Production device and weaving method of carbon fiber fabric and carbon fiber fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon fiber fabric production device, a weaving method and a carbon fiber fabric, the carbon fiber fabric production device comprises a creel, a yarn collecting plate, a tension adjusting device and a weaving workbench, the tension adjusting device is connected with a first heating roller and a yarn guide roller set, and the weaving workbench is connected with a let-off roller, a dropper, a harness wire, a reed, a second heating roller and a winding part roller; according to the production device of the carbon fiber fabric, the first heating roller is arranged at the inlet of the yarn guide roller set, so that water-soluble thermoplastic sizing carbon fibers which start to absorb moisture after being stored for a long time recover the yarn spreading performance, and the weaving performance of the fabric is improved; by arranging the second heating roller between the loom reed and the winding part roller, the thickness of the fabric can be further controlled, the porosity of the fabric is reduced, and the apparent quality of the fabric is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance fiber weaving, in particular to a combined production device and a weaving method for carbon fiber fabric sized with a water-soluble thermoplastic sizing agent, and specifically to a production device and a weaving method for carbon fiber fabric and carbon fiber fabric. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP) have been widely used in aerospace, military, automotive, sporting goods and other fields due to their excellent fatigue resistance and high temperature resistance. When carbon fiber is used to reinforce thermoplastic resin, the performance of the composite material depends not only on the interface structure of the carbon fiber and the resin, but also on the internal planar interweaving network of the interwoven fiber prepreg. The use of water-soluble thermoplastic sizing agents can effectively improve the interfacial bonding between carbon fiber and thermoplastic resin while avoiding the use of large amounts of organic solvents. However, this type of sizing agent has strong hygroscopicity after film formation, especially after long-term storage, the weaving process performance is weakened, and the apparent quality of the resulting fabric is poor, which in turn affects the interlaminar shear strength and wet retention rate of the subsequent composite material, limiting the application level and field of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites as high-performance structural materials.

[0003] The patent CN202111127369.5 discloses a motor-driven vibration yarn spreading device and method thereof. The use of a width-adjustable yarn spreading device can smoothly spread the carbon fiber surface, but the spreading width is limited, and there are also uneven yarn spreading and unsatisfactory gap elimination. CN202223318413.3 and CN202222280197.1 and others have proposed that heating operations can further optimize fiber yarn spreading, but they are all aimed at the prepreg process rather than the fabric weaving process. There is currently no suitable solution to the problem of sizing carbon fiber fabrics with water-soluble thermoplastic sizing agents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art that carbon fiber fabrics sized with water-soluble thermoplastic sizing agents are difficult to weave and have high porosity in the fabric, thereby affecting the interlaminar shear strength and wet retention rate of subsequent composite materials, and to provide a production device, a weaving method and an application of carbon fiber fabrics. The production device of the carbon fiber fabric is provided with a first heating roller at the entrance of a yarn guide roller group so that the water-soluble thermoplastic sized carbon fiber that begins to absorb moisture after long-term storage can restore the yarn spreading property and improve the weaving performance of the fabric. By arranging a second heating roller between a loom steel reed and a winding roller, the thickness of the fabric can be further controlled, the porosity of the fabric can be reduced, and the apparent quality of the fabric can be improved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a production device for carbon fiber fabric on the one hand, which includes a yarn frame, a wire collecting plate, a tension adjusting device, and a weaving workbench, wherein the yarn frame is used to convert carbon fiber bobbin yarn into warp yarn; the wire collecting plate is used to concentrate the warp yarn; the tension adjusting device is provided with a first heating roller and a yarn guide roller group, wherein the warp yarn is first heated by the first heating roller and then spread by the yarn guide roller group; the weaving workbench includes a warp feed roller, a warp stop plate, a heald, a reed, a winding roller and a second heating roller located between the reed and the winding roller, and the warp yarn after spreading enters the weaving workbench to participate in weaving to form carbon fiber fabric, wherein the carbon fiber fabric is second heated before being wound up by the winding roller.

[0006] The second aspect of the present invention provides a weaving method for carbon fiber fabrics, which adopts the production device of carbon fiber fabrics described in the present invention, including: passing the carbon fiber through a yarn frame, a wire collecting plate, a first heating roller, a yarn guide roller group, a warp feed roller, a warp drop plate, a heald, a reed, a second heating roller, a winding roller, and winding in sequence.

[0007] A third aspect of the present invention provides a carbon fiber fabric woven by the weaving method of the present invention.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] The production device of the carbon fiber fabric described in the present invention arranges a first heating roller at the entrance of the yarn guide roller group, so that the water-soluble thermoplastic sizing carbon fiber that begins to absorb moisture after long-term storage can restore the yarn spreading property, thereby improving the weaving performance of the fabric. By arranging a second heating roller between the loom reed and the winding part roller, the thickness of the fabric can be further controlled, the porosity of the fabric can be reduced, and the apparent quality of the fabric can be improved.

[0010] The present invention provides an innovative weaving method for the first time. By removing moisture absorbed in the gaps and cavities of the reinforcing fibers, the sizing agent content is increased, and the processability is improved, a fabric for carbon fiber composite materials with more uniform thickness is obtained by weaving. This solves the problem that the current water-soluble thermoplastic sized carbon fibers are difficult to weave after absorbing moisture, and the porosity of the fabric is high, thereby affecting the interlaminar shear strength and wet retention rate of the subsequent composite materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a production device for carbon fiber fabrics. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0013] The present invention provides a production device for carbon fiber fabrics, which comprises: a yarn rack, a wire collecting plate, a tension adjusting device and a weaving workbench, wherein:

[0014] Creel, used to convert carbon fiber bobbins into warp yarns;

[0015] A collecting plate, used for collecting the warp yarns;

[0016] A tension adjustment device is provided with a first heating roller and a yarn guide roller group, wherein the warp yarn is first heated by the first heating roller and then spread by the yarn guide roller group;

[0017] The weaving table includes a warp let-off roller, a dropper, a heald, a reed, a winding roller, and a second heating roller located between the reed and the winding roller. The warp yarn after unwinding enters the weaving table to participate in weaving to form a carbon fiber fabric. Specifically, the warp yarn passes through the warp let-off roller, the dropper, the heald, the reed, the second heating roller, and the winding roller in sequence for winding. The carbon fiber fabric is subjected to a second heating before being wound by the winding roller. It should be noted that the present invention has no special requirements for the weaving method of the weaving table. The weaving method in the prior art can be used, and the present invention will not elaborate on this.

[0018] The winding roller in the present invention refers to a roller for winding the fabric woven into a finished product, such as the carbon fiber fabric of the present invention. The present invention has no special requirements for the roller, and the roller in the prior art can be used for winding, which will not be described in detail in the present invention.

[0019] The present invention arranges a first heating roller at the entrance of the yarn guide roller group, so that the water-soluble thermoplastic sizing carbon fiber that begins to absorb moisture after long-term storage can restore the yarn spreading property, thereby improving the weaving performance of the fabric. At the same time, a second heating roller is arranged between the loom reed and the winding roller to further control the thickness of the fabric, reduce the porosity of the fabric, and improve the apparent quality of the fabric.

[0020] In the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter difference between the first heating roller and the second heating roller is 0-15 mm. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0021] In the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the first heating roller is 15-25 mm, preferably 18-22 mm. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0022] In the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the second heating roller is 20-30 mm, preferably 23-27 mm. By adopting the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved. The present invention provides a weaving method for carbon fiber fabric, the method comprising: the carbon fiber passes through a creel, a wire collecting plate, a first heating roller, a yarn guide roller group, a warp feed roller, a warp drop plate, a heald, a reed, a second heating roller, a winding roller, and a winding.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method specifically comprises: S1. hanging carbon fiber bobbin yarn on a creel to convert it into warp yarn;

[0024] S2. The warp yarns pulled out in step S1 are concentrated through the collecting plate;

[0025] S3. The warp yarn arranged in step S2 is placed in close contact with the first heating roller for a first heating to obtain a softened warp yarn;

[0026] S4. Using the guide roller group to adjust the tension of the softened warp yarn obtained by step S3 to spread the yarn;

[0027] S5. The softened warp yarns unfolded in step S4 are wound around the let-off rollers of the loom and sequentially passed through the dropper, heald and reed to weave to form a carbon fiber fabric;

[0028] S6. The carbon fiber fabric is subjected to a second heating by the second heating roller before being wound up by the winding roller. It is understood that during the second heating, the surface of the carbon fiber fabric is kept in close contact with the second heating roller. The method of the present invention can improve the weaving performance of the fabric.

[0029] To facilitate weaving, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of monofilaments in the carbon fiber tow is 3-24 K, preferably 6-12 K. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature difference between the first heating temperature and the second heating temperature is 160-300° C. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating temperature of the first heating roller is 275-305° C., preferably 290-300° C. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating temperature of the second heating roller is 85-115°C, preferably 95-105°C. By adopting the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the average warp tension of the spread yarn is 210-230cN. By adopting the aforementioned preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loom speed of the weaving workbench is 80-120 r / min. By adopting the above preferred embodiment, the weaving performance of the fabric can be further improved.

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0035] In order to further evaluate the effect of the production equipment and weaving method on the fabric, the fiber spreading property, fabric thickness and fabric porosity of the embodiment and the comparative example were evaluated. The specific test method is as follows:

[0036] 1) Carbon fiber yarn spreading test

[0037] When the width of the fiber bundle on the first guide roller along the warp yarn pulling direction of the loom remains unchanged during weaving, weaving is stopped, and the width of the fiber bundle on the guide roller is measured. At the same time, the width of the fiber bundle on the first guide roller through which the fiber bundle passes is measured, and they are recorded as the width of the carbon fiber bundle after yarn spreading and the width before yarn spreading respectively; the steps are repeated for 3 tests to obtain the average width after yarn spreading. Width before yarn spreading The spread rate of carbon fiber tow is calculated by the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] 2) Fabric porosity test

[0040] Image method: First, use a scanner to scan perpendicular to the surface of the fabric sample to eliminate the problem of fabric angle tilt caused by human factors. The resolution of the scanner is set to 600dpi. Use Photoshop software to smooth and denoise the fabric photos. At the same time, equalization is performed to improve the contrast and make the photos clearer. After converting the photographed fabric image into a grayscale image, while adjusting the grayscale image threshold, observe the image changes in the non-porous structure and the porous structure in the grayscale image, and perform image segmentation; set a 50% threshold to segment the image, and the grayscale image above the threshold is displayed as black, and the grayscale image below the threshold is displayed as white, completing the transformation of the grayscale image to a binary black and white image. Call the program in Photoshop software to calculate the area of ​​the black and white areas in the binary black and white image, and calculate the porosity of the fabric based on the calculated ratio of the black and white areas.

[0041] 3) Fabric thickness test

[0042] The thickness of the sample was tested with reference to the national standard GB / T7689.1-2013 (using a presser foot diameter of 56.43 mm and a pressure of 2.0 kPa).

[0043] The following examples and comparative examples use the same carbon fiber, and the sizing agent of the carbon fiber is a sizing agent with a brand number of HBW02 from Jiangsu Hengbo Composite Materials Co., Ltd.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The raw material used is 12K carbon fiber, and the weaving method is as follows: hang the carbon fiber bobbin yarn on the yarn frame, convert it into warp yarn and collect it through the wire collecting plate; make the carbon fiber close to the first heating roller (temperature: 290℃, diameter: 18mm) at the entrance of the yarn guide roller group, and wind it on the yarn guide roller group; control the tension (215cN) through the yarn guide roller group; pass the carbon fiber through the warp dropper, heald and reed to weave the unit area mass of 400g / m 2 The plain fabric was kept in close contact with the second heating roller (temperature: 95°C, diameter: 25 mm) arranged between the loom reed and the winding roller, and finally the fabric was rolled up (the loom speed was 100 r / min), which was used for the carbon fiber yarn spreading test, the fabric porosity test and the fabric thickness test. The specific implementation results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The raw material used in Example 2 is 12K carbon fiber, and the weaving method is as follows: hang the carbon fiber bobbin yarn on the yarn frame, convert it into warp yarn and collect it through the wire collecting plate; make the carbon fiber close to the first heating roller (temperature: 295°C, diameter: 20mm) at the entrance of the yarn guide roller group, and wind it on the yarn guide roller group; control the tension (215cN) through the yarn guide roller group; pass the carbon fiber through the warp drop sheet, heald and reed to weave the unit area mass of 400g / m 2 The plain fabric was kept in close contact with the second heating roller (temperature: 99°C, diameter: 23mm) arranged between the loom reed and the winding roller, and finally the fabric was rolled up (the loom speed was 100r / min), which was used for the carbon fiber yarn spreading test, the fabric porosity test and the fabric thickness test. The specific implementation results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The raw material used in Example 3 is 12K carbon fiber, and the weaving method is as follows: hang the carbon fiber bobbin yarn on the yarn frame, convert it into warp yarn and collect it through the wire collecting plate; make the carbon fiber close to the first heating roller (temperature: 300°C, diameter: 22mm) at the entrance of the yarn guide roller group, and wind it on the yarn guide roller group; control the tension (215cN) through the yarn guide roller group; pass the carbon fiber through the warp drop sheet, heald and reed to weave the unit area mass of 400g / m 2 The plain fabric was kept in close contact with the second heating roller (temperature: 102°C, diameter: 27 mm) arranged between the loom reed and the winding roller, and finally the fabric was rolled up (the loom speed was 100 r / min), which was used for the carbon fiber yarn spreading test, the fabric porosity test and the fabric thickness test. The specific implementation results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] All are the same as in Example 1. The setting conditions of the heating rollers are shown in Table 1. The difference is that the diameter of the first heating roller is 15 mm, which is not within the preferred range of the present application. The specific implementation effects are shown in Table 2.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] All are the same as in Example 1. The setting conditions of the heating roller are shown in Table 1. The difference is that the diameter of the second heating roller is 30 mm. The specific implementation effects are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] All are the same as in Example 1. The setting conditions of the heating rollers are shown in Table 1. The difference is that the temperature of the first heating roller is 75° C. The specific implementation effects are shown in Table 2.

[0056] Example 7

[0057] All are the same as in Example 1. The setting conditions of the heating roller are shown in Table 1. The difference is that the temperature of the second heating roller is 65° C. The specific implementation effects are shown in Table 2.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] All conditions are the same as those in Example 1, except that only the first heating roller is provided in the production device. The specific implementation effects are shown in Table 2.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] All conditions are the same as those in Example 1, except that the production device is not provided with any heating roller. Specific implementation results are shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 1. Settings of heating rollers during weaving in various embodiments

[0063]

[0064] Table 2. Specific characteristic indicators

[0065] Fiber spreading rate (%) Fabric thickness (mm) Porosity of fabric (%) Example 1 59.96 0.512 2.75 Example 2 60.84 0.511 2.74 Example 3 61.30 0.511 2.72 Example 4 57.98 0.517 2.86 Example 5 58.63 0.515 2.84 Example 6 52.38 0.561 2.98 Example 7 52.92 0.557 2.96 Comparative Example 1 49.81 0.570 3.08 Comparative Example 2 40.56 0.578 3.65

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production device for carbon fiber fabric, characterized in that: The production unit includes: Creel, used to convert carbon fiber bobbins into warp yarns; A collecting plate, used for collecting the warp yarns; The tension adjusting device is provided with a first heating roller and a yarn guide roller group, wherein the warp yarn is first heated by the first heating roller and then spread by the yarn guide roller group; The weaving workbench comprises a reed, a winding roller and a second heating roller located between the reed and the winding roller. The warp yarn after yarn spreading enters the weaving workbench to participate in weaving to form a carbon fiber fabric, wherein the carbon fiber fabric is subjected to a second heating before being wound up by the winding roller.

2. The production device according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter difference between the first heating roller and the second heating roller is 0-15 mm.

3. The production device according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the first heating roller is 15-25 mm, preferably 18-22 mm; and / or The diameter of the second heating roller is 20-30 mm, preferably 23-27 mm.

4. A weaving method for carbon fiber fabric, characterized in that: The weaving method includes: The carbon fiber is sequentially passed through the creel, the collecting plate, the first heating roller, the yarn guide roller group, the reed, the second heating roller, and the winding roller; Preferably, the method specifically comprises: S1. Hang the carbon fiber bobbin yarn on the creel and convert it into warp yarn; S2. The warp yarns pulled out in step S1 are concentrated through the collecting plate; S3. The warp yarn arranged in step S2 is placed in close contact with the first heating roller for a first heating to obtain a softened warp yarn; S4. Spreading the softened warp yarn obtained by step S3 using a yarn guide roller group; S5. The softened warp yarns unfolded in step S4 are fed into a weaving table to participate in weaving to form a carbon fiber fabric; S6. Performing a second heating on the carbon fiber fabric by the second heating roller before being wound up by the winding roller.

5. The knitting method according to claim 4, wherein: The number of monofilaments of the carbon fiber is 3-24K, preferably 6-12K.

6. The knitting method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: The temperature difference between the first heating and the second heating is 160-300°C.

7. The weaving method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: The first heating temperature is 275-305°C, preferably 290-300°C; and / or The second heating temperature is 85-115°C, preferably 95-105°C.

8. The knitting method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein: In step S4, the average warp tension of the spread yarn is 210-230 cN.

9. The weaving method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein: The loom speed of the weaving workbench is 80-120r / min.

10. A carbon fiber fabric woven by the weaving method according to any one of claims 4 to 9.

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