A laser cutting device for CNC machine tools

Abstract

This invention provides a CNC machine tool laser cutting device, relating to the field of laser cutting. The invention includes a frame; a support platform, disposed on the frame, for supporting and fixing the product to be cut; a laser emitting device, movably disposed on the frame, for laser cutting the product on the support platform; and a cover, disposed on the laser emitting device, for fitting against the product to form an isolation cavity, with the laser emitted by the laser emitting device located within the isolation cavity. The laser emitting device is provided with an air outlet located within the cover, for blowing airflow into the area where the product contacts the laser. The cover is connected to an air outlet to allow the airflow within the isolation cavity to exit the cover. The air pressure within the isolation cavity is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the advantages of energy saving and high processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and in particular to a CNC machine tool laser cutting device. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools, as automated equipment equipped with a program control system, can precisely drive the machine to process various complex parts according to preset program instructions. CNC laser cutting machines are an application of CNC machine tools, offering advantages such as high cutting speed and narrow kerf. They use a high-energy laser beam to act on the material surface, rapidly heating and melting or evaporating the metal to achieve high-precision cutting. Compared to traditional mechanical cutting, CNC laser cutting machines offer significant advantages such as non-contact, deformation-free, high efficiency, and precision during the cutting process, and are widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, and mold making.

[0003] However, existing CNC laser cutting machines often face challenges in energy control during the cutting process. Although laser cutting technology has significantly improved in terms of cutting speed and precision, precise control of laser energy remains difficult. Typically, to ensure the cutting process is not affected by external factors and to avoid incomplete cutting due to insufficient energy, the laser energy is often set relatively high. While this approach guarantees cutting results, it also leads to energy waste and inefficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a laser cutting device for CNC machine tools.

[0005] This application provides a laser cutting device for CNC machine tools, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A CNC machine tool laser cutting device, comprising:

[0007] Frame;

[0008] A support platform, disposed on the frame, is used to support and fix the product to be cut.

[0009] A laser emitting device, movably mounted on the frame, is used for laser cutting of the product on the support platform; and

[0010] A cover is disposed on the laser emitting device and is used to fit against the product so that the cover and the product form an isolation cavity, and the laser emitted by the laser emitting device is located in the isolation cavity;

[0011] The laser emitting device is equipped with an air blowing port located inside the cover, which is used to blow airflow into the contact area between the product and the laser. The cover is connected to an air outlet so that the airflow inside the isolation cavity can be discharged outside the cover. The air pressure inside the isolation cavity is greater than the external atmospheric pressure.

[0012] Preferably, the laser emitting device is used to cut a slit in the product, and the laser emitting device is disposed on the downstream side of the slit;

[0013] And / or, the laser emitting device is provided with a conduit, the conduit is located in the isolation cavity, the air blowing port is located on the conduit facing the product end, and the laser irradiates the product surface through the conduit;

[0014] And / or, the support platform is provided with a retaining edge, the retaining edge and the support platform forming a tank, and the tank is provided with coolant.

[0015] Preferably, the conduit has a sleeve facing the product side, the sleeve is slidably disposed on the conduit along the irradiation direction of the laser, a first elastic element is disposed between the conduit and the sleeve to push the sleeve to abut against the surface of the product, and the sleeve has a notch at the end opposite to the conduit to allow gas inside the conduit to pass through.

[0016] Preferably, the notch faces the upstream side of the cut.

[0017] And / or, at least the portion of the sleeve that comes into contact with the product is made of ceramic material.

[0018] Preferably, the cover includes a sealing body and a spring-loaded component, the spring-loaded component being located between the sealing body and the product, for sealing the gap between the sealing body and the product.

[0019] Preferably, the rebound member includes an elastic unit and a bonding member. The elastic unit is made of an elastic material, one end of which is connected to the sealing body, and the other end is connected to the bonding member.

[0020] A second elastic element is provided between the elastic unit and the sealing body to push the bonding element to bond with the product.

[0021] Preferably, the bonding component is arranged in a ring shape, and friction parts and sealing parts are distributed at intervals on the bonding component from the outer ring to the inner ring direction. The sealing parts are made of elastic rubber material, and the friction parts are made of Teflon material.

[0022] And / or, a plurality of elastic units are provided between the sealing body and the product, and adjacent elastic units are connected end to end and arranged in a circle along the length of the bonding component;

[0023] And / or, a guide rod is provided between the bonding member and the sealing body, the guide rod and the sealing body are slidably engaged in the direction of laser irradiation, and the guide rod is ball-jointed with the bonding member.

[0024] Preferably, the friction part has two rings, and the sealing part is located between the two rings of the friction part.

[0025] Preferably, the friction portions are provided at intervals along the length of the bonding member.

[0026] Preferably, the swing angle at the ball joint between the guide rod and the fitting piece is less than 20 degrees.

[0027] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] This invention effectively encloses the laser-cutting area by setting up a cover, and uses an airflow system within the cover to remove the fumes generated during the laser cutting process. This provides a more stable and optimized gas environment for the laser, reducing energy loss during laser transmission and allowing for more precise laser energy adjustment. It avoids the problem of inconsistent energy control due to uneven laser energy loss. By reducing energy loss, not only is energy waste reduced, but overall processing efficiency is also improved.

[0029] Furthermore, precise control of laser energy helps reduce the expansion of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). An excessively large HAZ can negatively impact the quality of the cut surface and cause thermal deformation of the material, thus affecting machining accuracy. By avoiding excessively high laser energy and thus controlling the size of the HAZ, thermal deformation of the material can be effectively reduced, improving machining accuracy.

[0030] It is worth noting that while excessively high laser energy can accelerate the cutting speed, it may also lead to over-melting or uneven cutting, thus negatively impacting the cutting effect. Conversely, while excessively slow cutting speeds can effectively avoid these problems, they may increase processing time, thereby affecting cutting efficiency. This invention balances the trade-off between cutting speed and cutting quality by precisely controlling laser energy, thereby improving cutting efficiency while ensuring cutting precision.

[0031] During use, clean gas is blown out from the air outlet and comes into contact with the smoke in the laser contact area before being discharged to the outside. Due to the high air pressure inside the isolation chamber, this design helps to form an "airflow barrier," further preventing the entry of external impurities, keeping the cutting area clean, and improving the stability and precision of the cutting process.

[0032] The area being cut is located inside the enclosure, providing a larger gas flow to this area effectively improves heat dissipation and reduces heat buildup. Heat buildup can lead to insufficient precision during laser cutting; therefore, a well-designed airflow system can mitigate the decrease in processing accuracy caused by heat accumulation, thereby improving overall cutting precision and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the support platform;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser emitting device and the housing;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram showing the product when it is fitted with the cover.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the bonding component.

[0040] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0041] 100, frame; 200, support platform; 210, edge guard; 220, trough; 300, laser emitting device; 310, air inlet; 320, conduit; 330, sleeve; 331, notch; 340, first elastic element; 400, cover; 410, isolation cavity; 420, air outlet; 430, sealing body; 440, rebound element; 441, elastic unit; 442, fitting element; 442a, friction part; 442b, sealing part; 443, second elastic element; 450, guide rod; 500, product; 510, cutting seam. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0043] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] As user demands increase, the precision requirements for laser cutting are also rising. When laser cutting thin metal products, localized deformation often occurs, leading to poor product quality. This is especially true in industries with high precision requirements, where localized deformation can generate a large number of defective products, increasing production costs.

[0045] The applicant discovered that the "fumes" generated during laser cutting and the dust in the processing workshop adversely affect the cutting quality. When the laser passes through air containing fumes and dust, significant energy loss occurs. To ensure the laser can effectively cut through metal, the laser energy must be increased. However, higher laser energy leads to an excessively large heat-affected zone, which not only affects the quality of the cut surface but may also cause thermal deformation of the material, thus affecting processing accuracy.

[0046] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a laser cutting device for CNC machine tools. By incorporating a protective enclosure, this device effectively isolates fumes and airborne dust during the cutting process, providing a cleaner laser propagation path and reducing energy loss during transmission. This results in more precise laser energy control, improved processing accuracy, reduced heat-affected zone during cutting, and effectively enhanced cutting quality and production efficiency.

[0047] The following detailed description of a CNC machine tool laser cutting device provided in this application will be based on specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2This application provides a CNC machine tool laser cutting device for cutting thin metal products 500, exemplarily applicable to cutting thin metal sheets. The CNC machine tool laser cutting device includes a frame 100, a support platform 200, a laser emitting device 300, and a housing 400. The frame 100 serves as the mounting base, and the support platform 200, laser emitting device 300, and housing 400 are all mounted on the frame 100.

[0049] The support platform 200 is used to support and fix the product 500 to be cut. When in use, the product 500 to be cut is installed and fixed on the support platform 200, and laser cutting processing can be performed.

[0050] In some designs, a laser emitting device 300 is movably mounted on the frame 100 and used to laser cut the product 500 on the support platform 200. The laser emitting device 300 typically emits a laser for cutting metal, and the direction of the laser beam is usually perpendicular to the support platform 200, or the angle between the laser and the support platform 200 is an acute angle.

[0051] To enable flexible movement of the laser emitting device 300, the frame 100 can be equipped with a first slide extending along the width direction of the support platform 200 and a second slide extending along the length direction of the support platform 200. The first slide is fixed to the frame 100, while the second slide is slidably mounted on the first slide along the width direction of the support platform 200. The laser emitting device 300 is slidably mounted on the second slide and can slide freely along the length direction of the support platform 200, thereby allowing the laser emitting device 300 to move to various positions on the support platform 200. This design facilitates flexible adjustment during laser cutting, enabling the laser to precisely cover the entire area to be cut.

[0052] Furthermore, the sliding structure of the laser emitting device 300 can be adjusted to different positions on the support stage 200 according to cutting requirements, ensuring that uneven or insufficient cutting caused by a fixed position is avoided to a certain extent. Through this structural design, the laser emitting device 300 can complete the cutting task of thin metal plates more efficiently, and the cutting accuracy is expected to be improved to a certain extent.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3In some designs, a housing 400 is positioned on top of the laser emitting device 300 to fit snugly against the product 500, forming an isolation cavity 410 within which the laser emitted by the laser emitting device 300 resides. This isolation cavity 410 effectively controls the environment of the laser cutting area, preventing interference from external air or impurities. The presence of the housing 400 allows the laser to cut in a more stable and controlled environment, effectively reducing laser energy loss due to external interference (such as dust, gases in the air, etc.).

[0054] The laser emitting device 300 is equipped with an air blowing port 310 located inside the housing 400. This port 310 blows airflow into the area where the product 500 contacts the laser. The housing 400 is connected to an air outlet 420, allowing the airflow within the isolation chamber 410 to exit outside the housing 400. The air pressure inside the isolation chamber 410 is higher than the external atmospheric pressure. During operation, clean gas is blown out from the air blowing port 310 and comes into contact with the fumes in the laser contact area before being discharged through the air outlet 420. This process removes fumes generated during laser cutting and any airborne dust. This airflow not only effectively removes fumes but also reduces interference from fumes and dust on the laser transmission path, thereby improving laser transmission efficiency. Due to the removal of these impurities, the laser irradiation path is clearer, allowing for more precise irradiation of the surface of the material to be cut, which improves cutting accuracy and quality to a certain extent.

[0055] Furthermore, the design of the housing 400 and the air inlet 310 effectively reduces laser energy loss during transmission. Because the airflow reduces interference in the transmission path, laser energy loss is minimized, thus significantly improving cutting performance and overall efficiency. This design allows the laser to transmit in a cleaner and more stable environment, reducing errors during cutting and resulting in more precise and efficient cutting.

[0056] The combined design of the enclosure 400 and the laser emitting device 300 ensures that the air pressure inside the isolation chamber 410 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. During use, clean gas is blown out from the air outlet 310 and comes into contact with the smoke in the laser contact area before being discharged to the outside. Due to the high air pressure inside the isolation chamber 410, this design helps to form an "airflow barrier," further isolating the entry of external impurities, keeping the cutting area clean, and improving the stability and precision of the cutting process.

[0057] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5The laser emitting device 300 is used to cut a slit 510 on the product 500, and the laser emitting device 300 is located on the downstream side of the slit 510. For example, when the laser emitting device 300 cuts from left to right, the laser emitting device 300 is located at the right end of the slit 510, that is, on the left side of the enclosure 400. This arrangement ensures that most of the slit 510 is located outside the enclosure 400, thereby preventing a large amount of gas inside the enclosure 400 from escaping through the slit 510 and avoiding the problem of airflow not being able to effectively carry away the flue gas.

[0058] Furthermore, this design places the area being cut inside the housing 400, providing a larger gas flow to that area, effectively improving heat dissipation and reducing heat buildup. Heat buildup can lead to insufficient precision during laser cutting; therefore, a well-designed airflow system can, to some extent, reduce the decrease in processing accuracy caused by heat accumulation, thereby improving overall cutting accuracy and quality.

[0059] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The laser emitting device 300 is equipped with a conduit 320, which is located within the isolation cavity 410. An air outlet 310 is located at the end of the conduit 320 facing the product 500, and the laser beam irradiates the surface of the product 500 through the conduit 320. By providing the conduit 320, the laser is given a dedicated transmission channel within the isolation cavity 410, allowing for more precise irradiation of the surface of the product 500 to be cut. Furthermore, the conduit 320 effectively isolates the laser from the fumes generated during the cutting process, preventing the fumes from obstructing the laser transmission path, thereby ensuring the stability of the laser energy and reducing energy loss.

[0060] This structural design not only optimizes laser transmission efficiency but also improves airflow management during the cutting process. By effectively isolating fumes, the duct 320 ensures a clear path for the laser during transmission, thereby improving the precision and effect of laser cutting and enhancing overall processing quality.

[0061] Understandably, clean gas is injected into the end of the conduit 320 facing away from the product 500, while gas flows out from the end of the conduit 320 facing the product 500, forming an airflow from the inside of the conduit 320 to the surface of the product 500. This design effectively prevents fumes generated during the cutting process from entering the conduit 320. This structure ensures a continuous flow of clean gas, helping to keep the inside of the conduit 320 clean during laser cutting, thus avoiding the impact of fumes on the laser transmission path, reducing energy loss, and ensuring laser precision and cutting results. This airflow management method not only improves laser transmission efficiency but also effectively protects the performance of the laser equipment, ensuring the stability of high-precision cutting.

[0062] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 According to an optional embodiment, the support platform 200 is provided with a retaining edge 210, which, together with the support platform 200, forms a groove 220, within which a coolant is disposed. This design ensures that during the processing of product 500, the cutting area of ​​product 500 is immersed in the coolant, thereby effectively avoiding stress concentration problems caused by heat accumulation during laser cutting. The use of coolant helps to reduce the temperature of the processing area, minimizing material deformation or reduction in cutting quality due to overheating, and further improving cutting accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0063] Meanwhile, the enclosure 400 separates the cutting area from the coolant tank 220, creating a coolant-free processing area. The positive pressure design within the enclosure 400 effectively prevents coolant from entering. This design not only helps maintain the cleanliness of the cutting area during laser cutting but also prevents coolant from contacting the laser cutting area, thus preventing coolant interference with the laser transmission path or causing instability in the cutting effect. This approach not only effectively accelerates the cooling process but also further improves processing quality, ensuring that product 500 maintains good structural stability and precision during cutting.

[0064] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 A sleeve 330 is provided on the side of the conduit 320 facing the product 500. The sleeve 330 is slidably disposed on the conduit 320 along the laser irradiation direction. A first elastic element 340 is provided between the conduit 320 and the sleeve 330 to push the sleeve 330 to abut against the surface of the product 500. A notch 331 is opened on the end of the sleeve 330 away from the conduit 320 to allow gas inside the conduit 320 to pass through. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the sleeve 330 can always fit tightly against the surface of the product 500 through the cooperation of the sleeve 330 and the first elastic element 340, reducing the possibility of fumes entering the conduit 320, thereby effectively preventing fumes from interfering with the laser transmission path during the cutting process and ensuring the accuracy and effect of laser cutting. It can be understood that the first elastic element 340 can be a tension spring.

[0065] The design of notch 331 helps improve the cooling and air blowing effect in the processing area. Through notch 331, cooling gas can flow into the processing area and come into contact with the laser cutting area, thereby carrying away the fumes generated during the cutting process and helping to cool the processing area, preventing material deformation or uneven cutting due to overheating. In this way, the cleanliness of laser cutting can be maintained while effectively improving the cooling effect, ensuring higher cutting accuracy and processing quality.

[0066] For example, the sliding fit between the sleeve 330 and the conduit 320 can be achieved through a structure design with an elastic fit, allowing the sleeve 330 to adjust according to the shape of the product 500 surface during operation, always maintaining close contact with the surface. The first elastic element 340 between the sleeve 330 and the conduit 320 can provide sufficient thrust to ensure that the sleeve 330 does not shift during laser irradiation and can effectively resist the thermal expansion effect that may occur during cutting.

[0067] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The notch 331 faces the upstream side of the cut slit 510. This design helps to prevent coolant from entering the housing 400 through the pre-cut cut slit 510 when the housing 400 is immersed in coolant, thereby keeping the inside of the housing 400 clean and preventing the coolant from adversely affecting the laser transmission path.

[0068] According to an optional embodiment, the sleeve 330, at least for the portion in contact with the product 500, is made of ceramic material. Ceramic materials possess excellent lubrication properties and a low coefficient of friction, effectively reducing friction upon contact with the surface of the product 500 and lowering the risk of wear on the product 500. This design improves smoothness during the cutting process, ensures processing quality, and avoids surface damage caused by friction.

[0069] These structural designs effectively improve cutting performance. Firstly, by orienting the notch 331 towards the upstream side of the cutting kerf 510, the airflow can more effectively reach the cutting area, carrying away fumes and dust generated during laser cutting, reducing their interference with the laser path, and thus improving laser transmission efficiency and cutting precision. Secondly, the use of ceramic materials reduces friction, protects the surface of the product 500, and minimizes potential damage to the product 500, thereby ensuring cutting quality and precision.

[0070] In summary, through reasonable structural design and material selection, the CNC machine tool laser cutting device of this invention has achieved significant optimization effects in terms of improving cutting accuracy, reducing thermal deformation, optimizing airflow path, and protecting the surface of the product. These improvements not only enhance the working efficiency of the equipment but also improve the stability and quality of the processing.

[0071] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4The enclosure 400 includes a sealing body 430 and a spring-loaded component 440. The spring-loaded component 440 is located between the sealing body 430 and the product 500 to seal the gap between them. This design helps to prevent the leakage of fumes and contaminants generated during laser cutting, ensuring a clean environment inside the enclosure 400, improving laser transmission efficiency, and reducing energy loss. Simultaneously, the spring-loaded component 440, through its elasticity, helps to form a tighter contact between the sealing body 430 and the product 500, further enhancing the isolation effect between the enclosure 400 and the product 500.

[0072] According to an optional embodiment, the spring element 440 includes an elastic unit 441 and a bonding element 442. The elastic unit 441 is made of an elastic material, with one end connected to the sealing body 430 and the other end connected to the bonding element 442. The design of the elastic unit 441 gives the spring element 440 a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, enabling it to adapt to minor unevenness or changes that may exist on the surface of the product 500, thereby maintaining a sealing effect. The bonding element 442 enhances the sealing performance by bonding with the surface of the product 500, ensuring that airflow inside the cover 400 does not leak out, and also preventing external air from adversely affecting laser transmission.

[0073] A second elastic element 443 is provided between the elastic unit 441 and the sealing body 430 to push the bonding element 442 into contact with the product 500. The design of the second elastic element 443 ensures that the rebound element 440 can maintain a certain elasticity during long-term use, thereby effectively pushing the bonding element 442 into close contact with the surface of the product 500, further improving the sealing performance. Through this design, the risk of air leakage can be reduced to a certain extent, ensuring that the airflow inside the cover 400 can be effectively guided and discharged, while preventing coolant or other media from entering the cover 400, thus improving the stability and accuracy of the cutting process. It is understood that the sealing described here is a dynamic sealing, that is, the bonding element 422 can still maintain a certain sealing effect during relative movement with the product 500.

[0074] This structural design not only improves the sealing performance of the cover 400, but also enhances the applicability of the device by adapting to different workpiece surfaces through the flexible spring-loaded component 440. During the cutting process, it can effectively reduce the expansion of the heat-affected zone, improve processing accuracy, reduce the risk of product deformation 500, and ultimately achieve more efficient and precise laser cutting results.

[0075] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6The mating part 442 is arranged in a ring shape, and from the outer ring to the inner ring of the mating part 442, friction parts 442a and sealing parts 442b are distributed at intervals on the mating part 442. The sealing part 442b is made of elastic rubber material, and the friction part 442a is made of Teflon material. Through this design, the friction part 442a can reduce the friction between the surface of the cover 400 and the product 500, thereby avoiding excessive friction that could lead to device wear or uneven movement when the cover 400 slides. The low friction characteristics of the Teflon material can effectively reduce energy loss and maintain the flexible movement of the cover 400. The sealing part 442b provides a good sealing effect through the elastic rubber material, forming a tight contact between the cover 400 and the product 500, preventing air leakage, further improving the sealing performance of the isolation cavity 410, and ensuring the cleanliness of the laser transmission path.

[0076] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 Multiple elastic units 441 are provided between the sealing body 430 and the product 500, with adjacent elastic units 441 connected end-to-end and arranged in a circle along the length of the mating part 442. The design of multiple elastic units 441 allows the sealing body 430 to adapt to the different shapes of the product 500 surface, providing better conformability and sealing performance. Each elastic unit 441 can deform independently to a certain extent, so even if there are local depressions or protrusions on the surface of the product 500, it will not affect the overall sealing effect between the cover 400 and the product 500, thereby effectively avoiding air leakage or sealing failure caused by uneven contact. This structure enhances the adaptability of the seal, ensuring that the cover 400 maintains good sealing performance even under different processing conditions, improving the efficiency and precision of laser cutting.

[0077] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 A guide rod 450 is provided between the fitting component 442 and the sealing body 430. The guide rod 450 and the sealing body 430 are slidably engaged in the direction of laser irradiation, and the guide rod 450 is ball-jointed with the fitting component 442. The design of the guide rod 450 serves two purposes: firstly, it provides guidance for the elastic unit 441, ensuring that the elastic unit 441 can deform in a predetermined direction, thereby maintaining good sealing between the cover 400 and the product 500 and ensuring effective airflow control during laser cutting; secondly, the sliding engagement between the guide rod 450 and the fitting component 442 effectively overcomes the friction between the cover 400 and the product 500, preventing the cover 400 from being unable to move smoothly or the elastic unit 441 from bending due to excessive friction, thus avoiding sealing failure.

[0078] The ball joint design between the guide rod 450 and the bonding element 442 offers unique advantages. This design allows the bonding element 442 to rotate to a certain extent around the guide rod 450 as the housing 400 moves horizontally relative to the product 500, resulting in a tighter fit between the housing 400 and the product 500, especially on the downstream side. As the housing 400 moves downstream along the cutting path, the contact pressure between the bonding element 442 and the surface of the product 500 on the downstream side of the housing 400's movement direction increases, thereby enhancing the sealing effect and effectively scraping away any coolant or other impurities that may be present on the surface of the product 500, preventing these substances from entering the housing 400 and maintaining the cleanliness of the laser cutting area.

[0079] Meanwhile, the ball joint design between the guide rod 450 and the fitting part 442 allows the upstream side of the cover 400 to maintain relatively low pressure. This reduces the friction between the cover 400 and the product 500, making the movement of the cover 400 smoother and thus improving its flexibility and stability. This design not only optimizes the sealing effect but also ensures that the cover 400 can smoothly follow the shape changes of the product 500 surface throughout the laser cutting process, improving cutting accuracy and efficiency.

[0080] According to an optional embodiment, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 The friction part 442a has two rings, and the sealing part 442b is located between the two rings of friction part 442a. This design allows the double-ring structure of the friction part 442a to provide a more stable and uniform frictional force, effectively reducing the relative motion friction between the cover 400 and the surface of the product 500, and preventing jamming or uneven pressure distribution during the movement of the cover 400. Simultaneously, the double-ring structure of the friction part 442a can better adapt to the minute deformations of the product 500 surface, ensuring that the cover 400 maintains good sealing performance under different surface conditions.

[0081] According to an optional embodiment, multiple friction portions 442a are spaced apart along the length of the mating member 442. The multiple spaced friction portions 442a enable more flexible following, especially when the surface of the product 500 has an irregular shape or local protrusions. The spaced design of the friction portions 442a effectively avoids excessive local contact or compression, thus ensuring that the cover 400 can always stably adhere to the surface of the product 500. In contrast, if the friction portions 442a were a ring-shaped structure with ends connected, some parts of the cover 400 might not be able to follow and adhere tightly to the surface of the product 500 when facing local protrusions or irregular shapes, resulting in poor sealing. Therefore, by spacedly providing multiple friction portions 442a, the following of the cover 400 can be significantly improved, ensuring wider adaptability and a more uniform sealing effect. It is understood that the friction portions 442a generally have higher strength, and the spaced friction portions 442a facilitate deformation of the mating member 442.

[0082] According to an optional embodiment, the swing angle at the ball joint between the guide rod 450 and the mating component 442 is less than 20 degrees. Controlling the swing angle between the guide rod 450 and the mating component 442 effectively prevents the mating component 442 from rotating too much relative to the guide rod 450, which could lead to a failure of the sealing effect. By limiting the swing angle within a certain range, it is ensured that the cover 400 and the product 500 always maintain appropriate contact pressure, thereby maintaining the seal and effectively preventing air or smoke from entering the interior of the cover 400. In addition, appropriate angle limitation can also reduce friction, ensuring that the cover 400 moves smoothly and flexibly, further improving the cutting effect and accuracy.

[0083] During the movement of the cover 400 relative to the product 500, due to the pressure distribution difference at the contact points between the bonding component 442 and the product 500, the bonding component 442 closer to the downstream side of the cover 400 relative to the product 500 experiences greater contact pressure, while the bonding component 442 closer to the upstream side of the cover 400 relative to the product 500 experiences less contact pressure. This design, through reasonable pressure variation, ensures that the cover 400 maintains good contact with the surface of the product 500 throughout the movement, avoiding seal failure due to insufficient or excessive local pressure, thereby improving airflow control and processing accuracy during laser cutting.

[0084] Specifically, as the cover 400 moves relative to the product 500, the deformation of the contact surface and the change in local pressure result in different distributions of the contact force between the mating part 442 and the surface of the product 500. The contact pressure on the downstream side is higher, which ensures the sealing of this area, prevents gas leakage, and effectively prevents fumes or dust from escaping from the cut seam 510. The lower contact pressure on the upstream side helps reduce friction and avoids unnecessary wear or resistance caused by excessive pressure during the movement of the cover 400, thereby improving the smoothness of the movement.

[0085] Through this optimized pressure design, the housing 400 can stably adhere to the surface of the product 500 throughout the cutting process, preventing seal failure caused by excessive or insufficient local pressure. This improves airflow control during laser cutting, ensures a cleaner laser transmission path, and reduces energy loss. Furthermore, this design helps improve processing accuracy, ensuring the laser precisely irradiates the target area and preventing uneven cutting or excessively large heat-affected zones due to poor or uneven sealing.

[0086] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A numerically controlled machine tool laser cutting device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a laser cutting device, which comprises: a frame (100); a support table (200) arranged on the frame (100) for supporting and fixing a product (500) to be cut; a laser emitting device (300) movably arranged on the frame (100) for laser cutting the product (500) on the support table (200); and a cover (400) arranged on the laser emitting device (300) for being attached to the product (500) so that the cover (400) and the product (500) form an isolated cavity (410) in which the laser emitted by the laser emitting device (300) is located; wherein the laser emitting device (300) is provided with a blowing port (310) located in the cover (400) for blowing air flow to the contact area between the product (500) and the laser, the cover (400) is connected with an air outlet (420) for discharging the air flow in the isolated cavity (410) to the outside of the cover (400), and the air pressure in the isolated cavity (410) is greater than the atmospheric pressure outside; the laser emitting device (300) is provided with a conduit (320) located in the isolated cavity (410), the blowing port (310) is located at the end of the conduit (320) facing the product (500), and the laser is irradiated to the surface of the product (500) through the conduit (320); the cover (400) comprises a sealing body (430) and a resilient member (440), the resilient member (440) is located between the sealing body (430) and the product (500) for sealing the gap between the sealing body (430) and the product (500); the resilient member (440) comprises an elastic unit (441) and an attachment member (442), the elastic unit (441) is made of an elastic material, one end of the elastic unit (441) is connected with the sealing body (430), and the other end of the elastic unit (441) is connected with the attachment member (442); a second elastic member (443) is arranged between the elastic unit (441) and the sealing body (430) for pushing the attachment member (442) to be attached to the product (500); the conduit (320) is provided with a sleeve (330) on the side facing the product (500), the sleeve (330) is slidably arranged on the conduit (320) along the irradiation direction of the laser, a first elastic member (340) is arranged between the conduit (320) and the sleeve (330) for pushing the sleeve (330) to abut against the surface of the product (500), and a notch (331) is formed in the end of the sleeve (330) away from the conduit (320) for allowing the gas in the conduit (320) to pass through. The fitting part (442) is annularly arranged, and friction parts (442a) and sealing parts (442b) are arranged on the fitting part (442) in the direction from the outer ring to the inner ring of the fitting part (442), the sealing parts (442b) are made of elastic rubber material, and the friction parts (442a) are made of Teflon material; A plurality of elastic units (441) are arranged between the sealing body (430) and the product (500), and adjacent elastic units (441) are connected end to end and arranged along the length direction of the fitting part (442) to form a ring; A guide rod (450) is arranged between the fitting part (442) and the sealing body (430), the guide rod (450) and the sealing body (430) are slidingly connected in the irradiation direction of the laser, and the guide rod (450) and the fitting part (442) are ball connected.

2. A laser cutting device for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitting device (300) is used for cutting a cutting seam (510) on the product (500), and the laser emitting device (300) is arranged on the downstream side of the cutting seam (510).

3. The laser cutting device for CNC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support table (200) is provided with a baffle (210), the baffle (210) and the support table (200) form a groove (220), and the groove (220) is provided with cooling liquid.

4. A laser cutting device for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The notch (331) is towards the upstream side of the cutting seam (510).

5. The laser cutting apparatus for CNC machine according to claim 1, wherein, The part of the sleeve (330) used for contacting the product (500) is made of ceramic material.

6. A laser cutting device for CNC machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction parts (442a) are arranged in two rings, and the sealing parts (442b) are located between the two rings of the friction parts (442a).

7. A laser cutting device for CNC machine according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The friction parts (442a) are arranged in multiple in the length direction of the fitting part (442).

8. The laser cutting apparatus for CNC machine according to claim 1, wherein, The swing angle of the ball joint between the guide rod (450) and the fitting part (442) is less than 20 degrees.

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