Rapid braking device and rapid braking method suitable for small boat

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick braking device and method suitable for a small boat, and the device comprises a main body structure which is movably disposed on the small boat. The water flow channel is arranged in the main body structure; the water inlet is positioned at one end of the water flow channel; the water outlet is positioned at the other end of the water flow channel; the driving mechanism is used for driving the main body structure to move and changing the positions of the water inlet and the water outlet relative to the water surface; when the braking device is in a braking state, the water inlet is located below the water surface, the water outlet is located above the water surface, the water inlet faces the sailing direction of the small boat, water enters the water flow channel from the water inlet, the water flow channel enables the flowing direction of the water to be reversed, and then the water flows out of the water outlet. When the braking device is in the non-braking state, the water inlet and the water outlet are both located above the water surface, so that rapid and effective braking of the small boat is achieved, and the small boat braking device has high reliability and applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, in particular to a rapid braking device and a rapid braking method suitable for a small boat. Background Art

[0002] When a small boat is sailing in the ocean environment, it faces complex marine conditions and often encounters unpredictable situations, such as wind and waves, shoals, reefs, etc. These factors may affect the navigation safety and stability of the small boat. In an emergency, being able to quickly and effectively control the speed of the small boat is crucial to avoid accidents and ensure the safety of the passengers.

[0003] There are many small boat braking technologies on the market, such as inertial parking, emergency anchoring, full-speed reverse, hull sideways swing and even full rudder steering in circles. However, among these technologies, inertial parking requires a long braking distance; emergency anchoring is suitable for low-speed sailing and has requirements for seabed anchor points; full-speed reverse has a slow response and is harmful to the power system, or requires a special reversing gearbox or variable propeller blades; hull sideways swing and even full rudder steering in circles require frequent operations that test the driver's level and also require a large operating space in the width direction of the hull.

[0004] The above braking methods may not work quickly in an emergency situation or may not meet the braking needs in some cases. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a rapid braking device and a rapid braking method suitable for a small boat, thereby achieving rapid and effective braking of the small boat, and having high reliability and applicability.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A quick braking device suitable for a small boat, comprising:

[0008] a main structure, movably mounted on the boat;

[0009] A water flow channel is arranged in the main structure;

[0010] A water inlet, located at one end of the water flow channel;

[0011] a water outlet, located at the other end of the water flow channel;

[0012] A driving mechanism, used for driving the main structure to move and change the positions of the water inlet and the water outlet relative to the water surface;

[0013] Wherein, when the braking device is in a braking state, the water inlet is located below the water surface, the water outlet is located above the water surface, the water inlet faces the sailing direction of the boat, so that water enters the water flow channel from the water inlet, and the water flow channel reverses the flow direction of the water body and then flows out from the water outlet.

[0014] When the braking device is in a non-braking state, the water inlet and the water outlet are both located above the water surface.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0016] The water outlet and the water inlet are located on the same side of the main structure and face the same direction.

[0017] The cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet.

[0018] The curved path of the water flow channel is C-shaped, and the inner wall surface of the water flow channel is a smoothly transitioned curved surface.

[0019] The main structure is rotatably connected to the boat, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the main structure to rotate relative to the boat, thereby changing the positions of the water outlet and the water inlet relative to the water surface.

[0020] The invention comprises a hinged part, the hinged part is arranged on the main structure, the hinged part is rotatably connected with the boat, the water outlet is located between the hinged part and the water inlet, the driving mechanism comprises a winch installed on the boat, a first cable is arranged on the winch of the winch, and the end of the first cable is connected with the main structure;

[0021] Among them, when the winch tightens the first cable, the main structure rotates so that the water outlet and the water inlet are both located above the water surface; when the winch loosens the first cable, the main structure rotates under the action of its own gravity, so that the water inlet is located below the water surface and the water outlet is located above the water surface.

[0022] It also includes a limiting structure for limiting the extreme angle of rotation of the main structure when in a braking state.

[0023] The limiting structure includes a group of second cables, one end of the second cables is fixedly connected to the boat, and the other end of the second cables is fixedly connected to the main structure at the water inlet. In the non-braking state, the second cables are in a relaxed state. In the braking state, when the main structure rotates to the extreme angle, the second cables are in a taut state.

[0024] A drainage structure is provided on the main structure at the middle of the water flow channel, the drainage structure includes a drainage hole connecting the water flow channel with the outside, a cover plate is hingedly installed on the main structure, the cover plate matches the drainage hole, and the cover plate and the main structure are elastically connected by an elastic reset member;

[0025] In the braking state, water flows through the drainage structure to push the cover plate to overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset member to cover the drainage hole. When the water outlet and the water inlet are both above the water surface, the elastic reset member overcomes the gravity of the water in the water flow channel to open the cover plate.

[0026] A rapid braking method applicable to a small boat comprises the following steps:

[0027] After receiving the braking signal, the control system of the boat controls the driving mechanism to drive the main structure on the boat to move, so that the water inlet on the main structure is located below the water surface, and the water outlet on the main structure is located above the water surface;

[0028] Under the relative movement of the boat and the water body, the water body enters the water flow channel in the main structure from the water inlet, and under the guidance of the water flow channel, the flow direction of the water body is reversed and then flows out from the water outlet. The water body applies a braking force to the boat through the main structure, so that the boat is stopped.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. A main structure that plays a water-blocking role when braking is arranged on the boat, and a water flow channel is arranged in the main structure. When the boat brakes, water enters the water flow channel and reverses its direction while participating in the braking, so that a large braking force is quickly applied to the boat, thereby realizing rapid and effective braking of the boat, and having high reliability and applicability.

[0031] At the same time, the present invention also has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) The cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet. The water body enters the water flow channel and accelerates in the reverse direction. The water flow channel is used to block water while realizing the reverse jet of the water body, thereby improving the water blocking effect of the braking device and thus improving the braking efficiency.

[0033] (2) During the braking state start-up process, the contact area between the water inlet and the water is gradually and rapidly increased through the rotation of the main structure, thereby achieving a smooth and rapid start-up of the braking state.

[0034] (3) The main structure is hinged to the boat through a hinged part located on one side of the main structure, and the main structure is driven to rotate by the winch to retract and release the first cable combined with the main structure's own gravity, thereby reducing system energy consumption and improving the structural stability of the driving mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the braking device of the present invention when it is in a braking state.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the braking device of the present invention when it is in a non-braking state.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the braking device of the present invention (non-braking state).

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the braking device of the present invention (braking state).

[0040] Figure 6 This is a curve showing the change of speed and distance over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of one embodiment of the present invention is 7.2.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a curve showing the change of braking force over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 7.2.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a curve showing the change of speed and distance over time when the comparative braking coefficient of the braking device of one embodiment of the present invention is 1.

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a curve showing the change of braking force over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 1.

[0044] Fig.10 This is a curve showing changes in speed and distance over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 12.1.

[0045] Fig.11 This is a curve showing the change of braking force over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 12.1.

[0046] Fig.12 This is a curve showing the change of speed and distance over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 22.05.

[0047] Fig.13 This is a curve showing the change of braking force over time when the braking coefficient of the braking device of an embodiment of the present invention is 22.05.

[0048] Among them: 1. small boat; 2. main structure; 21. water inlet; 22. water outlet; 23. water flow channel; 3. driving mechanism; 31. first cable; 4. hinged part; 5. limiting structure; 51. second cable; 6. drainage structure; 61. cover plate; 62. drainage hole; 63. elastic reset part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the rapid braking device suitable for a small boat of this embodiment includes a main structure 2, a water flow channel 23, a water inlet 21, a water outlet 22 and a driving mechanism 3.

[0052] A main structure 2 is movably mounted on the boat 1;

[0053] A water flow channel 23 is provided in the main structure 2;

[0054] A water inlet 21 is located at one end of the water flow channel 23;

[0055] The water outlet 22 is located at the other end of the water flow channel 23;

[0056] The driving mechanism 3 is used to drive the main structure 2 to move and change the positions of the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 relative to the water surface;

[0057] When the braking device is in a braking state, the water inlet 21 is located below the water surface, the water outlet 22 is located above the water surface, and the water inlet 21 faces the sailing direction of the boat 1, so that the water enters the water flow channel 23 from the water inlet 21, and the water flow channel 23 reverses the flow direction of the water and then flows out from the water outlet 22.

[0058] When the braking device is in a non-braking state, the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 are both located above the water surface.

[0059] The boat 1 in this embodiment includes but is not limited to a small yacht, a sailboat, a motorboat, and a speedboat, which is small in size and travels at a high speed. During the travel of the boat 1, the boat body floats on the water surface and has a relative displacement and relative speed with the water body providing buoyancy.

[0060] A main structure 2 is provided on the boat 1 for blocking water during braking, and a water flow channel 23 is provided in the main structure 2. When the boat 1 brakes, water enters the water flow channel 23 and reverses its direction while participating in braking, so that a large braking force is quickly applied to the boat 1, thereby achieving rapid and effective braking of the boat, with high reliability and applicability.

[0061] The braking device has a simple structure and good environmental adaptability during use, is suitable for various types of boats 1, and has broad application prospects and market potential.

[0062] In the specific structural design of the braking device, the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are located on the same side of the main structure 2 and have the same orientation, that is, the direction of water flowing into the water outlet 22 is nearly parallel to the direction of water flowing out of the water inlet 21 .

[0063] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the end sections of the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are parallel to each other.

[0064] Without considering the frictional resistance loss of the water flow channel 23 to the water body entering the water flow channel 23, the direction of the water flow entering the water outlet 22 is parallel to and opposite to the direction of the water flow flowing out of the water inlet 21. Based on the geodetic coordinate system, the braking principle of the braking device of this embodiment is analyzed as follows:

[0065] Part I:

[0066] Assume that after the brake device contacts the still water, the water body will be diverted by the brake device and its speed will be rapidly accelerated from the original still state to the speed V 2 .

[0067] According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of water flowing into and out of the brake device is equal per unit time. Since the water density ρ remains unchanged, the mass flow rate can be expressed by the volume flow rate. The following formula shows that the volume of water flowing into and out of the brake device per unit time is consistent:

[0068] (V 1 +0)A 1 =(V 2 -V 1 )A 2 (1)

[0069] In formula (1), V 1 is the speed of boat 1 at a certain moment, A 1 is the area of ​​the water inlet 21, A 2 is the area of ​​the water outlet 22, V 2 It is the speed of water flowing out of the water outlet 22 at that moment.

[0070] From formula (1), we can get:

[0071]

[0072] Part II:

[0073] According to the momentum theorem, the momentum equation of the water body in the time period dt after the start of braking is listed as follows:

[0074] F·dt=dm·V 2 -0 (3)

[0075] In formula (3), F is the thrust of the brake device on the water, dm is the amount of water flowing through the brake device during the time period dt, where dm = ρV 2 A 2 dt, ρ is the density of water.

[0076] From formula (3), we can get:

[0077] F=ρA 2 V 2 2 (4)

[0078] Substituting formula (2) into formula (4), the thrust expression of the braking device of the present invention on the water body can be obtained:

[0079]

[0080] F is the braking force applied to the boat 1.

[0081] Part III:

[0082] Formula (5) is used as the basic expression of braking force for research, and the process is as follows:

[0083] First, Defined as a braking coefficient,

[0084] Because A 1 ≥A 2 >0,

[0085] According to the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality, we know

[0086] When the minimum value is taken, the areas of the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are equal, the braking coefficient is 4, and the braking coefficient α is greater than or equal to 4.

[0087] Design a comparative example with the same A 1 The baffle with a large area is used as a braking device. The baffle only has the function of blocking water and will not be able to reverse the water flow through the water flow channel 23 as designed in the present application.

[0088] Assume that the baffle can play its maximum role, that is, the static fluid dm in contact with it during the time dt 2 The speed of the boat is accelerated to V 1 , then the following expressions can be listed:

[0089] F'·dt=dm 2 ·V 1 -0 (6)

[0090] Where F' is the thrust of the baffle on the water, dm 2 is the amount of water flowing through the baffle during the time period dt.

[0091] where dm 2 =ρV 1 A 1 dt, ρ is the density of water,

[0092] From formula (6), we can get: F' = ρV 1 2 A 1 .

[0094] That is, when the baffle is used as the braking device, the braking force on the boat 1 is 1 compared with the braking coefficient α of formula (5).

[0095] Therefore, it can be seen that when the area of ​​the baffle is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet 21, the braking effect of the braking device of the present application is better than that of the baffle, which is 4 times that of the baffle.

[0096] According to formula (5), the present invention only needs A 2 The smaller the area, the stronger the braking force. The cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet 21 is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet 22. The water body enters the water flow channel 23 and accelerates in the reverse direction. The water flow channel 23 is used to block water while realizing the reverse jet of the water body, thereby improving the water blocking effect of the braking device and thus improving the braking efficiency.

[0097] Part 4:

[0098] This section compares the braking coefficient α of the braking device of the present application with the braking effect when the braking coefficient α is 1, and further compares and analyzes the advantages of the braking device of the present application.

[0099] Ignoring the resistance of the boat itself and the power of the propeller not being completely shut down, the method for evaluating the braking distance of a small boat with one brake device is as follows.

[0100] First, the governing equations and initial conditions are listed:

[0101]

[0102] Then, find the speed of boat 1 from V 1 The distance required to reach 0. In the formula, M is the mass of the boat 1, which is a constant, and F is the braking force of the braking device of the present application on the boat 1, which changes with time.

[0103]

[0104] The solution is obtained by numerical methods, such as the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.

[0105] ρ is 1025kg / m 3 , M is 10000kg, V 1 Take 20m / s, A 1 Take 1m 2 , A 2 Take 0.2m 2 , then α is 7.2, and the above formula becomes:

[0106]

[0107] Based on the calculation results, draw a curve of the change (decrease) of speed over time.

[0108] By further adding the distance equation, we can obtain a curve of distance increasing over time as follows.

[0109] Further, the equation is rewritten as:

[0110]

[0111] Solve using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method:

[0112]

[0113] in:

[0114] k x1 =X i (n)

[0115] k v1 =f v (t (n) ,v (n) )

[0116]

[0117] k x3 =X i (n) +hk x3

[0118] k v3 =f v (t (n) +h,v (n) +hk v3 )

[0119] According to the calculation results, draw a curve of speed changing (decreasing) with time, and a curve of distance increasing with time, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, α is 7.2, braking is completed after a distance of about 7m, and the speed has dropped to 0.5m / s in about 5s. Figure 7As shown, the maximum braking force is 280 tons.

[0120] Compared with the braking device not using the present application, a baffle with an equivalent area is used as the braking device, that is, when the braking coefficient α is 1, under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged, the control equation and the initial value condition are:

[0121]

[0122] Calculate and draw the curve of speed changing with time and the curve of distance increasing with time, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, braking is completed after a distance of about 45m, and the speed is reduced to 0.5m / s in about 24s. Fig. 9 As shown, the maximum braking force is 40 tons.

[0123] Therefore, the braking effect of the braking device of the present application is better, the response is timely, and rapid braking is possible.

[0124] Part V:

[0125] This section studies and analyzes the relationship between the braking coefficient α and the braking distance, and further compares and analyzes the advantages of the braking device of this application.

[0126] When ρ is 1025kg / m3, M is 10000kg, V 1 Take 20m / s, A 1 Take 1m 2 , A 2 Take 0.1m 2 , then α is 12.1, and the control equation and initial value conditions are:

[0127]

[0128] Calculate and draw the curve of speed changing with time and the curve of distance increasing with time, such as Fig.10 As shown in the figure, braking is completed after a distance of about 5m, and the speed has been reduced to 0.5m / s in about 2.5s. Fig.11 As shown, the maximum braking force is 470 tons.

[0129] When, ρ is taken as 1025kg / m 3 , M is 10000kg, V 1 Take 20m / s, A 2 Take 1m 2 , A 2 Take 0.05m 2 , then α is 22.05, and the control equation and initial value conditions are:

[0130]

[0131] Calculate and draw the curve of speed changing with time and the curve of distance increasing with time, such as Fig.12 As shown in the figure, braking is completed after a distance of about 3m, and the speed has been reduced to 0.5m / s in about 1s. Fig.13 As shown, the maximum braking force is 830 tons.

[0132] Statistics are made based on the calculated data from Part 3 and Part 4, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0133] Table 1 Effect statistics

[0134]

[0135] In addition, when the braking coefficients are 7.2, 12.1, and 22.05, the extreme loads on the braking device are 280 tons, 470 tons, and 830 tons, respectively. Therefore, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet 21 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet 22 is preferably 1 to 10. While ensuring a certain cross-sectional change rate of the water flow channel 23, the braking distance is greatly reduced. At this time, the size of a single braking device is still within an acceptable range. The overall braking effect can be adjusted in combination with the number of braking devices and the installation position layout on the boat 1. The force on the local equipment can be reduced through multiple devices, thereby reducing the design extreme value.

[0136] The braking device of the present application can improve the braking efficiency through the special design of the main structure 2, take effect quickly in an emergency, and efficiently complete the deceleration and braking of the boat, thereby improving the navigation safety and stability.

[0137] The braking device of the present application has the characteristic of rapid response. In an emergency, the braking device can be quickly activated and produce a braking effect, shortening the braking distance and improving the braking effect, thereby effectively controlling the speed of the boat 1, helping to avoid accidents and ensuring the safety of the occupants.

[0138] The braking device of the present invention has a parametric feature, and different parameters can be selected according to actual needs. Appropriate braking equipment parameters and quantities can be designed according to the requirements of different boat sizes and types, meeting higher braking requirements and technical standards, and providing a fast and effective braking effect.

[0139] The braking device of the present invention has high generalization and scalability, and can be flexibly adjusted. By adjusting the components and usage of the braking device, the braking needs in different application attributes such as leisure, sports and emergency rescue can be met.

[0140] Embodiment 2:

[0141] Based on the first embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, the curved path of the water flow channel 23 of the rapid braking device for small boats in this embodiment is C-shaped, and the inner wall surface of the water flow channel 23 is a smooth transition curved surface. The water body flowing through the water flow channel 23 is reduced, and the resistance loss generated in the water flow channel 23 or the damage to the main structure 2 caused by cavitation due to local turbulence is reduced.

[0142] The main structure 2 is made of steel and can be a shell structure. In another specific embodiment, the cross section of the main structure 1 is a local configuration of a nautilus, and the overall profile is an asymmetric D shape. The cross section of the inner wall surface of the water flow channel 23 is a local structure of a golden spiral line, so that the flow channel gradually narrows from the water inlet 21 to the water outlet 22, so that more water can smoothly push the jet back to the front of the boat. Figure 3 , Figure 5 shown.

[0143] The preferred installation position of the braking device is on the side of the boat 1, and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the boat 1. According to the specific needs of braking, several braking devices are arranged on each side of the boat 1. According to the actual application situation, it can also be arranged at the bow or stern.

[0144] The brake device of the present application can be mass-produced and modularly designed to achieve rapid assembly and modification.

[0145] The main structure 2 can be connected to the boat 1 in a variety of ways, such as the main structure 2 slidingly connected to the boat 1 in the up-down direction, and the driving mechanism 3 driving the main structure 2 to rise and fall, changing the positions of the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 relative to the water surface. In this way, during the braking state startup process, the contact area between the water inlet 21 and the water increases as the height of the main structure 2 decreases.

[0146] Another connection method between the main structure 2 and the boat 1 is a rotation connection. Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the main structure 2 is rotatably connected to the boat 1, and the driving mechanism 3 is used to drive the main structure 2 to rotate relative to the boat 1, thereby changing the positions of the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 relative to the water surface.

[0147] During the braking state start-up process, the contact area between the water inlet 21 and the water is gradually and rapidly increased by the rotation of the main structure 2, thereby achieving a smooth and rapid start-up of the braking state.

[0148] The driving mechanism 3 can adopt a telescopic movable mechanical arm structure, and the other end of the mechanical arm is connected to the middle part of the main structure 2. After the boat 1 completes braking, the driving mechanism 3 changes its own state to rotate the main structure 2 and lift the water inlet 21 to a position above the water surface.

[0149] Embodiment three:

[0150] In order to reduce the design and manufacturing cost of the driving mechanism 3, as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the quick braking device for a boat of this embodiment includes a hinged portion 4, which is arranged on the main structure 2, and the hinged portion 4 is rotatably connected to the boat 1, and the water outlet 22 is located between the hinged portion 4 and the water inlet 21, and the driving mechanism 3 includes a winch installed on the boat 1, and a first cable 31 is arranged on the winch of the winch, and the end of the first cable 31 is connected to the main structure 2;

[0151] Among them, the winch tightens the first cable 31, and the main structure 2 rotates so that the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are both located above the water surface. The winch loosens the first cable 31, and the main structure 2 rotates under the action of its own gravity, so that the water inlet 21 is located below the water surface and the water outlet 22 is located above the water surface.

[0152] Specifically, the hinged portion 4, the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are located on the same straight line. When the main structure 2 rotates, the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 both rotate around the intersection point, and the rotation radius of the water inlet 21 is greater than the rotation radius of the water outlet 22. The connection point between the first cable 31 and the main structure 2 is located between the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21.

[0153] The main structure 2 is hinged to the boat 1 through a hinge part 4 located on one side of the main structure 2, and the main structure 2 is driven to rotate by the winch to retract and release the first cable 31 combined with the main structure 2's own gravity, thereby reducing system energy consumption and improving the structural stability of the driving mechanism 3.

[0154] The function of the winch to retract and release the first cable 31 can be used as a first means to limit the rotation angle of the main structure 2. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the braking device function, further, as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the rapid braking device for a small boat in this embodiment further includes a limiting structure 5 for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the main structure 2 in the braking state.

[0155] The limiting structure 5 includes a set of second cables 51, one end of the second cables 51 is fixedly connected to the boat 1, and the other end of the second cables 51 is fixedly connected to the main structure 2 at the water inlet 21. In the non-braking state, the second cables 51 are in a relaxed state. In the braking state, when the main structure 2 rotates to the extreme angle, the second cables 51 are in a taut state.

[0156] The length of the second cable 51 meets the requirement of maintaining the limit angle. There are multiple second cables 51 with different lengths. The purpose is to pull the main structure 2 when the braking state is achieved, so that the main structure 2 can be stably maintained in the water in the braking state. The second cable 51 is made of synthetic fiber cable, such as polyester, high-strength polyethylene, etc., and will not be damaged even if it collides with the main structure 2.

[0157] The second cable 51 is used as a limit angle for limiting the rotation of the main structure 2 in the braking state, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the driving mechanism 3 in the braking state and increasing the service life of the braking device.

[0158] Embodiment 4:

[0159] Because the main structure 2 is usually made of steel, when the main structure 2 is rotatably connected to the boat 1, in order to ensure that no water remains in the water flow channel 23 when not in the braking state, the water flow channel 23 is kept in a certain dry state to avoid rust. Based on the above embodiments, a drainage structure 6 is provided on the main structure 2 at the middle of the water flow channel 23 of the rapid braking device for the boat in this embodiment. The drainage structure 6 includes a drainage hole 62 connecting the water flow channel 23 with the outside. A cover plate 61 is hingedly installed on the main structure 2. The cover plate 61 matches the drainage hole 62. The cover plate 61 and the main structure 2 are elastically connected by an elastic reset member 63.

[0160] In the braking state, water flows through the drainage structure 6 and pushes the cover plate 61 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset member 63 to cover the drainage hole 62. When the water outlet 22 and the water inlet 21 are both above the water surface, the elastic reset member 63 overcomes the gravity of the water in the water flow channel 23 and opens the cover plate 61, thereby discharging the water remaining in the water flow channel 23.

[0161] Specifically, the elastic reset member 63 is a torsion spring, that is, the cover plate 61 is hinged to the main structure 2 through a spring hinge and elastically connected at the same time.

[0162] Embodiment five:

[0163] The quick braking device applicable to a boat according to the above embodiment can be symmetrically installed on both sides of the boat 1 , or can be installed on the stern of the boat 1 .

[0164] The rapid braking method of this embodiment is applicable to a small boat, and the small boat is equipped with a rapid braking device of any of the above embodiments. The rapid braking method comprises the following steps:

[0165] After receiving the braking signal, the control system of the boat controls the driving mechanism 3 to drive the main structure 2 on the boat 1 to move, so that the water inlet 21 on the main structure 2 is located below the water surface, and the water outlet 22 on the main structure 2 is located above the water surface;

[0166] Under the relative movement of the boat 1 and the water body, the water body enters the water flow channel 23 in the main structure 2 from the water inlet 21, and under the guidance of the water flow channel 23, the flow direction of the water body is reversed and flows out from the water outlet 22. The water body applies a braking force to the boat 1 through the main structure 2, so that the boat 1 is stopped.

[0167] Specifically, the control and braking process of the brake device includes the following stages:

[0168] 1. Preparation stage: before the boat 1 needs to brake, it is necessary to first confirm the status of the braking device, including the main structure 2, the driving mechanism 3, the limiting structure 5 and the drainage structure 6; the control system of the boat should be in a standby state, and the main structure 2 should be in a normal state (non-braking state or storage state not in contact with water). At this time, the driving mechanism 3 is limited and fixed on the side of the boat 1.

[0169] 2. Braking stage: When the boat 1 needs to brake, the control system issues a release command, i.e., a braking signal, according to the preset braking conditions or the operator's command. This command controls the driving mechanism 3 to rotate the main structure 2 around the hinge point under the action of gravity, so that the water inlet 21 drops into the water. This process is usually completed in a short time.

[0170] 3. Braking execution stage: After the water inlet 21 of the main structure 2 is submerged in the water, the water involved in the braking passes through the water flow channel 23 inside the main structure 2 and then jets out from the narrow water outlet 22 at high speed, generating a large reverse thrust on the main structure 2, prompting the boat 1 to decelerate and brake quickly. The magnitude of this reverse thrust depends on factors such as the shape, size and water entry angle of the water flow channel 23 in the main structure 2. At the same time, the multiple second cables 51 of the limiting structure 5 are gradually tightened during the rotation and descent of the main structure 2, playing the role of fixing the main structure 2 and ensuring that the main structure 2 remains stable during the braking process. The braking execution stage lasts until the boat 1 is braked to a stop.

[0171] 4. Recovery phase: The control system issues a recovery command in a timely manner according to the stopping situation of the boat 1. This command controls the drive mechanism 3 to start working. The drive mechanism 3 drives the main structure 2 to rotate around the hinge point to the normal state position. This process is usually completed in a short time.

[0172] 5. Drainage stage: After completing a braking task and returning, the cover plate 61 of the drainage structure 6 opens under the action of the spring hinge to drain the water accumulated in the water flow channel 23 inside the main structure 2 to keep the device dry.

[0173] 6. Brake again: If you need to use the brake device again, repeat the above steps.

[0174] The rapid braking method of the present invention has the characteristics of simple operation and is convenient for the driver or operator to use. The braking device can be easily started through simple operation steps.

[0175] At the same time, the function of auxiliary braking can be added to the control system, such as applying technologies such as intelligent sensors, high-efficiency motors and advanced control algorithms to the control system. When the boat 1 is in operation, it can independently determine the emergency state and brake, which can improve the performance and response speed of the braking device.

[0176] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick braking device suitable for a small boat, characterized in that: include A main structure (2) movably mounted on the boat (1); A water flow channel (23) is arranged in the main structure (2); A water inlet (21) located at one end of the water flow channel (23); A water outlet (22) located at the other end of the water flow channel (23); A driving mechanism (3) for driving the main structure (2) to move and change the positions of the water inlet (21) and the water outlet (22) relative to the water surface; Wherein, when the braking device is in a braking state, the water inlet (21) is located below the water surface, the water outlet (22) is located above the water surface, the water inlet (21) faces the sailing direction of the boat (1), so that water enters the water flow channel (23) from the water inlet (21), and the water flow channel (23) reverses the flow direction of the water and then flows out from the water outlet (22). When the braking device is in a non-braking state, the water inlet (21) and the water outlet (22) are both located above the water surface.

2. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet (22) and the water inlet (21) are located on the same side of the main structure (2) and face the same direction.

3. The quick braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet (21) is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water outlet (22).

4. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The curved path of the water flow channel (23) is C-shaped, and the inner wall surface of the water flow channel (23) is a smoothly transitioned curved surface.

5. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure (2) is rotatably connected to the boat (1), and the driving mechanism (3) is used to drive the main structure (2) to rotate relative to the boat (1), thereby changing the positions of the water outlet (22) and the water inlet (21) relative to the water surface.

6. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hinged portion (4), the hinged portion (4) being arranged on the main structure (2), the hinged portion (4) being rotatably connected to the boat (1), the water outlet (22) being located between the hinged portion (4) and the water inlet (21), the driving mechanism (3) comprising a winch installed on the boat (1), a first cable (31) being arranged on the winch of the winch, and the end of the first cable (31) being connected to the main structure (2); When the winch tightens the first cable (31), the main structure (2) rotates so that the water outlet (22) and the water inlet (21) are both located above the water surface; when the winch loosens the first cable (31), the main structure (2) rotates under the action of its own gravity so that the water inlet (21) is located below the water surface and the water outlet (22) is located above the water surface.

7. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting structure (5) for limiting the maximum rotation angle of the main structure (2) when in a braking state.

8. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting structure (5) comprises a group of second cables (51), one end of the second cables (51) is fixedly connected to the boat (1), and the other end of the second cables (51) is fixedly connected to the main structure (2) at the water inlet (21); in a non-braking state, the second cables (51) are in a relaxed state; in a braking state, when the main structure (2) is rotated to a limit angle, the second cables (51) are in a taut state.

9. The rapid braking device for a small boat as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A drainage structure (6) is provided on the main structure (2) at the middle of the water flow channel (23), the drainage structure (6) comprising a drainage hole (62) connecting the water flow channel (23) with the outside, a cover plate (61) is hingedly mounted on the main structure (2), the cover plate (61) matches the drainage hole (62), and the cover plate (61) and the main structure (2) are elastically connected via an elastic reset member (63); In the braking state, water flows through the drainage structure (6) to push the cover plate (61) to overcome the elastic force of the elastic reset member (63) and cover the drainage hole (62); when the water outlet (22) and the water inlet (21) are both located above the water surface, the elastic reset member (63) overcomes the gravity of the water in the water flow channel (23) and opens the cover plate (61).

10. A rapid braking method suitable for a small boat, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After receiving the braking signal, the control system of the boat controls the driving mechanism (3) to drive the main structure (2) located on the boat (1) to move, so that the water inlet (21) on the main structure (2) is located below the water surface, and the water outlet (22) on the main structure (2) is located above the water surface; Under the action of relative movement between the boat (1) and the water body, the water body enters the water flow channel (23) in the main structure (2) from the water inlet (21), and under the guidance of the water flow channel (23), the flow direction of the water body is reversed and flows out from the water outlet (22), and the water body applies a braking force to the boat (1) through the main structure (2), so that the boat (1) is stopped.

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