Piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment reactor with spiral hydraulic self-driven power supply

Abstract

The device disclosed by the invention integrates the photocatalytic reaction area, the diversion area, the settling area and the piezoelectric photocatalytic particle hopper, and the propeller blades are effectively driven to rotate through a dual driving mechanism of water jet and the aeration device, so that the screw rod is driven to work, and piezoelectric photocatalytic particles are lifted to the top of the reactor. In the process, the rotation of the screw rod is linked with the operation of the micro generator, and the generated electric energy is directly supplied to the LED light source and the electrode plate, so that the overall energy consumption of the reaction device is greatly reduced. Under the action of double external forces of aeration and stirring, a strong piezoelectric field is excited inside the piezoelectric material, so that the coupling of a photocatalytic effect and a piezoelectric effect is realized. And then, the photocatalytic particles are continuously and uniformly distributed in the reactor in a circulating manner by virtue of the rotating power of lifting of the baffle and the screw rod. Besides, the aeration device not only enhances the reaction efficiency, but also provides necessary driving force for piezoelectric photocatalytic particles, and realizes the self-cleaning function of the particles, so that the photocatalytic reaction rate and the recycling efficiency of a photocatalyst are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a reaction device for treating and purifying difficult-to-degrade wastewater, specifically relating to a spiral hydraulic self-driven power supply voltage electrophotocatalytic water treatment device with an external electric field, which utilizes an incoming water jet to provide driving force for a spiral rod, realizes hydraulically driven power generation to power a photocatalytic light source LED, and belongs to the field of photocatalytic utilization technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization, the treatment of difficult-to-degrade organic wastewater (such as those containing dyes, pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates and persistent organic pollutants) has become a global environmental problem. Traditional biological treatment methods are inefficient for such pollutants, while advanced oxidation technologies (such as photocatalytic oxidation) have attracted much attention due to their mild reaction conditions, thorough degradation and no secondary pollution. However, photocatalytic technology still faces two major bottlenecks in practical applications: first, the high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers leads to limited quantum efficiency; second, photocatalytic reactors rely on external power supply light sources (such as ultraviolet LEDs), which makes it difficult to achieve energy self-sufficiency in remote areas or mobile treatment scenarios.

[0003] In recent years, researchers have tried to solve the energy dependence problem of photocatalytic systems through self-powered technology. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN214851008 U proposes a vibration energy harvesting device based on piezoelectric materials, but its energy conversion efficiency is limited by the randomness and low-frequency characteristics of mechanical vibration; another patent (CN118241740A) designs a coupling system that uses water flow to impact turbines for power generation, but the turbine structure has problems such as easy clogging and high maintenance costs. In addition, the existing technology focuses on a single energy conversion mode (such as only using piezoelectric or hydroelectric power generation), and fails to systematically couple mechanical energy-electrical energy-photocatalytic reactions, resulting in low energy utilization and difficulty in stably driving high-power light sources. At the same time, publication number CN201473358U discloses a cyclone-type photocatalytic sewage pretreatment device, which uses a diversion device to make the water flow rise in reverse, slow down the flow rate, and increase the hydraulic retention time in the device, so that the treatment effect is improved. However, the reaction device only provides water cyclone power through the aeration plate. If piezoelectric photocatalytic particles are used, the piezoelectric effect cannot be achieved. The application of this device in the field of photocatalytic technology has certain limitations.

[0004] In terms of improving photocatalytic efficiency, external electric field-assisted photocatalytic technology has been proven to effectively promote the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. However, conventional electric-assisted systems require a continuous external power supply, which significantly increases energy consumption and operation and maintenance complexity. Although some studies have attempted to use piezoelectric materials to generate electric fields in situ (such as patent CN118059863 A), the electric field strength is limited by the low-frequency response characteristics of piezoelectric materials and is not combined with fluid dynamics, resulting in uneven electric field distribution and limited range of action.

[0005] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop a new self-driven energy supply system that can efficiently convert the fluid kinetic energy in the wastewater treatment process into electrical energy and simultaneously optimize the electric field-assisted photocatalytic process. The spiral hydraulic self-driven and powered piezoelectric photocatalytic reactor proposed in this patent converts the kinetic energy of the incoming water jet into the rotational mechanical energy of the spiral rod through innovative structural design, drives the motor module to generate electricity to supply the LED light source, and uses the spiral flow channel to enhance the fluid turbulence to strengthen the mass transfer process. This device not only breaks through the energy constraints of traditional photocatalytic systems, but also realizes the synergistic improvement of energy closed-loop utilization and catalytic efficiency through the "hydraulic-mechanical-piezoelectric-photoelectric" multi-physical field coupling mechanism, providing an efficient and green solution for complex wastewater treatment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the practical application defects of the above-mentioned single photocatalytic material and photocatalytic reaction device, the present invention proposes a piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment device with an external electric field spiral self-driven power supply. First, a piezoelectric photocatalytic composite material is prepared by combining a photocatalytic material with a piezoelectric material to achieve the piezoelectric effect. Secondly, the piezoelectric photocatalytic material is loaded on a granular carrier ball to avoid the agglomeration of the nano-photocatalytic material. On the other hand, an electric field is applied to the photocatalytic reaction zone of the reactor to accelerate and control the flow direction of electrons and reduce the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. And the driving effect of the incoming water jet on the spiral rod is used to drive the motor to generate electricity. Finally, the motor provides electrical energy for the reaction light source, realizing hydraulic drive power supply and reducing the energy consumption of the reactor.

[0007] In order to realize the above scheme, a spiral hydraulic self-driven and powered piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment reactor is constructed, and the present invention provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A certain amount of piezoelectric photocatalytic particles are added into the reactor body, and a particle bucket for collecting particles, an emptying pipe, an aeration pipe and a microporous aeration head are arranged at the bottom. A spiral rod is installed in the middle of the bottom, and a stirring paddle, a particle baffle and a propeller are arranged on the spiral. The top propeller is connected to the spiral rod and rotates under the impact of water flow. LDE light sources are arranged around to provide light source for photocatalytic reaction. An electric field is arranged under the light source. The wastewater to be treated enters from the water inlet pipes on both sides of the lower part in a spiral water inlet manner. After flowing through the diversion area, the water flow impacts the propeller blades under the action of the diversion pipe, and the blades drive the spiral rod to rotate. The top of the spiral rod is connected to the power generation equipment. When the water flow speed is too large, the generator motor is used to realize hydraulic drive power generation, and the electric energy is stored in the reserve capacitor, and the invalid water kinetic energy of the reactor is collected to power the photocatalytic reaction device. The paddles around the spiral rod drive the water flow carrying the photocatalyst to collide and squeeze the piezoelectric materials. The electric field polarization occurs inside and a piezoelectric field is generated. The water after the reaction enters the sedimentation area, and the photocatalytic particles settle due to their own weight. The particle bucket in the reactor collects the settled photocatalytic particles. At the same time, the bottom spiral lifting effect is used to lift the photocatalytic particles to the top through the spiral rod threads and spray them with the water flow. The photocatalytic particles are evenly dispersed in the reaction area through the dispersing effect of the baffle. This is a cycle, and the photocatalytic particles can be recycled. The treated water flows back into the outlet tank and is discharged through the drain pipe to achieve continuous operation of the photocatalytic reaction system.

[0009] Furthermore, a reserve capacitor is arranged outside the reactor, and the top of the spiral rod is connected to the driving motor. When the flow rate is high, the driving motor acts as a generator to reserve electric energy.

[0010] Furthermore, an insulating plate is added between the insulating layers arranged on the surfaces of the positive plate, the negative plate and the lamp plate, and a sealing ring is arranged at the connection between the spiral rod and the reactor shell.

[0011] Optionally, the piezoelectric photocatalytic particle carrier can be lightweight particles of millimeter scale, micron scale, etc.

[0012] Optionally, the water inlet to the reactor may be in a convection flow mode or a near-wall spiral flow mode.

[0013] Furthermore, an LED lamp is used as a light source for photocatalysis, the LED lamp power supply is hydraulically driven, and a backup power supply is provided to ensure the stability of system operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a spiral lifting piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment device of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a front view of the piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment reactor with spiral lifting and stirring of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3It is a side view of the piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment reactor with spiral lifting and stirring of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a top view of the piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment reactor with spiral lifting and stirring of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the screw rod device in the reactor of the present invention.

[0019] The names indicated by the numerical labels in the accompanying drawings are: 1-water inlet pipe, 2-negative plate, 3-stirring paddle, 4-piezoelectric photocatalytic particles, 5-lamp board, 6-water outlet trough, 7-baffle, 8-diversion area, 9-energy storage capacitor, 10-propeller, 11-sedimentation area, 12-water outlet pipe, 13-particle baffle, 14-screw rod, 15-positive plate, 16-aeration device, 17-emptying pipe, 18-particle bucket, 19-air inlet, 20-micro generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0021] Inside the reactor, piezoelectric photocatalytic particles 4 are added, and by opening the aeration plate 16, gas is introduced from the air inlet 19 to start the aeration device, providing the necessary water flow power for the entire reactor system. In this process, the spiral water inlet and aeration work together to generate a high-speed water flow, which effectively drives the rotation of the propeller 10. The rotation of the propeller then drives the operation of the micro-generator 20, and part of the generated electrical energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor 9 for standby use, while the other part directly provides electricity for the LED light board 5 and the electrode plates 2 and 15. The water flow to be treated slowly flows into the reactor from the water inlet pipe 1. At the same time, the stirring paddle 3 starts to rotate driven by the propeller, fully mixing the piezoelectric photocatalytic particles 4 with the wastewater to ensure the smooth progress of the photocatalytic reaction. In this process, the LED light board 5 provides sufficient light source for the reaction, and the energy storage capacitor 9 continuously supplies power to the positive electrode plate 15 and the negative electrode plate 2, generating the necessary electric field to further promote the reaction. The treated water flows smoothly into the sedimentation area 11 under the guidance of the diversion area 8, at which time the piezoelectric photocatalytic particles are effectively separated from the treated water. The water flows on and finally enters the water outlet 6 and is discharged from the system through the water outlet pipe 12. The piezoelectric photocatalytic particles are guided to the particle hopper 18, and are lifted again by the spiral rod 14, transported to the top, and evenly redistributed into the water body under the action of the particle baffle 13, realizing the efficient recycling of the piezoelectric photocatalytic particles.

[0022] Furthermore, the LED light board adopts two power supply methods. One is that the hydraulic drive drives the motor to generate electricity to power the LED light board. The other is that when the flow rate is low, the self-driven generator cannot achieve normal power generation and is powered by a reserve power supply.

[0023] Furthermore, the reserve capacitor is connected in parallel with the electric field applied inside and outside the reactor, the LED lamp, and the drive motor, and the reserve capacitor preferentially supplies power to the LED lamp board.

[0024] Furthermore, the photocatalytic particles can be recycled by acid washing, ultrasound, hydrogen peroxide washing, etc.

[0025] Furthermore, LED light panels and electric fields are arranged on both sides of the piezoelectric photocatalytic zone to reduce the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs inside the material and improve the piezoelectric photocatalytic efficiency.

[0026] Furthermore, a sedimentation zone is provided in the reactor to effectively separate the treated water and the photocatalytic particles.

Claims

1. A spiral hydraulic self-driven and powered piezoelectric photocatalytic water treatment device, which consists of a cylindrical shell and a conical shell connected to form a reactor wall, one side of the spiral rod is connected to a water flow driving blade, and the other side is connected to a micro generator. The reaction zone, diversion zone and sedimentation zone are constructed by baffles inside, forming a piezoelectric photocatalytic particle collection zone, a comprehensive reaction zone, and a diversion zone from bottom to top, while the outer side is divided into a clarification zone, a sedimentation zone and a particle reflux zone.

2. According to claim 1, the micro motor is connected to the LED light board, the electrode plate and the energy storage capacitor.

3. According to the photocatalytic reaction zone of claim 1, an LED light board, an electrode plate, a spiral rod, a propeller, a stirring paddle and other devices are arranged in the reaction zone, a piezoelectric field is generated by stirring, the LED light board provides the light source required for the reaction, the electrode plate generates an electric field to further improve the photocatalytic efficiency, and the photocatalytic reaction zone is connected with the diversion zone and the particle hopper to realize effective separation of solid and liquid.

4. The guide zone according to claim 3, wherein the guide zone guides the mixed solution of the photocatalytic material and the treated water to the precipitation zone by setting a guide plate.

5. The sedimentation zone according to claim 4 is connected to a water outlet trough at the top, and the sedimentation zone discharges treated water through the top water trough.

6. According to the spiral rod of claim 3, a baffle is provided on the upper part of the spiral rod to prevent the piezoelectric photocatalytic particles from rising along the spiral rod, so that they change their running path and enter the comprehensive reaction zone under the rotation of the spiral rod driven by the propeller.

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