Double-roll adaptive crushing device, crushing method and testing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a double-roller adaptive crushing device. Two horizontally arranged crushing shafts are located inside the crushing shell. Several sets of crushing teeth are spaced apart on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts. Adjacent crushing teeth on the two crushing shafts are axially staggered. The radially opposite area between the two crushing shafts is the first crushing area, and the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area. A rebound component is located at the lower part of the crushing shell. After the material to be crushed passes through the first crushing area, some of the crushed material is rebounded by the rebound component. The rebounded material enters the second crushing area from the inlet end. This invention also discloses a crushing method and a detection method using the double-roller adaptive crushing device. Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this invention ensures that the crushed material meets the corresponding size requirements and improves the crushing efficiency of the target product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-metallic material crushing technology, and in particular to a double-roller adaptive crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Silicon crystal stone is a natural or processed stone material that is widely used in decoration and interior design materials due to its attractive appearance.

[0003] The main component of silica is silicon dioxide, which has a relatively high hardness and is one of the more common high-hardness minerals in nature. In practical decoration and renovation applications, silica with smaller particle size is usually used. However, silica mined from mines is larger in size, so it needs to undergo a crushing process to achieve overall crushing and size reduction of the raw material, making it easier to transport and use in subsequent applications.

[0004] In actual production, a double-roll crushing device is used when crushing large-sized silicon crystals. The double-roll crushing device usually has two crushing shafts inside, and the raw materials are squeezed and cut by the two horizontally set crushing shafts to achieve the crushing process of the raw materials.

[0005] In practical production applications, while the two crushing shafts in the middle can compress and crush silicon crystals, achieving the reduction of raw material size or partial crushing, the actual working crushing area of ​​the double-roll crusher is mainly concentrated between the top two rollers. Other parts of the crusher, such as the sides and bottom, do not contribute significantly to the crushing process. Even after initial crushing, some materials may still be large and require repeated crushing, ultimately resulting in low overall crushing efficiency and high energy consumption. Furthermore, traditional double-roll crushers can only perform simple material crushing and lack monitoring of the actual working process and particle size detection of the crushed material. The overall device is not intelligent enough and has low operating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a dual-roll adaptive crushing device, crushing method, and detection method, which aims to ensure that the crushed material meets the corresponding size requirements and improve the crushing efficiency of the target product.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a double-roll adaptive crushing device, comprising a crushing shell, two horizontally arranged crushing shafts inside the crushing shell, several sets of crushing teeth spaced apart on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts, adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts being axially staggered, the radially opposite area of ​​the two crushing shafts being the first crushing area, the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell being the second crushing area, and a rebound component provided at the lower part of the crushing shell. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material is rebounded by the rebound component, and the rebounded crushed material enters the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area.

[0008] Preferably, the two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions. After the material to be crushed passes through the first crushing area, it tends to move downward. Some of the material is moved downward to the rebound component by the centrifugal force of the crushing shaft. The rebound component includes several support plates that are connected in sequence and arranged along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell. The center of the curved surface of a single support plate or the center of the curved surface composed of multiple support plates is located at the inlet end of the second crushing area.

[0009] Preferably, the side surface of the crushing shell is provided with a number of longitudinal grooves at intervals, and a side crushing tooth is provided between two adjacent longitudinal grooves. When the object to be crushed passes through the second crushing zone, it comes into contact with the side crushing tooth, and the crushing tooth and the side crushing tooth interact to crush the object in a secondary manner.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing tooth includes a mounting base and a crushing tooth body disposed on the outer surface of the crushing shaft, and the insertion direction of the crushing tooth body and the mounting base is perpendicular to the rotational tangent direction of the crushing shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the crushing tooth body is provided with a top crushing body, the middle of the crushing tooth body is provided with a middle inclined surface, and the middle inclined surface is provided with a number of side crushing bodies arranged at intervals. The top crushing body and the side crushing bodies form a spatially arranged crushing grid structure. The side crushing tooth includes a bottom plane, a side inclined surface and a middle cutting channel, and the middle cutting channel is a channel that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the support plate is an elastic material layer, and the bottom of the support plate is connected to and elastically supported by the broken shell through an elastomer.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the crushing shell is provided with two symmetrical screening cages, the surface of the screening cage is provided with a number of screening holes, the top surface of the screening cage is curved and adapted to the inner surface of the crushing shell, and the top surface of one screening cage is inclined to the other screening cage.

[0014] Preferably, a lifting push rod is provided at the bottom of the screening cage, and a pressure sensor is provided between the lifting push rod and the screening cage at the connection point.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a crushing method using the aforementioned dual-roll adaptive crushing device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S11: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts by the material conveyor belt. The two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions and squeeze and shear the material to be crushed. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, it moves directly downwards, while the crushed material moves towards the support plate in an inclined direction. The crushed material rebounds against the surface of the support plate and enters the second crushing area after rebounding.

[0017] Step S22: The surface of the crushing shell is provided with side crushing teeth. When the crushed material that has been elastically rebounded by the support plate is supported and positioned on the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth, the crushing teeth move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth to shear and crush the crushed material.

[0018] Step S33: During the crushing process of the crushing tooth, the front end of the crushing tooth first clamps and positions itself on the surface of the crushing tooth, and the top and side crushing bodies on the surface of the crushing tooth form a spatially arranged crushing grid structure. The crushing grid structure can pressurize and crush the crushing tooth into smaller particles.

[0019] Step S44: The top crushing body on the surface of the crushing tooth has a concave structure, and the direction of the force at the contact point with the crushed object is constantly changing during the crushing process.

[0020] Step S55: The crushed material that has undergone secondary crushing in the second crushing zone moves downward along the longitudinal groove and falls to the top of the bottom screening cage. When the screening cage is pushed up or down by the lifting push rod at the bottom, the top surface of the rising screening cage is an inclined surface, which pushes the crushed material to move towards the screening cage on the other side. The crushed material smaller than the screening holes on the surface of the screening cage can move downward through the corresponding screening holes.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a detection method using the aforementioned double-roll adaptive crushing device, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step S101: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the first crushing area by the material conveyor belt. With the two crushing shafts rotating in opposite directions, some of the crushed material will fall directly to the top of the left and right screening cages, and some of the crushed material will move to the surface of the support plate along the tangential direction of the crushing teeth rotation and bounce off the support plate.

[0023] Step S102: After the first time, the amount of broken material falling on the left and right screening cages will gradually increase. The broken material can gradually flow down through the screening holes on the top plate of the screening cage. After the first time, the weight of the broken material remaining at the top is detected by the pressure sensors corresponding to the two screening cages. If the weight of the broken material remaining at the top is not within the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts need to be adjusted to adjust the weight of the broken material remaining at the top of the two screening cages.

[0024] Step S103: If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is less than the minimum value of the first weight range, it is determined that the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is too small and is not in the optimal crushing state. Then, by detecting the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts, if the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts is the same, the crushing speed of the two crushing shafts is increased to speed up the crushing speed; if the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts is different, the rotation speed of the lower-speed crushing shaft is adjusted to the rotation speed of the higher-speed crushing shaft.

[0025] Step S104: After the second time, the weight change at the top of the two screening cages is detected by two pressure sensors. If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is within the first weight range, the two crushing shafts are kept at the stable speed.

[0026] Step S105: If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced to decrease the number of materials to be crushed entering the first crushing area; if the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range and the difference is greater than the first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced at a constant deceleration so that the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt gradually decreases to the target conveying speed, and the materials to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed.

[0027] Step S106: The broken material rebounding from the support plate enters the second crushing zone. The crushing teeth of the crushing shaft and the side crushing teeth crush the broken material in the second crushing zone. After a third time, the lifting push rod moves upward, pushing the left screening cage upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage, if the pressure sensor on the left detects that the weight of the broken material at the top of the left screening cage is greater than the second weight range, it is necessary to mark that the weight of the broken material at the top of the left screening cage is too heavy and make the first mark.

[0028] Step S107: After the fourth time interval, the screening cage is pushed upward again by the lifting push rod. The weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is detected again by the pressure sensor. If the weight of the crushed material detected this time still exceeds the second weight range, it is marked as the second time interval. The same screening cage is tested for weight with the fourth time interval as the time interval. If the weight is exceeded in N consecutive tests, where N is an integer, it is determined that the crushing teeth on the surface of the crushing shaft on the left are worn or damaged. An alarm is issued through the corresponding reminder device.

[0029] Step S108: If, during N consecutive tests, a weight is found to be lower than the minimum value of the second weight range, then all consecutive tests within the same testing cycle will be reset to zero, and the weight testing process will need to be repeated and the number of tests accumulated.

[0030] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0031] The dual-roll adaptive crushing device of this invention has two horizontally arranged crushing shafts inside the crushing shell. Several sets of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts. The adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially staggered. The radially opposite area of ​​the two crushing shafts is the first crushing area, and the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area. A rebound component is provided at the bottom of the crushing shell. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, part of the crushed material is rebounded by the rebound component. The rebounded crushed material enters the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area. The crushed material is crushed through different crushing areas, and the crushed material better meets the corresponding size requirements, resulting in higher crushing efficiency of the entire crushing device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dual-roll adaptive crushing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the crushing shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the double-roller adaptive crushing device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rebound component structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the crushing shaft of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the plug-in connection method between the main body of the crushing tooth and the mounting base of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection method between the crusher tooth body and the mounting base in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0041] 1. Crushing shell; 101. Top opening; 102. Bottom opening; 103. Protruding area; 104. Side crushing teeth; 1041. Bottom plane; 1042. Side inclined surface; 2. Crushing shaft; 3. Bearing housing; 4. Belt pulley drive mechanism; 401. Belt pulley; 5. Crushing teeth; 51. Concave arc; 52. Front end position; 53. Mounting base; 531. Labyrinth slot; 532. Initial entry section; 533. Intermediate transition section; 534. Positioning end section; 54. Main crushing teeth 541. Insert post; 542. Top crusher; 543. Middle inclined surface; 544. Side crusher; 55. Groove; 56. Insert tooth; 57. Slot; 6. First crushing zone; 7. Second crushing zone; 8. Rebound component; 9. Support plate; 10. Elastic body; 11. Central shaft; 112. Spring; 113. Limit nut; 12. Baffle; 13. Screening cage; 131. Screening hole; 132. Top plate; 133. Side plate; 14. Lifting push rod; 15. Pressure sensor.

[0042] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] This invention proposes a dual-roll adaptive crushing device.

[0045] Please see Figure 1The dual-roll adaptive crushing device of this invention includes a crushing shell 1, wherein the crushing shell 1 has a top opening 101 at the top and a bottom opening 102 at the bottom. The material to be crushed (such as silicon crystal) enters the interior of the crushing shell 1 through the top opening 101 for crushing and moves outward through the bottom opening 102 of the crushing shell 1.

[0046] The crushing housing 1 houses two horizontally arranged crushing shafts 2. Both ends of the two crushing shafts 2 pass through the crushing housing 1 and are connected to external bearing seats 3. Each of the two crushing shafts 2 has a pulley 401 connected to its external end. The crushing shafts 2 are driven by corresponding pulley transmission mechanisms 4. Since the existing pulley transmission mechanism 4 is a relatively conventional technology, it will not be described in detail here. To better achieve the transmission between the two crushing shafts 2, one crushing shaft 2 passes through the crushing housing 1 and is connected to and driven by a pulley 401 on one side of the crushing housing 1, while the other crushing shaft 2 passes through the crushing housing 1 in a different direction and is connected to and driven by a pulley 401 on the other side. In actual production site layout, the two pulley transmission mechanisms 4 are located on opposite sides, staggered from each other, making the overall crushing device more compact and the corresponding transmission mechanism layout more reasonable and flexible.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, the outer circumference of the crushing shaft 2 is provided with a plurality of sets of crushing teeth 5 spaced apart, and the radially adjacent crushing teeth on the outer circumference of two crushing shafts 2 are staggered. Specifically, one crushing shaft 2 in this embodiment of the invention is provided with N sets of crushing teeth 5 on its outer circumference, while the other crushing shaft 2 is provided with M sets of crushing teeth 5 on its outer circumference. In actual production and application, the number of N and M may be the same or different. The crushing teeth 5 on the outer circumference of the two crushing shafts 2 are arranged in a crisscross pattern, which facilitates the setting of the crushing teeth on the two crushing shafts 2, and the gap between two axially adjacent sets of crushing teeth 5 is the actual working part for crushing the material to be crushed.

[0048] Please see Figure 3 In the double-roll adaptive crushing device of this invention embodiment, the radially opposite area of ​​two adjacent crushing shafts 2 is the first crushing area 6, and the area between the crushing shaft 2 and the crushing shell 1 is the second crushing area 7. In addition, a rebound component 8 is provided at the lower part of the interior of the crushing shell 1. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area 6, part of the crushed material moves downward, while the other part of the crushed material will enter the rebound component 8 and be rebounded. After passing through the rebound component 8, it will rebound to the inlet end of the second crushing area 7, and then enter the second crushing area 7 to be crushed again.

[0049] Preferably, in this embodiment of the invention, the two crushing shafts 2 rotate in opposite directions, that is, one crushing shaft 2 rotates clockwise and the other crushing shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise, as shown below. Figure 3 The crushing shaft 2 on the left rotates clockwise, while the crushing shaft 2 on the right rotates counterclockwise. In order to enable the material to be crushed to move downward, the two crushing shafts 2 in this embodiment of the invention rotate downward, so that after the material to be crushed enters the first crushing area 6, it can be simultaneously subjected to the downward moving force of the two crushing shafts 2, so that the material to be crushed is subjected to a downward pulling force and has a downward tendency.

[0050] When the material to be crushed enters the first crushing area 6 between the two crushing shafts 2 from top to bottom, the two crushing shafts 2 are rotating at high speed. During the rotation, several crushing teeth 5 in the same group form a rotating cutting space (or the outer contour formed by the crushing teeth during the rotation). The cutting spaces of two radially adjacent crushing shafts 2 do not intersect, and there is a certain gap between them. During the design phase, the designers can reasonably design the outer contour of the crushing teeth 5 and pass through the boundary of the cutting space of the two crushing shafts 2 to perform punching and crushing or relative shearing on the material to be crushed, so that the material to be crushed can be cut from large size to small size particles.

[0051] Please see Figure 3 Preferably, since the crushing tooth 5 in this embodiment of the invention has a certain concave arc 51, when the front end position 52 of the crushing tooth 5 just comes into contact with the object to be crushed, the front end position 52 of the crushing tooth 5 quickly engages with the surface and interior of the object to be crushed. It can be imagined that the front ends of the two crushing teeth 5 that are radially opposite to each other on the two crushing shafts 2 are respectively engaged with the interior of the object to be crushed. In the actual crushing process, the object to be crushed is not easy to shift and the object to be crushed is initially positioned. Furthermore, the crushing tooth 5 has a concave arc 51 in the middle, which allows the internal structure edge of the concave arc 51 to contact and crush the material at different positions as the crushing shaft 2 rotates continuously. Compared with the prior art which simply uses crushing teeth with straight edges, the crushing tooth 5 with the concave arc 51 can continuously change the contact position between the internal structure of the concave arc 51 and the material to be crushed, as well as the cutting angle, during the continuous rotation process. This greatly avoids the failure phenomenon that the straight edge crushing teeth of the prior art cannot achieve angle change and easily cause two radially adjacent crushing teeth 5 to jam against the material to be crushed. Compared with the prior art, the crushing tooth 5 of the present invention can crush the material with a smaller shearing force, thus achieving a more efficient cutting effect on the silicon crystal material to be crushed.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, two radially adjacent crushing teeth 5, driven to rotate by crushing shafts 2 with opposite rotation directions, not only push the material to be crushed downwards, but also, the crushing teeth 5 with concave arc 51 push the material to be crushed downwards along the external tangential direction of the cutting space rotation. Therefore, some of the material to be crushed can move downwards along the external tangential direction and impact the inner surface of the crushing shell 1. In the prior art, the reuse of this impact energy is often neglected, and no corresponding rebound structure is provided. In this embodiment of the invention, a corresponding rebound component 8 is provided at the lower interior of the crushing shell 1. The rebound component 8 includes several support plates 9 connected in sequence and arranged along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell 1. At the same time, the center of the curved surface of the support plate 9 of the present invention points to the inlet position of the second crushing area 7. Figure 3 As shown by the dotted line path, the rebound component 8 on the left can rebound some of the broken material to the inlet position of the second crushing zone 7 on the right. Similarly, the rebound component 8 on the right can rebound some of the broken material to the inlet position of the second crushing zone 7 on the left.

[0053] As described above, after the material to be crushed is crushed by the crushing teeth 5 located in the first crushing zone 6, part of the material moves along the lower part of the crushing shaft 2, while the other part of the material moves downward to the surface of the support plate 9 of the rebound component 8 due to centrifugal force. The support plate 9 on the surface of the rebound component 8 can rebound the material, and the rebounded material can enter the second crushing zone 7 for a second crushing.

[0054] Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the support plate 9 facing the interior of the crushing shell 1 may be made of a hard metal material layer or an elastic material layer. The crushed material moving towards the support plate 9 contacts the surface of the support plate 9, thereby causing an impact. Furthermore, the bottom of the support plate 9 is connected to the crushing shell 1 via an elastic body 10 for elastic support. In practical applications, larger crushed materials can be rebounded by the periodically or continuously moving support plate 9 and bounced into the second crushing zone 7.

[0055] Alternatively, the elastomer 10 can be a spring structure, with one end of the spring structure connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 9 and the other end of the spring structure fixedly connected to the crushing shell 1, such as by welding, or by setting a corresponding mounting hole inside the crushing shell 1, through which the end of the spring structure is inserted into the mounting hole.

[0056] In other embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4Alternatively, the elastic body 10 may include a central shaft 11, one end of which is hinged to the bottom surface of the support plate 9, and the other end of which extends outward through the wall plate of the crushing shell 1. A spring 112 is fitted around the outer periphery of the central shaft 11, one end of which is supported on the bottom surface of the support plate 9, and the other end of which is supported and connected to the crushing shell 1. The other end of the central shaft 11 is provided with an external thread and a threaded limit nut 113. By adjusting the threaded connection position between the limit nut 113 and the central shaft 11, the actual working length of the central shaft 11 can be easily adjusted. Multiple support plates 9 are connected by a connecting structure to form a rebound surface with a concave structure. The working length of the central shaft 11 corresponding to multiple support plates 9 can be adaptively adjusted, making it easier to operate and adjust different placement angles of different support plates 9.

[0057] The side surface of the crushed housing 1 in this embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves at intervals. Figure 3 (No markings are provided), and there is an inwardly protruding area 103 between two adjacent longitudinal grooves. The surface of the protruding area 103 between two adjacent longitudinal grooves is provided with side crushing teeth 104. When the object to be crushed passes through the second crushing area 7 and comes into contact with the side crushing teeth 104, the object can be crushed a second time through the interaction between the crushing teeth 5 and the side crushing teeth 104.

[0058] Specifically, the crushing tooth 5 of this embodiment includes a mounting base 53 and a crushing tooth body 54 disposed on the outer surface of the crushing shaft 2. The crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are connected by an insertion joint. The root of the crushing tooth 5 is provided with a groove 55, and a tooth 56 is provided inside the groove 55. The surface of the mounting base 53 is provided with a slot 57. The tooth 56 and the slot 57 are connected by insertion joint. The crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are connected by an insertion joint. In addition, the mounting base 53 may be provided with a threaded hole, and the surface of the crushing tooth body 54 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole. After the fastener passes through the corresponding mounting hole, the fastener is then threadedly fastened to the mounting base 53. In this way, the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 can be easily connected. Since the crushing device is used to crush silicon crystal with high hardness in actual application, the surface of the crushing tooth body 54 will have a certain wear. The crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are set in a detachable connection form. After a certain period of crushing, only the severely worn crushing tooth body 54 needs to be replaced, which reduces costs and facilitates maintenance.

[0059] Preferably, in this embodiment of the invention, the insertion direction of the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 is perpendicular to the rotational tangent direction of the crushing shaft. Specifically, by setting the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 to be inserted downwards, and the rotational direction of the crushing shaft 2 is downwards, the insertion direction is perpendicular to the rotational tangent direction, so that after the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are connected, the crushing tooth body 54 is not easy to separate from the mounting base 53 during the rotation of the crushing shaft 2.

[0060] Please see Figure 6 More preferably, the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are connected by a plug-in connection. The crushing tooth body 54 is provided with a plug post 541, and the mounting base 53 is provided with a labyrinth slot 531. The labyrinth slot 531 consists of an initial entry section 532, an intermediate transition section 533, and a positioning end section 534. The intermediate transition section 533 is connected to the initial entry section 532 and the positioning end section 534 at both ends, respectively. The initial entry section 532 can be a straight section or an inclined section. The distance between the end point of the positioning end section 534 and the mounting surface of the mounting base 53 is the same as the distance between the mounting surface of the crushing tooth body 54 and the center of the plug post 541. Therefore, after the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 are plugged in, the connection between the crushing tooth body 54 and the mounting base 53 can be locked by the labyrinth slot 531, and it is not easy for the crushing process to loosen.

[0061] In other embodiments of the present invention, the top of the crushing tooth body 54 is provided with a top crushing body 542, the middle part of the crushing tooth body 54 is provided with a middle inclined surface 543, and the middle inclined surface 543 is provided with a plurality of spaced side crushing bodies 544. Therefore, a spatial crushing grid structure can be formed by the top crushing body 542 and the side crushing bodies 544. Since the cutting part at the front end of the crushing tooth 5 in the embodiment of the present invention is a concave structure, and when the front end of the crushing tooth 5 contacts the object to be crushed, it can first anchor the object to be crushed. As the concave structure of the crushing tooth contacts and crushes the object at different positions, the grid structure formed by the top crushing body 542 and the side crushing bodies 544 can simultaneously squeeze and divide multiple positions of the object to be crushed during the contact process between the crushing tooth 5 and the object to be crushed, so that the size of the object to be crushed after crushing is more in line with the target size.

[0062] Furthermore, the side crushing tooth 104 in this embodiment of the invention includes a bottom plane 1041, a side inclined surface 1042, and a middle cutting channel, wherein the middle cutting channel is a channel that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. When the crushed material bounces back and moves to the second crushing area 7 by the support plate 9, it has an upward tendency and is supported by the bottom plane 1041 of the side crushing tooth 104. As the crushing tooth 5 rotates continuously, the crushing tooth 5 and the side crushing tooth 104 cooperate with each other to crush the crushed material a second time. After the second crushing, the crushed material may move directly outward and enter the longitudinal groove, and then gradually move downward. Alternatively, after the second crushing, the crushed material may move upward along the middle cutting channel and then enter the longitudinal groove through the side inclined surface 1042.

[0063] In actual production applications, the crushed material after secondary crushing may move upward along the rotation direction of the crushing shaft 2. By providing a baffle 12 on the upper part of the crushing housing 1, the baffle 12 is inclined and one side of the baffle 12 is hinged to the crushing housing 1. The two baffles 12 together form a feed inlet that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, so that the material to be crushed when it first enters the crushing device can be concentrated in the first crushing zone 6. After being crushed in the second crushing zone 7, the crushed material may move upward in part. The baffle 12 can block the upward-moving crushed material and make it fall back into the longitudinal groove, and then gradually move downward. Alternatively, the crushed material is restricted by the bottom surface of the baffle 12 and gradually moves into the first crushing zone 6, and is crushed and moves downward through the first crushing zone 6.

[0064] To achieve size screening of crushed materials, two screening cages 13 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the crushing shell 1 in this embodiment of the invention. The surfaces of the two screening cages 13 are provided with a plurality of screening holes 131. The screening cages 13 and the crushing shell 1 are detachable. Therefore, to accommodate crushed materials of different particle sizes, screening cages 13 with different aperture sizes can be selected, and the surfaces of different screening cages 13 are provided with screening holes 131 corresponding to different aperture sizes. The screening cage 13 in this embodiment includes at least a top plate 132 and four side plates 133, and the surfaces of the top plate 132 and the side plates 133 are arranged with screening holes 131. Therefore, after crushing, if the corresponding particle size is less than or equal to the size of the screening hole 131, it can pass through the screening holes 131 on the surfaces of the top plate 132 and the four side plates 133 and move downwards.

[0065] During the crushing process of the crushing device, the crushed material after being crushed in the first crushing zone 6 and the second crushing zone 7, the crushed material smaller than the screening hole 131 can move downward through the screening hole 131 on the surface of the top plate 132 and the side plate 133, but the crushed material larger than the screening hole 131 cannot pass through the corresponding screening hole 131. In this embodiment of the invention, a lifting push rod 14 is provided at the bottom of the screening hole 131. At the same time, the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13 is an inclined surface. The top plate 132 of the left screening cage 13 is inclined towards the right screening cage 13, and the top plate 132 of the right screening cage 13 is inclined towards the left screening cage 13. When one of the screening cages 13 moves upward via the lifting push rod 14, the broken material originally located on the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13 can move outward along the screening hole 131 of the top plate 132, or some of the broken material can move downward along the top plate 132. The piled-up broken material rises with the screening cage 13, and the broken material smaller than the screening hole 131 can move outward through the screening hole 131. In actual application, the two screening cages 13 rise or fall alternately to avoid the situation in the prior art where some broken material gets stuck in the static screening hole 131, resulting in a poor screening effect. Furthermore, the alternate rising or falling of the screening cages 13 in this embodiment of the invention allows the broken material located at the bottom of the crushing shell 1 to rise and fall again. In the actual crushing process, the broken material moving downward through the first crushing area 6 can have a relative impact and crushing with the broken material rising and falling through the screening cage 13.

[0066] Preferably, in other embodiments of the present invention, a support plate 9 may be provided at the lower part of the crushing shell 1. An electric push rod is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate 9. The electric push rod pushes the support plate to move into the crushing shell 1 at a first cycle frequency, so that the support plate 9 can rotate around the connection position of the crushing shell 1 at a certain angle. The non-adjacent screening cage 13 moves upward at a second cycle frequency, so that large-sized crushed objects that cannot pass through the screening cage 13 are first pushed by the screening cage 13 to move towards the support plate 9. Then, the support plate 9 flips at a certain angle, pushing the crushed objects to move towards the second crushing area 7, and re-entering the second crushing area 7 for crushing processing.

[0067] Preferably, in other embodiments of the present invention, a discharge hole is provided at the root of the side plate of the screening cage 13. The screening cage 13 can be moved up and down by the lifting push rod 14. In actual application, the lifting height of the screening cage 13 is controlled by the lifting push rod 14 so that the discharge hole is not located inside the crushing shell 1 within a certain lifting height. At this time, the screening cage 13 is in the working state of screening crushed materials. However, if the crushed materials are large in size after being crushed in the first crushing area 6 and the second crushing area 7, they still cannot pass through the screening hole 131 of the screening cage 13. During the overhaul of the crushing device, one side of the screening cage 13 is pushed upward by the lifting push rod 14. The corresponding discharge hole will then be exposed in the internal space of the crushing shell 1, and the crushed materials can be moved outward through the discharge hole.

[0068] Please see Figure 1-7 In this embodiment of the invention, when the double-roller adaptive crushing device crushes the material to be crushed, the material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts 2 via a material conveyor belt (not shown in the figure). The two crushing shafts 2, which rotate relative to each other, can squeeze and shear the material to be crushed. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing zone 6, it moves directly downwards, while the crushed material moves towards the support plate 9 in an inclined direction due to the crushing teeth 5. The crushed material rebounds against the surface of the support plate 9, and the rebounded crushed material can enter the interior of the second crushing zone 7 from the inlet end position.

[0069] Since the surface of the crushing shell 1 is provided with side crushing teeth 104, and the outer peripheral surface of the crushing shaft 2 is provided with several crushing teeth 5, when the crushed material that rebounds elastically through the support plate 9 can be supported and positioned with the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth 104, the crushing teeth 5 move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth 104, thereby shearing and crushing the crushed material.

[0070] During the crushing process of the crushing tooth 5, the front end of the crushing tooth 5 first clamps and positions itself on the surface of the material to be crushed. The top crushing body 542 and the side crushing bodies 544 on the surface of the crushing tooth 5 form a spatially arranged crushing grid structure. This grid structure can pressurize and crush the material into smaller particles, greatly improving crushing efficiency. The top crushing body 542 on the surface of the crushing tooth 5 has a concave structure, which can continuously change the direction of the force at the contact point with the material during the crushing process, requiring less crushing force and achieving higher crushing efficiency throughout the process.

[0071] The crushed material, after undergoing secondary crushing in the second crushing zone 7, can move downwards along the longitudinal groove and fall to the top of the bottom screening cage 13. When the bottom lifting push rod 14 pushes the screening cage 13 upwards or downwards, the top plate 132 of the rising screening cage 13 is an inclined surface, pushing the crushed material to move towards the other side of the screening cage 13. The crushed material smaller than the screening holes 131 on the surface of the screening cage 13 can be moved downwards through the corresponding screening holes 131.

[0072] Please see Figure 1-7 In this embodiment of the invention, a pressure sensor 15 is provided between the lifting push rod 14 and the screening cage 13 at the connection position. That is, the left pressure sensor detects the weight of the crushed material carried by the left screening cage 13, and the right pressure sensor detects the weight of the crushed material carried by the right screening cage 13.

[0073] When the double-roller adaptive crushing device of this embodiment is started, the material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the first crushing zone 6 by the material conveyor belt. The two crushing shafts 2 rotate relative to each other, causing the material to have a downward movement tendency. After the material is crushed by the two relatively rotating crushing shafts 2, some of the crushed material will fall directly to the top of the left and right screening cages 13, while the other part of the crushed material moves along the tangential direction of the rotation of the crushing teeth 5 to the surface of the support plate 9 and rebounds through the support plate 9. After a first time, the amount of crushed material falling on the surface of the left and right screening cages 13 will gradually increase, and the crushed material can gradually flow downward through the screening holes 131 of the top plate 132 of the screening cage 13. After a first time, the weight of the crushed material remaining at the top is detected by the pressure sensors 15 corresponding to the two screening cages 13. If the weight of the crushed material remaining at the top is not within the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts need to be adjusted to adjust the weight of the crushed material remaining at the top of the two screening cages 13.

[0074] If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage 13 is less than the minimum value of the calibrated first weight range, it can be determined that the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage 13 is too small and is not in the optimal crushing state. Then, by detecting the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts 2, if the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts are the same, the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts 2 are increased to accelerate the crushing speed. If the rotation speeds of the two crushing shafts 2 are different, the rotation speed of the lower-speed crushing shaft is adjusted to the rotation speed of the higher-speed crushing shaft.

[0075] After the second time interval, the weight change at the top of the two screening cages 13 is detected by two pressure sensors 5. If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage 13 is within the first weight range, the two crushing shafts are kept at the stable speed.

[0076] If the weight of the material to be crushed at the top of the screening cage 13 is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced, thereby decreasing the number of materials to be crushed entering the first crushing zone 6. Simultaneously, if the weight of the material to be crushed at the top of the screening cage 13 is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range, and the difference is greater than a first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced at a constant deceleration, gradually decreasing to the target conveying speed, and the materials to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed.

[0077] When the double-roller adaptive crushing device of this embodiment is operating normally, the two opposing crushing shafts squeeze and shear each other, crushing the material to be crushed that enters the first crushing zone 6. The crushed material, after being rebounded by the support plate 9, enters the second crushing zone 7, where it is further crushed by the crushing teeth 5 and side crushing teeth 104 of the crushing shaft 2. After a third time, the lifting push rod 14 moves upward, pushing the left screening cage 13 upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage 13, if the pressure sensor 15 on the left detects that the weight of the crushed material at the top of the left screening cage 13 is greater than the second weight range, it is necessary to mark that the weight of the crushed material at the top of the left screening cage 13 is too high and make the first mark. Then, after the fourth time interval, the lifting push rod 14 pushes the screening cage 13 upward again, and the pressure sensor 15 detects the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage 13 again. If the detected weight of the crushed material still exceeds the second weight range, it is marked as a second time interval. The weight of the same screening cage 13 is then detected again at the fourth time interval. If the weight exceeds the limit in five consecutive tests, it can be considered that the crushing teeth 5 on the surface of the crushing shaft 2 on the left side are worn or damaged. An alarm should be issued by the corresponding reminder device to facilitate the operator to initiate the corresponding maintenance steps. If, in the above five consecutive tests, the weight is lower than the minimum value of the second weight range, the number of consecutive tests already detected in the same test cycle will be reset to zero, and the weight detection process of a single screening cage of the entire double-roll adaptive crushing device needs to be re-tested and the number of tests accumulated.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-roll adaptive crushing device, characterized in that, The device includes a crushing shell, inside which are two horizontally arranged crushing shafts. Several sets of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals on the outer circumference of the crushing shafts. The adjacent crushing teeth of the two crushing shafts are axially staggered. The radially opposite area of ​​the two crushing shafts is the first crushing area, and the area between the crushing shafts and the crushing shell is the second crushing area. A rebound component is provided at the bottom of the crushing shell. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, some of the crushed material is rebounded by the rebound component. The rebounded crushed material enters the second crushing area from the inlet end of the second crushing area. The two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions. After the material to be crushed passes through the first crushing area, it tends to move downward. Some of the material is moved downward to the rebound component by the centrifugal force of the crushing shaft. The rebound component includes several support plates that are connected in sequence and arranged along the inner curved surface of the crushing shell. The center of the curved surface of a single support plate or the center of the curved surface composed of multiple support plates is located at the inlet end of the second crushing area. The side surface of the crushing shell is provided with several longitudinal grooves at intervals, and a side crushing tooth is provided between two adjacent longitudinal grooves. When the object to be crushed passes through the second crushing zone, it comes into contact with the side crushing tooth, and the crushing tooth and the side crushing tooth interact to crush the object in a secondary manner.

2. The double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing tooth includes a mounting base and a crushing tooth body disposed on the outer surface of the crushing shaft, and the insertion direction of the crushing tooth body and the mounting base is perpendicular to the rotational tangent direction of the crushing shaft.

3. The double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main body of the crushing tooth has a top crushing body at the top and a central inclined surface in the middle. The central inclined surface has several side crushing bodies arranged at intervals. The top crushing body and the side crushing bodies form a spatially arranged crushing grid structure. The side crushing tooth includes a bottom plane, a side inclined surface and a central cutting channel. The central cutting channel is a channel that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

4. The double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the support plate is an elastic material layer, and the bottom of the support plate is connected to and elastically supported by the broken shell through an elastomer.

5. The double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the crushing shell is provided with two symmetrical screening cages. The surface of the screening cage is provided with several screening holes. The top surface of the screening cage is curved and is adapted to the inner surface of the crushing shell. The top surface of one screening cage is inclined to the other screening cage.

6. The double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the screening cage is equipped with a lifting push rod, and a pressure sensor is installed between the lifting push rod and the screening cage.

7. A crushing method using a double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S11: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the two crushing shafts by the material conveyor belt. The two crushing shafts rotate in opposite directions and squeeze and shear the material to be crushed. After the crushed material passes through the first crushing area, it moves directly downwards, while the crushed material moves towards the support plate in an inclined direction. The crushed material rebounds against the surface of the support plate and enters the second crushing area after rebounding. Step S22: The surface of the crushing shell is provided with side crushing teeth. When the crushed material that has been elastically rebounded by the support plate is supported and positioned on the bottom plane of the side crushing teeth, the crushing teeth move toward the middle cutting channel of the side crushing teeth to shear and crush the crushed material. Step S33: During the crushing process of the crushing tooth, the front end of the crushing tooth first clamps and positions itself on the surface of the crushing tooth, and the top and side crushing bodies on the surface of the crushing tooth form a spatially arranged crushing grid structure. The crushing grid structure can pressurize and crush the crushing tooth into smaller particles. Step S44: The top crushing body on the surface of the crushing tooth has a concave structure, and the direction of the force at the contact point with the crushed object is constantly changing during the crushing process. Step S55: The crushed material that has undergone secondary crushing in the second crushing zone moves downward along the longitudinal groove and falls to the top of the bottom screening cage. When the screening cage is pushed up or down by the lifting push rod at the bottom, the top surface of the rising screening cage is an inclined surface, which pushes the crushed material to move towards the screening cage on the other side. The crushed material smaller than the screening holes on the surface of the screening cage can move downward through the corresponding screening holes.

8. A detection method for using the double-roll adaptive crushing device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S101: The material to be crushed is conveyed to the top of the first crushing area by the material conveyor belt. With the two crushing shafts rotating in opposite directions, some of the crushed material will fall directly to the top of the left and right screening cages, and some of the crushed material will move to the surface of the support plate along the tangential direction of the crushing teeth rotation and bounce off the support plate. Step S102: After the first time, the amount of broken material falling on the left and right screening cages will gradually increase. The broken material can gradually flow down through the screening holes on the top plate of the screening cage. After the first time, the weight of the broken material remaining at the top is detected by the pressure sensors corresponding to the two screening cages. If the weight of the broken material remaining at the top is not within the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt and the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts need to be adjusted to adjust the weight of the broken material remaining at the top of the two screening cages. Step S103: If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is less than the minimum value of the first weight range, it is determined that the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is too small and is not in the optimal crushing state. Then, by detecting the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts, if the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts is the same, the crushing speed of the two crushing shafts is increased to speed up the crushing speed; if the rotation speed of the two crushing shafts is different, the rotation speed of the lower-speed crushing shaft is adjusted to the rotation speed of the higher-speed crushing shaft. Step S104: After the second time, the weight change at the top of the two screening cages is detected by two pressure sensors. If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is within the first weight range, the two crushing shafts are kept at the stable speed. Step S105: If the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced to decrease the number of materials to be crushed entering the first crushing area; if the weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is greater than the maximum value of the first weight range and the difference is greater than the first threshold, the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt is reduced at a constant deceleration so that the conveying speed of the material conveyor belt gradually decreases to the target conveying speed, and the materials to be crushed are continuously conveyed at the target conveying speed. Step S106: The broken material rebounding from the support plate enters the second crushing zone. The crushing teeth of the crushing shaft and the side crushing teeth crush the broken material in the second crushing zone. After a third time, the lifting push rod moves upward, pushing the left screening cage upward. During the upward movement of the left screening cage, if the pressure sensor on the left detects that the weight of the broken material at the top of the left screening cage is greater than the second weight range, it is necessary to mark that the weight of the broken material at the top of the left screening cage is too heavy and make the first mark. Step S107: After the fourth time interval, the screening cage is pushed upward again by the lifting push rod. The weight of the crushed material at the top of the screening cage is detected again by the pressure sensor. If the weight of the crushed material detected this time still exceeds the second weight range, it is marked as the second time interval. The same screening cage is tested for weight with the fourth time interval as the time interval. If the weight is exceeded in N consecutive tests, where N is an integer, it is determined that the crushing teeth on the surface of the crushing shaft on the left are worn or damaged. An alarm is issued through the corresponding reminder device. Step S108: If, during N consecutive tests, a weight is found to be lower than the minimum value of the second weight range, then all consecutive tests within the same testing cycle will be reset to zero, and the weight testing process will need to be repeated and the number of tests accumulated.

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