Vacuum electric arc melting equipment and melting method

Abstract

The invention relates to vacuum electric arc melting equipment and a melting method, and belongs to the technical field of melting devices.The melting equipment comprises a vacuum melting box, a vibration feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism, a clamping, moving, overturning and pouring mechanism, a transition mechanism and a melting mechanism are arranged in the vacuum melting box, and a material bowl is placed on the weighing mechanism; the vibration feeding mechanism is used for conveying metal raw materials into the material bowl, the weighing mechanism is used for weighing the metal raw materials in the material bowl, and the damping mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the weighing mechanism. The clamping, moving, overturning and pouring mechanism is used for clamping the material bowl to move to the transition mechanism and overturning the material bowl so that the metal raw materials in the material bowl can be poured into the smelting bin, the transition mechanism is used for conveying the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism, and the smelting mechanism is used for conducting electric arc smelting on the metal raw materials in the smelting bin. The automation degree of the smelting process is greatly improved, and manual intervention is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smelting devices, and in particular to vacuum arc smelting equipment and a smelting method. Background Art

[0002] Metal smelting is an important part of industrial production and is widely used in the fields of metal master alloy configuration, refractory alloy smelting, etc. Arc smelting, as a kind of electrothermal metallurgical method, occupies an important position in modern metallurgical technology due to its advantages such as high efficiency, rapidity and strong adaptability.

[0003] Vacuum arc melting is a melting method carried out in a closed container, which provides a pure protective atmosphere for the melting process by evacuating or filling with inert gas. Melting in a vacuum environment can effectively avoid the reaction of metal with oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, ensuring the high purity of the smelting material. Despite this, traditional vacuum arc melting equipment still has obvious shortcomings, especially in terms of automation and production efficiency, which urgently need to be improved. Traditional vacuum arc melting equipment mostly adopts a split design, that is, the melting furnace and components such as the electrode control device are separated from each other. Although this design meets the basic melting needs to a certain extent, it also brings the following problems: Poor flexibility: The split design leads to complex equipment layout, inconvenient operation, and difficulty in adapting to diverse production needs.

[0004] Low efficiency: The loading and smelting of raw materials are mostly done manually, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to errors due to human factors.

[0005] Difficult to ensure consistency: It is difficult to achieve precise proportioning and stable smelting process through manual operation, which affects the uniformity and stability of product quality.

[0006] High oxidation risk: During the storage and transportation of raw materials, traditional equipment cannot completely isolate the air, which can easily lead to oxidation or decarburization of high-purity metals, affecting material properties. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a vacuum arc melting device and a melting method.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a vacuum arc melting equipment, including a vacuum melting box, in which a vibration feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism, a clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism, a transition mechanism and a melting mechanism are arranged; A material bowl is placed on the weighing mechanism, the vibrating feeding mechanism is used to convey the metal raw material into the material bowl, the weighing mechanism is used to weigh the metal raw material in the material bowl, and a shock absorbing mechanism for shock absorption is provided at the lower end of the weighing mechanism; The transition mechanism is provided with a smelting bin with an open upper end. The clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism is used to clamp the material bowl and move it to the transition mechanism, and flip the material bowl to pour the metal raw material in the bowl into the smelting bin. The transition mechanism is used to transport the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism, and the smelting mechanism is used to perform arc melting on the metal raw material in the smelting bin.

[0009] Furthermore, the vibration feeding mechanism includes a vibration plate and a material guide trough arranged at the discharge end of the vibration plate and inclined from top to bottom. A fixed frame is also provided in the vacuum melting box, and a funnel located above the material bowl is provided on the fixed frame. The lower end of the material guide trough is located above the funnel.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism includes a first robotic arm, a mounting frame arranged on the first robotic arm, a first rotating cylinder arranged on the mounting frame and a pneumatic finger arranged at the end of the output shaft of the first rotating cylinder. The first rotating cylinder can drive the pneumatic finger to rotate 180 degrees. V-shaped clamping plates are respectively provided on the two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger. The V-shaped grooves of the two V-shaped clamping plates are arranged opposite to each other. The first robotic arm is used to drive the mounting frame to move in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0011] Furthermore, the first mechanical arm includes a first vertical movable module and a first lateral movable module, the first vertical movable module is arranged along a vertical direction, and the first lateral movable module is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the first vertical movable module.

[0012] Furthermore, the shock absorbing mechanism includes a base, on which are arranged, from bottom to top, a first shock absorbing assembly, a second shock absorbing assembly, a support plate and a precision balance. The first shock absorbing assembly includes a plurality of first air columns, the second shock absorbing assembly includes a plurality of second air columns, and the first air columns and the second air columns are arranged in a cross shape.

[0013] Furthermore, the transition mechanism includes a horizontal moving module, the smelting chamber is arranged on the horizontal moving module, the smelting chamber includes a water-cooled crucible, a plurality of smelting pits arranged on the upper end surface of the water-cooled crucible, and a water-cooling channel arranged inside the water-cooled crucible, the water-cooling channel is arranged in an S shape and has a water inlet and a water outlet.

[0014] Further, the smelting mechanism includes a second mechanical arm, a positioning plate arranged on the second mechanical arm, and an arc gun arranged on the positioning plate, and the second mechanical arm is used to drive the positioning plate to move in the vertical and horizontal directions; The second mechanical arm comprises a second vertical movable module and a second lateral movable module. The second vertical movable module is arranged along a vertical direction, and the second lateral movable module is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the second vertical movable module.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning plate is further provided with a third vertical movable module, and the third vertical movable module is provided with a vacuum suction cup, and the vacuum suction cup includes a rod portion and a suction cup portion located at the lower end of the rod portion; After smelting, the metal raw material forms a metal ingot, and a turning mechanism for turning the metal ingot is provided in the vacuum smelting box; The flipping mechanism includes a flipping frame and a rotating cylinder arranged on the flipping frame. The output shaft end of the rotating cylinder is provided with a rotating plate. The rotating cylinder can drive the rotating plate to flip 180 degrees. Two clamping blocks are arranged opposite to each other on the rotating plate, with a gap between the two clamping blocks, which forms a clearance channel for the vacuum suction cup rod to pass through. Trapezoidal grooves are respectively arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks, and a holding space for holding metal ingots is formed between the two trapezoidal grooves.

[0016] The present application also provides a smelting method using the above vacuum arc melting equipment, which comprises the following steps: Step S1, the vibrating feeding mechanism conveys the metal raw material into the material bowl, and the weighing mechanism weighs the metal raw material in the material bowl; Step S2, after weighing is completed, the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism clamps the bowl and moves it to the transition mechanism, and flips the bowl to pour the metal raw materials in the bowl into the smelting bin; Step S3, the transition mechanism transports the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism; Step S4, the second mechanical arm of the smelting mechanism drives the arc gun to move to a suitable position above the metal raw material, and then uses the arc gun to melt the metal raw material; Step S5, through the cooperation of the second mechanical arm, the third vertical moving module and the vacuum suction cup, the metal ingot that has been smelted once is sent to the turning mechanism for turning over, and after turning over, the second mechanical arm, the third vertical moving module and the vacuum suction cup are used to send the turned metal ingot into the smelting bin; Step S6, repeating step S4 to perform secondary smelting on the turned metal ingot.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. The vacuum arc melting equipment of the present invention realizes automatic feeding, weighing, pouring, melting and turning of metal raw materials through the coordinated cooperation of a vibration feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism, a clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism, a transition mechanism and a melting mechanism, which greatly improves the automation degree of the melting process, reduces manual intervention, and reduces the labor intensity of operators.

[0018] 2. The present application utilizes a double layer of air columns, which can effectively reduce vibrations in the z direction. At the same time, the first air column and the second air column are cross-shaped, which can effectively eliminate vibrations in the x and y directions, effectively blocking the vibration of the vibrating plate from being transmitted to the precision balance, reducing the influence of the vibration of the vibrating plate on the weighing accuracy, and ensuring the accuracy of the weighing of the metal raw materials, thereby ensuring the precise control of the metal composition during the smelting process and improving the quality of the metal ingots.

[0019] 3. The clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism adopts a combination of the first mechanical arm, the first rotating cylinder and the pneumatic finger, which can move and accurately clamp the material bowl and flip it, ensuring that the metal raw materials are accurately poured into the smelting bin, avoiding the spillage and waste of raw materials.

[0020] 4. The horizontal moving module and water-cooled crucible design of the transition mechanism can quickly transport the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism, and the temperature of the water-cooled crucible can be quickly reduced through the water-cooling channel to prevent deformation or damage caused by high temperature, while providing safety protection for subsequent turning operations.

[0021] 5. The second mechanical arm and arc gun of the smelting mechanism can accurately control the position of the arc and the heating time, ensuring that the metal raw materials are heated evenly, thereby improving the smelting efficiency and the quality of the metal ingots.

[0022] 6. The turning mechanism can turn the metal ingot 180 degrees through the cooperation of the rotating cylinder and the clamping block, so that both sides of the metal ingot can be fully melted, further improving the quality and composition uniformity of the metal ingot.

[0023] 7. The smelting method of the present invention ensures complete melting and uniform composition of the metal raw materials through secondary smelting and turning operations, thereby improving the quality and performance of the metal ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pneumatic finger of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the weighing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a first axial side view of the transition mechanism and the smelting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 A second axial side view of the transition mechanism and the smelting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum suction cup of the present invention sucking a metal ingot; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card block of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the metal ingot of the present invention is placed between two clamping blocks.

[0025] Markings in the figure: 1. Vacuum melting box, 11. Sliding door, 2. Installation platform, 3. Vibration plate, 31. Material guide trough, 4. Funnel, 5. Weighing mechanism, 51. Base, 52. Second air column, 53. Support plate, 54. Precision balance, 55. First air column, 6. Clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism, 61. Installation frame, 62. First vertical moving module, 63. First horizontal moving module, 64. Pneumatic finger, 641. V Type splint, 65, first rotating cylinder, 7, transition mechanism, 71, horizontal moving module, 72, rectangular frame, 73, water-cooled crucible, 8, smelting mechanism, 81, second vertical moving module, 82, second horizontal moving module, 83, positioning plate, 84, arc gun, 9, third vertical moving module, 91, vacuum suction cup, 92, flip frame, 93, second rotating cylinder, 94, rotating plate, 95, block, 951, trapezoidal groove, 96, make way channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] See also Figure 1-9 The embodiment of the present invention provides a vacuum arc melting device, including a vacuum melting box 1, wherein the vacuum melting box 1 is provided with a vibration feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism 5, a clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism 6, a transition mechanism 7 and a melting mechanism 8; a material bowl is placed on the weighing mechanism 5, the vibration feeding mechanism is used to convey metal raw materials into the material bowl, the weighing mechanism 5 is used to weigh the metal raw materials in the material bowl, the metal raw materials of the present application are metal particles, and a shock absorbing mechanism for shock absorption is provided at the lower end of the weighing mechanism 5; a melting bin with an upper end opening is provided on the transition mechanism 7, the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism 6 is used to clamp the material bowl and move it to the transition mechanism 7, and flip the material bowl to pour the metal raw materials in the material bowl into the melting bin, the transition mechanism 7 is used to convey the melting bin to the melting mechanism 8, and the melting mechanism 8 is used to perform arc melting on the metal raw materials in the melting bin.

[0028] Among them, the vibrating feeding mechanism includes a vibrating plate 3 and a guide trough 31 arranged at the discharge end of the vibrating plate 3 and inclined from top to bottom. The vibrating plate 3 of the present application can be set to multiple, and the vibrating plate 3 can adopt the existing commonly used vibrating plate structure. A fixed frame is also provided in the vacuum melting box 1, and a funnel 4 located above the bowl is provided on the fixed frame, the large end of the funnel 4 faces upward and the small end faces downward, and the lower end of the guide trough 31 is located above the funnel 4. The lower end of the guide trough 31 can also extend into the large end of the funnel 4. It should be noted that the parts not described in detail in this application are all prior art.

[0029] Specifically, the gripping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism 6 includes a first mechanical arm, a mounting frame 61 arranged on the first mechanical arm, a first rotating cylinder 65 arranged on the mounting frame 61 and a pneumatic finger 64 arranged at the end of the output shaft of the first rotating cylinder 65. The first rotating cylinder 65 can drive the pneumatic finger 64 to rotate 180 degrees. The two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger 64 are respectively provided with V-shaped clamping plates 641. The V-shaped grooves of the two V-shaped clamping plates 641 are arranged oppositely. The first mechanical arm is used to drive the mounting frame 61 to move in the vertical and horizontal directions. The pneumatic finger 64 adopts a parallel clamping pneumatic finger. The first mechanical arm includes a first vertical moving module 62 and a first horizontal moving module 63. The first vertical moving module 62 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the first horizontal moving module 63 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first vertical moving module 62.

[0030] More specifically, the shock absorbing mechanism includes a base 51, on which a first shock absorbing assembly, a second shock absorbing assembly, a support plate 53 and a precision balance 54 are arranged from bottom to top, the first shock absorbing assembly includes a plurality of first air columns 55, the second shock absorbing assembly includes a plurality of second air columns 52, and the first air columns 55 and the second air columns 52 are arranged in a cross pattern. An upper groove matching the first air column 55 is provided on the base 51, and a lower groove matching the second air column 52 is provided on the support plate 53. The first air column 55 and the second air column 52 have the same structure and size, and both the first air column 55 and the second air column 52 can adopt existing commonly used columnar inflatable bags, and the base 51, the first air column 55, the second air column 52 and the support plate 53 are adjacently connected by gluing.

[0031] In addition, the transition mechanism 7 includes a horizontal moving module 71, and the smelting chamber is arranged on the horizontal moving module 71. The smelting chamber includes a water-cooled crucible 73, a plurality of smelting pits arranged on the upper end surface of the water-cooled crucible 73, and a water-cooling channel arranged inside the water-cooled crucible 73. The water-cooling channel is arranged in an S shape and has a water inlet and a water outlet. A rectangular frame 72 is provided at the upper end of the water-cooled crucible 73, and a plurality of horizontal plates and a plurality of vertical plates are arranged in the rectangular frame 72. The plurality of horizontal plates and the plurality of vertical plates are cross-distributed to form a plurality of placement grids, and each placement grid is arranged corresponding to each smelting pit.

[0032] In addition, the smelting mechanism 8 includes a second robotic arm, a positioning plate 83 arranged on the second robotic arm, and an arc gun 84 arranged on the positioning plate 83. The second robotic arm is used to drive the positioning plate 83 to move in the vertical and horizontal directions; the second robotic arm includes a second vertical movable module 81 and a second lateral movable module 82. The second vertical movable module 81 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the second lateral movable module 82 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the second vertical movable module 81.

[0033] Furthermore, the positioning plate 83 is also provided with a third vertical movable module 9, the third vertical movable module 9 is provided with a vacuum suction cup 91, the third vertical movable module 9 is provided with a connecting frame, the third vertical movable module 9 is used to drive the connecting frame to move up and down, and the vacuum suction cup 91 is fixed on the connecting frame. The vacuum suction cup 91 includes a rod portion and a suction cup portion located at the lower end of the rod portion. The vacuum suction cup 91 can adopt the suction cup structure in the existing patent CN209831404U, wherein the orthographic projection of the suction cup portion of the vacuum suction cup 91 falls into the orthographic projection of the smelting pit. Among them, after smelting, the metal raw material forms a metal ingot, and a turning mechanism for turning the metal ingot is provided in the vacuum smelting box 1; the turning mechanism includes a turning frame 92 and a second rotating cylinder 93 arranged on the turning frame 92, and a rotating plate 94 is provided at the end of the output shaft of the second rotating cylinder 93, and the second rotating cylinder 93 can drive the rotating plate 94 to rotate 180 degrees. Two blocks 95 are disposed opposite to each other on the rotating plate 94, with a gap between the two blocks 95, which forms a clearance passage 96 for the rod of the vacuum suction cup 91 to pass through, and trapezoidal grooves 951 are disposed on the opposite surfaces of the two blocks 95, respectively, and a receiving space for receiving the metal ingot is formed between the two trapezoidal grooves 951. The concave surfaces of the two trapezoidal grooves 951 are disposed opposite to each other.

[0034] Among them, the first vertical moving module 62, the first lateral moving module 63, the second vertical moving module 81, the second lateral moving module 82 and the third vertical moving module 9 can use the same module, which usually includes a slide rail extending horizontally, and a slide table driven by a motor is installed on the slide rail. In addition, the first vertical moving module 62, the first lateral moving module 63, the second vertical moving module 81, the second lateral moving module 82 and the third vertical moving module 9 can also use the existing commonly used ball screw module, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0035] The vacuum melting box 1 can be evacuated by an existing commonly used vacuum pumping device, and an inert gas such as argon is introduced. A sliding door 11 is provided on the vacuum melting box 1 near the vibration feeding mechanism, and the sliding door 11 is provided to facilitate feeding. A transparent observation window is provided on the vacuum melting box 1 corresponding to the melting mechanism 8. The present application also provides a control unit, which is electrically connected to the vibration feeding mechanism, the weighing mechanism 5, the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism 6, the transition mechanism 7 and the melting mechanism 8, respectively, and the control unit includes a PLC controller.

[0036] A mounting platform 2 is provided in the vacuum melting box 1 , and a vibration feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism 5 , a clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism 6 , a transition mechanism 7 , a melting mechanism 8 , a flipping frame 92 and a fixing frame are all fixed on the mounting platform 2 .

[0037] The present application also provides a smelting method using the above-mentioned vacuum arc melting equipment, which comprises the following steps: Step S1, the vibrating feeding mechanism conveys the metal raw material into the material bowl, and the weighing mechanism 5 weighs the metal raw material in the material bowl: the vibrating plate 3 vibrates to convey the metal raw material to the material guide trough 31, and the material guide trough 31 guides the metal raw material to the funnel 4, and the metal raw material falls into the material bowl through the funnel 4. The precision balance 54 of the weighing mechanism 5 weighs the metal raw material in the material bowl to ensure that the weight of the raw material meets the smelting requirements.

[0038] Step S2, after weighing is completed, the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism 6 clamps the bowl and moves it to the transition mechanism 7, and flips the bowl to pour the metal raw materials in the bowl into the smelting bin: the first robot arm drives the pneumatic finger 64 to move above the bowl, and the two V-shaped clamping plates 641 of the pneumatic finger 64 approach each other to clamp the bowl, and then the first robot arm moves the bowl to the top of the smelting bin of the transition mechanism 7. The first rotary cylinder 65 drives the pneumatic finger 64 to rotate 180 degrees to pour the metal raw materials in the bowl into the smelting pit of the smelting bin.

[0039] Step S3, the transition mechanism 7 transports the smelting chamber to the smelting mechanism 8: the horizontal moving module 71 drives the smelting chamber to move below the arc gun 84 of the smelting mechanism 8, ready for smelting.

[0040] Step S4: The second mechanical arm of the smelting mechanism 8 drives the arc gun 84 to move to a suitable position above the metal raw material, and then uses the arc gun 84 to melt the metal raw material: The second mechanical arm drives the arc gun 84 to move to the top of the metal raw material, adjusts the position and height of the arc gun 84 to make it in a suitable position, and then starts the arc gun 84 to heat the metal raw material with an arc for melting.

[0041] Step S5, through the cooperation of the second robot arm, the third vertical moving module 9 and the vacuum suction cup 91, the metal ingot that has been smelted once is sent to the turning mechanism for turning over. After turning over, the metal ingot that has been turned over is sent to the smelting bin through the cooperation of the second robot arm, the third vertical moving module 9 and the vacuum suction cup 91: after the first smelting is completed, the metal raw material forms a metal ingot. The second robot arm drives the third vertical moving module 9 and the vacuum suction cup 91 to move above the metal ingot. The third vertical moving module 9 cooperates with the vacuum suction cup 91 to make the vacuum suction cup 91 absorb the metal ingot, and then the metal ingot is lifted by the third vertical moving module 9. Then the second robot arm moves the metal ingot to the turning mechanism, and the second robot arm cooperates with the third vertical moving module 9 to put the metal ingot into the accommodating space. The vacuum suction cup 91 releases the metal ingot, and then the second rotary cylinder 93 drives the rotary plate 94 to turn 180 degrees to turn the metal ingot over. After the turning over is completed, the vacuum suction cup 91 sucks the metal ingot again, and the second robot arm cooperates with the third vertical moving module 9 to send the turned metal ingot into the smelting chamber.

[0042] Step S6, repeating step S4 to perform secondary smelting on the turned metal ingot.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum arc melting device, comprising a vacuum melting box (1), characterized in that: A vibrating feeding mechanism, a weighing mechanism (5), a clamping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism (6), a transition mechanism (7) and a melting mechanism (8) are provided in the vacuum melting box (1); A material bowl is placed on the weighing mechanism (5), the vibrating feeding mechanism is used to convey the metal raw material into the material bowl, the weighing mechanism (5) is used to weigh the metal raw material in the material bowl, and a shock absorbing mechanism for shock absorption is provided at the lower end of the weighing mechanism (5); A smelting bin with an upper opening is provided on the transition mechanism (7); the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism (6) is used to clamp the material bowl and move it to the transition mechanism (7) and flip the material bowl so that the metal raw material in the material bowl is poured into the smelting bin; the transition mechanism (7) is used to transport the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism (8); and the smelting mechanism (8) is used to perform arc smelting on the metal raw material in the smelting bin.

2. A vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating feeding mechanism comprises a vibrating plate (3) and a material guide trough (31) arranged at the discharge end of the vibrating plate (3) and arranged to be inclined from top to bottom. A fixing frame is also provided in the vacuum melting box (1). A funnel (4) located above the material bowl is provided on the fixing frame. The lower end of the material guide trough (31) is located above the funnel (4).

3. A vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripping, moving, flipping and unloading mechanism (6) comprises a first mechanical arm, a mounting frame (61) arranged on the first mechanical arm, a first rotating cylinder (65) arranged on the mounting frame (61), and a pneumatic finger (64) arranged at the end of the output shaft of the first rotating cylinder (65), the first rotating cylinder (65) being able to drive the pneumatic finger (64) to rotate 180 degrees, two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger (64) being respectively provided with V-shaped clamping plates (641), the V-shaped grooves of the two V-shaped clamping plates (641) being arranged opposite to each other, and the first mechanical arm being used to drive the mounting frame (61) to move in the vertical and horizontal directions.

4. A vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first mechanical arm comprises a first vertical movable module (62) and a first horizontal movable module (63); the first vertical movable module (62) is arranged along a vertical direction, and the first horizontal movable module (63) is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the first vertical movable module (62).

5. The vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing mechanism comprises a base (51), on which a first shock absorbing assembly, a second shock absorbing assembly, a support plate (53) and a precision balance (54) are arranged in order from bottom to top, the first shock absorbing assembly comprising a plurality of first air columns (55), the second shock absorbing assembly comprising a plurality of second air columns (52), and the first air columns (55) and the second air columns (52) are arranged in a cross-like manner.

6. The vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition mechanism (7) comprises a horizontally movable module (71), a smelting chamber is arranged on the horizontally movable module (71), the smelting chamber comprises a water-cooled crucible (73), a plurality of smelting pits arranged on the upper end surface of the water-cooled crucible (73), and a water-cooling channel arranged inside the water-cooled crucible (73), the water-cooling channel being arranged in an S shape and having a water inlet and a water outlet.

7. A vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The smelting mechanism (8) comprises a second mechanical arm, a positioning plate (83) arranged on the second mechanical arm, and an arc gun (84) arranged on the positioning plate (83), wherein the second mechanical arm is used to drive the positioning plate (83) to move in vertical and horizontal directions; The second mechanical arm comprises a second vertical movable module (81) and a second horizontal movable module (82); the second vertical movable module (81) is arranged along a vertical direction, and the second horizontal movable module (82) is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the second vertical movable module (81).

8. A vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning plate (83) is further provided with a third vertical movable module (9), and the third vertical movable module (9) is provided with a vacuum suction cup (91), wherein the vacuum suction cup (91) comprises a rod portion and a suction cup portion located at the lower end of the rod portion; After smelting, the metal raw material forms a metal ingot, and a turning mechanism for turning the metal ingot is provided in the vacuum smelting box (1); The flipping mechanism comprises a flipping frame (92) and a second rotating cylinder (93) arranged on the flipping frame (92); a rotating plate (94) is provided at the end of the output shaft of the second rotating cylinder (93); and the second rotating cylinder (93) can drive the rotating plate (94) to flip 180 degrees; Two clamping blocks (95) are disposed opposite to each other on the rotating plate (94), with a gap between the two clamping blocks (95) forming a clearance passage (96) for the rod of the vacuum suction cup (91) to pass through, and trapezoidal grooves (951) are respectively disposed on opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks (95), and a receiving space for receiving a metal ingot is formed between the two trapezoidal grooves (951).

9. A smelting method using the vacuum arc melting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, the vibrating feeding mechanism conveys the metal raw material into the material bowl, and the weighing mechanism (5) weighs the metal raw material in the material bowl; Step S2, after weighing is completed, the clamping, moving, flipping and pouring mechanism (6) clamps the material bowl and moves it to the transition mechanism (7), and flips the material bowl so that the metal raw material in the material bowl is poured into the smelting bin; Step S3, the transition mechanism (7) transports the smelting bin to the smelting mechanism (8); Step S4, the second mechanical arm of the smelting mechanism (8) drives the arc gun (84) to move to a suitable position above the metal raw material, and then uses the arc gun (84) to melt the metal raw material; Step S5, by means of the cooperation of the second mechanical arm, the third vertical movable module (9) and the vacuum suction cup (91), the metal ingot which has been smelted once is sent to the turning mechanism for turning over, and after turning over, the second mechanical arm, the third vertical movable module (9) and the vacuum suction cup (91) are used to cooperate to send the turned metal ingot into the smelting bin; Step S6, repeating step S4 to perform secondary smelting on the turned metal ingot to obtain a high-quality metal ingot.

Images