Optical zoom lens made of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical zoom lens made of a voltage-controlled liquid crystal material. According to the invention, the improved liquid crystal material is adopted, and the ratio and arrangement mode of liquid crystal molecules are optimized, so that the light transmission performance and the zooming efficiency are improved. A mixed nematic liquid crystal material is used, and a trace amount of dopant is introduced to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal. The dopant includes small organic molecules or nanoparticles having a high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of the liquid crystal. Temperature stability improvement: by introducing a novel polymer stabilization technology, a small amount of controllable polymer network is added into a liquid crystal material, so that the temperature tolerance of the liquid crystal is improved, and the influence of temperature change on the focal length of the lens is reduced; the design of the electrode has obvious influence on the performance of the liquid crystal zoom lens. An innovative transparent electrode design is adopted so as to reduce light shielding and improve the transmittance, the electrode material is a composite electrode of indium tin oxide and a conductive polymer, and the advantages of high light transmittance and excellent conductivity are combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of optical lenses, and in particular relates to an optical variable focus lens made of a voltage-controlled liquid crystal material. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of optical imaging and display technology, zoom lenses are increasingly used in camera equipment, microscopes, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), optical communications and other fields. Traditional zoom lenses mainly rely on mechanical movement to adjust the focal length, usually using the physical displacement of the lens group to achieve the zoom function. Although these mechanical zoom technologies can provide high optical quality and precise focal length control.

[0003] But there are the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. Low optical transmittance: Due to the uneven arrangement of liquid crystal molecules and the blocking of light by electrode materials, the optical transmittance of existing liquid crystal zoom lenses is low, which affects the imaging brightness and overall optical performance of the lens, especially in scenes with low light.

[0005] 2. Limited zoom range: The zoom range of existing liquid crystal lenses is limited by the characteristics of liquid crystal materials and the ability to control the electric field. It is difficult to achieve continuous zoom over a large range and cannot meet the zoom requirements of complex scenes such as wide-angle to telephoto.

[0006] 3. Image quality is affected by the diffraction effect: The optical performance of liquid crystal lenses is easily affected by the diffraction effect, resulting in a decrease in image quality. Especially in high-resolution imaging, problems such as edge blur, dispersion and light spots are more obvious.

[0007] 4. Sensitive to temperature: The optical properties of liquid crystal materials are sensitive to changes in ambient temperature. Temperature fluctuations will affect the arrangement stability of liquid crystal molecules, thereby affecting the focal length and imaging quality of the lens, making it difficult to ensure consistency under different temperature conditions.

[0008] 5. High driving voltage requirements: Existing liquid crystal lenses usually require a higher driving voltage to achieve effective zoom control, which not only increases energy consumption, but also puts higher requirements on the design of the driving circuit, which is not conducive to the integration of low-power devices. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide an optical variable focus lens made of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an optical variable focus lens lens of a voltage-controlled liquid crystal material, the lens comprising an annular transparent electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a driving circuit layer and a packaging layer;

[0011] The annular transparent electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer are connected via a transparent conductive electrode to form an electric field path.

[0012] The driving circuit layer is connected to the annular transparent electrode layer through a conductive adhesive to provide a driving voltage for the electrode.

[0013] The packaging layer wraps up the internal structure of the lens to protect it.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the annular transparent electrode layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the packaging layer.

[0015] It consists of a composite electrode of multilayer indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, including multiple concentric ring electrodes.

[0016] Function: Generate an electric field to regulate the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the focal length of the lens.

[0017] 3. An optical variable focus lens made of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the liquid crystal layer is located between the annular transparent electrode layer and the driving circuit layer.

[0018] Improved hybrid nematic liquid crystal material is used, and trace amounts of dopants are added to improve the optical properties.

[0019] Function: Change the refractive index under the action of electric field to achieve optical zoom.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the driving circuit layer is located at the innermost side and is adjacent to the liquid crystal layer.

[0021] Contains low voltage drive circuit and intelligent zoom control algorithm.

[0022] Function: Provide driving voltage for the annular transparent electrode layer and control the electric field distribution to achieve precise focal length adjustment.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the encapsulation layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the annular transparent electrode layer.

[0024] Protect the lens from water and dust. Function: Protect the internal structure of the lens and improve the environmental adaptability of the product.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the lens comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Material preparation: Select and prepare high-performance liquid crystal materials, and ensure that the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal meet the design requirements. Prepare transparent electrode materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymers, and ensure that they have high transmittance and good conductivity. Prepare other auxiliary materials, including optical coating materials and encapsulation glue, etc.

[0027] S2. Electrode design and production: According to the design requirements, ring-shaped or multi-layer transparent electrodes are produced, and the electrodes are patterned using photolithography, sputtering or printing technology. The electrode pattern needs to be fine and uniform to ensure the uniformity of the electric field distribution. The electrodes are plated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates to form the drive structure of the lens.

[0028] S3. Liquid crystal injection: Inject the liquid crystal material into the designed electrode interlayer cavity, usually using the capillary injection method. Ensure that the liquid crystal is evenly distributed in the cavity without bubbles and impurities to avoid affecting the optical performance.

[0029] S4. Sealing and packaging: Use UV glue or other suitable packaging materials to seal the lens injected with liquid crystal. Through vacuum packaging technology, ensure that there is no air infiltration inside the lens to maintain the long-term stability of the liquid crystal.

[0030] S5. Driving circuit integration: Connect the packaged lens to the driving circuit to ensure good contact between the electrode and the driving circuit. The driving circuit uses a low-voltage integrated chip and is fixed by welding or conductive glue to ensure reliable electrical performance.

[0031] S6. Optical coating and surface treatment: Anti-reflection coating and anti-reflection coating are applied to the outside of the lens to improve optical transmittance and reduce surface reflection. Surface hardening or anti-fouling treatment is performed as needed to improve the durability of the lens.

[0032] S7. Performance test: The lens is subjected to rigorous optical performance tests, including transmittance, zoom range, response speed, imaging quality, and temperature stability. Adjustments and optimizations are made based on the test results to ensure that each lens meets the design standards before leaving the factory.

[0033] S8. Final assembly and quality inspection: Assemble qualified lenses with other optical components or equipment and conduct final functional verification. Conduct comprehensive quality inspection, including appearance inspection, electrical performance testing, optical alignment, etc., to ensure that the product meets various technical indicators.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the liquid crystal material uses a mixed nematic phase liquid crystal material, and a trace amount of dopant is introduced to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal. The dopant includes organic small molecules or nanoparticles with a high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of the liquid crystal.

[0035] The type is TN type mixed nematic phase liquid crystal material; the amount of liquid crystal injected is 75% of the cavity volume. The liquid crystal injection method is capillary injection method. The injection temperature is 25℃. The injection speed is 0.1ml / min. The post-injection treatment is slight vibration for 30 minutes to eliminate bubbles.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2,

[0037] The electrode material uses a composite electrode of indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, combining the advantages of high transmittance and excellent conductivity.

[0038] The electrodes are designed as a micro-patterned structure to optimize the electric field distribution, allowing the liquid crystal molecules to respond evenly under low driving voltage and reduce imaging distortion caused by uneven electric field.

[0039] A multi-layer electrode structure is designed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer to form a more uniform gradient electric field, achieving fine focus control and wide-range zoom function.

[0040] Sealing material: UV glue, epoxy resin or other suitable packaging materials.

[0041] Sealing thickness: Determined by the packaging material properties and cavity size, usually tens to hundreds of microns.

[0042] Sealing strength: Ensure that the sealing material can withstand certain pressure and temperature changes to avoid leakage.

[0043] Packaging method: vacuum packaging or nitrogen filling packaging to avoid the influence of oxygen and moisture on liquid crystal.

[0044] Packaging environment: clean, dry, dust-free environment to avoid contamination.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the low-voltage drive circuit design integrates a low-voltage drive chip, and adopts pulse voltage control technology to effectively reduce the operating voltage of the liquid crystal lens. The drive circuit board is made of FR-4 material with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The connection method uses welding or conductive glue to connect the electrode to the drive circuit board to ensure good contact. The overvoltage protection voltage of the circuit protection is 6V, and the overcurrent protection current is 20mA; the working voltage of the circuit debugging is 3V and the frequency is 1kHz.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, in step S6, the antireflection film: MgF2 film, thickness 80 nanometers, refractive index 1.38. Antireflection film: SiO2 / TiO2 multilayer film, thickness 40 / 20 nanometers, refractive index 1.45 / 2.2. Surface hardening: SiO2 coating, thickness 1 micron. Antifouling treatment uses hydrophobic coating, contact angle greater than 110 degrees.

[0047] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. In the present invention, improved liquid crystal materials are used to improve the light transmission performance and zoom efficiency by optimizing the ratio and arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. A mixed nematic liquid crystal material is used, and a trace amount of dopant is introduced to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal. The dopant includes organic small molecules or nanoparticles with a high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of the liquid crystal. Improved temperature stability: By introducing a new polymer stabilization technology, a small amount of controllable polymer network is added to the liquid crystal material to improve the temperature tolerance of the liquid crystal and reduce the impact of temperature changes on the focal length of the lens

[0049] 2. In the present invention, the design of the electrode has a significant impact on the performance of the liquid crystal zoom lens. The present invention adopts an innovative transparent electrode design to reduce light obstruction and improve transmittance: the electrode material adopts a composite electrode of indium tin oxide (ITO) and a conductive polymer, combining the advantages of high transmittance and excellent conductivity. The electrode is designed as a fine patterned structure to optimize the electric field distribution, so that the liquid crystal molecules can respond uniformly under low driving voltage and reduce imaging distortion caused by uneven electric fields. A multi-layer electrode structure is designed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer to form a more uniform gradient electric field, thereby achieving fine focal length control and a wide range of zoom functions.

[0050] 3. In the present invention, the driving circuit design is optimized and an intelligent control algorithm is introduced: an integrated low-voltage driving chip is designed and pulse voltage regulation technology is adopted to effectively reduce the operating voltage of the liquid crystal lens. An intelligent control algorithm based on real-time image feedback is developed, which monitors the imaging effect through a computer vision system, dynamically adjusts the electric field distribution, and realizes automatic adjustment and optimization of the focal length.

[0051] 4. In the present invention, compared with the traditional mechanical zoom lens, the liquid crystal zoom lens of the present invention has no mechanical moving parts, has a simpler and more compact structure, is easy to integrate with other optical elements and electronic devices, reduces the size and weight of the device, and is suitable for application in various miniaturized and lightweight optical systems.

[0052] 5. In the present invention, due to the simplified structure and enhanced durability, the liquid crystal zoom lens of the present invention has a long service life and requires almost no maintenance. At the same time, the preparation process is simple, which reduces the cost of manufacturing and subsequent maintenance, and is suitable for large-scale production and market promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electrode of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the electrode in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] Reference Figure 1-2 ,

[0057] An optical zoom lens made of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material, the lens comprising an annular transparent electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a driving circuit layer and a packaging layer;

[0058] The annular transparent electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer are connected via a transparent conductive electrode to form an electric field path.

[0059] The driving circuit layer is connected to the annular transparent electrode layer through conductive glue to provide driving voltage for the electrode.

[0060] The encapsulation layer wraps the internal structure of the lens for protection.

[0061] The annular transparent electrode layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the packaging layer.

[0062] It consists of a composite electrode of multilayer indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, including multiple concentric ring electrodes.

[0063] Function: Generate an electric field to regulate the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the focal length of the lens.

[0064] The liquid crystal layer is located between the annular transparent electrode layer and the driving circuit layer.

[0065] Improved hybrid nematic liquid crystal material is used, and trace amounts of dopants are added to improve the optical properties.

[0066] Function: Change the refractive index under the action of electric field to achieve optical zoom.

[0067] The driving circuit layer is located at the innermost side and is adjacent to the liquid crystal layer.

[0068] Contains low voltage drive circuit and intelligent zoom control algorithm.

[0069] Function: Provide driving voltage for the annular transparent electrode layer and control the electric field distribution to achieve precise focal length adjustment.

[0070] The encapsulation layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the annular transparent electrode layer.

[0071] Protect the lens from water and dust. Function: Protect the internal structure of the lens and improve the environmental adaptability of the product.

[0072] The method for preparing the lens comprises the following steps:

[0073] S1. Material preparation: Select and prepare high-performance liquid crystal materials, and ensure that the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal meet the design requirements. Prepare transparent electrode materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymers, and ensure that they have high transmittance and good conductivity. Prepare other auxiliary materials, including optical coating materials and encapsulation glue, etc.

[0074] S2. Electrode design and production: According to the design requirements, ring-shaped or multi-layer transparent electrodes are produced, and the electrodes are patterned using photolithography, sputtering or printing technology. The electrode pattern needs to be fine and uniform to ensure the uniformity of the electric field distribution. The electrodes are plated on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates to form the drive structure of the lens.

[0075] S3. Liquid crystal injection: Inject the liquid crystal material into the designed electrode interlayer cavity, usually using the capillary injection method. Ensure that the liquid crystal is evenly distributed in the cavity without bubbles and impurities to avoid affecting the optical performance.

[0076] S4. Sealing and packaging: Use UV glue or other suitable packaging materials to seal the lens injected with liquid crystal. Through vacuum packaging technology, ensure that there is no air infiltration inside the lens to maintain the long-term stability of the liquid crystal.

[0077] S5. Driving circuit integration: Connect the packaged lens to the driving circuit to ensure good contact between the electrode and the driving circuit. The driving circuit uses a low-voltage integrated chip and is fixed by welding or conductive glue to ensure reliable electrical performance.

[0078] S6. Optical coating and surface treatment: Anti-reflection coating and anti-reflection coating are applied to the outside of the lens to improve optical transmittance and reduce surface reflection. Surface hardening or anti-fouling treatment is performed as needed to improve the durability of the lens.

[0079] S7. Performance test: The lens is subjected to rigorous optical performance tests, including transmittance, zoom range, response speed, imaging quality, and temperature stability. Adjustments and optimizations are made based on the test results to ensure that each lens meets the design standards before leaving the factory.

[0080] S8. Final assembly and quality inspection: Assemble qualified lenses with other optical components or equipment and conduct final functional verification. Conduct comprehensive quality inspection, including appearance inspection, electrical performance testing, optical alignment, etc., to ensure that the product meets various technical indicators.

[0081] In step S3, the liquid crystal material uses a mixed nematic phase liquid crystal material, and introduces a trace amount of dopant to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal. The dopant includes organic small molecules or nanoparticles with a high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of the liquid crystal.

[0082] The type is TN type mixed nematic phase liquid crystal material; the amount of liquid crystal injected is 75% of the cavity volume. The liquid crystal injection method is capillary injection method. The injection temperature is 25℃. The injection speed is 0.1ml / min. The post-injection treatment is slight vibration for 30 minutes to eliminate bubbles.

[0083] In step S2,

[0084] The electrode material uses a composite electrode of indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, combining the advantages of high transmittance and excellent conductivity.

[0085] The electrodes are designed as a micro-patterned structure to optimize the electric field distribution, allowing the liquid crystal molecules to respond evenly under low driving voltage and reduce imaging distortion caused by uneven electric field.

[0086] A multi-layer electrode structure is designed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer to form a more uniform gradient electric field, achieving fine focus control and wide-range zoom function.

[0087] Sealing material: UV glue, epoxy resin or other suitable packaging materials.

[0088] Sealing thickness: Determined by the packaging material properties and cavity size, usually tens to hundreds of microns.

[0089] Sealing strength: Ensure that the sealing material can withstand certain pressure and temperature changes to avoid leakage.

[0090] Packaging method: vacuum packaging or nitrogen filling packaging to avoid the influence of oxygen and moisture on liquid crystal.

[0091] Packaging environment: clean, dry, dust-free environment to avoid contamination.

[0092] In step S5, the low-voltage drive circuit design integrates a low-voltage drive chip and adopts pulse voltage control technology to effectively reduce the operating voltage of the liquid crystal lens. The drive circuit board is made of FR-4 material with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The connection method uses welding or conductive glue to connect the electrode to the drive circuit board to ensure good contact. The overvoltage protection voltage of the circuit protection is 6V, and the overcurrent protection current is 20mA; the working voltage of the circuit debugging is 3V and the frequency is 1kHz.

[0093] In step S6, anti-reflection film: MgF2 film, thickness 80 nanometers, refractive index 1.38. Anti-reflection film: SiO2 / TiO2 multilayer film, thickness 40 / 20 nanometers, refractive index 1.45 / 2.2. Surface hardening: SiO2 coating, thickness 1 micron. Anti-fouling treatment uses hydrophobic coating, contact angle greater than 110 degrees

[0094] The present invention adopts a unique annular electrode arrangement mode, and realizes fine control of the electric field through multiple concentric annular electrodes. The annular electrodes can produce a more uniform electric field distribution, make the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules more orderly, and significantly improve the optical performance and zoom efficiency of the lens. This design effectively reduces the electric field distortion problem in focal length adjustment and ensures stable imaging quality.

[0095] The multi-layer transparent electrode design, including a composite electrode combination of indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, not only improves the transparency of the electrode, but also ensures good conductivity. The multi-layer electrode structure can better control the electric field gradient in the liquid crystal layer, enabling the lens to achieve a wider range of zoom adjustments at a lower voltage.

[0096] The present invention develops low-voltage drive technology, combined with intelligent control algorithms, to achieve precise control of the lens zoom process. The algorithm monitors the imaging state in real time and dynamically adjusts the electric field distribution to achieve the purpose of automatically optimizing the zoom effect. Low-voltage drive not only reduces power consumption, but also makes the device more suitable for portable applications.

[0097] In the present invention, improved liquid crystal materials are used to improve the light transmission performance and zoom efficiency by optimizing the ratio and arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. Hybrid nematic liquid crystal materials are used, and trace dopants are introduced to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of liquid crystals. Dopants include small organic molecules or nanoparticles with high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of liquid crystals. Improved temperature stability: By introducing new polymer stabilization technology, a small amount of controllable polymer network is added to the liquid crystal material to improve the temperature tolerance of the liquid crystal and reduce the impact of temperature changes on the focal length of the lens.

[0098] In the present invention, the design of the electrode has a significant impact on the performance of the liquid crystal zoom lens. The present invention adopts an innovative transparent electrode design to reduce light obstruction and improve transmittance: the electrode material adopts a composite electrode of indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, combining the advantages of high transmittance and excellent conductivity. The electrode is designed as a fine patterned structure to optimize the electric field distribution, so that the liquid crystal molecules can respond uniformly under low driving voltage and reduce imaging distortion caused by uneven electric field. A multi-layer electrode structure is designed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal layer to form a more uniform gradient electric field, thereby achieving fine focal length control and a wide range of zoom functions.

[0099] In this invention, the driving circuit design is optimized and an intelligent control algorithm is introduced: an integrated low-voltage driving chip is designed and pulse voltage regulation technology is adopted to effectively reduce the operating voltage of the liquid crystal lens. An intelligent control algorithm based on real-time image feedback is developed, which monitors the imaging effect through a computer vision system, dynamically adjusts the electric field distribution, and realizes automatic adjustment and optimization of the focal length.

[0100] In the present invention, compared with the traditional mechanical zoom lens, the liquid crystal zoom lens of the present invention has no mechanical moving parts, has a simpler and more compact structure, is easy to integrate with other optical elements and electronic devices, reduces the size and weight of the device, and is suitable for application in various miniaturized and lightweight optical systems.

[0101] In the present invention, due to the simplified structure and enhanced durability, the liquid crystal zoom lens of the present invention has a long service life and requires almost no maintenance. At the same time, the preparation process is simple, the cost of manufacturing and subsequent maintenance is reduced, and it is suitable for large-scale production and market promotion.

[0102] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0103] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical zoom lens made of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material, characterized in that: The lens comprises an annular transparent electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a driving circuit layer and a packaging layer; The annular transparent electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer are connected via a transparent conductive electrode to form an electric field path; The driving circuit layer is connected to the annular transparent electrode layer through a conductive adhesive to provide a driving voltage for the electrode; The packaging layer wraps up the internal structure of the lens to protect it.

2. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular transparent electrode layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the encapsulation layer; It consists of a composite electrode of multilayer indium tin oxide (ITO) and conductive polymer, including multiple concentric ring electrodes. Function: Generate an electric field to regulate the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby changing the focal length of the lens.

3. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid crystal layer is located between the annular transparent electrode layer and the driving circuit layer; Adopt improved hybrid nematic liquid crystal materials and add trace dopants to improve optical properties; Function: Change the refractive index under the action of electric field to achieve optical zoom.

4. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving circuit layer is located at the innermost side and is adjacent to the liquid crystal layer; it provides driving voltage for the annular transparent electrode layer and controls the electric field distribution to achieve precise focal length adjustment.

5. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The encapsulation layer is located at the outermost side and is adjacent to the annular transparent electrode layer; The encapsulation layer provides waterproof and dustproof protection for the lens; The packaging layer protects the internal structure of the lens and improves the environmental adaptability of the product.

6. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the lens comprises the following steps: S1. Material preparation: Select and prepare high-performance liquid crystal materials to ensure that the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal meet the design requirements; prepare transparent electrode materials such as indium tin oxide and conductive polymers, and ensure that they have high transmittance and good conductivity; prepare other auxiliary materials, including optical coating materials and packaging glue; S2. Electrode design and production: According to the design requirements, make ring-shaped or multi-layer transparent electrodes, and pattern the electrodes using photolithography, sputtering or printing technology; the electrode pattern must be fine and uniform to ensure the uniformity of the electric field distribution; plate the electrodes on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower substrates to form the driving structure of the lens; S3. Liquid crystal injection: Inject the liquid crystal material into the designed electrode interlayer cavity, usually using a capillary injection method; ensure that the liquid crystal is evenly distributed in the cavity without bubbles and impurities to avoid affecting the optical performance; S4. Sealing and packaging: Use UV glue or other suitable packaging materials to seal the lens injected with liquid crystal; use vacuum packaging technology to ensure that there is no air infiltration inside the lens to maintain the long-term stability of the liquid crystal; S5. Driving circuit integration: Connect the packaged lens to the driving circuit to ensure good contact between the electrode and the driving circuit; the driving circuit uses a low-voltage integrated chip and is fixed by welding or conductive glue to ensure reliable electrical performance; S6. Optical coating and surface treatment: Anti-reflection film and anti-reflection film are applied to the outside of the lens to improve optical transmittance and reduce surface reflection; surface hardening or anti-fouling treatment is performed as needed to improve the durability of the lens; S7. Performance test: Conduct strict optical performance tests on the lens, including transmittance, zoom range, response speed, imaging quality and temperature stability; make adjustments and optimizations based on the test results to ensure that each lens meets the design standards before leaving the factory; S8. Final assembly and quality inspection: Assemble qualified lenses with other optical components or equipment and conduct final functional verification; conduct comprehensive quality inspection, including appearance inspection, electrical performance testing, and optical alignment to ensure that the product meets various technical indicators.

7. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the liquid crystal material uses a mixed nematic liquid crystal material, and a trace amount of dopant is introduced to improve the optical anisotropy and stability of the liquid crystal; the dopant includes organic small molecules or nanoparticles with a high refractive index to optimize the response speed and transmittance of the liquid crystal.

8. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the electrode material is a composite electrode of indium tin oxide and a conductive polymer, which combines the advantages of high light transmittance and excellent conductivity; The electrodes are designed as a micro-patterned structure to optimize the electric field distribution, allowing the liquid crystal molecules to respond evenly under low driving voltage and reduce imaging distortion caused by uneven electric field.

9. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the low-voltage drive circuit design integrates a low-voltage drive chip, and uses pulse voltage regulation technology to reduce the operating voltage of the liquid crystal lens; the drive circuit board is made of FR-4 material and has a thickness of 1.6 mm; The connection method is to connect the electrode to the driving circuit board by welding or conductive glue; the overvoltage protection voltage of the circuit protection is 6V, and the overcurrent protection current is 20mA; the working voltage of the circuit debugging is 3V and the frequency is 1kHz.

10. The optical variable focus lens of voltage-controlled liquid crystal material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S6, the antireflection film is MgF2 film with a thickness of 80 nanometers and a refractive index of 1.38; the antireflection film is SiO2 / TiO2 multilayer film with a thickness of 40 / 20 nanometers and a refractive index of 1.45 / 2.2; the surface hardening is performed by using SiO2 coating with a thickness of 1 micron; the antifouling treatment uses a hydrophobic coating with a contact angle greater than 110 degrees.

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