Antistatic antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of textile fibers, in particular to an antistatic antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, which is characterized in that the nano-metal particles are fixed on the surface of a textile fiber structure through a coupling agent, and the nano-metal particles are dispersed by organic conductor molecules; meanwhile, the organic conductor molecules can be linked with two or more nano-metal particles at the same time, so that on one hand, the nano-metal particles are dispersed (not agglomerated), and on the other hand, the nano-metal particles are woven into a net-shaped structure, so that the whole fiber surface has certain conductivity, and an antistatic function is generated; the nano-metal particles have good antimicrobial performance, so that the multifunctional textile fiber with good stability, dispersibility, antibacterial and antiviral performance and antistatic performance is prepared, and the nano-metal particles are particularly suitable for the field of anti-cross-infection packaging bags.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of textile fibers, in particular to an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the global logistics and warehousing industry, the risk of microbial cross-infection of packaging and transportation materials has become a focus of attention. Taking container bags as an example, their reusable nature (such as transporting feed, chemical raw materials, and agricultural products) can easily lead to microbial residues. At the same time, under high humidity and high temperature conditions, container bags are prone to adsorb moisture and organic matter due to their porous structure, thereby forming a "microenvironment" for microbial reproduction, causing the goods to mold. In addition, during the packaging and transportation process, the static electricity voltage generated by fiber friction can reach more than 10kV. For example, the friction coefficient of polypropylene fiber is 0.35, and the static electricity half-life is >60s when the humidity is <40%. Static electricity makes the fiber surface an adsorption center for dust and microorganisms. The adsorption capacity of electrostatic fibers for bacteria with a particle size of <5μm (such as Staphylococcus aureus) is 8 times that of ordinary fibers, and it is difficult to remove them through conventional cleaning (residual rate >60%), which directly leads to "secondary pollution."

[0003] Therefore, the antistatic and antimicrobial properties of textile fibers have been upgraded from "additional functions" to "survival needs" in the packaging and transportation industry. Its essence is to solve two core contradictions: health and safety barriers and the vicious cycle of static electricity and pollution in complex scenarios. In existing technologies, antibacterial fibers are mostly loaded with nano-metal particles, but there are problems such as agglomeration, easy shedding, and insufficient conductivity.

[0004] Therefore, according to the above-mentioned related technologies, it is urgent to develop an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles, so as to provide a multifunctional textile fiber with antibacterial, antiviral and antistatic properties, which is suitable for the field of anti-cross-infection packaging bags.

[0006] Based on the above objectives, the present invention provides an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles.

[0007] The invention discloses an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano metal particles, comprising a fiber substrate, nano metal particles covalently bonded to the surface of the fiber substrate, and organic matter covering the nano metal particles.

[0008] Preferably, the fiber substrate is any one of polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber.

[0009] Preferably, the nano-metal particles are any one of silver nano-particles, copper nano-particles and core-shell structure nano-metal particles.

[0010] Preferably, the inner core of the core-shell structured nano-metal particle is a silver / copper alloy, and the shell layer of the core-shell structured nano-metal particle is silicon dioxide.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation process of the core-shell structured nano-metal particles is as follows: AgNO3, CuCl2 and oleic acid are mixed and reduced at 180°C to form a core, a coupling agent is added, and a SiO2 shell is formed under the catalysis of ammonia water. After centrifugal purification, the mixture is dispersed in ethanol to obtain core-shell structured nano-metal particles. Both ends of the coupling agent have functional groups, and the two ends of the coupling agent are connected to the fiber substrate and the nano-metal particles respectively. One end of the coupling agent is fixed to the surface of the fiber substrate, and the other end of the coupling agent is connected to the nano-metal particles, which can ensure that the nano-metal particles do not fall off easily. The particle size of the nano metal particles is less than 10 nm. The nano metal particles are particles with antimicrobial properties, and small particle sizes can have good antibacterial and antiviral properties.

[0012] The coupling agent is any one of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-aminotrimethoxysilane.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of AgNO3 is 5mM, and the concentration of CuCl2 is 2mM.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the shell layer of the core-shell structured nano-metal particles is 1-5 nm.

[0015] Preferably, the organic substance is any one of rubrene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and a polythiophene-rubrene derivative.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation process of the antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of the nano metal particles is as follows: Step S1. treating the fiber substrate with low-temperature plasma to oxidize the surface of the fiber substrate to generate hydroxyl groups, thereby obtaining pretreated fibers; Step S2. Immerse the pretreated fiber in a chloroform solution containing organic matter for 50-60 minutes, perform ultrasonic-assisted film formation, take it out, rinse it with pure water for 3 times, spray the nano-metal particle suspension on its surface, and perform thermal crosslinking at 60-90°C for 8-10 hours to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0017] Preferably, the gas used in the low-temperature plasma treatment in step S1 is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150 W, and the treatment time is 10 min; the solid content of the nano metal particle suspension in step S2 is 0.5 wt%.

[0018] The organic matter has functional groups such as carboxyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups at both ends, which are convenient for chelating with adjacent nano-metal particles to form textile fibers with antistatic properties.

[0019] The nano-metal particles are fixed on the surface of the fiber substrate through a coupling agent. The nano-metal particles are dispersed by organic molecules. At the same time, the organic molecules can simultaneously connect two or more nano-metal particles, thereby dispersing the nano-metal particles to prevent them from agglomerating, and weaving the nano-metal particles into a mesh structure, so that the entire fiber surface has a certain conductivity, thereby producing an antistatic function; Nanoparticles themselves have good antimicrobial properties, and can be used to prepare multifunctional textile fibers with good stability, dispersibility, antibacterial, antiviral and antistatic properties, which are suitable for the field of anti-cross-infection packaging bags.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles. The present invention fixes the nano-metal particles on the surface of the textile fiber structure through a coupling agent, and the nano-metal particles are dispersed by organic conductor molecules. At the same time, the organic conductor molecules can simultaneously link two or more nano-metal particles, so that on the one hand, the nano-metal particles are dispersed (without agglomeration), and on the other hand, the nano-metal particles are woven into a mesh structure, so that the entire fiber surface has a certain conductivity, thereby generating an antistatic function; because the nano-metal particles themselves have good antimicrobial properties, the multifunctional textile fiber with good stability, dispersibility, antibacterial and antiviral properties, and antistatic properties is prepared therefrom, and is particularly suitable for the field of anti-cross-infection packaging bags. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a sample of the antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] The sources and properties of some of the raw materials used in the present invention are as follows: Embodiment 1: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polypropylene fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas during the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150W, and the treatment time is 10min; S2. The pretreated fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing rubrene for 50 min, and the film was formed by ultrasound. Then, the fiber was taken out and rinsed with pure water for 3 times, and then a silver nanoparticle suspension with a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm was sprayed on the surface, and then thermally cross-linked at 60°C for 10h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0025] Embodiment 2: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polyester fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups, thereby obtaining a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas used in the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150 W, and the treatment time is 10 min; S2. The pretreated fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing poly (3-hexylthiophene) for 55 minutes, and the film was formed by ultrasound. Then, it was taken out and rinsed with pure water for 3 times, and then a copper nanoparticle suspension with a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm was sprayed on the surface, and thermally cross-linked at 75°C for 9h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0026] Embodiment 3: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polypropylene fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas during the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150W, and the treatment time is 10min; S2. The pretreated fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing poly(p-phenylene vinylene) for 60 minutes, and ultrasonic-assisted film formation was performed. The fiber was then taken out and rinsed with pure water for 3 times. A silver nanoparticle suspension with a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm was sprayed on the surface of the fiber, and thermally cross-linked at 90°C for 8h to form an organic covalent bonding interface. Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0027] Embodiment 4: A method for preparing core-shell structured nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: AgNO3, CuCl2 and oleic acid are mixed so that the concentration of AgNO3 is 5mM and the concentration of CuCl2 is 2mM, and reduced at 180°C to form an inner core. TES is added to form a SiO2 shell with a thickness of 1-5nm under the catalysis of ammonia water. After centrifugal purification, the mixture is dispersed in ethanol to obtain core-shell structured nano-metal particles.

[0028] Embodiment 5: A method for preparing core-shell structured nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: AgNO3, CuCl2 and oleic acid are mixed so that the concentration of AgNO3 is 5mM and the concentration of CuCl2 is 2mM, and reduced at 180°C to form an inner core. 3-aminotrimethoxysilane is added to form a SiO2 shell with a thickness of 1-5nm under the catalysis of ammonia water. After centrifugal purification, the mixture is dispersed in ethanol to obtain core-shell structured nanometal particles.

[0029] Example 6: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polypropylene fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas during the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150W, and the treatment time is 10min; S2. The pretreated fiber is immersed in a chloroform solution containing P3HT and rubrene, wherein the concentration of P3HT is 0.3wt% and the concentration of rubrene is 0.1wt%, and the fiber is immersed for 50min, and the film is formed by ultrasound assistance, and then the fiber is taken out, rinsed with pure water for 3 times, and then the core-shell structure nano-metal particle suspension prepared in Example 4 with a solid content of 0.5wt% is sprayed on the surface, and the fiber is thermally cross-linked at 60°C for 10h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0030] Example 7: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polyester fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups, thereby obtaining a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas used in the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150 W, and the treatment time is 10 min; S2. The pretreated fiber is immersed in a chloroform solution containing P3HT and rubrene, wherein the concentration of P3HT is 0.3wt% and the concentration of rubrene is 0.1wt%, and the fiber is immersed for 55min, and the film is formed by ultrasound assistance, and then the fiber is taken out, rinsed with pure water for 3 times, and then the core-shell structure nano-metal particle suspension prepared in Example 5 with a solid content of 0.5wt% is sprayed on the surface, and the fiber is thermally cross-linked at 75°C for 9h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0031] Example 8: A method for preparing an antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, comprising the following steps: S1. The polypropylene fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas during the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150W, and the treatment time is 10min; S2. The pretreated fiber is immersed in a chloroform solution containing P3HT and rubrene, wherein the concentration of P3HT is 0.3wt% and the concentration of rubrene is 0.1wt%, and the fiber is immersed for 60min, and the film is formed by ultrasound assistance, and then the fiber is taken out, rinsed with pure water for 3 times, and then the nano-metal particle suspension prepared in Example 4 with a solid content of 0.5wt% is sprayed on the surface, and the fiber is thermally cross-linked at 90°C for 8h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

[0032] Comparative Example 1: S1. Take polypropylene fiber without low-temperature plasma treatment; S2. The fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing rubrene for 50 min, and then ultrasonically assisted film formation was performed, and then the fiber was taken out and rinsed with pure water for 3 times; S3. Spraying a silver nanoparticle suspension having a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm on its surface, and thermally crosslinking at 60°C for 10h; S4. Wash the unbound substances with deionized water, and obtain the comparative textile fibers after drying. Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not undergo low-temperature plasma treatment, and hydroxyl groups cannot be generated on the fiber surface. It is difficult for the nano-metal particles to be covalently bonded to the fiber surface through the coupling agent. Since the nano-metal particles are easy to fall off, the antistatic and antimicrobial properties are poor.

[0033] Comparative Example 2: S1. The polypropylene fiber is treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain a pretreated fiber, wherein the gas during the low-temperature plasma treatment is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150W, and the treatment time is 10min; S2. Spray a silver nanoparticle suspension having a solid content of 0.5 wt % and a particle size of <10 nm directly on the surface of the pretreated fiber, and heat crosslink at 60 ° C for 10 h; S3. Wash the unbound substances with deionized water, and obtain the textile fibers for comparison after drying. Compared with Example 1, without using organic matter to cover the nano-metal particles, the nano-metal particles are easy to agglomerate and cannot form an effective conductive network, and the antistatic performance will be significantly reduced. At the same time, the dispersibility of the nano-metal particles will deteriorate, and the antimicrobial performance may also be affected.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: S1. Without preparing core-shell structured nanometal particles, silver salt and copper salt are directly mixed and reduced to prepare silver-copper mixed nanoparticles; S2. The polypropylene fiber was treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain pretreated fibers, wherein the gas used for the low-temperature plasma treatment was a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power was 150 W, and the treatment time was 10 min; S3. The pretreated fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing rubrene for 50 min, and ultrasonic-assisted film formation was performed, and then it was taken out and rinsed with pure water three times; S4. Spraying a silver-copper mixed nanoparticle suspension having a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm on its surface, and thermally crosslinking at 60°C for 10h; S5. Wash the unbound substances with deionized water, and obtain the textile fibers for comparison after drying. Compared with the case of using core-shell structured nano-metal particles in Examples 6-8, the non-core-shell structured silver-copper mixed nano-particles may have problems such as too fast release of metal ions and poor stability, resulting in reduced durability of antimicrobial performance, and may also affect antistatic performance.

[0035] Comparative Example 4: S1. Preparation of nanoparticles with a core of silver / copper alloy but not wrapped in a SiO2 shell; S2. The polypropylene fiber was treated with low-temperature plasma to oxidize its surface to produce hydroxyl groups to obtain pretreated fibers, wherein the gas used for the low-temperature plasma treatment was a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power was 150 W, and the treatment time was 10 min; S3. The pretreated fiber was immersed in a chloroform solution containing rubrene for 50 min, and ultrasonic-assisted film formation was performed, and then it was taken out and rinsed with pure water three times; S4. Spraying the above nanoparticle suspension having a solid content of 0.5wt% and a particle size of <10nm on its surface, and thermally crosslinking at 60°C for 10h; S5. Wash the unbound substances with deionized water and dry to obtain the comparative textile fibers. Compared with the case where the coupling agent is used in Examples 6-8, without the coupling agent, the nano-metal particles cannot be firmly covalently bonded to the fiber surface and are easily detached, and the stability of the antistatic and antimicrobial properties is greatly reduced.

[0036] Performance Test: The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers in Example 1 were subjected to the following performance tests: Antistatic and antimicrobial polypropylene fiber: radial strength ≥67N@1200D diameter, weft strength ≥65N@1200D diameter, elongation at break >10%, denier tolerance ±50D; Antistatic and antimicrobial polypropylene fiber has an antibacterial property of >99% (also for Escherichia coli ATCC8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538P), and an antiviral property of >99% (test method: "Test method for antiviral properties of textiles (ISO18184:2014 (E)", test strain: H1N1 or H3N2); Biological safety test: refer to GB / T16886.10-2017 standard "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices Part 10: Irritation and Skin Sensitization Test"). This experiment directly applies the test sample (sodium-plated antibacterial and antiviral microporous membrane) and evaluates the skin irritation of the test sample in accordance with GB / T16886.10-2017 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices Part 10: Irritation and Skin Sensitization Test. Apply the patch on both sides of the animal's back. Similarly, apply the gauze soaked in sodium chloride injection to the remaining positions on both sides of the animal's back. Apply for at least 4 hours, remove the patch, mark the contact area, wash with warm water, remove the residual test material, and wipe dry. Observe and score the application site at 1h, 24h, 48h and 72h after the application. Under this test condition, the test sample did not cause skin irritation reaction in the rabbit; Antistatic and antimicrobial polypropylene fiber volume resistivity <1×106 (Ω·cm -1 ), the results are shown in Table 1-5 below: Table 1 Antibacterial performance test results of Example 1

[0037] Table 2 Antibacterial performance test results of Example 1

[0038] Table 3 Antiviral performance test results of Example 1

[0039] Table 4 Antiviral performance test results of Example 1

[0040] Table 5 Antiviral performance test results of Example 1

[0041] Data Analysis: The products obtained in Examples 2-3, 6-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to the following performance tests: Table 6 Experimental results of Examples 2-3, 6-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0042] Data analysis: The product provided by the present invention has good antistatic performance and good antimicrobial performance.

[0043] The present invention fixes nano-metal particles on the surface of a textile fiber structure through a coupling agent, and the nano-metal particles are dispersed by organic conductor molecules. At the same time, the organic conductor molecules can simultaneously link two or more nano-metal particles, thereby dispersing the nano-metal particles (without agglomeration) on the one hand, and weaving the nano-metal particles into a mesh structure on the other hand, so that the entire fiber surface has a certain conductivity, thereby producing an antistatic function; because the nano-metal particles themselves have good antimicrobial properties, multifunctional textile fibers with good stability, dispersibility, antibacterial and antiviral properties, and antistatic properties are prepared therefrom, which are particularly suitable for the field of anti-cross-infection packaging bags.

[0044] In addition, the present invention uses core-shell structure nano metal particles, in which silver ions (Ag + ) destroys bacterial cell membranes, copper ions (Cu 2+) inhibit enzyme activity, and the two work together to produce a "bimetallic antibacterial effect", which is more efficient than a single metal. The high conductivity of silver and the low cost of copper combine to form a cost-effective conductive core. The 1-5nm thick SiO2 shell controls Ag through porosity. + Release rate, avoiding the risk of toxicity and decreased antibacterial durability caused by rapid release. The hydroxyl groups on the SiO2 surface react with coupling agents (such as 3-aminotrimethoxysilane) to enhance the anchoring of nanoparticles on the fiber surface and prevent agglomeration. Rubrene and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) are both high-mobility organic semiconductors that form continuous films after dissolving in chloroform. P3HT (electron donor) and rubrene (electron acceptor) form a built-in electric field through interfacial charge transfer to improve carrier mobility. Organic molecules chelate with nanoparticles through carboxyl / hydroxyl groups, connecting discrete metal particles into a network structure to form a "metal-organic composite conductive path" to accelerate charge migration. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) hydrolyzes to generate silanol (Si-OH), which condenses with the hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form Si-OC bonds; the other end combines with the SiO2 shell through Si-O-Si bonds to achieve covalent bonding of "fiber-coupling agent-nanoparticles". The amino group (-NH2) in 3-aminotrimethoxysilane (APTMS) reacts with the carbonyl group on the fiber surface to form an amide bond, and the methoxy group (-OCH3) condenses with the SiO2 shell after hydrolysis, enhancing the interfacial bonding force and the synergistic enhancement of antimicrobial properties. Rubrene generates photogenerated electron-hole pairs under visible light, promoting Ag + Reduced to elemental silver, it continuously releases antibacterial ingredients.

[0045] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0046] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fiber substrate, nanometer metal particles covalently bonded to the surface of the fiber substrate, and organic matter covering the nanometer metal particles.

2. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber base material is any one of polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber.

3. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-metal particles are any one of silver nano-particles, copper nano-particles and core-shell structure nano-metal particles.

4. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core of the core-shell structure nano-metal particle is a silver / copper alloy, and the shell of the core-shell structure nano-metal particle is silicon dioxide.

5. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation process of the core-shell structured nano metal particles is as follows: AgNO3, CuCl2 and oleic acid are mixed and reduced at 180°C to form a core, a coupling agent is added, and a SiO2 shell is formed under the catalysis of ammonia water. After centrifugal purification, the mixture is dispersed in ethanol to obtain core-shell structured nano-metal particles. The coupling agent is any one of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-aminotrimethoxysilane.

6. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The concentration of the AgNO3 is 5 mM, and the concentration of the CuCl2 is 2 mM.

7. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the shell layer of the core-shell structured nano-metal particles is 1-5 nm.

8. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic substance is any one of rubrene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and polythiophene-rubrene derivatives.

9. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of the nano metal particles is as follows: Step S1. treating the fiber substrate with low temperature plasma to obtain pretreated fibers; Step S2. The pretreated fiber is immersed in a chloroform solution containing organic matter, ultrasonically assisted in film formation, sprayed with a nano-metal particle suspension, and thermally cross-linked at 120° C. for 2 h to form an organic covalent bonding interface; Step S3: washing the unbound substances with deionized water and drying to obtain antistatic and antimicrobial textile fibers of nano-metal particles.

10. The antistatic and antimicrobial textile fiber of nano-metal particles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas used for low-temperature plasma treatment in step S1 is a mixture of argon and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1, the treatment power is 150 W, and the treatment time is 10 min; the solid content of the nano-metal particle suspension in step S2 is 0.5 wt %.

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