Shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

According to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the end portions of a plurality of first circulation pipes and second circulation pipes are annularly arranged on a circulation plate, the radial outer sides of the first circulation pipes are correspondingly provided with the second circulation pipes, the end portions of the first circulation pipes and the end portions of the second circulation pipes are connected through U-shaped pipes which are consistent in shape and size, and high-temperature first fluid sequentially flows from a second inflow pipe to a second outflow pipe; the heat passes through the first runner pipe, the U-shaped pipe and the second runner pipe and finally flows out of the second outflow pipe to complete heat exchange; second fluid needing heat exchange flows in from the first inflow pipe and flows out from the first outflow pipe. In this way, heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is achieved, due to the fact that the U-shaped pipes are all arranged on the circulation plate in the radial direction instead of being stacked on the inner layer and the outer layer, when one U-shaped pipe is blocked, the U-shaped pipe and the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe corresponding to the U-shaped pipe can be axially pulled out, and blockage clearing and maintenance of the U-shaped pipe are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The shell and tube heat exchanger, also known as the shell and tube heat exchanger, is a partition-type heat exchanger that uses the wall of the tube bundle in a closed shell as the heat transfer surface. It is the most typical partition-type heat exchanger.

[0003] There are two types of conventional shell and tube heat exchanger atmospheres:

[0004] 1. Straight tube heat exchanger, that is, multiple tube bundles are arranged in a straight line in the shell. The fluid that needs to exchange heat enters from one side of the shell and is discharged from the other side. In this way, the fluid stays in the tube bundle for a short time and cannot meet the demand for sufficient heat exchange;

[0005] 2. U-tube heat exchanger, that is, two tube bundles are connected by a U-tube. The size of the U-tube is selected according to the spacing between the two tube bundles, and the fluid flows in or out from the same side of the shell, and the fluid flows in a U-shape. Although this prolongs the residence time of the fluid in the tube bundle, since the U-tubes are stacked from the inside to the outside, when the inner U-tube is blocked, the outer U-tube needs to be removed to clear and repair the U-tube in that layer; in addition, since the length of the outer U-tube is greater than that of the inner U-tube, the residence time of the fluid in the tube bundle is inconsistent, resulting in uneven heat exchange.

[0006] In summary, how to facilitate the unblocking and maintenance of the U-shaped tube and ensure uniform heat exchange of the fluid has become an urgent problem that researchers in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to facilitate the unblocking and maintenance of the U-shaped tube and ensure uniform heat exchange of the fluid;

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] The present invention is a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising: a shell, wherein a closing plate and a flow plate are respectively arranged on both sides thereof, a first inlet pipe is arranged on the top thereof, and a first outlet pipe is arranged on the bottom thereof; a plurality of first flow pipes, wherein both ends of the plurality of first flow pipes are respectively connected to the closing plate and the flow plate, and a line connecting the centers of the plurality of first flow pipes is a positive multi-deformation structure; a number of second flow pipes equal to the number of the first flow pipes, wherein both ends of the second flow pipes are respectively connected to the closing plate and the flow plate, and each of the second flow pipes is located radially outside the corresponding first flow pipe; a first end box, which is arranged at one end of the shell near the closing plate; a second end box, which is arranged at one end of the shell near the flow plate; a number of U-shaped pipes equal to the number of the first flow pipes, which are located in the second end box, and wherein both ends of the U-shaped pipes are respectively connected to the ends of the first flow pipes and the corresponding ends of the second flow pipes; a second inlet pipe, wherein one end of the second inlet pipe is located outside the first end box, and the other end of the second inlet pipe is located in the first end box, and is connected to the inlets of the plurality of first flow pipes; a second outlet pipe, which is arranged at the bottom of the first end box.

[0010] Furthermore, the circulation plate is provided with a circulation hole to connect the shell with the second box body.

[0011] Furthermore, the axes of the first inflow pipe and the first outflow pipe are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the shell, and the first inflow pipe and the first outflow pipe are located at different positions of the axis of the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, flange plates are provided on both sides of the shell and at the first end box and the second end box; the two flange plates are provided with closing plates or circulation plates, and the three are connected by fasteners.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention is a shell and tube heat exchanger, in which multiple first flow tubes and second flow tube ends are arranged in a ring shape on a flow plate, and second flow tubes are correspondingly arranged on the radial outer sides of the first flow tubes. The first flow tubes and the second flow tube ends are connected by U-shaped tubes with the same shape and size. The high-temperature first fluid flows in from the second flow tube, passes through the first flow tube, the U-shaped tube, the second flow tube, and finally flows out from the second outflow tube to complete the heat exchange; the second fluid to be heat exchanged flows in from the first inflow tube and flows out from the first outflow tube; in this way, the heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid is achieved. Since the multiple U-shaped tubes are radially arranged on the flow plate instead of being stacked in inner and outer layers, when one of the U-shaped tubes is blocked, the U-shaped tube and the first flow tubes and the second flow tubes corresponding to the U-shaped tube can be axially pulled out, which is convenient for clearing and repairing the U-shaped tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the U-shaped tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger, the shell 1 is located in the middle, the left side of the shell 1 is set as the first end box 2, the right side of the shell 1 is the second end box 3, the first end box 2 and the shell 1 are sealed and connected by a sealing plate 4, the second box 3 and the shell 1 are connected through a circulation plate 5, the upper left side of the shell 1 is set as the first inlet pipe 6, the lower right side of the shell 1 is set as the first outlet pipe 7, the second fluid to be heat exchanged flows in from the first inlet pipe 6, completes the heat exchange in the shell 1, and finally flows out through the first outlet pipe 7;

[0020] A second inflow pipe 8 for the first fluid to flow in is arranged on the left side of the first end box 2, and a second outflow pipe 9 for the first fluid to flow out is arranged at the lower part of the first end box 2. The high-temperature first fluid flows from the second inflow pipe 8, through the first circulation pipe 11, the U-shaped pipe 10, the second circulation pipe 12, and finally flows out from the second outflow pipe 9 to complete the heat exchange with the first fluid.

[0021] The sealing plate 4 is arranged between the shell 1 and the first end box 2, and is connected with the fasteners through the flange plate. The flow plate 5 is arranged between the shell 1 and the second end box 3, and is connected with the fasteners through the flange plate.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a shell and tube heat exchanger. In addition to showing the positions of the first outlet pipe 7, the first inlet pipe 6, the second outflow pipe 9, and the second inlet pipe 8, the figure also shows two first flow pipes 11 and two second flow pipes 12. The two first flow pipes 11 are located between the two second flow pipes 12, and the four are axially parallel. One U-shaped tube 10 connects the upper first flow pipe 11 and the second flow pipe 12, and the other U-shaped tube 10 connects the lower first flow pipe 11 and the second flow pipe 12. A spacer sleeve 13 is connected between the second inlet pipe 8 and the end of each first flow pipe 11. The first fluid enters from the second inlet pipe 8 through the spacer sleeve 13 into any first flow pipe 11 to participate in heat exchange; after completing the heat exchange, the first fluid is discharged from the second flow pipe 12 to the first end box 2, and finally discharged from the second outflow pipe 9.

[0023] In the scheme, the total length of the heat exchange channel formed by the first flow tube 11, the second flow tube 12, and the U-shaped tube 10 does not change, so the flow distance of the first fluid in the tube bundle is consistent, achieving uniform heat exchange of the first fluid.

[0024] In addition, when any one of the tube bundles is blocked, the second end cover 3 and the shell 1 are separated, the cover tube bundle is pulled out to the right, and the U-shaped tube 10 is cleared and repaired.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a U-shaped tube, in which a flow hole 14 is opened on the flow plate 5, that is, the second fluid can enter the second end box 3 to exchange heat with the first fluid in the U-shaped tube 10.

[0026] exist Figure 3 In the figure, only 6 first circulation tubes 11 and 6 second circulation tubes 12 are shown. This scheme is only applicable to the first fluid with a small flow rate. Of course, this scheme can also be arranged by arranging the annular first circulation tube 11 in the innermost first layer, arranging the annular second circulation tube 12 in the second layer, and connecting the two layers through corresponding U-shaped tubes; arranging the annular first circulation tube 11 in the third layer, and arranging the annular second circulation tube 12 in the fourth layer, and connecting the two layers through U-shaped tubes; the inflow ends of multiple first circulation tubes 11 in the first layer are connected by the first spacer, and the inner and outer diameters of the first circulation tubes 11 in the third layer are connected by the second spacer, and the first spacer and the second spacer are connected through the connecting sleeve. The first fluid enters the first spacer from the second inlet pipe 8, and can enter the first circulation tube 11 of any first layer or enter the second spacer through the connecting sleeve, and enters the first circulation tube 11 of the third layer to participate in heat exchange. This arrangement can perform heat exchange for the first fluid with a large flow rate, and the fluid after heat exchange flows into the second end box 3 from the second circulation tube 12 of the second layer or the second circulation tube 12 of the fourth layer.

[0027] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A shell, wherein a sealing plate and a flow plate are respectively arranged on both sides thereof, a first inflow pipe is arranged on the top thereof, and a first outflow pipe is arranged on the bottom thereof; A plurality of first flow tubes, both ends of which are connected to the closing plate and the flow plate respectively, and a line connecting the centers of the plurality of first flow tubes is a regular multi-deformation structure; The same number of second flow tubes as the first flow tubes, both ends of which are connected to the closing plate and the flow plate respectively, and each of the second flow tubes is located radially outside the corresponding first flow tube; a first end box disposed at one end of the housing near the closing plate; a second end box disposed at one end of the housing near the flow plate; The same number of U-shaped tubes as the first flow tubes are located in the second end box, and the two ends of the U-shaped tubes are respectively connected to the ends of the first flow tubes and the corresponding ends of the second flow tubes; A second inflow pipe, one end of which is located outside the first end box, and the other end of which is located inside the first end box and is connected to the inlets of the plurality of first flow pipes; A second outflow pipe is arranged at the bottom of the first end box.

2. A shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation plate is provided with a circulation hole to connect the shell and the second box body.

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the first inflow pipe and the first outflow pipe are arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the shell, and the first inflow pipe and the first outflow pipe are located at different positions of the axis of the shell.

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the shell and the first end box and the second end box are provided with flange plates; The two flange plates are provided with a closing plate or a circulation plate, and the three are connected by fasteners.

Images