System and method for recording detonation time of tunnel face blasting seismic source

Abstract

The invention provides a detonation time recording system and method for a tunnel face detonation source, and the method comprises the steps: inducing a high-voltage pulse electric signal generated by an exploder through a current induction system, forming an induction current, and recording the generation time of the induction current as a first detonation moment; the blasting pickup system senses a vibration signal generated by construction blasting of the tunnel face, converts the vibration signal into an electric signal, and records signal generation time as a second blasting moment; the signal processing system receives the first blasting moment and the second blasting moment, fitting is conducted, and the blasting moment obtained through fitting serves as the detonation moment; and the wireless transmission system transmits the detonation moment to a cloud end or other equipment. According to the method, the detonation time of tunnel face construction blasting can be determined, and a correct detonation moment is provided for subsequent seismic data cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of detonation time recording, and in particular relates to a detonation time recording system and method for a tunnel face blasting source. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The drilling and blasting method has become the mainstream method due to its advantages of high flexibility, strong mobility and strong environmental applicability, and has formed a mature technology and standard system, which will continue to dominate for a long time in the future. Due to the complexity of tunnel geological conditions, tunnel construction faces geological disasters such as large deformation of soft rocks, sudden water and mud, and it is difficult for the early geological exploration to accurately explore all the geological conditions. Therefore, the advanced geological prediction of tunnels is particularly important. Traditional seismic wave detection technology takes up a lot of construction time and working space, and requires separate excitation, which greatly delays the progress of tunnel construction. How to combine tunnel construction with geological detection to improve detection efficiency is the development trend of fast and safe tunnel construction. On this basis, the advanced prediction method based on the blasting source of the tunnel face has been developed. This method directly uses the vibration generated by the blasting of the tunnel face as the source, and can complete the geological prediction work without delaying the construction.

[0004] The traditional method of advanced geological prediction of explosive sources is equipped with a special blasting detonator to stimulate the explosive source on the tunnel side wall. At the same time, the matching detonation time recorder can ensure that the seismic instrument can collect data in a timely and accurate manner from the moment of source excitation. However, the advanced prediction method based on the blasting source of the tunnel face uses the vibration generated by the blasting of the tunnel face as the source, and the engineering detonator lacks an adapted detonation time recorder, making it difficult to determine the synchronous correspondence between source excitation and data acquisition, and unable to perform subsequent data processing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a system and method for recording the detonation time of tunnel face blasting seismic source. The present invention can determine the detonation time of tunnel face construction blasting and provide a "0" time for subsequent cutting of seismic data.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A system for recording the detonation time of a tunnel face blasting source, comprising a current sensing system, a blasting pickup system, a signal processing system and a wireless transmission system, wherein:

[0008] The current sensing system is used to sense the high-voltage pulse electrical signal generated by the initiator to form an induced current. At the same time, the generation time of the induced current is recorded in the current sensing system as the first blasting moment, and the first blasting moment is transmitted to the signal processing system;

[0009] The blasting pickup system has a built-in vibration sensor, which is used to sense the vibration signal generated by the blasting of the tunnel face construction, convert the vibration signal into an electrical signal, and record the signal generation time as the second blasting moment, and transmit the second blasting moment to the signal processing system;

[0010] A signal processing system is used to receive the first blasting time and the second blasting time, perform fitting, use the blasting time obtained by fitting as the detonation time, and transmit the detonation time to the wireless transmission system;

[0011] Wireless transmission system, used to transmit the detonation time to the cloud or other devices.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the blasting busbar of the detonator passes through the current sensing system or a portion of the blasting busbar of the detonator is located in the sensing area of ​​the current sensing system.

[0013] As a further implementation, the current sensing system uses the blasting busbar as the primary winding, induces a secondary voltage, and forms an induced current.

[0014] As an optional implementation, the detonation time recording system of the blasting source of the entire tunnel face is buried near the tunnel face.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the signal processing system is configured to fit the first blasting time and the second blasting time based on the least square method to obtain the detonation time.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a casing, wherein the casing is used to accommodate the current sensing system, the explosion pickup system, the signal processing system and the wireless transmission system.

[0017] As a further embodiment, a wire passing hole is provided on the casing to pass the blasting busbar of the detonator.

[0018] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a power supply system, which is used to provide electrical energy to the current sensing system, the blasting pickup system, the signal processing system and the wireless transmission system.

[0019] A method for recording the detonation time of a tunnel face blasting source, using the above system, comprises the following steps:

[0020] The current sensing system senses the high-voltage pulse electrical signal generated by the detonator to form an induced current, and records the generation time of the induced current as the first blasting moment;

[0021] The blasting pickup system senses the vibration signal generated by the blasting in the tunnel face construction, converts the vibration signal into an electrical signal, and records the signal generation time as the second blasting moment;

[0022] The signal processing system receives the first blasting time and the second blasting time, performs fitting, and uses the blasting time obtained by fitting as the detonation time;

[0023] The wireless transmission system transmits the detonation moment to the cloud or other devices.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the first blasting time and the second blasting time are fitted based on the least square method to obtain the detonation time.

[0025] As an optional implementation method, a mapping relationship between the first blasting moment and the second blasting moment is established through a deep learning method, and finally an accurate detonation moment prediction model is obtained to determine the detonation moment.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The detonation time recording device proposed by the present invention and applicable to advanced geological prediction of blasting earthquake sources at tunnel face solves the problem that the detonation time cannot be accurately obtained by the existing engineering detonators.

[0028] The present invention obtains the detonation time when the blasting bus releases high-voltage pulse current through a current mutual inductance system, and obtains the detonation time of explosive blasting by picking up the blasting vibration of the tunnel face. The two verify each other, further improving the accuracy of the detonation time.

[0029] The present invention can upload the detonation moment of explosives to the cloud through a wireless transmission system, making subsequent processing more convenient.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a detonation time recording device according to an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2This is a diagram showing the external structure of a casing according to an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the operation of a detonation time recording device according to an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a blasting time prediction process according to an embodiment;

[0036] Among them, 1. Wire hole; 2. Current sensing system; 3. Signal processing system; 4. Wireless transmission system; 5. Blasting and picking system; 6. Power supply; 7. Casing; 8. Terminal equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] A detonation time recording device for advanced geological prediction of blasting source at tunnel face, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0043] Current sensing system: The blasting busbar of the engineering blasting initiator passes through the current sensing system. When the explosive is detonated, the initiator will instantly generate a high-voltage pulse electrical signal. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the blasting busbar passing through the current mutual induction system acts as the primary winding of the current mutual induction system to induce a secondary voltage, thereby forming an induced current in the current mutual induction system. At the same time, the generation time of the induced current is recorded in the current sensing system as the first blasting moment, and the first blasting moment is transmitted to the signal processing system.

[0044] Blasting Pickup System: The blasting pickup system has a built-in vibration sensor. When the tunnel face is blasted, vibration will be generated. The blasting pickup system can sense the vibration signal and convert it into an electrical signal. At this time, the time when the electrical signal is generated is recorded in the blasting pickup system as the second blasting moment, and the second blasting moment is transmitted to the signal processing system.

[0045] The signal processing system receives the first blasting time obtained by the current mutual inductance system and the second blasting time obtained by the blasting picking system, fits the first blasting time and the second blasting time based on the least square method, and uses the fitted blasting time as the detonation time 0. Finally, the signal processing system transmits the detonation time 0 to the wireless transmission system;

[0046] Wireless transmission system: The wireless transmission system is responsible for uploading the detonation time 0 to the cloud for storage, and the data can be viewed on mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a casing 7. In this embodiment, the casing is made of ABS material with high impact resistance, high rigidity, good dimensional stability and stable chemical properties, which can effectively resist damage to the equipment caused by gravel generated by blasting during tunnel face construction.

[0048] In this embodiment, the casing 7 is made of hard ABS material, which can effectively resist damage to the equipment caused by gravel generated by blasting during tunnel face construction. Therefore, the equipment can be buried as close to the face as possible. It should be noted that the closer the tunnel face position in the equipment is, the smaller the error of the detonation time obtained by the blasting pickup system picking up the vibration generated by the tunnel face blasting.

[0049] In this embodiment, a power supply 6 is further provided in the housing 7, and the power supply 6 is used to connect with the current sensing system 2, the signal processing system 3, the wireless transmission system 4 and the blasting pickup system 5 to provide electric energy therefor.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] The working method of the above embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0052] First, pass the blasting current of the detonator through the wire hole 1;

[0053] The equipment is buried near the tunnel face;

[0054] The initiator releases a high-voltage pulse current instantly, and the current sensing system 2 generates an induced current, and obtains the first blasting moment; and transmits the first blasting moment to the signal processing system 3;

[0055] After the tunnel face is blasted during construction, vibration is generated. The blasting pickup system 5 picks up the vibration and obtains the second blasting time, and transmits the second blasting time to the signal processing system 3;

[0056] The signal processing system 3 fits the first blasting time and the second blasting time based on the least square method to obtain the detonation time 0;

[0057] The signal processing system 3 transmits the blasting time 0 to the wireless transmission system 4, and the wireless transmission system 4 uploads it to the cloud;

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the terminal device 8 can download data through the cloud and carry out subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, a mapping relationship between the first blasting moment and the second blasting moment can also be established through a deep learning method, and finally an accurate detonation moment prediction model is obtained to determine the detonation moment.

[0060] The blasting time prediction process is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps are:

[0061] (1) Data Collection

[0062] Collect multiple sets of blasting experiment data, including the first blasting moment (t1) and the second blasting moment (t2), ensure data quality, eliminate obviously erroneous or abnormal data points, and collect no less than 100 sets of valid data to ensure the training effect of the deep learning model.

[0063] (2) Data preprocessing

[0064] Data standardization was performed to convert the time data into a standard normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1. The data set was divided into a training set (70%), a validation set (15%), and a test set (15%). The data distribution was checked to ensure that each set had similar statistical characteristics.

[0065] (3) Network architecture design

[0066] Input layer: receives the first burst time data, with a dimension of 1; hidden layer: designs 3-4 hidden layers, each layer uses a different number of neurons (64-32-16); output layer: predicts the second burst time, with a dimension of 1; the activation function uses the ReLU function to provide nonlinear transformation capabilities.

[0067] (4) Model optimization settings

[0068] The mean square error (MSE) is used as the optimization objective, the Adam optimizer is adopted, the initial learning rate is set to 0.001, a Dropout layer (dropout rate 0.2) is added to prevent overfitting, and the batch size is set to 32 or 64, adjusted according to the amount of data.

[0069] (5) Conduct training

[0070] Set the number of training rounds to 100, traverse the entire training data set in each round, record the training loss and validation loss, monitor the performance of the validation set, implement the early stopping mechanism, stop training if the validation loss does not improve for 10 consecutive rounds, save the model parameters with the best validation performance, and calculate the mean square error and R on the test set 2 Coefficients, draw a comparison chart between predicted values ​​and actual values, and analyze the distribution of prediction errors.

[0071] (6) Determination of detonation time

[0072] Obtain and input the new first blasting time data and the second blasting time, predict through the trained model, calculate the confidence interval of the predicted value, calculate the detonation time, consider the physical factors such as propagation delay for correction, and give the final detonation time estimate and its uncertainty.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for recording the detonation time of a tunnel face blasting source, characterized in that: It includes current sensing system, blasting pickup system, signal processing system and wireless transmission system, among which: The current sensing system is used to sense the high-voltage pulse electrical signal generated by the initiator to form an induced current. At the same time, the generation time of the induced current is recorded in the current sensing system as the first blasting moment, and the first blasting moment is transmitted to the signal processing system; The blasting pickup system has a built-in vibration sensor, which is used to sense the vibration signal generated by the blasting of the tunnel face construction, convert the vibration signal into an electrical signal, and record the signal generation time as the second blasting moment, and transmit the second blasting moment to the signal processing system; A signal processing system is used to receive the first blasting time and the second blasting time, perform fitting, use the blasting time obtained by fitting as the detonation time, and transmit the detonation time to the wireless transmission system; Wireless transmission system, used to transmit the detonation time to the cloud or other devices.

2. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The blasting busbar of the detonator passes through the current sensing system or the blasting busbar of part of the detonator is located in the sensing area of ​​the current sensing system.

3. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The current induction system uses the blasting busbar as the primary winding, induces a secondary voltage, and forms an induced current.

4. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation time recording system of the blasting source of the entire tunnel face is buried near the tunnel face.

5. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing system is configured to fit the first blasting time and the second blasting time based on the least square method to obtain the detonation time; Alternatively, the signal processing system is configured to establish a mapping relationship between the first blasting moment and the second blasting moment through a deep learning method, and finally obtain an accurate detonation moment prediction model to determine the detonation moment.

6. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a casing for accommodating the current sensing system, the explosion pickup system, the signal processing system and the wireless transmission system.

7. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The casing is provided with a wire hole for passing the blasting busbar of the detonator.

8. The detonation time recording system of the tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply system, which is used to provide electrical energy to the current sensing system, the blasting pickup system, the signal processing system and the wireless transmission system.

9. A method for recording the detonation time of a tunnel face blasting source, using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The current sensing system senses the high-voltage pulse electrical signal generated by the detonator to form an induced current, and records the generation time of the induced current as the first blasting moment; The blasting pickup system senses the vibration signal generated by the blasting in the tunnel face construction, converts the vibration signal into an electrical signal, and records the signal generation time as the second blasting moment; The signal processing system receives the first blasting time and the second blasting time, performs fitting, and uses the blasting time obtained by fitting as the detonation time; The wireless transmission system transmits the detonation moment to the cloud or other devices.

10. A method for recording the detonation time of a tunnel face blasting source as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The first blasting time and the second blasting time are fitted based on the least square method to obtain the detonation time; Alternatively, through a deep learning method, a mapping relationship between the first blasting moment and the second blasting moment is established, and finally an accurate detonation moment prediction model is obtained to determine the detonation moment.

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