A fuel composition and use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of fuel, and discloses a fuel composition and application thereof.The fuel composition comprises base fuel and functional fuel additive component, the functional fuel additive component comprises polymethoxy dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, cetane enhancer and lubricant, the hydrocarbon is polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or cage hydrocarbon fuel, the lubricant is selected from diacid monoester compound and fatty acid and / or fatty acid polyol ester;the content of polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 1-70 mass% based on the total mass of functional fuel additive component, the content of hydrocarbon is 15-90 mass%, the content of cetane enhancer is 0.005-10 mass%, and the content of lubricant is 0.001-5 mass%.The composition is suitable for making up the shortage of polymethoxy dimethyl ether in highland area, and improving the power and dynamic performance of fuel engine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel, in particular to a fuel composition and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] China has vast highlands, of which the areas above 1000 meters above sea level account for more than 58% of the land area, and the areas above 2000 meters above sea level account for more than 33% of the land area. The plateau environment has the characteristics of complex terrain, low atmospheric pressure, insufficient oxygen content, and variable climate conditions.

[0003] When the diesel engine runs in the plateau area, the amount of air entering the cylinder of the diesel engine is reduced due to the decrease of atmospheric pressure and temperature, the compression end mixture pressure and temperature are reduced, the fuel injected into the cylinder cannot ignite in time, which causes combustion lag and combustion deterioration, thereby causing a series of problems such as power reduction, oil consumption increase, and emission deterioration, which seriously reduces the power and economy of the diesel engine. Therefore, improving the performance of diesel in the plateau is an important problem to be solved at present.

[0004] Patent application CN113293040A discloses a kind of highland field tank diesel power propellant, the propellant is composed of high-performance high-activity oxygen mixture, cetane enhancer, low freezing point component oil, cleaning dispersing smoke suppressant, power improver, heat value improver, oil-soluble friction modifier and antioxidant, the low freezing point component oil is fischer-tropsch synthesis kerosene fuel;The cleaning dispersing smoke suppressant is composed of a cleaning dispersing agent containing a main chain of polyether structure, and the terminal active functional group is aminogroup polymer, and double ring pentacyclic diterpene iron composition. The patent discloses that the diesel containing the power propellant has the effects of improving power performance and improving combustion performance. However, the composition of the propellant is relatively complex, and the product preparation is difficult.

[0005] Patent application CN106244262A discloses a kind of highland oxygen-containing multi-effect agent, which is composed of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, ferrocene, dimethylbenzene, isooctyl nitrate, oleic acid, cleaning agent and fatty acid methyl ester. The highland oxygen-containing clean diesel oil is obtained by blending the highland oxygen-containing multi-effect agent, regenerated diesel, diesel component oil and aviation kerosene. The patent discloses that the highland oxygen-containing diesel can improve the power of the engine and reduce the exhaust emission. However, under the condition of highland environment, low temperature environment is usually accompanied, and fatty acid methyl ester has high freezing point, which is easy to precipitate under the condition of highland environment, and is difficult to be applied in plateau area.

[0006] Patent application CN104830382A discloses a kind of methyl ester diesel, the methyl ester diesel is by national standard diesel, 200# petroleum, fatty acid methyl ester, cetane improver, triethanolamine, dimethyl carbonate and antioxidant composition.This patent discloses, the methyl ester diesel in plateau area, oxygen content low area uses, can improve the power performance of diesel.However, this technical solution is difficult to apply in low-temperature plateau environment conditions, because the freezing point of fatty acid methyl ester is relatively high, and it is easy to precipitate in low-temperature environment conditions;On the other hand, the component of the methyl ester diesel contains triethanolamine nitride, which produces nitrogen oxides when burning and does not meet the use requirements of green chemistry.

[0007] Patent application CN108329957A discloses a kind of suitable for highland area's vehicle diesel, is by petroleum-based diesel, coal diesel and fatty acid methyl ester and cleaning additive composition, the fatty acid methyl ester is after pour point depressant-10# biodiesel, the cleaning additive is diethyl hydroxylamine and / or hydrazine hydrate.This patent discloses that the diesel product is suitable for use in highland area, has the advantages of strong power, low emission and low cost.However, the vehicle diesel product contains nitride, which makes the diesel product combustion produce nitrogen oxides, especially hydrazine hydrate, not only has strong alkaline and hygroscopicity, but also can corrode rubber, leather, etc., which will have adverse effects on engine rubber parts.

[0008] Patent application CN113150852A discloses a kind of diesel cleaning synergist suitable for severe cold, oxygen-deficient plateau environment, the cleaning synergist includes hexanol and its isomer alcohol, heptanol and its isomer alcohol, octanol and isomer alcohol, nonanol and its isomer alcohol, decanol and its isomer alcohol.This patent discloses that it is especially suitable for severe cold, oxygen-deficient plateau environment, and has significant synergistic emission reduction effect.However, as shown in example 5 of the patent, the engine power of the clean composite diesel fuel is reduced by 1.7% compared with pure diesel;As shown in example 6 of the patent, the engine power of the clean composite diesel fuel is reduced by 1.4% compared with pure diesel.That is, this technical method has no beneficial effect on engine power;On the other hand, fatty alcohols have a certain swelling effect on engine rubber and other materials, and there is a certain safety risk in use. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the problem of insufficient engine power and power performance in low-pressure environment in plateau area in the prior art, and to provide a clean fuel composition that can be used in plateau area, which can make up for the shortcomings of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and effectively improve the power and power performance of fuel engine.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a clean fuel composition, wherein the composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive component, the functional fuel additive component comprises polymethoxy dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, cetane enhancer and lubricant, the hydrocarbon is polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or cage hydrocarbon fuel;

[0011] The content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 1-70% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90% by mass, the content of the cetane enhancer is 0.005-10% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass, based on the total weight of the functional fuel additive component.

[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides an application of the clean fuel composition of the first aspect to a fuel engine in a highland area.

[0013] The composition provided by the present application selects the hydrocarbon, the cetane enhancer and the lubricant to cooperate with the polymethoxy dialkyl ether, and the components cooperate with each other, which not only makes up for the shortage of calorific value of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether, but also fully fuels the fuel in the low-pressure environment of the plateau, and improves the power and dynamic performance of the engine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise values stated. The endpoints of the ranges and any values should be understood to be approximate. The exact numerical values should be understood to be approximations that can vary by a small amount. The ranges and values should be understood to be approximate, and thus the endpoints should be understood to be open-ended, unless otherwise specified. Ranges include endpoints.

[0015] The first aspect of the present application provides a fuel composition, wherein the composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive component, the functional fuel additive component comprises polymethoxy dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, cetane enhancer and lubricant, the hydrocarbon is polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or cage hydrocarbon fuel, and the lubricant is selected from diacid monoester compound and fatty acid and / or fatty acid polyol ester;

[0016] The content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ethers is 1-70% by mass, for example, 1%, 5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70% by mass, and a value between any two groups, the content of the hydrocarbons is 15-90% by mass, for example, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% by mass, and a value between any two groups, the content of the cetane enhancer is 0.005-10% by mass, for example, 0.005%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10% by mass, and a value between any two groups, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass, for example, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4.5%, 5% by mass, and a value between any two groups.

[0017] The composition provided by the application cooperates the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ethers with the hydrocarbons, the cetane enhancer and the lubricant, and the components cooperate with each other, so as to make up for the shortage of the heat value of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ethers, fully fuel the fuel in the highland low-pressure environment, and improve the power and dynamic performance of the engine.

[0018] The functional fuel additive component of the composition provided by the application has a simple formula, and can be added to the blended fuel product through the fuel blending process, without the need of huge manpower, material resources and financial resources, so as to be an economic and efficient, practical and feasible way to improve the fuel power.

[0019] In the present application, the content of each component in the composition is not particularly limited, as long as it can meet the performance requirements of the fuel composition in the plateau environment. Preferably, the content of the base fuel is 20-95% by mass based on the total mass of the composition, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 5-80% by mass; further preferably, the content of the base fuel is 25-90% by mass based on the total mass of the composition, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 10-75% by mass; more preferably, the content of the base fuel is 25-70% by mass based on the total mass of the composition, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 30-75% by mass.

[0020] In the present application, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 5-60% by mass based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the content of the hydrocarbon is 32-87% by mass, the content of the hexadecane enhancer is 0.01-5% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-3% by mass.

[0021] Preferably, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 15-50% by mass based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the content of the hydrocarbon is 45-80% by mass, the content of the hexadecane enhancer is 0.01-3% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-2% by mass.

[0022] By optimizing the content of each component in the functional fuel additive component, the performance of the fuel composition can be further improved, so that it can be suitable for use in the plateau environment, and the power performance of the engine can be improved.

[0023] In the present application, preferably, the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether has the structure shown in formula (I),

[0024] [CH3(CH2) x O] m1 (CH2O) m2 (CH2) y CH3 Formula (I)

[0025] In formula (I), x, y are each independently 0-30, preferably 1-15, further preferably 1-10, and more preferably 1-5.

[0026] m1, m2 are each independently 1-20, preferably 1-10, and further preferably 1-8.

[0027] In the present application, preferably, m1 is 1-5 and m2 is 3-8.

[0028] In the present invention, the specific type of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is not particularly limited, and any compound having the aforementioned structure is suitable for the present invention. Preferably, the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, polymethoxy diethyl ether, polymethoxy dipropyl ether, polymethoxy dibutyl ether, polymethoxy dipentyl ether, polymethoxy dihexyl ether, polymethoxy diheptyl ether, polymethoxy dioctyl ether, polymethoxy dinonyl ether, and polymethoxy didecyl ether, and further preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, polymethoxy diethyl ether, polymethoxy dipropyl ether, and polymethoxy dibutyl ether.

[0029] In the present invention, the specific type of the hydrocarbon is not particularly limited. Preferably, the hydrocarbon is at least one selected from the group consisting of bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, exo tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrocyclopentadiene trimer, pentacyclo[5.4.0.0 2,6 .0 3, 10 .0 5,9 ]undecane, bridged and exo tetrahydrodimethyl dicyclopentadiene mixture, adamantane, alkyl adamantane, C18 tricyclohexane, spiro fuel, dicyclopentane, tricyclopentane, tetracyclopentane, decalin, alkyl decalin, tetracycloheptane, bisnoradamantane, norbornene dimer, dimethyl tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyl tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene derivative, tetracycloheptane, tetracyclo[7.4.0.0 2,7 .1 3,6 ]tetradecane, and 1,4-methano-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrofluorene, and further preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, exo tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, dimethyl tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyl tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, spiro fuel, and alkyl adamantane or a combination thereof. The use of the hydrocarbon within the above preferred range has the advantage of increasing the heating value of the fuel product and increasing the power of the fuel product.

[0030] In the present invention, the specific type of the cetane enhancer is not particularly limited, and any cetane enhancer conventionally defined in the art is suitable for the present invention. Preferably, the cetane enhancer is at least one selected from the group consisting of peroxide, nitrate compound, ester compound, ether compound, acetal polymer, nitro hydrocarbon compound, and azide compound.

[0031] In the present invention, the specific type of the peroxide is not particularly limited. Preferably, the peroxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 1,1-di-tert-butyl peroxide cycloalkane, 2,2-di-tert-butyl peroxide alkane, and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.

[0032] In the present application, the specific type of nitrate compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the nitrate compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of isooctyl nitrate, 2-nitro-2-methylpropyl nitrate, 2-methoxyethyl nitrate, 5,6-cyclopentyl-2-norbornene nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, ethylene glycol nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, cyclododecyl nitrate, 3-tetrahydrofuran nitrate, methylbenzyl alcohol nitrate, glycerol trinitrate, tetraglycol dinitrate, isopropyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate, and nonyl nitrate.

[0033] In the present application, the specific type of ester compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the ester compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of carbonates, oleates, oxalates, and partially saturated organic acid esters.

[0034] In the present application, the specific type of ether compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the ether compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethoxyethane, 1,2,4-trioxane, and di-n-pentyl ether.

[0035] In the present application, the specific type of nitrohydrocarbon compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the nitrohydrocarbon compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-nitro-2-hexene, 2-nitro-2-octene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-ethyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-butene, and 2-methyl-2-nitropropene.

[0036] In the present application, the specific type of azide compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the azide compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of propyl azide, isopropyl azide, n-butyl azide, n-pentyl azide, methyl azide benzene, ethyl azide benzene, dimethyl azide benzene, methoxy azide benzene, amino azide benzene, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone diazonium, N,N-diethyloctylamine, and oleic acid diethylamine.

[0037] In the present application, the specific type of azide compound is not particularly limited. Preferably, the azide compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of propyl azide, isopropyl azide, n-butyl azide, n-pentyl azide, methyl azide benzene, ethyl azide benzene, dimethyl azide benzene, methoxy azide benzene, amino azide benzene, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone diazonium, N,N-diethyloctylamine, and oleic acid diethylamine.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a dibasic acid monoester compound and a fatty acid polyol ester. The content of the dibasic acid monoester compound and the fatty acid polyol ester is not particularly limited in the present application. Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid polyol ester and the dibasic acid monoester compound is 0.01-100:1, preferably 0.02-50:1, and further preferably 0.1-10:1.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a dibasic acid monoester compound, a fatty acid, and a fatty acid polyol ester. The content of the dibasic acid monoester compound, the fatty acid, and the fatty acid polyol ester is not particularly limited in the present application. Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid, the fatty acid polyol ester, and the dibasic acid monoester compound is 0.01-90:0.01-90:1, preferably 0.02-60:0.02-40:1, and further preferably 0.1-30:0.1-20:1.

[0040] The use of the above preferred embodiments has the advantage that the lubricating properties of the fuel product are significantly improved without causing wear to the engine's precision components.

[0041] In the present application, preferably, the dibasic acid monoester compound has the structure shown in Formula (II),

[0042]

[0043] In Formula (II), R1is selected from at least one of a C n H 2n-2 hydrocarbon group, a C n H 2n hydrocarbon group, and a cyclic hydrocarbon group, n is 0-18, preferably 2-4, and R2is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, preferably a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

[0044] In the present application, preferably, the cyclic hydrocarbon group has the structure shown in Formula (III),

[0045]

[0046] In Formula (III), p is 1-8, q is 0-3, x is 0-8, y1is 0-2, and y2is 0-2.

[0047] In the present application, the dibasic acid monoester compound can be an unsaturated dibasic acid monoester compound. According to a specific preferred embodiment of the present application, when R1is a C n H 2n-2 hydrocarbon group, the unsaturated dibasic acid monoester compound has the structure shown in Formula (II-1),

[0048]

[0049] In formula (II-1), n is 2-4, and R2 is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

[0050] According to one specific embodiment of the present application, when n is 2, the monoester compound of a dibasic acid is at least one of monoester of maleic acid (monomaleate) and monoester of fumaric acid (monofumarate), and is further preferably at least one of monomethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, monon-propyl maleate, monon-butyl maleate, monon-octyl maleate, monoisopropyl maleate, monoisobutyl maleate, mono-sec-butyl maleate, monoiso-octyl maleate, monoiso-nonyl maleate, monoiso-decyl maleate, monoallyl maleate, mono-3-buten-1-ol maleate, and mono-isopentenyl alcohol maleate.

[0051] According to one specific embodiment of the present application, when n is 3, the monoester compound of a dibasic acid is at least one of monoester of itaconic acid, monoester of citraconic acid (monomethyl maleate), monoester of methyl fumarate (monomethyl fumarate), and monoester of pentenedioic acid, and is further preferably at least one of monomethyl itaconate, monoethyl itaconate, monon-propyl itaconate, monon-butyl itaconate, monon-octyl itaconate, monon-decyl itaconate, monon-dodecyl itaconate (monolaurate), monoisopropyl itaconate, monoisobutyl itaconate, monoiso-octyl itaconate (mono-2-ethylhexyl itaconate), monoiso-nonyl itaconate, monoiso-decyl itaconate, monoallyl itaconate, mono-3-buten-1-ol itaconate, and mono-isopentenyl alcohol itaconate.

[0052] According to one specific embodiment of the present application, when n is 4, the monoester compound of a dibasic acid is at least one of monoester of 2,3-dimethyl maleic acid, monoester of ethyl maleic acid, and monoester of hexenedioic acid, and is further preferably at least one of monocyclobutyl maleate, monocyclopentyl maleate, monocyclohexyl maleate, mono-3-cyclohexen-1-methyl maleate, monocyclohexyl itaconate, mono-2-cyclohexenyl itaconate, monop-nonylphenyl maleate, monobenzyl maleate, monophenethyl alcohol maleate, monophenpropyl alcohol maleate, monobenzyl itaconate, monophenethyl alcohol itaconate, and monophenpropyl alcohol itaconate.

[0053] In the present application, the monoester compound of a dibasic acid can be a saturated monoester compound of a dibasic acid with or without a substituent. According to one specific preferred embodiment of the present application, when R1 is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group, the saturated monoester compound of a dibasic acid has a structure of formula (II-2), n H 2n

[0054]

[0055] In formula (II-2), n is 0-18, preferably 2-8, and R2 is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group. ​

[0056] In the present application, the saturated dicarboxylic acid monoester compound without substituent refers to a structure without branched substituent on the CH2group between the two carbonyl groups in formula (II-2).

[0057] According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the saturated dicarboxylic acid monoester compound is at least one selected from oxalic acid monoester, malonic acid monoester, succinic acid monoester, glutaric acid monoester, adipic acid monoester, pimelic acid monoester, suberic acid monoester, azelaic acid monoester, sebacic acid monoester, undecanedioic acid monoester, dodecanedioic acid monoester, tridecanedioic acid monoester, tetradecanedioic acid monoester, hexadecanedioic acid monoester, and octadecanedioic acid monoester.

[0058] According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the saturated dicarboxylic acid monoester compound without substituent is at least one selected from oxalic acid monoester, malonic acid monoester, succinic acid monoester, glutaric acid monoester, adipic acid monoester, azelaic acid monoester, and sebacic acid monoester.

[0059] In the present application, the specific type of oxalic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the oxalic acid monoester is at least one selected from oxalic acid monomethyl ester, oxalic acid monoethyl ester, oxalic acid monopropyl ester, oxalic acid mononormal butyl ester, oxalic acid monoiso-butyl ester, oxalic acid mono-tert-butyl ester, oxalic acid mononormal pentyl ester, oxalic acid monoiso-pentyl ester, oxalic acid monohexyl ester, oxalic acid monooctyl ester, oxalic acid monoiso-octyl ester, oxalic acid monocyclohexyl ester, oxalic acid mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl ester, oxalic acid monop-nonyl phenyl ester, and oxalic acid monobenzyl ester.

[0060] In the present application, the specific type of malonic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the malonic acid monoester is at least one selected from malonic acid monomethyl ester, malonic acid monoethyl ester, malonic acid monopropyl ester, malonic acid mononormal butyl ester, malonic acid monoiso-octyl ester, malonic acid mono-sec-octyl ester, malonic acid mono-iso-nonyl ester, malonic acid monocyclohexyl ester, malonic acid mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl ester, malonic acid monop-nonyl phenyl ester, and malonic acid monobenzyl ester.

[0061] In the present application, the specific type of succinic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the succinic acid monoester is at least one selected from succinic acid mononormal butyl ester, succinic acid mono-sec-butyl ester, succinic acid mononormal hexyl ester, succinic acid monooctyl ester, succinic acid mono-iso-butyl ester, succinic acid mono-tert-butyl ester, succinic acid mono-iso-pentyl ester, succinic acid mono-iso-hexyl ester, succinic acid mono-iso-octyl ester, succinic acid monocyclohexyl ester, succinic acid mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl ester, succinic acid monop-nonyl phenyl ester, and succinic acid monobenzyl ester.

[0062] In the present application, the dicarboxylic acid monoester compound can be a dicarboxylic acid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group. According to a specific preferred embodiment of the present application, the dicarboxylic acid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group has a structure represented by formula (II-3),

[0063]

[0064] In formula (II-3), p is 1-8, preferably 1-6, further preferably 4 or 5, q is 0-3, preferably 0-1, further 0, x is 0-8, preferably 0-6, y1, y2 are each independently 0-2, preferably 0-1, R2 is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, preferably a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group, further preferably a C4-C12 hydrocarbon group.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present application, the diacid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group is selected from at least one of 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester (tetrahydrophthalic acid monoester), phthalic acid monoester, terephthalic acid monoester, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid monoester (3-methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester), 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid monoester (4-methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester), methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester, methyltetrahydrophthalic acid monoester, 4-methyl-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester, 3-methyl-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monooctyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monoiso-octyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid mono-iso-nonyl ester, phthalic acid monobutyl ester, phthalic acid monooctyl ester, phthalic acid monoiso-octyl ester, phthalic acid mono-sec-octyl ester, phthalic acid mono-iso-nonyl ester, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monooctyl ester, and methylhexahydrophthalic acid mono-iso-octyl ester.

[0066] In the present application, the source of the diacid monoester compound is not particularly limited, for example, it can be obtained commercially or prepared by a method conventionally defined in the art, for example, it can be prepared by monoesterification of a dicarboxylic acid or anhydride with a fatty alcohol or phenol, and the specific operation mode thereof is not particularly limited in the present application.

[0067] In the present application, the specific type of the fatty acid is not particularly limited. Preferably, the fatty acid is selected from C8-C30 saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, further preferably C12-C20 saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, more preferably C15-C20 saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, and even more preferably C15-C20 saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids.

[0068] In the present application, preferably, the mass fraction of the unsaturated fatty acid is less than 2.5%, further preferably 0-2%, based on the total amount of the C15-C20 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

[0069] In the present application, preferably, the fatty acid polyol ester is selected from C8-C30 fatty acid polyol ester, further preferably fatty acid monoglyceride and / or fatty acid monopentaerythritol ester.

[0070] In the present application, the type of base fuel is selected from a wide range. Preferably, the base fuel is selected from at least one of gasoline, diesel and kerosene, further preferably diesel.

[0071] In the present application, preferably, the diesel is petroleum-based diesel and / or coal-based diesel.

[0072] In the present application, the source of coal-based diesel is not particularly limited. Preferably, the coal-based diesel is provided by coal liquefied diesel (CTL), preferably coal direct liquefied diesel and / or coal indirect liquefied diesel, and more specifically can be a diesel fraction with a distillation range of 160-380℃ of petroleum-based origin.

[0073] In the present application, the source of petroleum-based diesel is not particularly limited. Preferably, the petroleum-based diesel is provided by diesel fuel for compression ignition engines, which can be standard diesel fuel or non-standard diesel fuel, for example, can be a fraction with a distillation range of 160-380℃ after various refining processes such as atmospheric and vacuum distillation, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, coking, hydrofining, hydrocracking, etc. of crude oil (petroleum) in a refinery, or can be a compression ignition engine fuel that meets the national standard GB 19147 for vehicle diesel.

[0074] In the present application, the physicochemical property parameters of the base fuel are not particularly limited.

[0075] The method for preparing the fuel composition of the present application is not particularly limited, and preferably can be prepared according to the following method: (1) mixing and formulating the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, cetane enhancer and lubricant to obtain a functional fuel additive component; (2) blending the functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) with the base fuel to obtain the fuel composition. The specific operating conditions of the present application are not particularly limited, and can be adjusted by the person skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0076] The second aspect of the present application provides a fuel composition as described in the first aspect for use in a fuel engine in a highland area.

[0077] The fuel composition provided by the present application is particularly suitable for use in low-pressure environments in highland areas, for example, a highland environment at an altitude of 500-9000m. The use of the highland special fuel composition with the aforementioned technical features enables the compression ignition engine to achieve good power performance in low-pressure environments at high altitudes.

[0078] In the present application, the conditions of the application include: the pressure is 30-100 kPa, preferably the pressure is 40-90 kPa, and further preferably the pressure is 50-80 kPa. It should be noted that the pressure is atmospheric pressure.

[0079] The highland special fuel composition provided by the present application, from the perspective of fuel modification, fully considers the characteristics of fuel combustion in the engine, fundamentally changes the insufficient combustion process of fuel under low pressure environment conditions, which leads to the insufficient engine power and power performance, and under the above highland environment conditions, the power of the compression ignition engine can be increased by at least 2%.

[0080] In the present application, the application environment of the fuel composition is not particularly limited, and under the preferred condition, it can also be applied to other diesel engine fields using compression ignition engines under low pressure environment conditions, for example, diesel-fueled transportation tools (including various motor vehicles and ships) and diesel engine-powered engineering, mining, and forestry machinery technical fields. The use of the fuel composition described in the present application can also significantly improve the engine power.

[0081] The present application will be described in detail through examples below. In the following examples, if not otherwise specified, they are all from commercially available products.

[0082] In the following examples, the test oil is tested on a test bench to simulate the engine intake pressure of 130 kPa, 160 kPa, 200 kPa, and 240 kPa, respectively, to measure the engine power performance of diesel fuel and the prepared highland special fuel composition diesel product, and the power is used as the evaluation technical index, with the unit of kW.

[0083] The basic physicochemical properties of the petroleum-based diesel used in the bench test are shown in Table 1, which is used as the base diesel of Examples 1-4.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Example 1

[0088] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0089] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; tetracyclodecane, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99%; monobutyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., purity 97%; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0090] Preparation of the lubricant: 80 g of the unsaturated fatty acid product of model KMJ-031 and 20 g of monobutyl maleate were prepared into a lubricant product with a total mass of 100 g, and the mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product to monobutyl maleate was 4:1.

[0091] 4.5 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was compounded with 18 kg of tetracyclodecane, 225 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 4.5 g of the above-prepared lubricant product, and stirred until uniform, to prepare a functional fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was 19.8%, the mass fraction of tetracyclodecane was 79.2%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.98%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant was 0.02%.

[0092] Step (2): Preparation of the highland special fuel composition diesel product:

[0093] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to base diesel and mechanically mixed until uniform, and the mass of the functional fuel additive component was 20 kg and the mass of the base diesel was 20 kg, and in the prepared highland special fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the functional fuel additive component was 50% and the mass ratio of the base diesel was 50%.

[0094] The basic physicochemical properties of the highland special fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 2.

[0095] Table 2

[0096] Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 4.29 GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % No GB / T 260 20 °C viscosity / (mm 2 / s) 3.028 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -20 GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ 159.4 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 205.4 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 302.8 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 337.1 GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ -12 SH / T 0248 20 °C density / (kg / m 3 )]]> 893.7 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) 43.22 GB / T 384

[0097] Example 2

[0098] Step (1): Preparation of the functional fuel additive component:

[0099] Raw materials: polymethoxy dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8The following products were purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (TDP), purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wand Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglycerides, with a saturated fatty acid content of 2.0% (mass fraction) and a free glycerol content of 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Chuangxin Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; and unsaturated fatty acid products, with a saturated fatty acid content of 1.46% (mass fraction), model: KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0100] Preparation of lubricant: 100g of KMJ-031 type unsaturated fatty acid product, 100g of JC-2017Z type fatty acid monoglyceride product and 50g of monooctyl maleate are mixed evenly to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 250g. The mass ratio of unsaturated fatty acid product, fatty acid monoglyceride product and monooctyl maleate is 2:2:1.

[0101] 15 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was compounded with 35 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 500 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 15 g of the prepared lubricant was added. The mixture was stirred until homogeneous to prepare a functional fuel additive component for later use. Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was 29.702%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene was 69.305%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.99%, and the mass fraction of lubricant was 0.003%.

[0102] Step (2): Preparation of diesel fuel composition for high-altitude areas:

[0103] The functional fuel additives prepared in step (1) are added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed evenly. The mass of the functional fuel additives is 30 kg and the mass of the base diesel is 10 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the functional fuel additives is 75% and the mass ratio of the base diesel is 25%.

[0104] The basic physicochemical properties of diesel fuel compositions specifically designed for high-altitude areas are shown in Table 3.

[0105] Table 3

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Example 3

[0109] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0110] Raw materials: polymethoxy dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; hanging type tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., purity 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model number: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model number KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0111] Preparation of lubricant: 200 g of unsaturated fatty acid product of type KMJ-031, 100 g of fatty acid monoglyceride product of type JC-2017Z, and 20 g of monooctyl maleate were uniformly mixed to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 320 g, and the mass ratio of unsaturated fatty acid product, fatty acid monoglyceride product, and monooctyl maleate was 10:5:1.

[0112] 11.7 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was compounded with 48 kg of hanging type tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 300 g of isooctyl nitrate, 36 g of the prepared lubricant was added, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a functional fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was 19.49%, the mass fraction of hanging type tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene was 79.95%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.5%, and the mass fraction of lubricant was 0.06%.

[0113] Step (2): Preparation of highland special fuel composition diesel product:

[0114] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to base diesel and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the functional fuel additive component was 15 kg, and the mass of the base diesel was 35 kg, in the prepared highland special fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component was 30%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel was 70%.

[0115] The basic physicochemical properties of the highland special fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 4.

[0116] Table 4

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Example 4

[0120] Step (1): Formulation of functional fuel additive component:

[0121] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99%; mono-octyl phthalate, purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., purity 98%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model number: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0122] Preparation of lubricant: 200 g of JC-2017Z type fatty acid monoglyceride product was uniformly mixed with 40 g of mono-octyl phthalate to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 240 g, and the mass ratio of fatty acid monoglyceride product to mono-octyl phthalate was 5:1.

[0123] 24.95 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers was compounded with 25 kg of hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, 50 g of isooctyl nitrate, 100 g of the prepared lubricant was added, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a functional fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers was 49.8%, the mass fraction of hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene was 49.9%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.1%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant was 0.2%.

[0124] Step (2): Formulation of highland special fuel composition diesel product:

[0125] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the functional fuel additive component was 5 kg, and the mass of the base diesel was 45 kg. In the prepared highland special fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component was 10%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel was 90%.

[0126] The basic physicochemical properties of the highland special fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 5.

[0127] Table 5

[0128] Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 2.52 GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 20 °C viscosity / (mm 2 / s) 3.793 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -16 GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ 187.6 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 259.9 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 320.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 339.2 GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ -12 SH / T 0248 20 °C density / (kg / m 3 )]]> 840.6 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) 42.61 GB / T 384

[0129] Example 5

[0130] The base diesel of this embodiment selects coal-based diesel, and the basic physicochemical properties are shown in Table 6.

[0131] Table 6

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive component:

[0135] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE 3-8 ) with a purity of 99% purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd.; tetracyclopentadiene with a purity of 99% purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; isooctyl nitrate with a purity of more than 99% purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd.; monooctyl maleate with a purity of 95% purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; fatty acid monoglyceride with a saturated fatty acid content of 2.0% (mass fraction) and a free glycerol content of 0.1% (mass fraction), model number: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product with a saturated fatty acid content of 1.46% (mass fraction), model number KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0136] Preparation of lubricant: 200 g of unsaturated fatty acid product of model number KMJ-031, 100 g of fatty acid monoglyceride product of model number JC-2017Z, and 20 g of monooctyl maleate were uniformly mixed to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 320 g, and the mass ratio of unsaturated fatty acid product, fatty acid monoglyceride product, and monooctyl maleate was 10:5:1.

[0137] 17.5 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers was compounded with 32.25 kg of tetracyclopentadiene, 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, 20 g of the prepared lubricant was added, and stirring was performed until uniform, to prepare a functional fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers was 34.99%, the mass fraction of tetracyclopentadiene was 64.47%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.5%, and the mass fraction of lubricant was 0.04%.

[0138] Step (2): Preparation of highland special fuel composition diesel product:

[0139] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel, and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the functional fuel additive component is 20 kg, the mass of the base diesel is 30 kg, in the prepared highland special fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the functional fuel additive component is 40%, and the mass ratio of the base diesel is 60%.

[0140] The basic physical and chemical properties of the highland special fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 7.

[0141] Table 7

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] Example 6

[0145] Step (1): Preparation of the fuel additive component:

[0146] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., purity 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model number: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model number KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0147] Preparation of lubricant: 100 g of unsaturated fatty acid product of KMJ-031 type, 500 g of fatty acid monoglyceride product of JC-2017Z type, and 50 g of monooctyl maleate are uniformly blended, and a lubricant product with a total mass of 650 g is prepared, the mass ratio of unsaturated fatty acid product, fatty acid monoglyceride product, and monooctyl maleate is 2:10:1.

[0148] 25 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is compounded with 24.75 kg of pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, 10 g of the prepared lubricant is added, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is 50.17%, the mass fraction of pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 49.31%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.02%.

[0149] Step (2): Preparation of the fuel composition diesel product:

[0150] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to the base diesel, and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the fuel additive component was 40 kg, the mass of the base diesel was 40 kg, in the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the fuel additive component was 50%, and the mass ratio of the base diesel was 50%.

[0151] The basic physicochemical properties of the fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 8.

[0152] Table 8

[0153] Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 3.35 GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 20 °C viscosity / (mm 2 / s) 2.971 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % 0.005 GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -22 GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ 156.6 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 209.0 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 296.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 317.1 GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ -16 SH / T 0248 20 °C density / (kg / m 3 )]]> 891.2 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) 40.26 GB / T 384

[0154] Comparative Example 1

[0155] Raw material: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%.

[0156] 4 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was added to 36 kg of base diesel, and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was 10%, and the mass fraction of base diesel was 90%.

[0157] The basic physicochemical properties of the diesel product of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 9.

[0158] Table 9

[0159] Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % 0.06 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 5.36 GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 20 °C viscosity / (mm 2 / s) 3.299 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -16 GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ 167.5 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 253.4 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 314.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 330.0 GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ -14 SH / T 0248 20 °C density / (kg / m 3 )]]> 856.6 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) 40.72 GB / T 384

[0160] Comparative Example 2

[0161] Step (1): Preparation of additive component:

[0162] Raw material: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai Maikelin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., purity 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model number: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model number KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0163] Preparation of the lubricant: 600 g of unsaturated fatty acid product of type KMJ-031, 300 g of fatty acid monoglyceride product of type JC-2017Z and 60 g of monooctyl maleate were mixed uniformly to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 960 g, and the mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the monooctyl maleate was 10:5:1.

[0164] The 49.75 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was compounded with 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, 12 g of the prepared lubricant was added and stirred until uniform to prepare a fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the blended fuel additive component, the mass fraction of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether was 99.48%, the mass fraction of the isooctyl nitrate was 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant was 0.02%.

[0165] Step (2): Preparation of the blended diesel product:

[0166] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the fuel additive component was 20 kg and the mass of the base diesel was 80 kg, and in the prepared blended fuel product, the mass ratio of the fuel additive component was 20% and the mass ratio of the base diesel was 80%.

[0167] The basic physicochemical properties of the blended diesel product are shown in Table 10.

[0168] Table 10

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Comparative Example 3

[0172] Step (1): Preparation of the fuel additive component:

[0173] Raw materials: polymethoxy dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ) with a purity of 99% purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., and pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene with a purity of 99% purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., and isooctyl nitrate with a purity of more than 99% purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0174] The 20 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether was compounded with 29.5 kg of pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 500 g of isooctyl nitrate, and stirred until uniform to prepare a fuel additive component for standby, wherein, based on the total mass of the fuel additive component, the mass fraction of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether was 40%, the mass fraction of the pendant tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene was 59%, and the mass fraction of the isooctyl nitrate was 1%.

[0175] Step (2): Preparation of fuel composition diesel product

[0176] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to base diesel, mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the fuel additive component was 30 kg, the mass of the base diesel was 20 kg, in the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the fuel additive component was 60%, and the mass ratio of the base diesel was 40%.

[0177] The basic physicochemical properties of the blended diesel product are shown in Table 11.

[0178] Table 11

[0179] Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % 0.13 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 2.51 GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ SH / T 0248 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) GB / T 384 Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ SH / T 0248 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) GB / T 384 Item Result Test Method 10% carbon residue (w) / % GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) GB / T 258 Moisture(w) / % Trace GB / T 260 GB / T 265 Ash(w) / % GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion(50℃,3h) / grade GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / ℃ GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / ℃ SH / T 0248 SH / T 0604 Heat value / (MJ / kg) GB / T 384 Moisture (w) / % Traces GB / T 260 20 °C viscosity / (mm 2 / s) 3.302 GB / T 265 Ash (w) / % 0.004 GB / T 508 Copper strip corrosion (50°C, 3h) / Grade 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / °C -20 GB / T 510 Initial boiling point / °C 168.0 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / °C 252.5 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / °C 313.2 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / °C 328.6 GB / T 6536 Cold filter plugging point / °C -12 SH / T 0248 20 °C density / (kg / m 3 )]]> 856.7 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 40.81 GB / T 384

[0180] Comparative Example 4

[0181] Step (1): Preparation of fuel additive component:

[0182] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., purity 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., purity greater than 99%.

[0183] 49.75 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was compounded with 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, stirred until uniform, to prepare a fuel additive component, wherein the mass fraction of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was 99.5% and the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate was 0.5% based on the total mass of the fuel additive component.

[0184] Step (2): Preparation of fuel composition diesel product

[0185] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) was added to base diesel, mechanically mixed uniformly, the mass of the fuel additive component was 30 kg, the mass of the base diesel was 20 kg, in the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass ratio of the fuel additive component was 60%, and the mass ratio of the base diesel was 40%.

[0186] The basic physicochemical properties of the fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 12.

[0187] Table 12

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] Test Example 1

[0191] The fuel composition products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to engine power evaluation test on an engine test bench, and the results are shown in Table 13.

[0192] Table 13

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] Test Example 2

[0196] The fuel composition products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) test, and the average wear scar diameter (WSD) values were reported, the evaluation method was SH / T 0765 "Diesel Oil Lubricity Rating Method (High Frequency Reciprocating Rig Method)", and the results are shown in Table 14.

[0197] Table 14

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] As can be seen from Tables 13 and 14, from the data of Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the fuel diesel oil only contains the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether component, the engine power cannot be improved, but can be reduced, and it is speculated that the reason is that the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether has low heat value, and under the same intake pressure condition, the engine power can be reduced.

[0201] As can be seen from Tables 13 and 14, from the data of the examples and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the fuel composition provided by the present application makes up for the low heat value of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, improves the engine power and the lubricity of the fuel product, and it should be noted that GB 19147 "Automotive Diesel Oil" requires that the lubricity of diesel oil is not higher than 460 μm, and the lubricity of the composition product provided by the present application can meet the use requirement; as can be seen from the above examples, compared with base diesel oil, the engine power can be improved by using the formula fuel composition diesel oil product provided by the present application under the same low pressure environment (the same altitude range).

[0202] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as disclosed by the present application, and all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel composition, characterized in that, The composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive, wherein the functional fuel additive comprises a polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether, a hydrocarbon, a cetane enhancer, and a lubricant, wherein the hydrocarbon is a polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or a clade hydrocarbon fuel, and the lubricant is selected from dicarboxylic acid monoester compounds and fatty acids and / or fatty acid polyol esters. Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 1-70% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90% by mass, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.005-10% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass. Wherein, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 20-95% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 5-80% by mass; The cetane number enhancer is selected from at least one of peroxides, nitrate esters, esters, ethers, acetals, nitro hydrocarbons, and azides. The base fuel is selected from at least one of gasoline, diesel and kerosene.

2. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-90% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 10-75% by mass.

3. The fuel composition according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-70% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 30-75% by mass.

4. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 5-60% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 32-87% by mass, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.01-5% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-3% by mass.

5. The fuel composition according to claim 4, wherein, Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 15-50% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 45-80% by mass, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.01-3% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-2% by mass.

6. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is selected from at least one of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, polyoxymethylene diethyl ether, polyoxymethylene dipropyl ether, polyoxymethylene dibutyl ether, polyoxymethylene dipentyl ether, polyoxymethylene dihexyl ether, polyoxymethylene diheptyl ether, polyoxymethylene dioctyl ether, polyoxymethylene dinonyl ether, and polyoxymethylene didecyl ether.

7. The fuel composition according to claim 6, wherein, The polymethoxydialkyl ether is selected from at least one of polymethoxydimethyl ether, polymethoxydiethyl ether, polymethoxydipropyl ether, and polymethoxydibutyl ether.

8. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The hydrocarbons are selected from bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrocyclopentadiene trimer, and pentacyclic [5.4.0.0]. 2,6 .0 3,10 .0 5,9 Undecane, bridged and hanging tetrahydrodimethyldicyclopentadiene mixtures, adamantane, alkyl adamantane, C18 tricyclohexane, spirocyclic fuels, dicyclopentane, decahydronaphthalene, alkyl decahydronaphthalene, tetracycloheptane, dihydrocubicane, norbornene dimer, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene derivatives, tetracyclo[7.4.0.0] 2,7 .1 3,6 At least one of tetradecane and 1,4-bridged methylene-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrofluorene.

9. The fuel composition according to claim 8, wherein, The hydrocarbon is selected from at least one of bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, spirocyclic fuels, and alkyl adamantane or combinations thereof.

10. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The peroxide is selected from at least one of hydrogen peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, and tert-butyl peroxide.

11. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The nitrate ester compound is selected from at least one of isooctyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, cyclododecyl nitrate, glyceryl trinitrate, tetraethylene glycol dinitrate, isopropyl nitrate, pentyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate, and nonyl nitrate.

12. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The ester compounds are selected from oleate esters and / or oxalate esters.

13. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The ether compounds are selected from dimethoxyethane and / or di-n-pentyl ether.

14. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The nitro hydrocarbon compound is selected from at least one of 2-nitro-2-hexene, 2-nitro-2-octene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-ethyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, and 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-butene.

15. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The azide compound is selected from at least one of isopropyl azide, n-butyl azide, n-pentyl azide, and dimethyl azidobenzene.

16. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The dicarboxylic acid monoester compound has the structure shown in formula (II). (II) In equation (II), R1 is selected from C n H 2n-2 hydrocarbon group, C n H 2n It is at least one of a hydrocarbon group and a cyclic hydrocarbon group, where n is 0-18 and R2 is a hydrocarbon group of C1-C30.

17. The fuel composition according to claim 16, wherein, In formula (II), n is 2-4 and R2 is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

18. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The fatty acids are selected from C8-C30 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids.

19. The fuel composition according to claim 18, wherein, The fatty acids are C12-C20 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids.

20. The fuel composition according to claim 19, wherein, The fatty acids are C15-C20 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids.

21. The fuel composition according to claim 20, wherein, The fatty acids are C15-C20 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

22. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The fatty acid polyol esters are selected from C8-C30 fatty acid polyol esters.

23. The fuel composition according to claim 22, wherein, The fatty acid polyol ester is a fatty acid monoglyceride and / or a fatty acid monopentaerythritol ester.

24. The use of the fuel composition according to any one of claims 1-23 in a fuel engine in a high-altitude region.

25. The application according to claim 24, wherein, The conditions for the application include a pressure of 30-100 kPa.

26. The application according to claim 25, wherein, The conditions for the application include a pressure of 40-90 kPa.

27. The application according to claim 26, wherein, The conditions for the application include a pressure of 50-80 kPa.

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