Anti-surge volute structure and turbine fluid machinery using the same

Abstract

The present invention provides an anti-surge volute structure and a turbine fluid machinery using the same, wherein the middle ejector plate has a left drainage surface, a right drainage surface, a middle ejector flow path, and an ejector plate outlet end; the inner sidewalls of the left inlet ring section and the right inlet ring section form a concave and convex wave structure along the ring section; the middle ejector flow path runs through the left inlet volute, the right inlet volute, and the middle ejector plate; a flow path structure that gradually contracts along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section and the left drainage surface, and a flow path structure that gradually contracts along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section and the right drainage surface; the outlet of the middle ejector flow path is located at the position of the leading edge of the blade near the hub side. Due to the improvement of the volute structure and the turbine fluid machinery using the same, the problems of poor adaptability, large flow loss, poor variable operating performance, low efficiency, and high surge are solved, thereby improving the operating performance and operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fluid machinery, in particular to an anti-surge volute structure, and more particularly to a turbine fluid machinery using the same. Background Art

[0002] Compressors, pumps, fans, and turbines are all common working components in the field of fluid machinery, and they are crucial for production and daily life. For example, centrifugal compressors are typically capable of achieving high pressures in gases. These compressors are typically bladed rotary machines. The working principle of a centrifugal compressor is that gas enters the impeller and, driven by the impeller's blades, follows the high-speed rotation of the impeller while flowing toward the impeller outlet under the centrifugal force of the rotation. The impeller's diffuser increases the gas's pressure and kinetic energy. Subsequently, within the diffuser, this kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, further increasing the gas pressure. A turbine converts a high-enthalpy gas flow from upstream into a low-enthalpy gas flow, converting the gas's internal energy into kinetic energy. This energy then drives the impeller's rotating shaft, converting the kinetic energy into mechanical energy. Its main flow components include the volute, nozzle, impeller, and diffuser. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas enters the volute, then flows into the nozzle, impeller, and diffuser. Finally, the low-temperature, low-pressure gas leaves the turbine, delivering work.

[0003] The fundamental cause of surge in fluid machinery is the local distortion of the airflow field at low flow rates. Specifically, when the flow rate is too low, the airflow first experiences a pressure change at the impeller outlet, generating an airflow disturbance at the outlet. This airflow disturbance propagates along the impeller hub line toward the impeller inlet. When it reaches the leading edge of the main blades, it transforms into a circumferential distortion of the airflow outside the impeller inlet. This circumferential distortion is the surge phenomenon. The volute is a commonly used flow-passing component in compressors, pumps, fans, and turbine machinery. Its structural layout directly affects the frequency of surge. By designing the volute structure, the safe operation of the unit can be guaranteed and its operating efficiency improved. Therefore, optimizing the volute design is essential.

[0004] Prior art CN201582209U discloses an anti-surge structure for a turbocharger compressor volute, comprising a compressor volute 1 having a plurality of circular holes 11 formed on its inner wall. The direction of the circular holes 11 is substantially consistent with the direction of the airflow into the compressor volute 1 during operation of the turbocharger. The plurality of circular holes 11 are evenly arranged in a circular pattern on the inner wall of the compressor volute 1. An annular groove 13 is provided on the inner wall of the compressor volute 1 at the tail end of the plurality of circular holes 11, connecting the plurality of circular holes 11 with the air inlet 12 of the compressor volute 1. The plurality of circular holes 11 and the annular groove 13 widen the compressor flow rate, thereby preventing surge and blockage of the turbocharger.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned volute has design limitations, which only involves the design of some non-universal volute structures and does not fundamentally change the volute structure. It has poor adaptability, large flow losses, poor variable operating performance, low efficiency, and high surge. Therefore, in response to these problems, the applicant proposes an anti-surge volute structure and a turbine fluid machinery using the same to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve operating performance and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an anti-surge volute structure and a turbine fluid machinery using the same.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An anti-surge volute structure, which includes a shaft, a hub, blades, and a volute; the blades are installed on the hub to form an impeller, and the shaft passes through the volute and is connected to the hub; the characteristics are: the volute is composed of a left inlet volute, a right inlet volute, an intermediate ejector plate, and an outlet housing; the left inlet volute and the right inlet volute are located on both sides of the intermediate ejector plate; the left inlet volute includes a left inlet ring section, a left outlet section, and a left inlet portion, and the right inlet volute includes a right inlet ring section, a right outlet section, and a right inlet portion; the intermediate ejector plate has There are a left guide surface, a right guide surface, a middle guide flow path, and an outlet end of the guide plate; the inner side walls of the left inlet ring section and the right inlet ring section form a concave and convex wave structure along the ring section; the middle guide flow path runs through the left inlet volute, the right inlet volute and the middle guide plate; a flow path structure that gradually shrinks along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section and the left guide surface, and a flow path structure that gradually shrinks along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section and the right guide surface; the outlet of the middle guide flow path is located at the position of the leading edge of the blade close to the hub side.

[0009] Furthermore, in the radial cross-sectional projection of the volute structure, a curve formed by unfolding the waveform structure along a straight line on a plane is a sine function or a cosine function.

[0010] Furthermore, the curve formed by the expansion of the waveform structure in the left inlet volute is a sine function, and the curve formed by the expansion of the waveform structure in the right inlet volute is a cosine function.

[0011] Furthermore, there is an angle between the inlet direction of the left inlet portion and the inlet direction of the right inlet portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle is 30° to 60°.

[0013] Furthermore, the left outflow section and the left guide surface form a tapered fluid channel in the flow direction, the axial inlet width of the left inlet is L1, and the axial outlet width of the left outlet is W1, wherein 0.3L1<W1≤0.5L1.

[0014] Furthermore, the right outflow section and the right guide surface form a tapered fluid channel in the flow direction, the axial inlet width of the right inlet is L2, and the axial outlet width of the right outlet is W2, wherein 0.5L2≤W2<0.8L2.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial inlet width L1 of the left inlet and the axial inlet width L2 of the right inlet have the following relationship: L1≤L2.

[0016] Furthermore, the axial outlet width W1 of the left outlet and the axial outlet width W2 of the right outlet have the following relationship: W1 ≥ W2.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial cross-section of the middle injection flow path is an elliptical structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the outflow end portion of the ejector plate is in a semicircular, triangular or truncated cone structure.

[0019] A turbine fluid machinery is characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned anti-surge volute structure.

[0020] The present invention discloses an anti-surge volute structure and a turbine fluid machinery using the same, which comprises a shaft, a hub, blades, and a volute; the blades are mounted on the hub to form an impeller, and the shaft passes through the volute and is connected to the hub; the characteristics are as follows: the volute is composed of a left inlet volute, a right inlet volute, an intermediate ejector plate, and an outlet housing; the left inlet volute and the right inlet volute are located on both sides of the intermediate ejector plate; the left inlet volute comprises a left inlet ring section, a left outlet section, and a left inlet portion, and the right inlet volute comprises a right inlet ring section, a right outlet section, and a right inlet portion The middle ejector plate has a left-side guide surface, a right-side guide surface, a middle ejector flow path, and an ejector plate outlet end. The inner sidewalls of the left and right inlet ring sections form a wavy structure along the ring sections. The middle ejector flow path runs through the left and right inlet volutes, as well as the middle ejector plate. A flow path structure that tapers along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section and the left guide surface, while a flow path structure that tapers along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section and the right guide surface. The outlet of the middle ejector flow path is located at the leading edge of the blade near the hub. Due to improvements to the volute structure and the turbine fluid machinery using it, problems such as poor adaptability, large flow losses, poor variable operating performance, low efficiency, and high surge have been resolved, thereby improving operating performance and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a volute in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axial section of the volute structure;

[0023] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the axial section of the volute structure;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wave structure unfolded along a straight line on a plane.

[0025] In the figure: shaft 1, hub 2, blades 3, volute 4, left inlet volute 41, left inlet ring section 411, left outlet section 412, left inlet portion 413, right inlet volute 42, right inlet ring section 421, right outlet section 422, right inlet portion 423, intermediate ejector plate 43, left guide surface 431, right guide surface 432, intermediate ejector flow path 433, ejector plate outlet end portion 434, outlet shell 44, corrugated structure 5, axial inlet width L1 of left inlet 414, axial outlet width W1 of left outlet, axial inlet width L2 of right inlet 424, axial outlet width W2 of right outlet 425. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1-4As shown, an anti-surge volute structure includes a shaft 1, a hub 2, blades 3, and a volute 4; the blades 3 are installed on the hub 2 to form an impeller, and the shaft 1 passes through the volute 4 and is connected to the hub 2; it is characterized in that: the volute 4 is composed of a left inlet volute 41, a right inlet volute 42, an intermediate deflector plate 43, and an outlet shell 44; the left inlet volute 41 and the right inlet volute 42 are located on both sides of the intermediate deflector plate 43; the left inlet volute 41 includes a left inlet ring section 411, a left outflow section 412, and a left inlet portion 413, and the right inlet volute 42 includes a right inlet ring section 421, a right outflow section 422, and a right inlet portion 423; the intermediate deflector plate 43 has a left guide surface 431, a right guide surface 432, an intermediate guide flow path 433, and an outlet end portion 434 of the guide plate; the inner side walls of the left inlet ring section 411 and the right inlet ring section 421 form a concave and convex wave structure 5 along the ring section; the intermediate guide flow path 433 runs through the left inlet volute 41, the right inlet volute 42 and the intermediate guide plate 43; a flow path structure that gradually shrinks along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section 412 and the left guide surface 431, and a flow path structure that gradually shrinks along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section 422 and the right guide surface 432; the outlet of the intermediate guide flow path 433 is located at a position where the leading edge of the blade 3 is close to the side of the hub 2.

[0029] The shape and structure of the volute significantly affect the aerodynamic efficiency of the air. The fluid enters the volute through the left inlet 413 and the right inlet 423. The geometric characteristics of the volute will cause the distribution of the relative velocity of the fluid, which will affect the distribution of the flow state along the wall and ultimately affect the loss and efficiency caused by vibration. The volute in this application is different from the conventional volute in the prior art. After research, the applicant found that the quality of the flow wall structure design of the volute directly affects the intensity of surge. In response to the above problems, the applicant optimized the flow wall structure of the volute and adopted a double volute inlet flow. The double volute can be a symmetrical structure. It can also be an asymmetric structure, and can be combined with an intermediate ejector plate 43 for jet drainage. This type of jet drainage accelerates the movement of the fluid, reduces the residence time of the fluid in the volute, and reduces the impact of surge. In addition, the inner wall of the left inlet ring segment 411 and the right inlet ring segment 421 forms an undulating wave-shaped structure along the ring segment, which also makes the contact area of ​​the fluid in the cavity larger, reduces the possibility of surge concentrated in a certain place, and reduces the impact of surge. The tapered flow path structure combined with the intermediate ejector flow path 433 is more conducive to accelerating fluid flow and reducing the impact of surge.

[0030] Furthermore, in the radial cross-sectional projection of the volute structure, the curve formed by the wave-shaped structure 5 unfolding along a straight line on a plane is a sine function or a cosine function.

[0031] Furthermore, the curve formed by expanding the wave-shaped structure 5 in the left inlet volute 41 is a sine function, and the curve formed by expanding the wave-shaped structure 5 in the right inlet volute 42 is a cosine function.

[0032] The waveform surface of the sine function or cosine function plays a vital role in improving the flow state, which can help reduce vibration and stabilize the fluid flow state.

[0033] Furthermore, there is an angle between the inlet direction of the left inlet portion 413 and the inlet direction of the right inlet portion 423 .

[0034] Furthermore, the included angle is 30° to 60°.

[0035] The left inlet portion 413 and the right inlet portion 423 complement each other in terms of inflow, and their structural arrangement enables the fluids to complement each other when entering the impeller, thereby improving circulation efficiency and reducing the possibility of surge.

[0036] Furthermore, the left outflow section 412 and the left guide surface 431 form a tapered fluid channel in the flow direction. The axial inlet width of the left inlet 414 is L1, and the axial outlet width of the left outlet 415 is W1, wherein 0.3L1<W1≤0.5L1.

[0037] Furthermore, the right outflow section 422 and the right guide surface 432 form a tapered fluid channel in the flow direction, the axial inlet width of the right inlet 424 is L2, and the axial outlet width of the right outlet 425 is W2, wherein 0.5L2≤W2<0.8L2.

[0038] Furthermore, the axial inlet width L1 of the left inlet 414 and the axial inlet width L2 of the right inlet 424 have the following relationship: L1≤L2.

[0039] Furthermore, the axial outlet width W1 of the left outlet 415 and the axial outlet width W2 of the right outlet 425 have the following relationship: W1 ≥ W2.

[0040] Furthermore, the axial cross-section of the middle injection flow path 433 is an elliptical structure.

[0041] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the outflow end portion 434 of the ejector plate is in a semicircular, triangular or truncated cone shape.

[0042] A turbine fluid machinery is characterized in that it includes the above-mentioned anti-surge volute structure.

[0043] The present invention discloses an anti-surge volute structure and a turbine fluid machinery using the same, which comprises a shaft, a hub, blades, and a volute; the blades are mounted on the hub to form an impeller, and the shaft passes through the volute and is connected to the hub; the characteristics are as follows: the volute is composed of a left inlet volute, a right inlet volute, an intermediate ejector plate, and an outlet housing; the left inlet volute and the right inlet volute are located on both sides of the intermediate ejector plate; the left inlet volute comprises a left inlet ring section, a left outlet section, and a left inlet portion, and the right inlet volute comprises a right inlet ring section, a right outlet section, and a right inlet portion The middle ejector plate has a left-side guide surface, a right-side guide surface, a middle ejector flow path, and an ejector plate outlet end. The inner sidewalls of the left and right inlet ring sections form a wavy structure along the ring sections. The middle ejector flow path runs through the left and right inlet volutes, as well as the middle ejector plate. A flow path structure that tapers along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section and the left guide surface, while a flow path structure that tapers along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section and the right guide surface. The outlet of the middle ejector flow path is located at the leading edge of the blade near the hub. Due to improvements to the volute structure and the turbine fluid machinery using it, problems such as poor adaptability, large flow losses, poor variable operating performance, low efficiency, and high surge have been resolved, thereby improving operating performance and efficiency.

Claims

1. An anti-surge volute structure, comprising a shaft (1), a hub (2), blades (3), and a volute (4); the blades (3) are mounted on the hub (2) to form an impeller, and the shaft (1) passes through the volute (4) and is connected to the hub (2); characterized in that: The volute (4) is composed of a left inlet volute (41), a right inlet volute (42), an intermediate ejector plate (43), and an outlet housing (44); the left inlet volute (41) and the right inlet volute (42) are located on both sides of the intermediate ejector plate (43); the left inlet volute (41) includes a left inlet ring section (411), a left outlet section (412), and a left inlet portion (413); the right inlet volute (42) includes a right inlet ring section (421), a right outlet section (422), and a right inlet portion (423); the intermediate ejector plate (43) has a left guide surface (431), a right guide surface (432), an intermediate ejector flow path (433), and a right guide surface (434). 33), an ejector plate outflow end portion (434); the inner side walls of the left inflow ring section (411) and the right inflow ring section (421) form a concave and convex wave structure (5) along the ring sections; the middle ejector flow path (433) passes through the left inflow volute (41), the right inflow volute (42) and the middle ejector plate (43); a flow path structure that gradually contracts along the outflow direction is formed between the left outflow section (412) and the left guide surface (431), and a flow path structure that gradually contracts along the outflow direction is formed between the right outflow section (422) and the right guide surface (432); the outlet of the middle ejector flow path (433) is located at a position on the leading edge of the blade (3) close to the hub (2).

2. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the radial cross-sectional projection of the volute structure, the curve formed by the wave-shaped structure (5) unfolding along a straight line on a plane is a sine function or a cosine function.

3. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curve formed by unfolding the waveform structure (5) in the left inlet volute (41) is a sine function, and the curve formed by unfolding the waveform structure (5) in the right inlet volute (42) is a cosine function.

4. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is an angle between the inlet direction of the left inlet portion (413) and the inlet direction of the right inlet portion (423).

5. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle is 30° to 60°.

6. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left outflow section (412) and the left guide surface (431) form a gradually contracting fluid channel in the flow direction. The axial inlet width of the left inlet (414) is L1, and the axial outlet width of the left outlet (415) is W1, wherein 0.3L1<W1≤0.5L1.

7. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The right outflow section (422) and the right guide surface (432) form a tapered fluid channel in the flow direction. The axial inlet width of the right inlet (424) is L2, and the axial outlet width of the right outlet (425) is W2, wherein 0.5L2≤W2<0.8L2.

8. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The axial inlet width L1 of the left inlet (414) and the axial inlet width L2 of the right inlet (424) have the following relationship: L1≤L2.

9. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The axial outlet width W1 of the left outlet (415) and the axial outlet width W2 of the right outlet (425) have the following relationship: W1≥W2.

10. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial cross section of the middle ejection flow path (433) is an elliptical structure.

11. The anti-surge volute structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the outflow end portion (434) of the ejector plate is in a semicircular, triangular or truncated cone structure.

12. A turbine fluid machinery, characterized in that: The turbine fluid machinery includes the anti-surge volute structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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