Water vapor flow control method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a water vapor flow control method and system, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The water vapor flow control method comprises the steps that a temperature threshold value and a pressure threshold value are set, the flow of reactants input into an evaporator is controlled, the evaporator is controlled to conduct first temperature adjusting treatment, liquid in the reactants is completely converted into steam, and mixed gas is output; temperature information and pressure information of mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator are detected, the opening degree of the evaporator is adjusted through a control algorithm, and the flow of input reactants is adjusted; the mixed gas is conveyed into a superheater to be subjected to second temperature adjusting treatment, and steam in the mixed gas is output after being heated; by designing the evaporator and the superheater, secondary heating is conducted, liquid water is evaporated at the low excess temperature in the evaporator, liquid water bumping and liquid water mist entrainment are prevented, then mixed gas is heated to the second temperature threshold value, the steam mass flow control is accurate, and the volume flow is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen production equipment, and in particular to a water vapor flow control method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The design concept of the existing SOFC / SOEC water vapor generator is that the liquid water is completely evaporated in the evaporator, that is, the mass flow rate of liquid water entering the evaporator is equal to the mass flow rate of steam at the evaporator outlet, thereby converting the steam mass flow rate control into the liquid water flow rate control entering the evaporator.

[0003] Steam flow regulation in the usual sense controls the volume flow of steam, and does not have particularly high requirements for the quality of steam (dryness, temperature accuracy). However, the SOEC stack requires precise water vapor flow to achieve maximum system efficiency. Since water vapor is cooled and liquefied during flow and transportation, resulting in unstable flow, the volume flow or mass flow measurement at the evaporator outlet cannot be used as a measure of the stability of the steam generator. The SOEC high-temperature steam generator not only needs to accurately control the mass flow of steam, but also has high requirements for the quality of steam (dryness, temperature accuracy). It also expects the stability of the steam volume flow (no fluctuation in flow rate) and the response speed of temperature control. The quality of steam will directly affect the final detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a water vapor flow control method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a water vapor flow control method, comprising:

[0006] S1: Setting the temperature threshold and the pressure threshold, controlling the flow rate of the reactants entering the evaporator, controlling the evaporator to perform the first temperature adjustment process, so that the liquid in the reactants is completely converted into vapor, and outputting a mixed gas;

[0007] S2: Detecting the temperature information and pressure information of the mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator, adjusting the opening of the evaporator through a control algorithm, and adjusting the flow rate of the input reactant;

[0008] S3: The mixed gas is transported to a superheater for a second temperature adjustment process, and the steam in the mixed gas is heated and then output.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: in step S1, it also includes:

[0010] S11: detecting the liquid level of pure water in the water tank, controlling the flow rate of pure water entering the evaporator, and controlling the flow rate of reactants entering the evaporator through a flow controller;

[0011] S12: Controlling the evaporator to heat up to a first temperature threshold, so that the pure water and the reactants react under high temperature conditions to obtain a mixed gas of steam and hydrogen.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: in step S2, it also includes:

[0013] S21: the evaporator outputs a mixed gas, and detects the temperature, dew point and pressure of the mixed gas. According to the first temperature threshold and the detected temperature information, the opening of the heater is controlled by a control algorithm. After the set first temperature threshold is reached, a time interval is set.

[0014] S22: After the time interval is reached, the temperature information and the pressure information are recorded, and the flow rates of the reactants and pure water input into the evaporator are controlled.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: in step S3, it also includes:

[0016] S31: the superheater receives the mixed gas, performs a second temperature adjustment process, detects the heating temperature of the mixed gas, and outputs the mixed gas after the mixed gas is heated to a second temperature threshold.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold and the first temperature.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution: the control algorithm is a PID control algorithm.

[0019] Also included is a flow control system, which is applicable to the control method described in any one of the above technical solutions, including:

[0020] Evaporator;

[0021] The input end of the evaporator is connected to a flow controller and a plunger pump;

[0022] The plunger pump is connected to a water tank, a liquid level gauge is arranged inside the water tank, and a water supply solenoid valve is arranged inside the water tank;

[0023] The other end of the flow controller is input with reactants.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution: a first thermometer is provided on the evaporator, and a second thermometer, a dew point detector and a pressure gauge are provided at the output end of the evaporator;

[0025] The output end of the pressure gauge is connected to the superheater, a third thermometer is arranged on the superheater, and a fourth thermometer is arranged at the output end of the superheater.

[0026] It also includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for running the control method, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the control method as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0027] Also included is an electronic device, comprising:

[0028] one or more processors; memory; and

[0029] One or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the programs include a control method for executing any one of the above technical solutions.

[0030] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0031] By designing the evaporator and superheater, secondary heating is performed, and the liquid water is evaporated at a lower excess temperature in the evaporator to prevent liquid water boiling and liquid water mist entrainment, and then the mixed gas is heated to the second temperature threshold. The steam mass flow rate is accurately controlled and the volume flow rate is more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The process of the control method proposed by the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 The process of the control method proposed by the present invention is Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 The process of the control method proposed by the present invention is Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 4 The process of the control method proposed by the present invention is Figure 4 ;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control system proposed by the present invention.

[0037] Legend:

[0038] 1. Evaporator; 2. Flow controller; 3. Plunger pump; 4. Water tank; 5. Water supply solenoid valve; 6. First thermometer; 7. Second thermometer; 8. Dew point detector; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Superheater; 11. Third thermometer; 12. Fourth thermometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides: a water vapor flow control method, comprising:

[0041] S1: Setting the temperature threshold and the pressure threshold, controlling the flow rate of the reactants entering the evaporator, controlling the evaporator to perform the first temperature adjustment process, so that the liquid in the reactants is completely converted into vapor, and outputting a mixed gas;

[0042] S2: Detect the temperature and pressure information of the mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator, adjust the opening of the evaporator through the control algorithm, and adjust the flow rate of the input reactant;

[0043] S3: The mixed gas is transported to a superheater for a second temperature adjustment process, and the steam in the mixed gas is heated and then output.

[0044] In this embodiment, the reactants are a mixed gas of methane and hydrogen. In the SOEC hydrogen production system, when CH4 is input, more hydrogen can be obtained by utilizing the high temperature environment inside the system and a specific catalyst, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency of the entire hydrogen production system.

[0045] Setting the temperature threshold and pressure threshold is a very critical operation. These thresholds are determined according to the requirements of the subsequent reaction or treatment process for the state of the reactants. By setting appropriate temperature threshold and pressure threshold, clear target parameters can be provided for the operation of the evaporator to ensure that the output mixed gas meets the requirements of the subsequent process steps.

[0046] If the reactant input flow rate is too large, the evaporator may not have enough time to completely convert the liquid into vapor, and part of the liquid may be output along with the vapor in an unevaporated state, affecting the purity of the mixed gas and subsequent processing effects; on the contrary, if the flow rate is too small, although it may be easier to achieve complete evaporation of the liquid, it will reduce the processing speed of the entire process and affect production efficiency. The reactants are heated by heating devices (such as steam coils, electric heating elements, etc.) to gradually increase their temperature to reach the boiling point of the liquid and continue to provide heat, prompting the liquid to continue to evaporate and convert into vapor.

[0047] The control algorithm is usually based on the principle of feedback control. The actual temperature and pressure values ​​detected are compared with the set thresholds. The required adjustment range is calculated based on the deviation. For example, the evaporator opening degree is adjusted by controlling the flow of steam or other heating media through a regulating valve to control its heating capacity. If the temperature of the mixed gas is detected to be lower than the set threshold, the control algorithm may indicate to increase the opening of the evaporator to enhance the heating effect and increase the temperature; conversely, if the temperature is higher than the threshold, the opening degree is reduced.

[0048] The main function of the superheater is to further heat the steam in the mixed gas output from the evaporator to a higher temperature and achieve a "superheated" state. Unlike the evaporator, the superheater is mainly concerned with further heating the already evaporated steam, rather than converting liquid into steam. During the heating process, it is also necessary to pay close attention to the temperature changes of the steam to ensure that it reaches the predetermined superheat temperature as required before being output.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 , in step S1, further comprising:

[0050] S11: Detect the liquid level of pure water in the water tank, control the flow rate of pure water entering the evaporator, and control the flow rate of reactants entering the evaporator through a flow controller;

[0051] S12: Controlling the evaporator to heat up to a first temperature threshold, so that the pure water and the reactants react under high temperature conditions to obtain a mixed gas of steam and hydrogen.

[0052] In this embodiment, the liquid level of pure water in the water tank is a key parameter. Accurate detection of the liquid level is crucial because it is directly related to whether sufficient pure water can be provided to the evaporator stably and continuously in the future. The liquid level height information of the pure water in the water tank can be obtained in real time through a liquid level detection device (such as a liquid level sensor, etc.). The liquid level sensor includes a float type liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic liquid level sensor, a static pressure type liquid level sensor, etc., which can convert the liquid level height into an electrical signal or other readable signal in different ways, so that the control system can understand the remaining amount of pure water in the current water tank.

[0053] The flow control of reactants is similar to that of pure water, and is also based on the requirements of the entire process and the processing capacity of the evaporator. Different reactants may have specific reaction ratio requirements, and the flow rate of pure water needs to maintain a certain proportional relationship to ensure that the expected reaction can occur in the evaporator and obtain the desired product.

[0054] By setting the first temperature threshold, which is determined according to the chemical properties of the reaction between pure water and reactants in the evaporator and the desired reaction products (a mixture of steam and hydrogen), when the temperature reaches the first temperature threshold, the evaporator can maintain a stable temperature near the first temperature threshold by adjusting the control system, ensuring that the reaction continues in a suitable temperature environment.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 , in step S2, further comprising:

[0056] S21: the evaporator outputs the mixed gas, and detects the temperature, dew point and pressure of the mixed gas. According to the first temperature threshold and the detected temperature information, the opening of the heater is controlled by a control algorithm. After the set first temperature threshold is reached, a time interval is set.

[0057] S22: After the time interval is reached, the temperature information and pressure information are recorded, and the flow rates of the reactants and pure water input into the evaporator are controlled.

[0058] In this embodiment, the temperature of the mixed gas directly reflects the current working state of the evaporator and the thermal energy of the mixed gas. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure value of the mixed gas in real time to ensure that it is within the appropriate pressure range. Too high pressure may cause excessive pressure load on pipelines and equipment, posing a safety hazard; too low pressure may cause poor flow of the mixed gas, affecting the continuity of the process. Dew point refers to the temperature at which the gas is cooled to a temperature at a certain pressure so that the unsaturated water vapor contained in it becomes saturated water vapor. If the dew point of the mixed gas is too high, in the subsequent pipeline transportation or equipment processing process, when the temperature drops below the dew point, water vapor may condense into water droplets, affecting the purity of the mixed gas. A dew point meter is usually used to measure the dew point of the mixed gas.

[0059] The time interval is 10-30 minutes, and this application is set to 20 minutes. The temperature is stable at the first temperature threshold. After reaching the set time interval of 20 minutes, in order to ensure that the state of the mixed gas is sufficiently stable and meets the requirements of subsequent process steps, the data of the pressure sensor and temperature sensor are recorded and the flow rate is automatically adjusted.

[0060] The control algorithm is usually based on feedback control principles, such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm, to determine how the heater opening needs to be adjusted, and the control algorithm is written into the PLC for control.

[0061] Reference Figure 4 , in step S3, further comprising:

[0062] S31: The superheater receives the mixed gas, performs a second temperature adjustment process, detects the heating temperature of the mixed gas, and outputs the mixed gas after the mixed gas is heated to a second temperature threshold.

[0063] The first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold and the first temperature.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first temperature threshold is 90-100°C, and the second temperature threshold is 150°C. At the first temperature threshold, the steam is completely evaporated and gasified at a "lower excess temperature" to prevent liquid water from boiling and liquid water mist from being entrained. When the temperature is raised to the second temperature threshold (process required temperature), the steam mass flow control is real and accurate, the volume flow is stable, and the steam dryness and temperature accuracy are guaranteed.

[0065] Reference Figure 5 , also includes an embodiment of a flow control system, the control system is applicable to any control method in the above technical solution, including:

[0066] Evaporator 1;

[0067] The input end of the evaporator 1 is connected to the flow controller 2 and the plunger pump 3;

[0068] The plunger pump 3 is connected to the water tank 4, a liquid level gauge is arranged inside the water tank 4, and the water tank 4 is provided with a water supply solenoid valve 5;

[0069] The other end of the flow controller 2 inputs the reactant.

[0070] Specifically, the evaporator 1 is provided with a first thermometer 6, and the output end of the evaporator 1 is provided with a second thermometer 7, a dew point detector 8 and a pressure gauge 9;

[0071] The output end of the pressure gauge 9 is connected to the superheater 10 , on which a third thermometer 11 is provided. The output end of the superheater 10 is provided with a fourth thermometer 12 .

[0072] In this embodiment, pure water enters the water tank 4 through the water supply solenoid valve 5, the water tank 4 supplies water to the evaporator 1 through the plunger pump 3, and the water level of the water tank 4 is monitored by the liquid level meter, the reactant is controlled by the flow controller 2 to control the flow rate input into the evaporator 1, and the evaporator 1 is provided with a first thermometer 6 to detect whether the first temperature threshold is reached. The output end of the evaporator 1 is provided with a second thermometer 7, a dew point detector 8 and a pressure gauge 9 to detect the mixed gas, and the mixed gas is input into the superheater 10. The superheater 10 is provided with a third thermometer 11 for detecting whether the second temperature threshold is reached. The output end of the superheater 10 is provided with a fourth thermometer 12 to detect the output gas temperature.

[0073] The above control system can be arranged in a mobile vehicle, and the control system of the present application can be driven to move by controlling the position of the mobile vehicle, so as to be installed and adapted to the corresponding hydrogen production system.

[0074] Also included is an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the control method, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the following steps:

[0075] S1: Setting the temperature threshold and the pressure threshold, controlling the flow rate of the reactants entering the evaporator, controlling the evaporator to perform the first temperature adjustment process, so that the liquid in the reactants is completely converted into vapor, and outputting a mixed gas;

[0076] S2: Detect the temperature and pressure information of the mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator, adjust the opening of the evaporator through the control algorithm, and adjust the flow rate of the input reactant;

[0077] S3: The mixed gas is transported to a superheater for a second temperature adjustment process, and the steam in the mixed gas is heated and then output.

[0078] Among them, the computer-readable storage medium can be a computer storage medium or a communication medium. The communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transmission of a computer program from one place to another. The computer storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. For example, a computer-readable storage medium is coupled to a processor so that the processor can read information from the computer-readable storage medium and write information to the computer-readable storage medium. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the computer-readable storage medium can be located in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In addition, the ASIC can be located in a user device. Of course, the processor and the computer-readable storage medium can also exist in a communication device as discrete components.

[0079] Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer.

[0080] Also included is an embodiment of an electronic device, comprising:

[0081] one or more processors; memory; and

[0082] One or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs comprising steps for performing the following steps:

[0083] S1: Setting the temperature threshold and the pressure threshold, controlling the flow rate of the reactants entering the evaporator, controlling the evaporator to perform the first temperature adjustment process, so that the liquid in the reactants is completely converted into vapor, and outputting a mixed gas;

[0084] S2: Detect the temperature and pressure information of the mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator, adjust the opening of the evaporator through the control algorithm, and adjust the flow rate of the input reactant;

[0085] S3: The mixed gas is transported to a superheater for a second temperature adjustment process, and the steam in the mixed gas is heated and then output.

[0086] Memory is used to store computer programs. The memory may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory, and may also be a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk.

[0087] The processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement the control method in the above embodiment. The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the invention can be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0088] Optionally, the memory can be independent or integrated with the processor.

[0089] When the memory is a device independent of the processor, the electronic device may further include a bus. The bus is used to connect the memory and the processor. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.

[0090] It should be noted that, through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiment. In this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more constraints, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising the element.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling water vapor flow, characterized in that: include: S1: Setting the temperature threshold and the pressure threshold, controlling the flow rate of the reactants entering the evaporator, controlling the evaporator to perform the first temperature adjustment process, so that the liquid in the reactants is completely converted into vapor, and outputting a mixed gas; S2: Detecting the temperature information and pressure information of the mixed gas at the output end of the evaporator, adjusting the opening of the evaporator through a control algorithm, and adjusting the flow rate of the input reactant; S3: The mixed gas is transported to a superheater for a second temperature adjustment process, and the steam in the mixed gas is heated and then output.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, it also includes: S11: detecting the liquid level of pure water in the water tank, controlling the flow rate of pure water entering the evaporator, and controlling the flow rate of reactants entering the evaporator through a flow controller; S12: Controlling the evaporator to heat up to a first temperature threshold, so that the pure water and the reactants react under high temperature conditions to obtain a mixed gas of steam and hydrogen.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, it also includes: S21: the evaporator outputs a mixed gas, and detects the temperature, dew point and pressure of the mixed gas. According to the first temperature threshold and the detected temperature information, the opening of the heater is controlled by a control algorithm. After the set first temperature threshold is reached, a time interval is set. S22: After the time interval is reached, the temperature information and the pressure information are recorded, and the flow rates of the reactants and pure water input into the evaporator are controlled.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, it also includes: S31: the superheater receives the mixed gas, performs a second temperature adjustment process, detects the heating temperature of the mixed gas, and outputs the mixed gas after the mixed gas is heated to a second temperature threshold.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature threshold is less than the second temperature threshold and the first temperature.

6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control algorithm is a PID control algorithm.

7. A flow control system, characterized in that: The control system is applicable to the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, including: Evaporator (1); The input end of the evaporator (1) is connected to a flow controller (2) and a plunger pump (3); The plunger pump (3) is connected to a water tank (4), a liquid level gauge is provided inside the water tank (4), and a water supply solenoid valve (5) is provided inside the water tank (4); The other end of the flow controller (2) is input with reactants.

8. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The evaporator (1) is provided with a first thermometer (6), and the output end of the evaporator (1) is provided with a second thermometer (7), a dew point detector (8) and a pressure gauge (9); The output end of the pressure gauge (9) is connected to a superheater (10), a third thermometer (11) is provided on the superheater (10), and a fourth thermometer (12) is provided at the output end of the superheater (10).

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: It stores a computer program for running the control method, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; Memory; as well as One or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the programs including instructions for executing the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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