Sleeve type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat pipe heat exchangers, and discloses a sleeve type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger and a working method thereof.The heat exchanger comprises a plurality of rows of heat pipes, the heat release ends of the heat pipes are sleeved with sleeves, heat exchange cavities are formed between the sleeves and the heat pipes, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the sleeves are sealed with the heat pipes; sleeves arranged outside the same row of heat pipes in a sleeving mode are communicated through a lower connecting pipe located on the lower side and an upper connecting pipe located on the upper side to form a snakelike circulating water pipeline, the lower ends of every two adjacent sleeves are connected with a drainage connecting pipe, and the diameter of each drainage connecting pipe is smaller than that of the corresponding lower connecting pipe. The upper side of the snakelike circulating water pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the lower side of the snakelike circulating water pipeline is connected with a pipe row drainage pipe, and a module drainage valve is arranged on a drainage path of the pipe row drainage pipe. By additionally arranging the drainage connection pipe and the pipe row drainage pipe, drainage can be conveniently and rapidly achieved, maintenance and overhaul of heat pipe heat exchanger equipment are facilitated, meanwhile, the structure is more compact, and the occupied area is relatively small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat pipe heat exchangers, and in particular relates to a sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A heat pipe is a heat exchange element with superconductivity and isothermal properties. A closed heat pipe is evacuated, and an appropriate amount of medium is added to the heat pipe. Several heat pipes are arranged into a heat exchanger. Each heat pipe is not connected to each other. The hot and cold fluids are completely separated by a partition. The heat absorbing end of the heat pipe is arranged in the hot fluid to absorb heat, and the heat releasing end of the heat pipe is arranged in the cold fluid to release heat. When the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe absorbs heat, the medium in the heat pipe vaporizes, and the gaseous medium enters the heat releasing end at the top from the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe and is cooled by the cold fluid at the top. The gaseous medium is cooled and condensed into a liquid medium, and the liquid flows back to the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe along the inner wall of the heat pipe, thereby forming a cycle of the medium in the heat pipe, and the process of absorbing and releasing heat is repeated continuously.

[0003] In actual applications, a single heat pipe of a heat pipe heat exchanger may leak due to wear, corrosion, etc. Leakage of a single heat pipe will only cause the working fluid (i.e., medium) in the heat pipe to leak, will not affect other heat pipes, and has almost no impact on the overall operation.

[0004] At present, for the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger that uses heat pipes for heat exchange, it is complicated to drain the water on the water side when it is repaired. Figure 1 A drain branch pipe is installed at the low point of the lower connecting pipe 5) shown in the figure, and the drain branch pipe is merged into the drain main pipe for discharge. Since too many drain branch pipes need to be installed, the entire drain system has a complex structure and a large volume, which is not convenient for maintenance and repair, and occupies a large area. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger and a working method thereof. The present invention has a simple structure, can conveniently and quickly discharge drain water, is beneficial to the maintenance and overhaul of the heat pipe heat exchanger equipment, and at the same time has a more compact structure and occupies a relatively small area.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger comprises a sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body, the tube-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body comprises a plurality of heat discharge pipes, a sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the heat discharge end of the heat pipe, a heat exchange chamber is formed between the sleeve and the heat pipe, and the upper and lower ends of the sleeve are sealed between the heat pipes; for the sleeves sleeved on the outside of the same heat discharge pipe, they are connected to form a serpentine circulating water pipeline through a lower connecting pipe located on the lower side and an upper connecting pipe located on the upper side, the lower ends of two adjacent sleeves are connected to a drainage connecting pipe, the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe is smaller than the diameter of the lower connecting pipe, the upper side of the serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and the lower side is connected to a pipe-drainage drainage pipe, and a module drainage valve is provided on the drainage path of the pipe-drainage drainage pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe is not greater than one fifth of the diameter of the lower connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the drainage connecting pipe is not lower than the bottom of the lower connecting pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the water inlet pipes connected to all serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to an inlet header.

[0010] Preferably, the outlet pipes connected to all serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to an outlet header.

[0011] Preferably, all the drainage pipes connected to the serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to a module drainage main pipe, and the module drainage valve is arranged at the outlet end of the module drainage main pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the water inlet pipe connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the upper end of the first sleeve in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, the water outlet pipe connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the upper end of the last sleeve in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, and the drain pipe connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the lower end of the last sleeve in the serpentine circulating water pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, in the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body, the heat absorbing end and the heat releasing end of the heat pipe are separated by an insulating support structure.

[0014] Preferably, in the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body, a tube clamp fixing device for limiting and positioning the heat pipe is provided at the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe, and a plurality of supporting columns are connected to the periphery of the tube clamp fixing device, and the lower ends of all the supporting columns are fixed on a base.

[0015] The present invention also provides a working method of the above-mentioned shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger, comprising the following process: Heat exchange process: close the module drain valve, place the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe in a hot environment to absorb heat, the heat releasing end of the heat pipe is located above the heat absorbing end, and inject heat exchange medium into the serpentine circulating water pipeline through the water inlet pipe. After the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the heat releasing end of the heat pipe, the temperature rises and is discharged from the water outlet pipe; Discharge and drainage process: stop injecting heat exchange medium from the water inlet pipe into the serpentine circulating water pipeline, open the module drain valve, and the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is discharged from the pipe drain pipe.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The advantage of the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of the present invention over the existing sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger is that in the same serpentine circulating water pipeline, a drainage connecting pipe is connected to the lower ends of two adjacent sleeves, and the two adjacent sleeves that are not connected through the lower connecting pipe can be connected through the drainage connecting pipe. At the same time, the present invention also connects a pipe row drainage pipe at the lower side of the serpentine circulating water pipeline, and a module drainage valve is arranged on the drainage path of the pipe row drainage pipe. Therefore, when the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of the present invention is used normally, the module drainage valve is closed, and the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline can mainly flow along the serpentine circulating water pipeline to realize heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the heat release end of the heat pipe. In this process, since the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe is smaller than the diameter of the lower connecting pipe, the mainstream of the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is still along the main road of the serpentine circulating water pipeline. Therefore, after the drainage connecting pipe is arranged in the present invention, the normal heat exchange between the serpentine circulating water pipeline and the heat pipe can be guaranteed. When it is necessary to discharge the drain, stop injecting the heat exchange medium into the serpentine circulating water pipeline, and by opening the module drain valve, the heat exchange medium in the entire serpentine circulating water pipeline can be directly discharged from the bottom of the serpentine circulating water pipeline through the lower connecting pipe, the drainage connecting pipe and the pipe drain pipe. Therefore, the present invention can conveniently and quickly discharge the drain, which is beneficial to the maintenance and repair of the heat pipe heat exchanger equipment, reduces the manufacturing cost and operation risk of the heat pipe heat exchanger, and is a simple improvement on the existing structure, so the structure is simple. At the same time, the present invention avoids the need to install a drain branch pipe at the low point of each sleeve connecting pipe to discharge the drain, as in the prior art, so the overall structure of the present invention is more concise and compact, and the floor space is relatively small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shell-and-tube type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the heat release end of the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of the present invention ( Figure 1 looking down).

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the drainage connecting pipe in the serpentine circulating water pipeline in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1-inlet header, 2-water inlet pipe, 3-casing, 4-heat pipe, 5-lower connecting pipe, 6-upper connecting pipe, 7-water outlet pipe, 8-outlet header, 9-drainage connecting pipe, 10-tube row drainage pipe, 11-module drainage mother pipe, 12-module drainage valve, 13-insulation support structure, 14-fin heat exchange tube row, 15-tube clamp fixing device, 16-support column, 17-base, 18-casing type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body, 19-heat exchange chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] According to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can propose a variety of interchangeable structures and implementations. Therefore, the following specific implementation methods and drawings are only examples of the technical solution of the present invention and should not be regarded as the entirety of the present invention or the limitation of its technical solution.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of this embodiment includes a shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body 18, and the tube-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body 18 includes a plurality of heat exhaust pipes 4 (with Figure 2 As shown in the example, each row of heat pipes 4 is recorded as one row), see Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the heat release end of each heat pipe 4 (such as Figure 1 The outer side of the heat pipe 4 is provided with a sleeve 3, and a heat exchange chamber 19 is formed between the sleeve 3 and the heat pipe 4. The upper and lower ends of the sleeve 3 are sealed with the heat pipe 4. For the sleeves 3 provided with the outer side of the heat pipe 4 in the same row, they are connected to form a serpentine circulating water pipeline through the lower connecting pipe 5 and the upper connecting pipe 6, wherein the two ends of the lower connecting pipe 5 are connected to the lower end of the adjacent sleeve 3, and the two ends of the upper connecting pipe 6 are connected to the upper end of the adjacent sleeve 3. The adjacent two sleeves 3 (referring to the two adjacent sleeves whose lower ends are not connected through the lower connecting pipe 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, specifically, the lower ends of the second and third casings from left to right are connected to a drainage connecting pipe 9, the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe 9 is smaller than the diameter of the lower connecting pipe 5, the upper side of the serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 7, and the lower side is connected to a pipe-drainage pipe 10, and a modular drainage valve 12 is provided on the drainage path of the pipe-drainage pipe 10. Specifically, under normal circumstances, the inlet pipe 2 connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the upper end of the first casing 3 in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, the outlet pipe 7 connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the upper end of the last casing 3 in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, and the pipe-drainage pipe 10 connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to the lower end of the last casing 3 in the serpentine circulating water pipeline.

[0024] The working method of the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of this embodiment includes the following process: Heat exchange process: close the module drain valve 12, and transfer the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe 4 (such as Figure 1 The lower end shown in the figure is placed in a hot environment to absorb heat. The heat-releasing end of the heat pipe 4 is located above the heat-absorbing end. The heat exchange medium is injected into the serpentine circulating water pipeline through the water inlet pipe 2. The heat exchange medium will flow along the serpentine circulating water pipeline. Figure 3 , the overall flow direction of the heat exchange medium is from left to right. When the heat exchange medium flows to the bottom of the first casing, most of the heat exchange medium flows into the bottom of the second casing through the lower connecting pipe 5. Since the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe 9 is smaller than that of the lower connecting pipe 5, most of the heat exchange medium entering the bottom of the second casing will flow upward and flow into the top of the third casing through the upper connecting pipe 6 at the top of the second casing. The heat exchange medium entering the top of the third casing flows downward to the bottom of the third casing. A small part of the heat exchange medium entering the bottom of the second casing will flow directly to the bottom of the third casing through the drainage connecting pipe 9, and the cycle is repeated until the heat exchange medium flows to the bottom of the last casing and is finally discharged from the top of the casing through the outlet pipe 7; the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the heat release end of the heat pipe 4 during the flow of the serpentine circulating water pipeline; Drainage process: stop injecting heat exchange medium from the water inlet pipe 2 into the serpentine circulating water pipeline, then open the module drain valve 12, and the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is discharged from the pipe drain pipe 10. The path for discharging the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is: combined with Figure 1 , see Figure 3, the heat exchange medium in the last casing in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is directly discharged from the bottom of the casing through the drainage pipe 10; the heat exchange medium in the second-to-last casing flows into the bottom of the last casing through the lower connecting pipe 5 between the last and second-to-last casings, and then is discharged through the drainage pipe 10; the heat exchange medium in the third-to-last casing flows into the bottom of the second-to-last casing through the drainage connecting pipe 9 between the third-to-last and second-to-last casings, and then flows into the bottom of the last casing through the lower connecting pipe 5 between the second-to-last and last casings, and then is discharged through the drainage pipe 10; similarly, the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline will eventually flow out from the bottom of the serpentine circulating water pipeline.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, in order to avoid a significant impact on the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe 9 is not greater than one fifth of the diameter of the lower connecting pipe 5 .

[0026] As a preferred solution of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the top of the drainage connecting pipe 9 is not lower than the bottom of the lower connecting pipe 5. This design mainly considers the following aspects: on the one hand, the alternating high and low arrangement of the lower connecting pipe 5 and the drainage connecting pipe 9 is used, which is beneficial to the normal heat exchange process, so that the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline mainly flows along the serpentine path of the casing, the lower connecting pipe, the casing, the upper connecting pipe, and the casing. The drainage connecting pipe 9 is located lower, thereby reducing the flow rate of the heat exchange medium therein, ensuring the heat exchange efficiency, and at the same time ensuring that the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is discharged and retained as little as possible during the drainage process; on the other hand, due to the preparation process in the prior art, the connection part between the casing and the lower connecting pipe There is still a distance between the lower end of the sleeve. The heat exchange medium in this section of the sleeve is in a dead corner, so the fluidity is poor, which makes it difficult for this part of the heat exchange medium to flow out quickly after absorbing heat, causing this part of the heat exchange medium to easily reach saturation in heat absorption. After saturation, the heat exchange capacity is greatly reduced, so it is difficult to fully utilize this part of the heat. In this embodiment, the top of the drainage connecting pipe 9 is not lower than the bottom of the lower connecting pipe 5. The drainage connecting pipe 9 can be used to introduce this part of the heat exchange medium into the next sleeve, so that this part of the heat exchange medium that was difficult to flow before can flow, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 2 connected to all serpentine circulating water pipelines can be connected to an inlet header 1. The water outlet pipe 7 connected to all serpentine circulating water pipelines can be connected to an outlet header 8. The pipe drain pipe 10 connected to all serpentine circulating water pipelines can be connected to a module drain main pipe 11, and the module drain valve 12 is arranged at the outlet end of the module drain main pipe 11.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 In this embodiment, in the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body 18, the heat absorbing end and the heat releasing end of the heat pipe 4 are separated by an insulating support structure 13.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 In this embodiment, in the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body 18, a pipe clamp fixing device 15 for limiting and positioning the heat pipe 4 is provided at the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe 4, and a plurality of supporting columns 16 are connected to the outer periphery of the pipe clamp fixing device 15, and the lower ends of all the supporting columns 16 are fixed on a base 17.

[0030] It can be seen from the above scheme that the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of the present invention utilizes the lower connecting pipe and the drainage connecting pipe at the bottom of the cold end of the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe to connect all the low points of the heat exchange pipes, and is provided with a module drainage main pipe and a module drainage valve, which can control the discharge of drain by opening or closing the module drainage valve. When the existing sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger is overhauled, it is necessary to install a drain branch pipe at the low point of each sleeve connection pipe, and the drain branch pipes are merged to the drain main pipe before discharge. The entire drain system has a complex structure and is not convenient for maintenance and overhaul. The present invention can discharge drain conveniently and quickly, which is beneficial to the maintenance and overhaul of heat pipe heat exchanger equipment and reduces the manufacturing cost and operation risk of heat pipe heat exchangers.

[0031] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of this embodiment includes an inlet header 1 and a water inlet pipe 2 connected thereto; the sleeve 3 is connected to the water inlet pipe 2 and is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the heat pipe 4. The upper and lower ends of the sleeve 3 are closed, and a ring-shaped heat exchange chamber 19 is formed between the heat pipe 4; the lower connecting pipe 5 and the upper connecting pipe 6 are connected to the sleeve 3 from front to back in sequence, and finally connected to form a serpentine circulating water pipeline; the drainage connecting pipe 9 is connected to the lower end of the sleeve 3 and is arranged at intervals with the lower connecting pipe 5; the top of the last row of sleeves 3 is connected to the water outlet pipe 7, and finally merges with the outlet header 8, and the bottom is connected to the pipe row drainage pipe 10, and finally merges with the module drainage main pipe 11, and the module drainage main pipe 11 is provided with a module drainage valve 12. Specifically, in the above structure, the first row of sleeves and the second row of sleeves are connected one by one through the lower connecting pipe, and the lower connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the sleeve. The second row of sleeves and the third row of sleeves are connected one by one through the upper connecting pipe, and the upper connecting pipe is arranged at the top of the sleeve. At the same time, the bottom of the second row of casing is connected to the bottom of the third row of casing one by one through the drainage connecting pipe, and the drainage connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom of the casing. The third row of casing is connected to the fourth row of casing one by one through the lower connecting pipe, and the third row of casing is connected to the fourth row of casing one by one through the upper connecting pipe and the drainage connecting pipe... and so on, until it is connected to the last row of casing. The top of the last row of casing is connected to the outlet pipe one by one, and the bottom of the last row of casing is connected to the tube row drainage pipe one by one. N outlet pipes are finally connected to an outlet header, and the outlet pipes are evenly arranged horizontally at the heat exchange medium outlet at the top of the cold end of the heat exchanger. N tube row drainage pipes finally converge into a module drainage mother pipe, and a module drainage valve is provided on the module drainage mother pipe.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , the heat exchange medium enters the water inlet pipe 2 from the inlet header 1, and then enters the casing 3, the lower connecting pipe 5, the casing 3, the upper connecting pipe 6, the casing 3, the lower connecting pipe 5, the casing 3, the upper connecting pipe 6... the lower connecting pipe 5, the casing 3, the water outlet pipe 7, and the outlet header 8. The heat exchange medium obtains heat by heat exchange with the surface of the heat pipe 4 along the way, thereby increasing the medium temperature.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The drainage connecting pipe 9 is connected to the casing 3 at the lower end and is arranged at intervals with the lower connecting pipe 5. The drainage connecting pipe 9 selects a relatively small pipe. When the heat exchange equipment is draining water, the lower connecting pipe 5 at the bottom of the casing 3 and the drainage connecting pipe 9 connect all the low points of the casing 3, and flow to the module drainage main pipe 11 through the pipe drainage pipe 10. The module drainage main pipe 11 is provided with a module drainage valve 12, and the rapid discharge of drainage is achieved by opening or closing the module drainage valve 12.

[0034] Reference Figure 1The cold end and hot end of all heat pipes 4 are separated by an insulating support structure 13, the sleeve 3 is only arranged on the heat release side of the heat pipe 4, a pipe clamp fixing device 15 is provided in the middle of the heat absorption side of the heat pipe 4, and support columns 16 are provided at the four corners of the heat absorption side of the heat pipe 4. A base 17 is provided under the support column 16 for on-site fixed installation.

[0035] The working method of the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger of this embodiment includes the following process: When the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger operates normally, the module drain valve 12 is closed, and the cold end medium enters the water inlet pipe 2 from the inlet header 1, and then enters the shell 3, the lower connecting pipe 5, the shell 3, the upper connecting pipe 6, the shell 3, the lower connecting pipe 5, the shell 3, the upper connecting pipe 6... the lower connecting pipe 5, the shell 3, the water outlet pipe 7, and the outlet header 8. The cold end medium obtains heat by heat exchange with the surface of the heat pipe 4 along the way, thereby increasing the medium temperature.

[0036] When the shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger is shut down for drainage, the module drain valve 12 is opened. Because the lower connecting pipe 5 and the drainage connecting pipe 9 at the bottom of the shell 3 connect all the low points of the shell 3, the medium in the cold end of the heat pipe heat exchanger enters the lower connecting pipe 5 or the drainage connecting pipe 9 from the shell 3, and then enters the lower connecting pipe 5, the drainage connecting pipe 9 in turn... until it flows to the module drainage main pipe 11 through the tube drainage pipe 10, and is quickly discharged from the module drainage main pipe 11.

[0037] It can be seen from the above that the system of the present invention has a simple structure, can discharge drain water conveniently and quickly, is beneficial to the maintenance and repair of heat pipe heat exchanger equipment, and reduces the manufacturing cost and operation risk of the heat pipe heat exchanger.

[0038] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific preferred embodiment. It cannot be determined that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the present invention. The scope of patent protection shall be determined by the submitted claims.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body (18), wherein the sleeve-type gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body (18) comprises a plurality of heat discharge pipes (4), wherein a sleeve (3) is sleeved outside the heat discharge end of the heat pipe (4), a heat exchange chamber is formed between the sleeve (3) and the heat pipe (4), and the upper and lower ends of the sleeve (3) are sealed between the heat pipe (4); the sleeves (3) sleeved outside the heat discharge pipe (4) are connected to form a serpentine circulating water pipeline through a lower connecting pipe (5) located at the lower side and an upper connecting pipe (6) located at the upper side, wherein the lower ends of two adjacent sleeves (3) are connected to a drainage connecting pipe (9), wherein the diameter of the drainage connecting pipe (9) is smaller than the diameter of the lower connecting pipe (5), wherein the upper side of the serpentine circulating water pipeline is connected to a water inlet pipe (2) and a water outlet pipe (7), and the lower side is connected to a pipe-draining drainage pipe (10), and a modular drainage valve (12) is provided on the drainage path of the pipe-draining drainage pipe (10).

2. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the drainage connecting pipe (9) is no greater than one fifth of the diameter of the lower connecting pipe (5).

3. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the drainage connecting pipe (9) is not lower than the bottom of the lower connecting pipe (5).

4. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipes (2) connected to all the serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to an inlet header (1).

5. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet pipes (7) connected to all the serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to an outlet header (8).

6. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the pipe-draining drain pipes (10) connected to the serpentine circulating water pipelines are connected to a module drain main pipe (11), and the module drain valve (12) is arranged at the outlet end of the module drain main pipe (11).

7. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (2) connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is in communication with the upper end of the first sleeve (3) in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, the water outlet pipe (7) connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is in communication with the upper end of the last sleeve (3) in the serpentine circulating water pipeline, and the drain pipe (10) connected to each serpentine circulating water pipeline is in communication with the lower end of the last sleeve (3) in the serpentine circulating water pipeline.

8. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body (18), the heat absorbing end and the heat releasing end of the heat pipe (4) are separated by a heat insulating support structure (13).

9. The shell-and-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tubular gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger body (18), a pipe clamp fixing device (15) for limiting and positioning the heat pipe (4) is provided at the heat absorption end of the heat pipe (4), and a plurality of supporting columns (16) are connected to the outer periphery of the pipe clamp fixing device (15), and the lower ends of all the supporting columns (16) are fixed on a base (17).

10. The working method of the double-tube gravity axial heat pipe heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Heat exchange process: close the module drain valve (12), place the heat absorbing end of the heat pipe (4) in a hot environment to absorb heat, the heat releasing end of the heat pipe (4) is located above the heat absorbing end, and inject heat exchange medium into the serpentine circulating water pipeline through the water inlet pipe (2). After the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the heat releasing end of the heat pipe (4), the temperature rises and the heat exchange medium is discharged from the water outlet pipe (7); Discharge and drainage process: stop injecting heat exchange medium from the water inlet pipe (2) into the serpentine circulating water pipeline, open the module drain valve (12), and the heat exchange medium in the serpentine circulating water pipeline is discharged from the pipe drain pipe (10).

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