second aspect of the present application provides an ammonia synthesis device, comprising the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor described in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to one embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the top enlarged structure.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the inner cylinder, catalyst frame and annular gap inlet duct.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an ammonia synthesis reaction device according to one embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a T-NH3 operation curve of an ammonia synthesis reaction according to an embodiment.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 10. Shell; 20. Exhaust pipe; 201. Gas collecting hole; 202. Porous section; 203. Variable diameter section 203; 30. Reaction chamber; 301. First air inlet; 302. Annular gap air inlet duct; 303. Internal cylinder; 304. Partition; 305. Cover plate; 40. Catalyst frame; 401. Second air inlet; 402. External adiabatic reaction circle; 403. Internal cooling reaction circle; 404. Internal adiabatic reaction circle; 50. Heat transfer assembly; 501. Pipe box; 502. Heat transfer tube bundle; 60. Internal air inlet pipe; 70. Load regulating valve; 80. Bypass valve; 90. Main annular gap air duct; 2. Compressor; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Heater; 5. Pressure control valve; 6. Evaporator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0025] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0029] In the process of ammonia synthesis, the raw material intake is often unstable, especially in the process of using renewable energy such as light energy, hydropower or wind energy to electrolyze water to produce green hydrogen, and then catalytically synthesize green ammonia with green hydrogen and nitrogen. When the intake is too small and the actual load is far lower than the rated load of the reactor, it is easy to cause a decrease in the reaction conversion rate, a decrease in catalyst activity, and a significant increase in the energy consumed per unit product, increasing production costs. When the intake is too large and the actual load is higher than the rated load of the reactor, the gas stays on the catalyst surface for too short a time, and the reactants cannot fully contact and react with the catalyst, resulting in a decrease in the reaction rate and a decrease in the actual amount of ammonia generated per unit time; and the large intake leads to excessive pressure, which will threaten the safety of the equipment and easily lead to accidents such as leakage at the equipment seal and pipeline rupture.

[0030] However, the current ammonia synthesis reactors have poor adaptability and can only operate under load conditions above 70%, that is, when the intake air flow rate is less than 70% of the rated maximum intake air flow rate, the ammonia conversion rate is too low to meet production requirements. Therefore, finding an ammonia synthesis reactor that can adapt to large load fluctuations to balance ammonia synthesis efficiency and equipment safety is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0031] Based on this, the first aspect of this application, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 One embodiment provides a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1, comprising a shell 10, an exhaust pipe 20 and a plurality of independent reaction chambers 30 arranged in the shell 10, the plurality of reaction chambers 30 are respectively provided with independent first air inlets 301, the plurality of reaction chambers 30 are arranged in sequence in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe 20 connects the plurality of reaction chambers 30.

[0032] The above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor connects multiple reaction chambers in parallel in the outer shell, and by arranging independent air inlets on each reaction chamber, the raw gas intake and reaction process of each reaction chamber are independent of each other; and the exhaust pipe connects multiple reaction chambers, so that the exhaust gas paths are connected. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with this structural form can achieve the purpose of greatly adjusting the total rated load of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor by selectively combining reaction chambers with different rated loads. Even under the condition that the raw gas intake volume fluctuates greatly, the system pressure change can be kept within a small fluctuation range to avoid the occurrence of fatigue conditions, so that the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can operate safely and stably for a long time and have a high ammonia net value. That is, the above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can take into account both synthesis efficiency and equipment safety even under the condition that the raw gas intake volume fluctuates greatly.

[0033] The exhaust pipe in the above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor is connected to multiple reaction chambers, which is also conducive to maintaining the catalyst temperature in each reaction chamber above the activation temperature, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0034] It can be understood that the housing 10 is a pressure-bearing housing.

[0035] It can be understood that the reaction bed of each reaction chamber 30 is filled with an ammonia synthesis catalyst, and the ammonia synthesis catalyst, catalytic synthesis reaction and air intake of each reaction chamber 30 are independent of each other.

[0036] Furthermore, the first direction is the exhaust direction of the reaction gas.

[0037] Furthermore, the first direction is axial, that is, the direction along the central axis of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 is disposed inside the plurality of reaction chambers 30 , and the exhaust pipe 20 is provided with a gas collecting hole 201 communicating with each reaction chamber 30 .

[0039] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 3 As shown, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 also includes a catalyst frame 40 and a reaction bed arranged in each of the reaction chambers 30, the reaction bed is arranged in the catalyst frame 40, an annular gap air inlet 302 is formed between the catalyst frame 40 and the reaction chamber 30, and the side wall of the catalyst frame 40 is provided with a second air inlet 401 connected to the annular gap air inlet 302.

[0040] It can be understood that the reaction bed is a catalyst bed layer, and the reaction zone where the catalyst bed layer is located is connected to the annular gap inlet duct 302 through the catalyst frame 40.

[0041] In some embodiments, the catalyst frame 40 is a radial catalyst frame with a gas radial distribution function. The raw gas flows radially in the radial catalyst frame, from the outer annular gap inlet 302 to the central exhaust pipe 20. This structure allows the raw gas to pass through the catalyst layer more evenly, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0042] It is understood that an annular gap air inlet duct 302 is formed between the catalyst frame 40 and the inner cylinder 303 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction chambers 30 include an inner cylinder 303 disposed in the outer shell 10 and a partition 304 disposed in the inner cylinder 303 , and the partition 304 separates two adjacent reaction chambers 30 .

[0044] Furthermore, the partition plate 304, the cover plate 305 and the catalyst frame 40 form an ammonia synthesis reaction zone.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cover plate 305 is located at the top of the ammonia synthesis reaction zone, the partition plate 304 is located at the bottom of the ammonia synthesis reaction zone, the catalyst frame 40 is located at the periphery of the reaction zone, the top edge of the catalyst frame 40 is connected to the cover plate 305, and the bottom edge of the catalyst frame 40 is connected to the partition plate 304.

[0046] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor also includes a heat transfer component 50 disposed in the reaction chamber, and the heat transfer component 50 is disposed in the catalyst frame 40 and is located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame 40 and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 20, and the space of the catalyst frame 40 is radially divided from the outside to the inside into three sub-reaction zones: an outer adiabatic reaction circle 402, an inner cooling reaction circle 403 and an inner adiabatic reaction circle 404.

[0047] A heat transfer component 50 is arranged in the reaction chamber 30, so that the reaction process and the heat transfer process of the ammonia synthesis reaction can be carried out simultaneously; the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen to generate ammonia is an exothermic reaction, and the heat transfer component 50 can remove the reaction heat in time to promote the forward reaction process of the ammonia synthesis reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate. At the same time, the heat transfer component 50 also plays a role in heating the intake air, thereby ensuring the reaction temperature of the ammonia synthesis reaction and the catalyst activation temperature. The heat transfer component 50 divides the interior of the reactor radially from the outside to the inside into an outer adiabatic reaction circle 402, an inner cooling reaction circle 403 and an inner adiabatic reaction circle 404, and performs three sub-reactions. The arrangement of the three sub-reactions can make each reaction chamber have a high ammonia net value, please refer to Figure 5 , the three straight lines represent three sub-reactions.

[0048] Furthermore, the area between the catalyst frame 40 and the heat transfer component 50 is an outer insulating reaction circle 402 , the ammonia synthesis reaction zone in the area where the heat transfer component 50 is located is an inner cooling reaction circle 403 , and the area between the heat transfer component 50 and the exhaust pipe 20 is an inner insulating reaction circle 404 .

[0049] In some embodiments, the air inlet end of the heat transfer component 50 is communicated with the first air inlet 301 , and the air outlet end of the heat transfer component 50 is communicated with the annular gap air inlet 302 .

[0050] It can be understood that the gas outlet end of the heat transfer assembly 50 is in communication with the reaction chamber 30 through the second gas inlet 401 of the catalyst frame 40 .

[0051] In some embodiments, the heat transfer assembly 50 includes a pipe box 501 and a heat transfer tube bundle 502, the air inlet end of the pipe box 501 is connected to the first air inlet of the reaction chamber 30, the air outlet end of the pipe box 502 is connected to the air inlet end of the heat transfer tube bundle 502, and the air outlet end of the heat transfer tube bundle 502 is connected to the annular gap air inlet 302.

[0052] In some embodiments, one end of the exhaust pipe 20 is a closed end, the other end of the exhaust pipe 20 is an exhaust end, and the diameter of the exhaust pipe 20 increases from the closed end to the exhaust end. The structure in which the diameter of the exhaust pipe 20 increases from the closed end to the exhaust end can better adapt to the gradually increasing amount of the reaction gas.

[0053] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 includes a porous section 202 and a variable diameter section 203 with the same diameter, the gas collecting hole 201 is located on the porous section 202, and the variable diameter section 203 increases in a direction from the closed end to the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 20. The reaction gas after the ammonia synthesis reaction is collected through the gas collecting hole 201 and discharged from the exhaust pipe 20; the variable diameter section 203 is used for a smooth transition at the place where the diameter of the exhaust pipe 20 changes, so that the gas is smoother and the air flow resistance is reduced.

[0054] In some of the embodiments, a plurality of gas collecting holes 201 are evenly arranged on the porous section 202 .

[0055] In some embodiments, the porous section 202 is located in the catalyst frame 40, and the variable diameter section is located in the gap between adjacent catalyst frames 40. The air intake spaces of each reaction chamber 30 are independent of each other, while the air outlet spaces are interconnected, so that the pressure in each reaction chamber 30 is balanced. At the same time, when a certain reaction chamber 30 is shut down, heat transfer can be carried out between the reaction chambers 30 through the exhaust pipe 20 to replenish the temperature, so that the catalyst in the shut-down reaction chamber 30 can still maintain the catalyst activation temperature. When the load increases, the shut-down reaction chamber 30 can be opened to directly intake air for reaction, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0056] Furthermore, no hole is opened on the side wall of the diameter-reducing section 203 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 is disposed at the center of the housing 10 .

[0058] In some embodiments, the top end of the exhaust pipe 20 is located in the topmost reaction chamber 30 , and the bottom end extends out of the housing 10 .

[0059] In some of the embodiments, the inner cylinder 303 is disposed in the outer shell 10 , and a main annular gap air passage 90 is formed between the inner cylinder 303 and the outer shell 10 .

[0060] In some of the embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further includes an internal air inlet pipe 60 , which is connected to at least a portion of the first air inlet 301 of the reaction chamber 30 , and the internal air inlet pipe 60 is disposed in the reaction chamber 30 .

[0061] In some embodiments, the air inlet end of the pipe box 501 of the heat transfer assembly 50 is communicated with the first air inlet 301 of the reaction chamber 30 through an internal air inlet pipe 60 .

[0062] It can be understood that in each reaction chamber, the raw gas with a lower temperature enters the heat exchange tube of the heat transfer tube bundle 502 from the internal air inlet pipe 60 through the pipe box 501, exchanges heat with the high-temperature reaction gas synthesized in the reaction zone, removes the reaction heat, and raises the temperature of the raw gas in the heat exchange tube to the activation temperature of the catalyst. After the raw gas is heated, it enters the annular gap air inlet 302 from the air outlet end of the heat exchange tube of the heat transfer tube bundle 502, and then flows radially and evenly to the reaction zone through the catalyst frame 40, and passes through the three sub-reaction zones of the outer adiabatic reaction circle 402, the inner cooling reaction circle 403 and the inner adiabatic reaction circle 404 in turn, and then enters the exhaust pipe 20 and is discharged through the reaction gas outlet f.

[0063] In some embodiments, 2 to 5 reaction chambers are disposed in the housing 10 .

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, three reaction chambers 30 are arranged in the housing 10. The total rated load can be adjusted by different combinations of three reaction chambers with different rated loads, so as to adapt to the working conditions where the intake volume is prone to large fluctuations.

[0065] In some embodiments, an annular gap gas inlet a and an annular gap gas outlet b are provided on the housing 10, and the position of the annular gap gas outlet b is higher than the position of the annular gap gas inlet a.

[0066] In some embodiments, the housing 10 is provided with a reaction gas outlet f and a plurality of raw gas inlets c, d, e, the raw gas inlet c is connected to the first gas inlet 301 of the reaction chamber 30 , and the reaction gas outlet f is connected to the exhaust pipe 20 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the number of raw gas inlets on the housing 10 is the same as the number of reaction chambers, and there is only one exhaust pipe 20 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the reaction gas outlet f is the gas outlet of the exhaust pipe 20 .

[0069] In some of the embodiments, three reaction chambers are provided in the outer shell, each reaction chamber corresponds to the upper porous section, the middle porous section and the lower porous section of the exhaust pipe 20, the diameter of the upper porous section is smaller than the diameter of the middle porous section, and the diameter of the middle porous section is smaller than the diameter of the lower porous section.

[0070] Further, the length of the upper porous section is shorter than the length of the middle porous section, and the length of the middle porous section is shorter than the length of the lower porous section.

[0071] In some of the embodiments, when three reaction chambers are provided in the shell, a raw gas inlet c connected to the upper reaction chamber and a raw gas inlet d connected to the middle reaction chamber are provided at the top of the shell 10, and a raw gas inlet e connected to the lower reaction chamber and a reaction gas outlet f are provided at the bottom.

[0072] Furthermore, the raw gas inlet c and the raw gas inlet d are respectively connected to an internal air intake pipe.

[0073] In some of the embodiments, the internal air inlet pipe 60 is not provided in the bottommost reaction chamber, and the raw gas directly enters the heat transfer component 50 from the raw gas inlet e.

[0074] A second aspect of the present application provides an ammonia synthesis device, comprising the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor described in the first aspect.

[0075] In some of these implementations, see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the ammonia synthesis reaction equipment includes a compressor 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heater 4 and a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1; the compressor 2 is used to provide raw gas and regulating gas; the heat exchanger 3 is used for heat exchange between the reaction gas and the raw gas; the heater 4 is used for supplementary heating of the raw gas.

[0076] Furthermore, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 adopts the aforementioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with three reaction chambers connected in parallel.

[0077] In some of the embodiments, the air inlet 301 is connected to an external air inlet pipe, and the external air inlet pipe is provided with a load regulating valve 70 and a bypass valve 80 , and the load regulating valve 70 and the bypass valve 80 are connected in parallel.

[0078] In some embodiments, a pressure regulating valve 5 is provided on the exhaust pipe of the exhaust pipe 20. The pressure regulating valve 5 is used to regulate the pressure in the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1, and can assist the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 to control the pressure fluctuation range within 20%, so as to avoid the occurrence of fatigue conditions, so that the device can operate safely and stably for a long time.

[0079] Furthermore, the pressure regulating valve 5 is arranged on the hot gas outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 3 .

[0080] Furthermore, load regulating valves 70 are provided on the external air inlet pipe A between the compressor 2 and the upper reaction chamber, on the external air inlet pipe B between the compressor 2 and the middle reaction chamber, and on the external air inlet pipe C between the compressor 2 and the lower reaction chamber, and each load regulating valve 70 is connected in parallel with a bypass valve 80.

[0081] In some embodiments, the bypass valve 80 may be a DN25 bypass valve.

[0082] In some embodiments, the heater 4 is a start-up electric furnace.

[0083] In some of the embodiments, an evaporator 6 is provided on the pipeline between the exhaust pipe 20 and the heat exchanger 3 .

[0084] Understandably, the raw gas from the compressor 2 is divided into three paths, one path is used as the regulating gas of the raw gas, one path is used as the annular gap intake, and the other path is heated by heat exchange with the reaction gas in the heat exchanger 3, and then merged with the regulating gas, adjusted to the required temperature for entering the tower, and then enters each reaction chamber of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 from the intake pipe A, intake pipe B and intake pipe C. Among them, when the load is reduced to the point where one or two reaction chambers need to be shut down, the corresponding load regulating valve 70 is closed, and the corresponding bypass valve 80 is opened at the same time to allow a small amount of heated raw gas to enter the shut-down reaction chamber to react and generate a small amount of heat to compensate for heat loss and maintain the catalyst bed temperature above the activation temperature, so that when the load increases and the reaction chamber needs to be opened, the gas can be directly fed into the reaction chamber. The amount of air intake from the bypass valve 80 depends on the catalyst bed temperature in the shut-down reaction chamber.

[0085] Figure 2 The load regulation method of the ammonia synthesis equipment shown is as follows: the load regulation is to set different rated load ratios for the three reaction chambers, namely the upper reaction chamber, the middle reaction chamber and the lower reaction chamber, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. According to the load size, one, two or three reaction chambers are selected for combination, and the auxiliary regulation of the pressure control valve 5 is added to meet the flexible regulation of large load fluctuations.

[0086] As an example, when the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with three reaction chambers in parallel is used, when the rated load rate of the upper reaction chamber is 25%, the rated load rate of the middle reaction chamber is 35%, and the rated load rate of the lower reaction chamber is 40%, when the load is 20% to 25%, the upper reaction chamber is opened; when the load is 25% to 35%, the middle reaction chamber is opened; when the load is 35% to 40%, the lower reaction chamber is opened; when the load is 40% to 60%, the upper reaction chamber and the middle reaction chamber are opened; when the load is 60% to 65%, the upper reaction chamber and the lower reaction chamber are opened; when the load is 65% to 75%, the middle reaction chamber and the lower reaction chamber are opened; when the load is 75% to 110%, the upper reaction chamber, the middle reaction chamber and the lower reaction chamber are opened at the same time.

[0087] When the operating pressure is 14.5MPa, the T-NH3 operating curve of the ammonia synthesis reaction is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the ammonia concentration increases from 2.5% to 11.67%, which is the reaction operating line of the outer adiabatic reaction circle 402; the ammonia concentration increases from 11.67% to 18.67%, which is the reaction operating line of the inner cooling reaction circle 403 (reaction and heat transfer are carried out simultaneously); the ammonia concentration increases from 18.67% to 21.11%, which is the reaction operating line of the inner adiabatic reaction circle 404. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the present application can ensure that the system ammonia net value is greater than 18% when the load changes from 25% to 100%. The ammonia net value of a conventional ammonia synthesis reactor is generally around 18%, but when the load fluctuates, such as when the load is 70%, the ammonia net value is only 15%, while the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the present application can still reach more than 18% ammonia net value when the load fluctuates.

[0088] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0089] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, an exhaust pipe and a plurality of independent reaction chambers arranged in the shell, the plurality of reaction chambers are respectively provided with independent first air inlets, the plurality of reaction chambers are arranged in sequence in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the plurality of reaction chambers.

2. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is arranged inside the plurality of reaction chambers, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a gas collecting hole communicated with each reaction chamber.

3. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor also includes a catalyst frame and a reaction bed arranged in each of the reaction chambers. The reaction bed is arranged in the catalyst frame. An annular gap air inlet is formed between the catalyst frame and the reaction chamber. The side wall of the catalyst frame is provided with a second air inlet connected to the annular gap air inlet.

4. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple reaction chambers include an inner cylinder arranged in the outer shell and a partition arranged in the inner cylinder, and the partition separates two adjacent reaction chambers.

5. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor also includes a heat transfer component arranged in the reaction chamber. The heat transfer component is arranged in the catalyst frame and is located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, and the space of the catalyst frame is radially divided from the outside to the inside into three sub-reaction zones: an outer adiabatic reaction circle, an inner cooling reaction circle and an inner adiabatic reaction circle.

6. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the heat transfer component is communicated with the first air inlet port, and the air outlet end of the heat transfer component is communicated with the annular gap air inlet duct.

7. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: One end of the exhaust pipe is a closed end, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is an exhaust end. The diameter of the exhaust pipe increases gradually from the closed end to the exhaust end.

8. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe comprises a porous section and a variable diameter section with the same pipe diameter, the gas collecting hole is located on the porous section, and the variable diameter section increases in a direction from the closed end of the exhaust pipe to the exhaust end.

9. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises an internal air inlet pipe, which is communicated with a first air inlet of at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and the internal air inlet pipe is disposed in the reaction chamber.

10. An ammonia synthesis device, characterized in that: A green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor comprising the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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