Whole vehicle thermal management system and method and electric engineering vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole vehicle thermal management system and method and an electric engineering vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of oil-electricity hybrid power engineering machine.The system comprises a TMS, a power battery and an engine, the TMS and the power battery are connected through a battery cooling pipeline, a motor water pump is arranged on the battery cooling pipeline, and a water path temperature sensor is arranged on the water inlet side of the TMS; a battery temperature sensor is installed in the power battery, a water inlet of the engine is communicated with a water outlet of the fuel heater, a water inlet of the fuel heater is communicated with a water outlet of the power battery through a water valve a, and a water outlet of the engine is communicated with a water inlet of the motor water pump through a water valve b. The waterway temperature sensor and the battery temperature sensor are connected with the signal input end of the VCU, and the signal output end of the VCU is electrically connected with the fuel heater, the water valve a, the motor water pump, the water valve b and a switch of the TMS. The temperature of the lithium power battery can be rapidly increased, and the engine can be rapidly started.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a whole vehicle thermal management system, method and electric engineering vehicle, belonging to the technical field of oil-electric hybrid power engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, pure electric machinery powered by lithium batteries has developed rapidly. However, for large-tonnage excavators, the load power is large, the charging is slow, the cost is high, and continuous operation cannot be guaranteed. Hybrid power is the best choice. Hybrid power can not only work continuously but also consumes less energy than pure fuel vehicles. However, in extremely cold areas, lithium-powered batteries cannot work normally, causing the engine to fail to start.

[0003] When ordinary oil-electric hybrid excavators (non-range extension and plug-in hybrid) are used in extremely cold areas to start the engine through the ISG motor, the discharge current of the lithium power battery is small or even does not discharge due to the low temperature characteristics of the lithium power battery, resulting in the inability to start the engine. In order to increase the discharge current of the lithium power battery, the battery temperature must be increased. Currently, there are two ways to heat the battery. One is electric heating, which has a small heating current and a slow heating speed. The second is PTC water heating, which has a large heating power demand and requires the lithium power battery to heat itself electrically. Under low battery temperature conditions, the battery discharge current is small, so PTC heating cannot be used. In summary, the current lithium power battery cannot quickly increase the battery temperature through electric heating or PTC heating, which affects the rapid start of the engine. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a vehicle thermal management system, method and electric engineering vehicle, which can quickly increase the battery temperature of the lithium power battery and quickly start the engine.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management system, including a TMS, a power battery and an engine, wherein the TMS is connected to the power battery through a battery cooling pipeline, a motor water pump is arranged on the battery cooling pipeline, a water circuit temperature sensor is arranged on the water inlet side of the TMS, a battery temperature sensor is installed in the power battery, the engine is started by an ISG motor, the power battery supplies power to the ISG motor, the engine water inlet is connected to the fuel heater water outlet, the fuel heater water inlet is connected to the power battery water outlet through a water valve a, and the engine water outlet is connected to the motor water pump water inlet through a water valve b; the water circuit temperature sensor and the battery temperature sensor are connected to the signal input end of the VCU, and the signal output end of the VCU is electrically connected to the fuel heater, the water valve a, the motor water pump, the water valve b and the switch of the TMS.

[0007] The water valve a is a proportional valve.

[0008] The water valve b is a proportional valve.

[0009] The engine water outlet is communicated with the HVAC water inlet, and the HVAC water outlet is communicated with the fuel heater water inlet.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method, based on the vehicle thermal management system, applied before the vehicle is started, comprising the following steps:

[0011] When the vehicle is not started, the key is powered on, the vehicle self-checks, and the VCU receives the battery average temperature value Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor;

[0012] When the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery heating temperature value t1, the VCU controls the fuel heater and the motor water pump to start, and controls the closing of water valve a and water valve b to heat the power battery through the fuel heater and provide heat for the HVAC;

[0013] The temperature of the power battery continues to rise. When the battery heating temperature value t1 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the fuel heater opening temperature value t2, the fuel heater continues to heat the power battery;

[0014] When the fuel heater reduces the opening temperature value t2 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery temperature reaches the engine start temperature value t3, the VCU controls the water valve a and the water valve b to reduce the opening;

[0015] When the battery average temperature value Ta≥battery temperature reaches the engine starting temperature value t3, VCU controls water valve a and water valve b to close. At this time, the battery temperature reaches the starting discharge current requirement. After starting the engine, VCU controls the fuel heater and motor water pump to close.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method, wherein the vehicle thermal management system is applied after the vehicle is started, and comprises the following steps:

[0017] The vehicle has been started. If the average battery temperature Ta is lower than the optimal operating temperature range, the VCU controls the water valve a and the water valve b to be turned on, and at the same time controls the motor water pump to be turned on, using the engine's cooling water to continuously heat the power battery until it reaches the optimal operating temperature range.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method, based on the vehicle thermal management system, applied after the vehicle is started, comprising the following steps:

[0019] The temperature of the power battery will increase during use, and the VCU receives the battery maximum temperature Tmax and battery average temperature Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor;

[0020] When the maximum battery temperature Tmax> the maximum battery cooling temperature t4 and the average battery temperature Ta≥ the average battery cooling temperature t5, the VCU controls the TMS to turn on the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump to turn on;

[0021] When the battery starts the self-circulation minimum temperature value t6 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery starts the cooling average temperature value t5, the VCU controls the TMS to maintain the cooling cycle mode;

[0022] When the battery average temperature value Ta is less than the battery self-circulation minimum temperature value t6, the VCU controls the TMS to turn off the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump to turn off.

[0023] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides an electric engineering vehicle equipped with the battery-swap box and box-swap control system.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a vehicle thermal management system, method and electric engineering vehicle. When the vehicle is in an extremely cold environment, the lithium power battery cannot work due to low temperature, and the engine cannot be started through the ISG. At this time, the fuel heater is started to quickly heat the engine and the lithium power battery. When the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a level that allows large current discharge, the lithium power battery is used to power the ISG motor to start the engine. In addition, the VCU can control the flow of the proportional water valve a and the proportional water valve b by detecting the temperature of the battery temperature sensor, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the battery to remain in an optimal state.

[0025] The engine water outlet is connected with the HVAC water inlet, and the HVAC water outlet is connected with the fuel heater water inlet. The heated engine coolant can provide heat for the air-conditioning system, quickly increasing the heating speed of the air-conditioning system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle thermal management system according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process flow of thermal management heating control for a whole vehicle according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process flow of thermal management refrigeration control for a whole vehicle according to the present invention;

[0029] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-engine; 2-fuel heater; 3-TMS; 4-power battery; 5-HVAC; 6-water valve a; 7-water circuit temperature sensor; 8-motor water pump; 9-ISG motor; 10-battery temperature sensor; 11-water valve b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management system, including TMS3, power battery 4 and engine 1. TMS3 is a battery water cooling system, which is used to cool the battery when the temperature is high and heat it when the temperature is low. The power battery 4 provides power for engine startup and load mutation. The engine 1 serves as the power source of the vehicle and provides a heating source for the lithium power battery and the air conditioning system.

[0033] TMS3 is connected to the power battery 4 through a battery cooling pipeline. A motor water pump 8 is provided on the battery cooling pipeline. A water circuit temperature sensor 7 is provided on the water inlet side of TMS3 for monitoring the water circuit temperature. A battery temperature sensor 10 is installed in the power battery 4 for monitoring the temperature of the power battery 4. The engine 1 is started by the ISG motor 9. The ISG motor 9 is an integrated starter and generator for starting the engine or charging the lithium power battery. The power battery 4 supplies power to the ISG motor 9. The water inlet of the engine 1 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel heater 2. The water inlet of the fuel heater 2 is connected to the water outlet of the power battery 4 through the water valve a6. The fuel heater 2 heats the engine and battery coolant by combustion at low temperatures. The water outlet of the engine 1 is connected to the water inlet of the motor water pump 8 through the water valve b11.

[0034] The water circuit temperature sensor 7 and the battery temperature sensor 10 are connected to the signal input end of the VCU (vehicle control unit), and the signal output end of the VCU is electrically connected to the switch of the fuel heater 2, the water valve a6, the motor water pump 8, the water valve b11 and the TMS3. In the present invention, the water valve a6 and the water valve b11 are both proportional valves, which can adjust the valve core opening to achieve the flow condition. In addition, the water outlet of the engine 1 is connected to the water inlet of the HVAC5, and the water outlet of the HVAC5 is connected to the water inlet of the fuel heater 2. The heated engine coolant can provide heat for the air conditioning system and quickly increase the heating speed of the air conditioning system.

[0035] The present invention receives temperature signals from the water circuit temperature sensor 7 and the battery temperature sensor 10 through the VCU, controls the switches of the fuel heater 2, the water valve a6, the motor water pump 8, the water valve b11 and the TMS3, heats the engine and battery coolant through the fuel heater, controls the flow entering the lithium power battery through the proportional solenoid valve, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the battery, and realizing heating of the lithium power battery in a low temperature environment.

[0036] In the present invention, when the vehicle is in an extremely cold environment, the lithium power battery cannot work due to low temperature, and the engine cannot be started through the ISG. At this time, the fuel heater is started to quickly heat the engine and the lithium power battery. When the temperature of the lithium battery reaches a level that allows large current discharge, the lithium power battery is used to power the ISG motor to start the engine. In addition, the VCU can control the flow of the proportional water valve a and the proportional water valve b by detecting the temperature of the battery temperature sensor, thereby controlling the internal temperature of the battery to remain in an optimal state.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method based on Example 1, which is applied before the vehicle is started, and includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: When the vehicle is not started, the key is powered on, the vehicle performs a self-check, and the VCU receives the battery average temperature value Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor.

[0040] Step 2: When the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery heating temperature value t1, the VCU controls the fuel heater and the motor water pump to start, and controls the closing of water valve a and water valve b to heat the power battery through the fuel heater and provide heat for the HVAC.

[0041] Step 3: The temperature of the power battery continues to rise. When the battery heating temperature value t1 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the fuel heater opening temperature value t2, the fuel heater continues to heat the power battery.

[0042] Step 4: When the fuel heater reduces the opening temperature value t2 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery temperature reaches the engine start temperature value t3, the VCU controls the water valve a and the water valve b to reduce the opening.

[0043] Step 5, when the battery average temperature value Ta≥battery temperature reaches the engine starting temperature value t3, VCU controls water valve a and water valve b to close. At this time, the battery temperature reaches the starting discharge current requirement. After starting the engine, VCU controls the fuel heater and motor water pump to close.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] The present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method based on Example 1, which is applied after the vehicle is started, and includes the following steps: the vehicle has been started, if the battery average temperature value Ta is lower than the optimal operating temperature range, the VCU controls the water valve a and the water valve b to be connected, and at the same time controls the motor water pump to be turned on, and uses the engine's cooling water to continuously heat the power battery until it reaches the optimal operating temperature range.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management method based on Example 1, which is applied after the vehicle is started, and includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: The temperature of the power battery will increase during use, and the VCU receives the battery maximum temperature Tmax and battery average temperature Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor.

[0049] Step 2: When the maximum battery temperature Tmax>the maximum battery cooling temperature t4 and the average battery temperature Ta≥the average battery cooling temperature t5, the VCU controls the TMS to turn on the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump to turn on.

[0050] Step 3: When the battery self-circulation minimum temperature t6 ≤ the battery average temperature Ta < the battery cooling average temperature t5, the VCU controls the TMS to maintain the cooling cycle mode;

[0051] Step 4: When the battery average temperature value Ta is less than the battery self-circulation minimum temperature value t6, the VCU controls the TMS to turn off the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump to turn off.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] This embodiment provides an electric engineering vehicle equipped with the battery-swap box control system of Embodiment 1.

[0054] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle thermal management system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a TMS (3), a power battery (4) and an engine (1), wherein the TMS (3) and the power battery (4) are connected via a battery cooling pipeline, a motor water pump (8) is arranged on the battery cooling pipeline, a water channel temperature sensor (7) is arranged on the water inlet side of the TMS (3), a battery temperature sensor (10) is installed in the power battery (4), the engine (1) is started by an ISG motor (9), the power battery (4) supplies power to the ISG motor (9), and the water inlet of the engine (1) is connected to the ISG motor (9). The fuel heater (2) is connected to a water outlet, the fuel heater (2) is connected to a water outlet of the power battery (4) through a water valve a (6), and the engine (1) is connected to a water inlet of the motor water pump (8) through a water valve b (11); the water circuit temperature sensor (7) and the battery temperature sensor (10) are connected to a signal input end of the VCU, and the signal output end of the VCU is electrically connected to the fuel heater (2), the water valve a (6), the motor water pump (8), the water valve b (11) and the switch of the TMS (3).

2. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water valve a (6) is a proportional valve.

3. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water valve b (11) is a proportional valve.

4. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water outlet of the engine (1) is in communication with the water inlet of the HVAC (5), and the water outlet of the HVAC (5) is in communication with the water inlet of the fuel heater (2).

5. A vehicle thermal management method, based on the vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Applied before starting the vehicle, including the following steps: When the vehicle is not started, the key is powered on, the vehicle performs a self-check, and the VCU receives the battery average temperature value Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor (10); When the battery average temperature value Ta is less than the battery heating start temperature value t1, the VCU controls the fuel heater (2) and the motor water pump (8) to start, and controls the water valve a (6) and the water valve b (11) to close, so as to heat the power battery (4) through the fuel heater (2) and provide heat for the HVAC (5); The temperature of the power battery (4) continues to rise, and when the battery heating temperature value t1 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the fuel heater reduced opening temperature value t2, the fuel heater (2) continues to heat the power battery (4); When the fuel heater reduces the opening temperature value t2 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery temperature reaches the engine start temperature value t3, the VCU controls the water valve a (6) and the water valve b (11) to reduce the opening; When the battery average temperature value Ta≥the battery temperature reaches the engine starting temperature value t3, the VCU controls the water valve a (6) and the water valve b (11) to close. At this time, the battery temperature reaches the starting discharge current requirement. After starting the engine, the VCU controls the fuel heater (2) and the motor water pump (8) to close.

6. A vehicle thermal management method, based on the vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the vehicle is started, the following steps are included: The vehicle has been started. If the average battery temperature Ta is lower than the optimal operating temperature range, the VCU controls the water valve a (6) and the water valve b (11) to be turned on, and at the same time controls the motor water pump (8) to be turned on, so as to use the cooling water of the engine (1) to continuously heat the power battery (4) until the optimal operating temperature range is reached.

7. A vehicle thermal management method, based on the vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the vehicle is started, the following steps are included: The temperature of the power battery (4) increases during use, and the VCU receives the battery maximum temperature Tmax and the battery average temperature Ta collected by the battery temperature sensor (10); When the maximum battery temperature Tmax>the maximum battery cooling temperature t4 and the average battery temperature Ta≥the average battery cooling temperature t5, the VCU controls the TMS (3) to turn on the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump (8) to turn on; When the battery self-circulation minimum temperature value t6 ≤ the battery average temperature value Ta < the battery cooling average temperature value t5, the VCU controls TMS (3) to maintain the cooling cycle mode; When the battery average temperature value Ta is less than the battery self-circulation minimum temperature value t6, the VCU controls the TMS (3) to turn off the cooling mode and controls the motor water pump (8) to turn off.

8. An electric engineering vehicle, characterized in that: Equipped with a battery swap box and box swap control system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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