Cathode tool, method and system for internal spraying type rotary printing electrolytic machining

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode tool, method and system for internal spraying type rotary printing electrolytic machining, and relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, the cathode tool for internal spraying type rotary printing electrolytic machining comprises a cathode outer ring and a liquid supply assembly, the cathode outer ring is provided with an annular wall, the peripheral surface of the annular wall is provided with a window corresponding to a boss on the surface of an anode workpiece, and the liquid supply assembly is provided with a liquid supply hole; a liquid outlet structure is formed in an area, corresponding to a non-boss part on the surface of the anode workpiece, of the peripheral surface of the annular wall; a liquid outlet of the liquid supply assembly is formed in the annular wall and faces the anode workpiece, the cathode outer ring can rotate relative to the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet extends in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the annular wall, and the bottom end, in the axial direction of the annular wall, of the liquid outlet is not higher than the bottom end, in the axial direction of the annular wall, of the liquid outlet structure. The top end, in the axial direction of the annular wall, of the liquid outlet is not lower than the top end, in the axial direction of the annular wall, of the liquid outlet structure. The liquid supply assembly is used for receiving electrolyte from the outside and supplying the electrolyte to the liquid outlet structure through the liquid outlet. The machining stability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and in particular to a cathode tool, method and system for internal spray type rotary electrolytic machining. Background Art

[0002] As an important load-bearing part of an aircraft engine, the casing has mounting seats and reinforcing rib structures of various shapes distributed on its inner and outer walls. It is a large thin-walled rotating body part with a complex surface. The casing material is mostly difficult-to-process materials such as high-temperature alloys or titanium alloys. Traditional mechanical processing methods have problems such as long processing cycle, high tool cost and easy deformation of workpieces; chemical milling has poor wall thickness accuracy, and the corrosive liquid used is harmful to the human body and the environment; the electrodes and processes used in the block electrolytic processing used abroad are cumbersome. In order to solve such processing problems, some rotary electrolytic processing methods are provided in the relevant technology. However, the workpiece anode and tool cathode in the rotary electrolytic processing methods provided by the relevant technology are completely immersed in the electrolyte in the flushing fixture, and the electrochemical anode dissolution reaction occurs in the flushing fixture, which inevitably produces stray corrosion during the processing. At the same time, the electrolyte flows into the processing area from one side of the flushing fixture and flows out from the other side. Since the various bosses on the surface of the workpiece affect the flow field distribution in the processing area, it is difficult to control the electrolyte in the processing area, thereby affecting the stability of the processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cathode tool, method and system for internal spray rotary electrolytic machining to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and improve machining stability.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrolytic machining, comprising:

[0006] The cathode outer ring has an annular wall, which is a conductor, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall is provided with a window corresponding to the boss on the surface of the anode workpiece, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall is provided with a liquid outlet structure in an area corresponding to the non-boss portion of the surface of the anode workpiece;

[0007] A liquid supply component, wherein the liquid outlet of the liquid supply component is arranged in the annular wall, the liquid outlet faces the anode workpiece, and in a processing state, the cathode outer ring can rotate relative to the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the annular wall, the bottom end of the liquid outlet along the axial direction of the annular wall is not higher than the bottom end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall, and the top end of the liquid outlet along the axial direction of the annular wall is not lower than the top end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall, and the liquid supply component is used to receive electrolyte from the outside and supply electrolyte to the liquid outlet structure through the liquid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid supply assembly includes a cathode inner ring, which is a hollow sleeve-like structure. The cathode inner ring is arranged inside the cathode outer ring, the liquid outlet is opened on the side of the cathode inner ring, and a liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom or top of the cathode inner ring. The cathode inner ring and the cathode outer ring are coaxially arranged, and the cathode outer ring is rotatable relative to the cathode inner ring.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a roller bracket, which is fixedly sleeved outside the annular wall, and a plurality of arc grooves are opened outside the roller bracket, and the arc grooves are arranged parallel to the axis of the annular wall, and sliding rollers are installed in the arc grooves, and the cathode outer ring is sleeved outside the roller bracket and in rolling contact with the sliding rollers.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid outlet structure is a narrow slit or a group of holes opened on the annular wall.

[0011] Preferably, the cathode outer ring further comprises a fixing plate coaxially fixedly arranged at one end of the annular wall; an end surface of one end of the cathode inner ring and an inner wall of the fixing plate are in sliding contact or clearance fit; the cathode inner ring further comprises a first annular extension plate fixedly arranged at one end of the sleeve-like structure;

[0012] The roller bracket is clamped and fixed to the outside of the cathode inner ring or fixedly connected to the first annular extension plate through bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cathode inner ring, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe is constructed with a second annular extension plate extending radially outward, and the second annular extension plate is installed in the annular wall. An annular pressure plate is provided on the outer side of the second annular extension plate, and the annular pressure plate is fixedly connected to the end face of the annular wall and axially limits the second annular extension plate.

[0014] Preferably, annular sealing gaskets are sandwiched between the annular pressure plate and one side of the second annular extension plate, between the other side of the second annular extension plate and the cathode inner ring and the end face of the roller bracket, between one side of the first annular extension plate and the end face of the roller bracket, and between the other side of the first annular extension plate and the fixed plate.

[0015] Preferably, a guide groove is provided on the roller bracket in an area corresponding to the liquid outlet, the arc grooves are provided on both sides of the guide groove, and electrolyte limiting rollers are provided in the arc grooves on both sides of the guide groove.

[0016] The present invention also provides an internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining method, which uses the cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining as described above to electrochemically machine an anode workpiece; comprising:

[0017] During electrolysis, the anode workpiece and the cathode outer ring are driven to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity around their own axes, and at the same time, the cathode tool for internal spray rotary electrolytic machining is driven to step or move continuously toward the anode workpiece.

[0018] The present invention also provides an internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining system, comprising the cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining as described above.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention provides a cathode outer ring that can rotate independently and opens a liquid outlet structure on the cathode outer ring to flush the processing area. There is no need to design a special flushing fixture, which simplifies the processing process. At the same time, the electrolyte is mainly controlled in the middle processing area, which greatly reduces stray corrosion in the non-processing area and improves the localization and forming accuracy of electrolytic processing.

[0021] (2) When the scheme of the present invention is implemented, the electrolyte flow rate in the processing area is not affected by the processing depth and processing characteristics, and the flow field always remains stable, which is suitable for electrolytic machining precision forming of rotating components containing various complex bosses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A half-section diagram of electrolytic machining using the cathode tool for internal spray-type rotary electrolytic machining provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A horizontal cross-sectional view of electrolytic machining using the cathode tool for internal spray-type rotary electrolytic machining provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A vertical cross-sectional view of electrolytic machining using the cathode tool for internal spray-type rotary electrolytic machining provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a roller bracket;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode inner ring;

[0028] In the figure: 1-anode workpiece; 2-cathode outer ring; 3-cathode inner ring; 4-sealing gasket; 5-roller bracket; 6-narrow slit; 7-annular pressure plate; 8-liquid inlet pipe; 9-sliding roller; 10-cathode window; 11-electrolyte limiting roller; 12-boss; 13-guide groove; 14-arc groove; 15-first annular extension plate; 16-sleeve-like structure; 17-liquid outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The present invention provides a cathode tool for internal jet rotary electrolytic machining, comprising: a cathode outer ring 2 and a liquid supply assembly, wherein the cathode outer ring 2 has an annular wall, the annular wall is a conductor, a window corresponding to a boss 12 on the surface of an anode workpiece 1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall, and a liquid outlet structure is provided in an area corresponding to a non-boss 12 portion of the surface of the anode workpiece 1 on the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall; a liquid outlet 17 of the liquid supply assembly is arranged in the annular wall, and the liquid outlet 17 faces the anode workpiece 1. In a machining state, the cathode outer ring 2 can rotate relative to the liquid outlet 17, and the liquid outlet 17 extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the annular wall. The bottom end of the liquid outlet 17 along the axial direction of the annular wall is not higher than the bottom end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall, and the top end of the liquid outlet 17 along the axial direction of the annular wall is not lower than the top end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall. The liquid supply assembly is used to receive electrolyte from the outside and supply electrolyte to the liquid outlet structure through the liquid outlet 17. When in use, the liquid supply assembly does not rotate with the cathode outer ring 2 so that the direction of the liquid outlet is constant toward the anode workpiece 1.

[0034] The present invention provides a cathode outer ring 2 that can rotate independently and opens a liquid outlet structure on the cathode outer ring 2 to flush the processing area. There is no need to design a special flushing fixture, which simplifies the processing process. At the same time, the electrolyte is mainly controlled in the middle processing area, which greatly reduces stray corrosion in non-processing areas and improves the localization and forming accuracy of electrolytic processing.

[0035] In addition, when the scheme of the present invention is implemented, the cathode tool for internal spray rotary electrolytic machining moves toward the anode workpiece 1 to keep the machining distance constant, so that the electrolyte flow rate in the machining area is not affected by the machining depth and machining characteristics, and the flow field always remains stable. It is suitable for electrolytic machining precision forming of rotating components containing various types of complex bosses 12.

[0036] In some embodiments, the liquid supply assembly includes a cathode inner ring 3, which is a hollow sleeve-shaped structure 16. The cathode inner ring 3 is arranged in the cathode outer ring 2. A liquid outlet 17 is opened on the side of the cathode inner ring 3. A liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom or top of the cathode inner ring 3. The cathode inner ring 3 and the cathode outer ring 2 are coaxially arranged, and the cathode outer ring 2 is rotatably arranged relative to the cathode inner ring 3.

[0037] When in use, the cathode inner ring 3 needs to be kept stationary so that the liquid outlet 17 on the side of the cathode inner ring 3 is always aligned with the anode workpiece 1, and only the cathode outer ring 2 is driven to rotate for rotary electrolytic machining.

[0038] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention also include a roller bracket 5, which is fixedly sleeved outside the annular wall. A plurality of arc grooves 14 are opened outside the roller bracket 5. The arc grooves 14 are arranged parallel to the axis of the annular wall. Sliding rollers 9 are installed in the arc grooves 14. The cathode outer ring 2 is sleeved outside the roller bracket 5 and is in rolling contact with the sliding rollers 9.

[0039] This embodiment realizes that the cathode outer ring 2 can be rotatably arranged relative to the cathode inner ring 3. Of course, it is not limited to this embodiment. In some embodiments, the rotation of the cathode outer ring 2 relative to the cathode inner ring 3 can be achieved by opening a spherical groove and arranging balls in the spherical groove. For ease of understanding, the overall structure of the roller bracket 5, the cathode outer ring 2 and the balls or sliding rollers 9 can be imagined as a bearing structure.

[0040] Of course, in other embodiments, the arc groove 14 or the like can be directly opened on the outer wall surface of the cathode inner ring 3, thus saving the structure of the roller bracket 5.

[0041] In some embodiments, the liquid outlet structure is a narrow slit 6 or a group of holes opened on the annular wall. The group of holes is a plurality of holes arranged in an array, and the narrow slit 6 is a narrow opening extending along the axial direction parallel to the annular wall.

[0042] In some embodiments, the cathode outer ring 2 also includes a fixing plate coaxially fixed at one end of the annular wall; the end face at one end of the cathode inner ring 3 and the inner wall of the fixing plate are in sliding contact or clearance fit; the cathode inner ring 3 also includes a first annular extension plate 15 fixed at one end of the sleeve-like structure 16; the roller bracket 5 is clamped and fixed to the outside of the cathode inner ring 3 or fixedly connected to the first annular extension plate 15 by bolts.

[0043] This embodiment achieves the purpose of fixing the roller bracket 5 and the cathode inner ring 3 and allowing the cathode outer ring 2 to rotate independently.

[0044] In some embodiments, a liquid inlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cathode inner ring 3, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe 8 is constructed with a second annular extension plate extending radially outward, and the second annular extension plate is installed in the annular wall. The second annular extension plate is fixedly connected to the cathode inner ring 3 and / or the roller bracket 5, and an annular pressure plate 7 is arranged on the outer side of the second annular extension plate. The annular pressure plate 7 is fixedly connected to the end face of the annular wall and axially limits the second annular extension plate.

[0045] This embodiment can limit the rotational freedom of the liquid inlet pipe 8 so that the cathode inner ring 3 and the roller bracket 5 will not rotate along with the rotation of the cathode outer ring 2 .

[0046] In some embodiments, an annular sealing gasket 4 is sandwiched between the annular pressure plate 7 and one side of the second annular extension plate, between the other side of the second annular extension plate and the cathode inner ring 3 and the end face of the roller bracket 5, between one side of the first annular extension plate 15 and the end face of the roller bracket 5, and between the other side of the first annular extension plate 15 and the fixed plate.

[0047] This embodiment enables the electrolyte in the cathode inner ring 3 to flow out only through the liquid outlet 17 and be supplied to the liquid outlet structure in the corresponding area of ​​the cathode outer ring 2 .

[0048] In some embodiments, a guide groove 13 is provided in the area of ​​the roller bracket 5 corresponding to the liquid outlet 17 , arc grooves 14 are provided on both sides of the guide groove 13 , and electrolyte limiting rollers 11 are provided in the arc grooves 14 on both sides of the guide groove 13 .

[0049] This embodiment realizes limiting the electrolyte outflow area. It can be understood that the position of the electrolyte limiting roller 11 is designed according to needs, that is, before manufacturing the roller bracket 5, the drawing is designed and the position of the arc groove 14 is adjusted according to needs.

[0050] In this embodiment, a plurality of roller brackets 5 are provided, and the positions of the electrolyte limiting rollers 11 of different roller brackets 5 are different, which makes the liquid outlet width on each roller bracket 5 different, thereby facilitating the user to replace different roller brackets 5 according to different processing requirements.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides an internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining method, which uses the cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining described in the first embodiment to electrochemically machine an anode workpiece 1; the method comprises:

[0053] During electrolysis, the anode workpiece 1 and the cathode outer ring 2 are driven to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity around their own axes, and at the same time, the cathode tool for internal spray rotary electrolytic machining is driven to move stepwise or continuously toward the anode workpiece 1.

[0054] Specifically, the method of electrolytically machining the anode workpiece 1 using the cathode tool for internal spraying rotary electrolytic machining as described above is as follows:

[0055] Step 1: The anode workpiece 1 and the cathode outer ring 2 rotate relative to each other at the same angular velocity, the cathode inner ring 3 remains stationary, and the liquid outlet 17 on the cathode inner ring 3 and the guide groove 13 on the roller bracket 5 always face the processing area of ​​the workpiece anode.

[0056] Step 2: The cathode outer ring 2, the cathode inner ring 3, and the electrolyte limiting roller 11 form an electrolyte closed cavity. After the electrolyte enters the cathode inner ring 3 from the electrolyte inlet, it is restricted by the electrolyte limiting roller 11 and flows out from the cathode outer ring 2 to the local narrow gap 6 in the area of ​​the guide groove 13.

[0057] Step 3: The anode workpiece 1 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the cathode outer ring 2 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. While the cathode outer ring 2 and the anode workpiece 1 rotate in opposite directions, the cathode outer ring 2 and the cathode inner ring 3 inside it, the roller bracket 5 and the liquid inlet pipe 8 outside it are fed toward the anode workpiece 1 at a constant speed.

[0058] Step 4: The part of the material of the anode workpiece 1 transferred to the liquid outlet structure undergoes electrochemical dissolution, and a boss 12 is gradually generated at the position corresponding to the cathode window 10 .

[0059] Embodiment 3

[0060] An embodiment of the present invention provides an internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining system, including the cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining described in the first embodiment.

[0061] This embodiment also includes a power supply, a rotation drive device for driving the cathode outer ring 2 and the anode workpiece 1 to rotate in opposite directions, a device for providing electrolyte, etc.

[0062] There is a circular hole in the middle of the fixed plate at the top of the cathode outer ring 2 shown in the figure, and the circular hole is used to connect to the end of the driving shaft. The driving shaft drives the fixed plate to drive the cathode outer ring 2 to rotate, and the driving shaft can close the circular hole. It can be understood that when there are other driving structures, such as a transmission structure is set on the top of the fixed plate to connect the driving shaft, the circular hole can be omitted, that is, a fixed plate without a hole is set to close the top opening of the cathode outer ring 2.

[0063] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining, characterized in that: include: The cathode outer ring has an annular wall, which is a conductor, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall is provided with a window corresponding to the boss on the surface of the anode workpiece, and the outer peripheral surface of the annular wall is provided with a liquid outlet structure in an area corresponding to the non-boss portion of the surface of the anode workpiece; A liquid supply component, wherein the liquid outlet of the liquid supply component is arranged in the annular wall, the liquid outlet faces the anode workpiece, and in a processing state, the cathode outer ring can rotate relative to the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the annular wall, the bottom end of the liquid outlet along the axial direction of the annular wall is not higher than the bottom end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall, and the top end of the liquid outlet along the axial direction of the annular wall is not lower than the top end of the liquid outlet structure along the axial direction of the annular wall, and the liquid supply component is used to receive electrolyte from the outside and supply electrolyte to the liquid outlet structure through the liquid outlet.

2. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid supply assembly includes a cathode inner ring, which is a hollow sleeve-shaped structure. The cathode inner ring is arranged in the cathode outer ring. The liquid outlet is opened on the side of the cathode inner ring. The bottom or top of the cathode inner ring is provided with a liquid inlet. The cathode inner ring and the cathode outer ring are coaxially arranged, and the cathode outer ring is rotatably arranged relative to the cathode inner ring.

3. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a roller bracket, which is fixedly sleeved outside the annular wall, and a plurality of arc grooves are opened outside the roller bracket. The arc grooves are arranged parallel to the axis of the annular wall, and sliding rollers are installed in the arc grooves. The cathode outer ring is sleeved outside the roller bracket and is in rolling contact with the sliding rollers.

4. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet structure is a narrow slit or a group of holes opened on the annular wall.

5. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode outer ring further comprises a fixing plate coaxially fixedly arranged at one end of the annular wall; an end surface of one end of the cathode inner ring and an inner wall of the fixing plate are in sliding contact or clearance fit; the cathode inner ring further comprises a first annular extension plate fixedly arranged at one end of the sleeve-shaped structure; The roller bracket is clamped and fixed to the outside of the cathode inner ring or fixedly connected to the first annular extension plate through bolts.

6. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cathode inner ring, and a second annular extension plate extending radially outward is constructed at one end of the liquid inlet pipe. The second annular extension plate is installed in the annular wall, and the second annular extension plate is fixedly connected to the cathode inner ring and / or the roller bracket. An annular pressure plate is arranged on the outer side of the second annular extension plate, and the annular pressure plate is fixedly connected to the end face of the annular wall and axially limits the second annular extension plate.

7. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: Annular sealing gaskets are sandwiched between the annular pressure plate and one side of the second annular extension plate, between the other side of the second annular extension plate and the cathode inner ring and the end face of the roller bracket, between one side of the first annular extension plate and the end face of the roller bracket, and between the other side of the first annular extension plate and the fixed plate.

8. The cathode tool for internal spray type rotary electrochemical machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide groove is arranged in the area of ​​the roller bracket corresponding to the liquid outlet, the arc grooves are arranged on both sides of the guide groove, and electrolyte limiting rollers are arranged in the arc grooves on both sides of the guide groove.

9. An internal spray type rotary electrochemical processing method, characterized in that: Electrolytic machining of an anode workpiece using the cathode tool for internal spray-type rotary electrolytic machining as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; comprising: During electrolysis, the anode workpiece and the cathode outer ring are driven to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity around their own axes, and at the same time, the cathode tool for internal spray rotary electrolytic machining is driven to step or move continuously toward the anode workpiece.

10. An internal spray type rotary electrochemical processing system, characterized in that: A cathode tool for internal spray-type rotary electrochemical machining comprising the cathode tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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