An ultra-digging blade system that can be monitored and replaced online

Abstract

This invention relates to an online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging cutter system, comprising: spokes, a guide assembly, an over-digging cutter, and a detection assembly. The outer cylindrical surface of the spokes has a cutter outlet hole, and a receiving space is provided within the spokes, with the outlet hole communicating with the receiving space. The guide assembly includes paired guide blocks, each with a guide groove. The over-digging cutter is located within the receiving space and slidably mounted within the guide groove, allowing it to slide out of the guide groove. A detection blind hole is provided within the over-digging cutter, with a set distance between the bottom of the detection blind hole and the end face of the first end of the over-digging cutter. A detection fluid is provided within the detection blind hole, and the detection assembly communicates with the blind hole, enabling it to detect the pressure within the detection blind hole. This invention provides a receiving space within the spokes, and the over-digging cutter is slidably mounted on the guide blocks within this space. When the over-digging cutter needs replacement, it can be quickly replaced simply by sliding it out of the guide block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling equipment, and more particularly to an over-drilling cutter system capable of online wear monitoring and replacement. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are the primary tools used in modern underground tunnel engineering and are widely applied in infrastructure projects such as urban subways, water conservancy and hydropower projects, railways, and highways. Typically, when TBMs are turning, correcting their course, or before changing the outermost cutter head, they need to use over-digging cutters to radially enlarge the tunnel. Therefore, the over-digging cutter is one of the most important cutting tools equipped on the cutterhead.

[0003] Currently, the over-digging cutters mounted on the cutterhead of tunneling machines are all driven by hydraulic systems and lack wear monitoring systems. This results in drawbacks such as long system response time, low control accuracy, and significant construction errors. Furthermore, replacing new over-digging cutters requires removing the cutter sealing plate and excavating a chamber in the side wall at the cutter's location. Workers then use this chamber space to replace the cutters. This method requires coordination among multiple trades, including manual excavation and welding, making the process cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] This invention provides an online wear monitoring and replacement system for over-digging cutters, aiming to solve the problems of cumbersome operation and low construction efficiency when replacing new over-digging cutters in the prior art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an over-digging cutter system capable of online wear monitoring and replacement, the over-digging cutter system comprising: spokes, guide assembly, over-digging cutter, and detection assembly;

[0008] A knife-out hole is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the spoke, and an accommodating space is provided inside the spoke, with the knife-out hole communicating with the accommodating space;

[0009] The guiding component includes a pair of guide blocks, which are fixedly disposed within the accommodating space, and the guide blocks are provided with guide grooves.

[0010] The over-digging cutter is located within the accommodating space, and the over-digging cutter is slidably installed in the guide groove. The over-digging cutter can slide out of the guide groove, and the first end of the over-digging cutter can extend out of the cutter hole.

[0011] The over-digging cutter has a detection blind hole inside. The distance between the bottom of the detection blind hole and the end face of the first end of the over-digging cutter is a set value. The detection blind hole is filled with detection fluid. The detection component is connected to the blind hole and can detect the pressure inside the detection blind hole.

[0012] Preferably, the over-digging cutter includes a cutter head and a cutter shank connected to each other;

[0013] Both sides of the handle are slidably mounted in the guide groove, and the cutter head can extend out of the cutter hole.

[0014] Preferably, a rack is provided on one side of the tool holder, the length direction of the rack is consistent with the length direction of the guide groove, a drive motor is provided on one of the two guide blocks, and a gear that meshes with the rack is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the drive motor can drive the tool holder to move.

[0015] Preferably, the opening at one end of the detection blind hole is located on the surface of the tool holder, and the other end of the detection blind hole is located inside the tool head.

[0016] Preferably, the over-digger is provided with multiple blind holes of different depths.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-section of the cutter hole is rectangular, a cutter holder is provided inside the cutter hole, a through hole is provided on the cutter holder, and the first end of the over-drilling cutter can extend out of the through hole.

[0018] Preferably, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with three annular sealing grooves, and a dustproof ring, a rod seal and a wear-resistant ring are respectively provided in the three annular sealing grooves.

[0019] Preferably, an observation through hole is provided on one side of the spoke, and the observation through hole is connected to the accommodating space. When the over-digging cutter slides along the guide groove and slides out of the guide groove, the over-digging cutter can be separated from the accommodating space through the observation through hole.

[0020] Preferably, the spokes are provided with a back plate that can cover the observation through hole.

[0021] Preferably, the guide block is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs that are fixedly connected to the spokes.

[0022] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0023] The present invention provides a receiving space within the spokes, and the over-digging cutter is slidably mounted on a guide block within the receiving space. When it is necessary to replace the over-digging cutter, the over-digging cutter can be slid out of the guide block to complete the quick replacement of the over-digging cutter. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the over-digging cutter system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the over-digging cutter system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the spokes in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide component and the over-digging tool in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the super excavator blade in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder structure in this invention.

[0030] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0031] 1: Spoke; 11: Cutter hole; 12: Cutter holder; 13: Through hole; 14: Annular sealing groove; 15: Observation through hole; 16: Back plate;

[0032] 2: Guide assembly; 21: Guide block; 22: Guide groove; 23: Drive motor; 24: Reinforcing rib;

[0033] 3: Over-digging tool; 31: Blind hole inspection tool; 32: Tool head; 33: Tool holder; 34: Rack;

[0034] 4: Detection components. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] This invention provides an online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging cutter system, comprising: spokes 1, guide assembly 2, over-digging cutter 3, and detection assembly 4. A cutter outlet hole 11 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the spokes 1, and a receiving space is provided within the spokes 1, with the cutter outlet hole 11 communicating with the receiving space. The guide assembly 2 includes paired guide blocks 21, which are fixedly disposed within the receiving space, and each guide block 21 has a guide groove 22. The over-digging cutter 3 is located within the receiving space and is slidably mounted within the guide groove 22, allowing it to slide out of the guide groove 22, with its first end extending beyond the cutter outlet hole 11. A detection blind hole 31 is provided within the over-digging cutter 3, with a set distance between the bottom of the detection blind hole 31 and the end face of the first end of the over-digging cutter 3. Detection fluid is provided within the detection blind hole 31, and the detection assembly 4 communicates with the blind hole, enabling the detection assembly 4 to detect the pressure within the detection blind hole 31.

[0040] In this invention, the spokes 1 are part of the cutterhead. A detection blind hole 31 is provided within the over-digging cutter 3, and this blind hole 31 is connected to a detection component 4. The detection component 4 is a hydraulic pipeline, specifically a hydraulic pump connected to the blind hole 31 via a pipeline equipped with a pressure gauge. The hydraulic pump is used to pump a detection fluid at a set pressure into the blind hole 31. When the blind hole 31 is filled with high-pressure detection fluid, and the over-digging cutter 3 wears through the blind hole 31, the detection fluid will leak from the blind hole 31. The detection component 4 can then detect the decrease in pressure within the blind hole 31, achieving online detection of the over-digging cutter 3. A receiving space is provided within the spokes 1, and the over-digging cutter 3 is slidably mounted on a guide block 21 within this space. When the over-digging cutter 3 needs to be replaced, it can simply be slid out of the guide block 21, completing real-time detection and rapid replacement of the over-digging cutter 3.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the over-digging cutter 3 includes a cutter head 32 and a cutter shank 33 connected to each other. The opposite sides of the cutter shank 33 are slidably mounted within guide grooves 22, and the cutter head 32 can extend out of the cutter hole 11. Specifically, the guide grooves 22 on the two guide blocks 21 are arranged opposite to each other, and the distance between the bottoms of the two guide grooves 22 is equal to the width of the cutter shank 33, meaning that both sides of the cutter shank 33 in the width direction are located within the corresponding guide grooves 22, thereby achieving a sliding connection between the over-digging cutter 3 and the guide blocks 21. The guide blocks 21 are provided with multiple reinforcing ribs 24 fixedly connected to the spokes 1.

[0042] A rack 34 is provided on one side of the tool holder 33. The length direction of the rack 34 is consistent with the length direction of the guide groove 22. A drive motor 23 is provided on one of the two guide blocks 21. A gear that meshes with the rack 34 is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor 23. The drive motor 23 can drive the tool holder 33 to move. By using the drive motor 23 and cooperating with the gear and rack 34 for transmission, the over-digging tool 3 can achieve rapid response and precise control. In addition, the drive motor 23 is connected to the tool holder 33 through the gear and rack 34. The drive motor 23 can self-lock the tool holder 33, so that the sliding of the tool holder 33 on the guide block 21 can only be driven by the drive motor 23. Specifically, the drive motor 23 can be a stepper motor, and the rack 34 is welded to the tool holder 33 of the over-digging tool 3. By using the stepper motor to drive the tool holder 33 to move, the feed rate of the cutter head 32 can be precisely controlled. At the same time, when retracting the tool, only the stepper motor needs to be reversed.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the opening at one end of the detection blind hole 31 is located on the surface of the tool holder 33, and its opening is used to connect to the detection assembly 4 via a flexible hose. The other end of the detection blind hole 31 is located inside the tool head 32. Multiple detection blind holes 31 of different depths are provided inside the over-digging tool 3, enabling gradient detection to determine the degree of wear of the tool head 32. Specifically, three detection blind holes 31 of different depths can be provided, with the bottom of the three detection blind holes 31 being 5mm, 10mm, and 15mm away from the first end face of the over-digging tool 3, respectively.

[0044] Furthermore, the cutter hole 11 has a rectangular cross-section, and a cutter holder 12 is provided inside the cutter hole 11. A through hole 13 is provided on the cutter holder 12, allowing the first end of the over-drilling cutter 3 to extend out of the through hole 13. Three annular sealing grooves 14 are provided on the inner wall of the through hole 13, and a dustproof ring, a rod seal, and a wear-resistant ring are respectively installed in the three annular sealing grooves 14. The cutter holder 12 and the guide block 21 simultaneously serve to support the over-drilling cutter 3.

[0045] Finally, an observation through-hole 15 is provided on one side of the spoke 1, which communicates with the accommodating space. When the over-digging cutter 3 slides along the guide groove 22 and slides out of the guide groove 22, the over-digging cutter 3 can detach from the accommodating space through the observation through-hole 15. When the wear of the over-digging cutter 3 reaches its limit and needs to be replaced, the stepper motor is controlled to reverse until the over-digging cutter 3 is completely detached from the guide block 21, and the over-digging cutter 3 is taken out from the observation through-hole 15 opened at the bottom of the steel structure at the end of the spoke 1. Then, a new over-digging cutter 3 is installed in the reverse order. A back plate 16 is provided on the spoke 1, which can cover the observation through-hole 15. The back plate 16 can be fixedly installed on the spoke 1 by screws. The back plate 16, which is connected by bolts, and the spatial layout of the over-digging cutter 3 structure are planned, so that the over-digging cutter 3 can be replaced in limited and harsh environments.

[0046] It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical approach and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super excavator cutter system with online wear monitoring and replacement, characterized in that, The over-digging cutter system includes: spokes (1), guide assembly (2), over-digging cutter (3), and detection assembly (4); The spoke (1) has a receiving space inside, and the outer circular surface of the spoke (1) has a knife hole (11) that communicates with the receiving space. The guide component (2) includes a pair of guide blocks (21), the guide blocks (21) are fixedly disposed in the accommodating space, and the guide blocks (21) are provided with guide grooves (22). The over-digging cutter (3) is located in the accommodating space, and the over-digging cutter (3) is slidably installed in the guide groove (22). The over-digging cutter (3) can slide out of the guide groove (22), and the first end of the over-digging cutter (3) can extend out of the cutter hole (11). The super excavator (3) is provided with a detection blind hole (31). The distance between the bottom of the detection blind hole (31) and the end face of the first end of the super excavator (3) is a set value. The detection blind hole (31) is provided with detection fluid. The detection component (4) is connected to the detection blind hole (31). The detection component (4) can detect the pressure inside the detection blind hole (31). An observation through hole (15) is provided on one side of the spoke (1). The observation through hole (15) is connected to the accommodating space. When the over-digging cutter (3) slides along the guide groove (22) and slides out of the guide groove (22), the over-digging cutter (3) can detach from the accommodating space through the observation through hole (15).

2. The online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging tool system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The over-digging cutter (3) includes a cutter head (32) and a cutter shank (33) connected to each other. The blade holder (33) is slidably mounted on both sides of the guide groove (22), and the blade head (32) can extend out of the blade outlet hole (11).

3. The over-digging cutter system with online wear monitoring and replacement as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A rack (34) is provided on one side of the tool holder (33). The length direction of the rack (34) is consistent with the length direction of the guide groove (22). A drive motor (23) is provided on one of the two guide blocks (21). A gear that meshes with the rack (34) is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the drive motor (23). The drive motor (23) can drive the tool holder (33) to move.

4. The online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging cutter system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The opening at one end of the detection blind hole (31) is located on the surface of the handle (33), and the other end of the detection blind hole (31) is located inside the blade head (32).

5. The online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging tool system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The super excavator (3) is provided with multiple blind holes (31) of different depths.

6. The online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging tool system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cross-section of the cutter hole (11) is rectangular. A cutter holder (12) is provided inside the cutter hole (11). A through hole (13) is provided on the cutter holder (12). The first end of the over-drilling cutter (3) can extend out of the through hole (13).

7. The over-digging cutter system with online wear monitoring and replacement as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the through hole (13) is provided with three annular sealing grooves (14), and the three annular sealing grooves (14) are respectively provided with a dustproof ring, a rod seal and a wear-resistant ring.

8. The online wear monitoring and replacement over-digging tool system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A back plate (16) is provided on the spoke (1), and the back plate (16) can cover the observation through hole (15).

9. The over-digging cutter system with online wear monitoring and replacement as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The guide block (21) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs (24) that are fixedly connected to the spokes (1).

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