A yellow risk level refinement method and system applicable to tunnel engineering

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering, belonging to the technical field of underground engineering. The method includes collecting relevant information on the evaluation of tunnels according to the existing safety risk assessment method; establishing a questionnaire for the likelihood of yellow risk occurrence, and using the expert investigation method to conduct investigation and statistics on the likelihood of yellow risk events; establishing a risk level sub - matrix for tunnel yellow risk events, and refining the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels; combining the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction to determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level of risk; conducting risk level sub - level division for tunnel yellow risk events, refining risk prevention and control measures for tunnel yellow risk according to sub - levels, and applying them to the implementation of tunnel engineering. Through the present invention, it can more clearly guide the implementation of tunnel engineering, ensure the safety of tunnel construction, and is expected to save more than 30% of the project investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and particularly relates to a method and system for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the infrastructure construction in China has developed rapidly. Underground projects such as tunnels and coal mining have extended to more dangerous mountainous areas, challenging deeper burial, longer length, etc. The engineering geological conditions are more complex, the construction conditions are more difficult, and the operation safety risks are becoming more prominent. In order to strengthen the prevention and control management of tunnel engineering safety risks and improve the identification and prevention and control capabilities of construction safety risks, it is currently required to carry out safety risk assessment work on long and complex tunnels.

[0003] Currently, the "Work Guide for Curbing Major Accidents Through Comprehensive Treatment" requires that safety risks be divided into four levels: "red, orange, yellow, and blue", among which red is the highest level of safety risk; for risk events in tunnel engineering, the characteristics and requirements corresponding to the four color levels are generally as follows:

[0004] (1) Red: Represents major risks, with many risk factors and great difficulty in control; effective countermeasures must be taken to reduce the risk level to orange or below; if the cost of the countermeasures exceeds the affordability of the project legal person (owner), the plan should be replaced or the project execution should be abandoned.

[0005] (2) Orange: Represents relatively large risks, with relatively many risk factors and great difficulty in control; countermeasures to reduce risks must be implemented, and an emergency plan needs to be prepared.

[0006] (3) Yellow: Represents general risks, with risks within the controllable range; it is necessary for the project to further implement preventive measures to improve safety.

[0007] (4) Blue: Represents low risks, with risks within the controllable range; the current countermeasures are effective, and no additional technical or management preventive measures need to be taken.

[0008] In the process of tunnel engineering safety risk assessment, the response requirements and preventive measures for risks at the red, orange, and blue levels are already clear, but those for yellow-level risks are relatively vague. It is not clear whether to take countermeasures, or if so, it is also difficult to grasp the specific measures to be taken to what extent. The current safety risk assessment work carried out for tunnel engineering on the risk response requirements and preventive measures for yellow risks has an indefinite boundary of "permissible or not, left or right" for technical personnel and management decision-makers, and its assessment conclusions are difficult to guide project implementation.

[0009] After inquiry, there is currently no relevant research literature and materials on the refinement of the yellow risk level and the risk prevention and control measures after refinement. Therefore, how to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology and establish a method that can not only avoid safety risk problems caused by insufficient risk prevention and control measures but also avoid unnecessary waste of engineering investment caused by excessive and over-strength risk prevention and control measures is an urgent problem to be solved in the current field of tunnel and underground engineering technology. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a method and system for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A system for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering includes:

[0013] A data acquisition module, which is used to acquire relevant information of a certain tunnel evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method, as well as the established risk prevention and control plan measures for design and construction; the relevant information includes the basic information of the tunnel and the yellow risk event information.

[0014] A human-computer interaction module, in which a sample form is pre-stored, and is used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced.

[0015] A data processing module, which is connected to the human-computer interaction module, and is used to conduct an investigation and statistics on the possibility of the occurrence of yellow risk events, and establish a questionnaire on the possibility of the occurrence of yellow risk events in the tunnel.

[0016] A data analysis module, which is connected to the data processing module, and is used to establish a risk level sub-matrix of the yellow risk events in the tunnel based on the questionnaire on the possibility of the occurrence of yellow risk events established by the data processing module, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub-levels.

[0017] A risk prevention and control measure generation module, which is respectively connected to the data acquisition module and the data analysis module, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk in combination with the established risk prevention and control plan measures for design and construction.

[0018] A risk prevention and control measure release module, which is respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measure generation module, and is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release the corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data acquisition module, the risk level sub-matrix of the yellow risk events in the tunnel established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the risk prevention and control measure generation module.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (1) is:

[0020] The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; the yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the quantity of each yellow risk event.

[0021] Further, preferably, the risk level sub - matrix is specifically as follows:

[0022] For the yellow risk events of the tunnel, a matrix table is established with the occurrence possibility times K as the rows and the number of risk sources F as the columns, and the yellow risk is refined into three sub - levels: Y1 level, Y2 level, and Y3 level, specifically as follows;

[0023] 。

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering, including the following steps:

[0025] Step (1), collect the relevant information of a certain tunnel evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes the basic information of the tunnel and the yellow risk event information;

[0026] Step (2), establish a questionnaire on the occurrence possibility of yellow risk events in the tunnel, and use the expert investigation method to conduct investigation and statistics on the occurrence possibility of yellow risk events;

[0027] Step (3), based on the occurrence possibility of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, establish a risk level sub - matrix of yellow risk events in the tunnel, and refine the yellow risk into three sub - levels;

[0028] Step (4), combined with the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction, determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk;

[0029] Step (5), conduct risk level sub - classification on the yellow risk events in the tunnel according to the risk level sub - matrix established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk in the tunnel according to the sub - level risk prevention and control measure formulation method in step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0030] Further, preferably, the specific method of step (1) is:

[0031] The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; the yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the quantity of each yellow risk event.

[0032] Further, preferably, the specific method of step (2) is:

[0033] The experts selected by using the expert investigation method are the same as those selected for the tunnel evaluation according to the existing safety risk assessment method in step (1);

[0034] The investigation form for the possibility of tunnel yellow risk events is established based on a sample form, which is used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0035] Count the number of times the possibility of each yellow risk event occurs in tunnel yellow risk events;

[0036] The number of times the possibility of each yellow risk event occurs is statistically calculated based on the number of times each expert has experienced it, and the average value is calculated;

[0037] If the average value is an integer, the number of times the possibility of the corresponding yellow risk event occurs is this average value;

[0038] If the average value is a decimal, the number of times the possibility of the corresponding yellow risk event occurs is the ceiling value of this average value.

[0039] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (3) is as follows:

[0040] For tunnel yellow risk events, a matrix table is established with the number of times the possibility of occurrence K as the row and the number of risk sources F as the column, and the yellow risks are refined into 3 sub-levels: Y1 level, Y2 level, and Y3 level, as shown in Table 1 specifically;

[0041] Table 1

[0042] 。

[0043] Furthermore, preferably, different colors are used to distinguish each yellow risk sub-level;

[0044] The risk of Y1 level is light blue, and its RGB is 0, 191, 255;

[0045] The risk of Y2 level is light yellow, and its RGB is 255, 255, 127;

[0046] The risk of Y3 level is light orange, and its RGB is 255, 191, 0.

[0047] Furthermore, preferably, the specific method of step (4) is as follows:

[0048] The risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are based on the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction, and are specifically formulated for risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, water isolation measures for drainage ditches, advanced support in the tunnel, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water blocking measures, water exploration hole measures in fractured zones, and construction temporary support measures;

[0049] The method for quantifying risk prevention and control measures is as follows: for surface grouting reinforcement measures, it is listed by the number of steel pipes; for slope protection measures, it is listed by the number of mortar bolts; for water isolation measures in the water channel, it is listed by the surface water isolation area; for advanced support measures in the tunnel, it is listed by the number of self-advancing bolts; for primary support measures, it is listed by the number of steel frames; for secondary lining measures, it is listed by the secondary lining thickness; for grouting water plugging measures, it is listed by the length of the longitudinal grouting water plugging section of the tunnel; for water exploration holes in the fractured zone, it is listed by the depth of the advanced water exploration holes; for temporary construction support measures, it is listed by the number of temporary supports;

[0050] During the tunnel construction process, safety management personnel carry out daily work safety management, and risk prevention and control measures are strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel;

[0051] For Y1-level risks: The risk prevention and control plan measures already determined by the design and construction for the risk sources can be used as risk prevention and control measures, and there is no need to add other measures and work content;

[0052] For Y2-level risks: Based on the risk prevention and control plan measures already determined by the design and construction for the risk sources, increase by 10% as risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; the design re-verifies the survey and design data and confirms that there are no errors and omissions; during the construction process, for a single Y2-level risk event, one more safety management personnel needs to be added, and daily work safety management work should be carried out strictly;

[0053] For Y3-level risks: Based on the risk prevention and control plan measures already determined by the design and construction for the risk sources, increase by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; and supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; use the strengthened temporary support measures as a supplement to the risk response strategy and reflect them in the design documents; during the construction process, for a single Y3-level risk event, two more safety management personnel need to be added, and daily work safety management work should be carried out strictly.

[0054] In step (4) of the present invention, if the calculated 10% and 20% are not integers, just round up.

[0055] In the present invention, for certain tunnel-related materials evaluated by the existing safety risk assessment method, where the existing safety risk assessment method is the expert investigation method.

[0056] In the present invention, the risk prevention and control plan measures already determined by the design and construction are existing contents, and the present invention does not make any restrictions or elaborations on them.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0058] In the prior art, the requirements for responding to yellow risk events and preventive measures in the safety risk assessment method for tunnel engineering are relatively vague. It is not clear whether to take response measures and what specific measures to take to what extent. For technical personnel and management decision-makers, there is an indefinite boundary of "permissible or not, left or right" in the prevention and control of yellow risks, and its evaluation conclusion is difficult to guide the implementation of the project. The present invention provides a method for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering, which preferably solves the above problems. It establishes a sub-level matrix of the risk level for tunnel yellow risk events, refines the yellow risk into 3 sub-levels; combines the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction to determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk; conducts sub-level classification of the risk level for tunnel yellow risk events, refines the risk prevention and control measures for tunnel yellow risks according to sub-levels, and applies them to the implementation of tunnel engineering. The method of the present invention can not only avoid safety risk problems caused by insufficient risk prevention and control measures, but also avoid unnecessary waste of project investment caused by excessive and overly strong risk prevention and control measures. It can more clearly guide tunnel design and construction, ensure the safety of tunnel construction, and can save more than 30% of the project investment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0060] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 It is a sample form for investigating the possibility of occurrence of tunnel yellow risk events.

[0062] In the figure: 1. Column for collecting and filling in the names of yellow risk events; 2. Column for filling in the number of times experienced by the corresponding experts for each yellow risk event; 3. Expert signature area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0063] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. For those not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications are followed. Those materials or equipment not specified in the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be obtained by purchase. Embodiment 1

[0065] A yellow risk level refinement system suitable for tunnel engineering, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0066] The data collection module is used to collect relevant information of a tunnel that has been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method, as well as the risk prevention plan measures established in the design and construction; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information;

[0067] A human-computer interaction module, which has a sample table pre-stored therein, for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0068] The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels;

[0069] The data analysis module is connected to the data processing module and is used to establish a tunnel yellow risk event occurrence possibility questionnaire established by the data processing module, establish a risk level sub-level matrix for tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into three sub-levels;

[0070] The prevention and control measures generation module is connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module respectively, and is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk in combination with the established risk prevention plan measures of design and construction;

[0071] The prevention and control measures release module is connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measures generation module respectively. It is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the information collected by the data collection module, the risk level sub-level matrix of the tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measures generation module. Example 2

[0072] A yellow risk level refinement system suitable for tunnel engineering, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0073] The data collection module is used to collect relevant information of a tunnel that has been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method, as well as the risk prevention plan measures established in the design and construction; the relevant information includes basic information of the tunnel and yellow risk event information;

[0074] A human-computer interaction module, which has a sample table pre-stored therein, for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0075] The data processing module is connected to the human-computer interaction module and is used to investigate and count the possibility of yellow risk events and establish a survey form for the possibility of yellow risk events in tunnels;

[0076] The data analysis module, connected to the data processing module, is used to establish a questionnaire on the likelihood of tunnel yellow risk events established by the data processing module, establish a sub - matrix of the risk levels of tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels;

[0077] The prevention and control measure generation module, connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module respectively, is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level of risk by combining the established risk prevention plan measures in design and construction;

[0078] The prevention and control measure release module, connected to the data collection module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measure generation module respectively, is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release the corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the data collected by the data collection module, the sub - matrix of the risk levels of tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level of risk generated by the prevention and control measure generation module.

[0079] The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; the yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the number of risk sources of each yellow risk event.

[0080] The sub - matrix of the risk levels is specifically as follows:

[0081] For tunnel yellow risk events, a matrix table is established with the number of occurrence possibilities K as the row and the number of risk sources F as the column, and the yellow risk is refined into 3 sub - levels: Y1 level, Y2 level, and Y3 level, as shown in Table 1 specifically. Example 3

[0082] A method for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering includes the following steps:

[0083] Step (1), collect relevant information of a certain tunnel that has been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes the basic information of the tunnel and the yellow risk event information;

[0084] Step (2), establish a questionnaire on the likelihood of tunnel yellow risk events, and use the expert investigation method to conduct investigation and statistics on the likelihood of the occurrence of yellow risk events;

[0085] Step (3), based on the likelihood of the occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, establish a sub - matrix of the risk levels of tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels;

[0086] Step (4), combine the established risk prevention plan measures in design and construction to determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level of risk;

[0087] Step (5): Classify the yellow risk events of the tunnel according to the sub - level matrix of the risk level established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel according to the sub - level risk prevention and control measure formulation method in step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project. Embodiment 4

[0088] A method for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering includes the following steps:

[0089] Step (1): Collect relevant information of a certain tunnel that has been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method; the relevant information includes the basic information of the tunnel and the information of yellow risk events.

[0090] Step (2): Establish a questionnaire for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in the tunnel, and use the expert investigation method to conduct investigation and statistics on the possibility of yellow risk events occurring.

[0091] Step (3): Based on the possibility of yellow risk events occurring and the number of risk sources, establish a sub - level matrix of the risk level of yellow risk events in the tunnel, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels.

[0092] Step (4): Combine the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction to determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk.

[0093] Step (5): Classify the yellow risk events of the tunnel according to the sub - level matrix of the risk level established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risk of the tunnel according to the sub - level risk prevention and control measure formulation method in step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0094] The specific method of step (1) is:

[0095] The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; the information of yellow risk events includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the number of risk sources of each yellow risk event.

[0096] The specific method of step (2) is:

[0097] The experts selected by using the expert investigation method are the same as those selected for the tunnel evaluation according to the existing safety risk assessment method in step (1);

[0098] The questionnaire for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in the tunnel is established based on a sample form, and the sample form is used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced;

[0099] Count the number of times each yellow risk event occurs in the yellow risk events of the tunnel;

[0100] The occurrence frequency of each yellow risk event is statistically calculated based on the number of times experienced by each expert, and the average value is calculated;

[0101] If the average value is an integer, the occurrence frequency of the corresponding yellow risk event is this average value;

[0102] If the average value is a decimal, the occurrence frequency of the corresponding yellow risk event is the ceiling value of this average value.

[0103] The specific method of step (3) is as follows:

[0104] For tunnel yellow risk events, a matrix table is established with the occurrence frequency K as the row and the number of risk sources F as the column, and the yellow risks are refined into three sub - levels: Y1 - level, Y2 - level, and Y3 - level, as shown in Table 1 specifically.

[0105] Each yellow risk sub - level is distinguished by different colors;

[0106] The Y1 - level risk is light blue, and its RGB is 0, 191, 255;

[0107] The Y2 - level risk is light yellow, and its RGB is 255, 255, 127;

[0108] The Y3 - level risk is light orange, and its RGB is 255, 191, 0.

[0109] The specific method of step (4) is as follows:

[0110] The risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk are based on the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction, and are specifically formulated for risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, water - proof measures for drainage ditches, advanced support in the tunnel, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water - blocking measures, water exploration hole measures in the broken zone, and temporary construction support measures;

[0111] The quantification method of risk prevention and control measures is: the surface grouting reinforcement measure is listed by the number of steel pipes, the slope protection measure is listed by the number of mortar bolts, the water - proof measure for drainage ditches is listed by the surface water - proof area, the advanced support measure in the tunnel is listed by the number of self - advancing bolts, the primary support measure is listed by the number of steel frames, the secondary lining measure is listed by the secondary lining thickness, the grouting water - blocking measure is listed by the longitudinal grouting water - blocking section length of the tunnel, the water exploration hole measure in the broken zone is listed by the depth of the advanced water exploration hole, and the temporary construction support measure is listed by the number of temporary supports;

[0112] During the tunnel construction process, daily safety production management is carried out by safety management personnel, and risk prevention and control measures are strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel;

[0113] For Y1 - level risks: Just taking the established risk prevention and control plan measures for risk sources in design and construction as risk prevention and control measures is sufficient, without the need to add other measures and work content;

[0114] For Y2-level risks: Based on the established risk prevention plan measures for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen by 10% as risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; the design shall re-check the survey and design materials and confirm that there are no errors or omissions; during the construction process, for a single Y2-level risk event, one additional safety management personnel shall be added, and daily work of safe production management shall be carried out strictly.

[0115] For Y3-level risks: Based on the established risk prevention plan measures for risk sources in design and construction, strengthen by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; and supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; the strengthened temporary support measures shall be supplemented as risk response strategies and reflected in the design documents; during the construction process, for a single Y3-level risk event, two additional safety management personnel shall be added, and daily work of safe production management shall be carried out strictly.

[0116] Application Example

[0117] For a certain example of a highway tunnel, according to relevant requirements, the safety risk assessment work was carried out and completed according to the existing safety risk assessment method. Among them, some risk events are yellow risks. The requirement for yellow risks that "it is necessary for the project to further implement preventive measures to improve safety" is difficult to guide the project implementation. In order to clarify the risk prevention and control measures, guide the tunnel design and construction, ensure the safety of tunnel construction, and save project investment, the method of the present invention is proposed to refine the yellow risk level of the tunnel in this example, and the specific steps are carried out as follows.

[0118] (1) Collect relevant materials for the tunnel evaluated by the existing safety risk assessment method.

[0119] The tunnel is 3260m long, with poor surrounding rock geological conditions and crosses a fault twice; according to the evaluation conclusion of the existing safety risk assessment method, the risk levels of the three risk events of portal instability, collapse, and mud and water inrush are all yellow risks. The risk sources corresponding to the three risk events are sorted out in Table 2 below.

[0120] Table 2

[0121]

[0122] (2) Investigation and statistics on the possibility of yellow risk events occurring.

[0123] The experts selected by the expert investigation method are the 11 experts selected during the previous evaluation according to the existing safety risk assessment method;

[0124] The questionnaire for the possibility of yellow risk events occurring in the tunnel is established based on the sample form and is used to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced by the experts. The sample form is shown in Table 3 below;

[0125] Table 3

[0126]

[0127] Send the questionnaire to each expert and collect it after they have completed filling it out;

[0128] Then count the number of times each expert has experienced, calculate the average value. The average number of times of tunnel face instability is 4.6 times, the average number of times of collapse is 7.3 times, and the average number of times of mud and water inrush is 2 times;

[0129] The number of times of occurrence probability of each yellow risk event is obtained by sorting the average value of the number of times each expert has experienced according to the following method:

[0130] If the average value is an integer, the number of times of occurrence probability of the corresponding yellow risk event is the average value;

[0131] If the average value is a decimal, the number of times of occurrence probability of the corresponding yellow risk event is the ceiling value of the average value.

[0132] The results of the number of times of occurrence probability of each risk event are shown in Table 4 below.

[0133] Table 4

[0134]

[0135] (3)Based on the occurrence probability of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, establish a risk level sub - matrix for tunnel yellow risk events, refine the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels, and distinguish each sub - level with different colors.

[0136] For tunnel yellow risk events, taking the number of times of occurrence probability K as rows and the number of risk sources F as columns, establish a matrix table to refine the yellow risk into 3 sub - levels: Y1 level, Y2 level, and Y3 level, as shown in Table 1 specifically;

[0137] Distinguish different risk sub - levels with different colors, specifically:

[0138] Risk level Y1 is light blue, and its RGB is 0, 191, 255;

[0139] Risk level Y2 is light yellow, and its RGB is 255, 255, 127;

[0140] Risk level Y3 is light orange, and its RGB is 255, 191, 0.

[0141] (4)Combine the established risk prevention plan measures in design and construction to determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk.

[0142] The risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk are formulated specifically for the risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, water - isolation measures for the water channels, advanced support in the tunnel, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water - blocking measures, water - exploration holes in the fractured zone, and temporary construction support measures;

[0143] For Y1 - level risks: The risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources can be used as the risk prevention and control measures, without the need to add other measures and work contents;

[0144] For Y2 - level risks: Based on the risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources, strengthen them by 10% as the risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; The design shall re - verify the exploration and design data and confirm that there are no errors and omissions; During the construction process, for a single Y2 - level risk event, one more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily work on safety production management shall be carried out strictly;

[0145] For Y3 - level risks: Based on the risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources, strengthen them by 20% as the risk prevention and control measures; and supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; The design shall supplement risk response strategies and reflect them in the design documents; During the construction process, for a single Y3 - level risk event, two more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily work on safety production management shall be carried out strictly.

[0146] (5) Conduct sub - level classification of the yellow - risk events in the tunnel according to the sub - level matrix of risk levels established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risks in the tunnel according to the method of formulating sub - level risk prevention and control measures in step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project.

[0147] Substitute the values of the number of risk sources F and the occurrence probability K of each yellow risk in the tunnel into step (3) to conduct sub - level classification of the yellow - risk events in the tunnel:

[0148] Instability at the tunnel entrance: Since F = 2 and K = 5, the risk sub - level is Y2 - level;

[0149] Collapse: Since F = 4 and K = 8, the risk sub - level is Y3 - level;

[0150] Sudden mud and water inrush: Since F = 3 and K = 2, the risk sub - level is Y2 - level.

[0151] Refine the risk prevention and control measures for the yellow risks in the tunnel according to step (4) by sub - level:

[0152] Instability of the tunnel entrance and mud and water gushing: Both are risks of level Y2, and the risk prevention and control measures are shown in Table 5 below; verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures, and the design shall re-check the survey and design materials to confirm there are no errors or omissions; during the construction process, for the risk events of tunnel entrance instability and mud and water gushing, one additional safety management personnel shall be added respectively, and daily work of work safety management shall be carried out strictly.

[0153] Table 5

[0154]

[0155] Collapse: It is a risk of level Y3, and the risk prevention and control measures are shown in Table 6 below; supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures, and the design shall supplement the risk response strategies and reflect them in the design documents; during the construction process, for the risk event of collapse, two additional safety management personnel shall be added, and daily work of work safety management shall be carried out strictly.

[0156] Table 6

[0157]

[0158] List the risk prevention and control measures as the verification content for design review and construction organization approval, and apply them to the whole process of tunnel project implementation.

[0159] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel engineering, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module, which is used to acquire certain tunnel-related materials evaluated by the existing safety risk assessment method, as well as the established anti-risk pre-plan measures for design and construction; the said related materials include tunnel basic information and yellow risk event information; A human-computer interaction module, in which sample forms are pre-stored, and are used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has occurred; A data processing module, connected to the human-computer interaction module, which is used to conduct a survey and statistics on the possibility of the occurrence risk of yellow risk events, and establish a questionnaire on the possibility of the occurrence of tunnel yellow risk events; A data analysis module, connected to the data processing module, which is used for the questionnaire on the possibility of the occurrence of tunnel yellow risk events established by the data processing module, to establish a risk level sub-matrix of tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub-levels; A prevention and control measure generation module, respectively connected to the data acquisition module and the data analysis module, which is used to generate risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk by combining the established anti-risk pre-plan measures for design and construction; A prevention and control measure release module, respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the data analysis module, and the prevention and control measure generation module, which is used to refine the yellow risk of the tunnel and release the corresponding risk prevention and control measures based on the materials collected by the data acquisition module, the risk level sub-matrix of tunnel yellow risk events established by the data analysis module, and the risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk generated by the prevention and control measure generation module; Among them, the risk level sub-matrix is specifically: For tunnel yellow risk events, a matrix table is established with the number of occurrence possibilities K as the row and the number of risk sources F as the column, and the yellow risk is refined into 3 sub-levels, namely Y1 level, Y2 level, and Y3 level, specifically as follows: If the number of occurrence possibilities K = 0 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is the Y1 level; If the number of occurrence possibilities K = 0 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤ 6, it is the Y2 level; If the number of occurrence possibilities K = 0 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is the Y2 level; If 1 ≤ the number of occurrence possibilities K ≤ 3 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is the Y2 level; If 1 ≤ the number of occurrence possibilities K ≤ 3 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤, it is the Y2 level; If 1 ≤ the number of occurrence possibilities K ≤ 3 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is the Y3 level; If the number of occurrence possibilities K > 3 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is the Y2 level; If the number of occurrence possibilities K > 3 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤ 6, it is the Y3 level; If the number of occurrence possibilities K > 3 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is the Y3 level; The risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk are based on the established anti-risk pre-plan measures for design and construction, and are specifically formulated for risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, water isolation measures for water channels, advanced support in the tunnel, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water plugging measures, water exploration hole measures in the fractured zone, and construction temporary support measures; The method for quantifying risk prevention and control measures is as follows: for surface grouting reinforcement measures, it is listed by the number of steel pipes; for slope protection measures, it is listed by the number of mortar bolts; for water isolation measures in the drainage ditch, it is listed by the surface water isolation area; for advanced support measures in the tunnel, it is listed by the number of self-advancing bolts; for primary support measures, it is listed by the number of steel frames; for secondary lining measures, it is listed by the thickness of the secondary lining; for grouting water plugging measures, it is listed by the length of the longitudinal grouting water plugging section of the tunnel; for water exploration holes in the broken zone, it is listed by the depth of the advanced water exploration holes; for temporary construction support measures, it is listed by the number of temporary supports; During the tunnel construction process, daily safety production management is carried out by safety management personnel, and risk prevention and control measures are strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel; For Y1-level risks: The risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources can be used as risk prevention and control measures, and there is no need to add other measures and work content; For Y2-level risks: On the basis of the risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources, increase by 10% as risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; The design shall re-check the survey and design data again and confirm that there are no errors and omissions; During the construction process, for a single Y2-level risk event, one more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily safety production management work shall be carried out strictly; For Y3-level risks: On the basis of the risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction for the risk sources, increase by 20% as risk prevention and control measures; and supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; The strengthened temporary support measures shall be used as a risk response strategy supplement and reflected in the design documents; During the construction process, for a single Y3-level risk event, two more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily safety production management work shall be carried out strictly.

2. The yellow risk level refinement system applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 1, wherein, The specific method of step (1) is: The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; the yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the quantity of each risk source of each yellow risk event.

3. A method for refining the yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step (1), collect the relevant materials of a certain tunnel that have been evaluated according to the existing safety risk assessment method; the said relevant materials include the tunnel basic information and the yellow risk event information; Step (2), establish a questionnaire on the possibility of the occurrence of tunnel yellow risk events, and use the expert investigation method to conduct investigation and statistics on the possibility of the occurrence of yellow risk events; Step (3), based on the possibility of the occurrence of yellow risk events and the number of risk sources, establish a risk level sub-matrix of tunnel yellow risk events, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub-levels; Step (4), in combination with the risk prevention and control measures already established in the design and construction, determine the method for formulating risk prevention and control measures for each sub-level risk; Step (5), conduct risk level sub-level division on the tunnel yellow risk events according to the risk level sub-matrix established in step (3), refine the risk prevention and control measures for the tunnel yellow risk according to the sub-level risk prevention and control measure formulation method in step (4), and apply them to the implementation of the tunnel project; The specific method of step (3) is: For the tunnel yellow risk events, establish a matrix table with the number of occurrence possibilities K as the row and the number of risk sources F as the column, and refine the yellow risk into 3 sub-levels, namely Y1-level, Y2-level, and Y3-level, specifically as follows: If the occurrence probability times K = 0 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is at level Y1; If the occurrence probability times K = 0 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤ 6, it is at level Y2; If the occurrence probability times K = 0 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is at level Y2; If 1 ≤ the occurrence probability times K ≤ 3 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is at level Y2; If 1 ≤ the occurrence probability times K ≤ 3 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤, it is at level Y2; If 1 ≤ the occurrence probability times K ≤ 3 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is at level Y3; If the occurrence probability times K > 3 and the number of risk sources F < 3, it is at level Y2; If the occurrence probability times K > 3 and 3 ≤ the number of risk sources F ≤ 6, it is at level Y3; If the occurrence probability times K > 3 and the number of risk sources F > 6, it is at level Y3; The specific method of step (4) is: The risk prevention and control measures for each sub - level risk are based on the established risk prevention and control plan measures in design and construction, and are specifically formulated for risk sources, including: surface grouting reinforcement, slope protection, water - isolation measures for water channels, advanced support in the tunnel, primary support and secondary lining support, grouting water - plugging measures, water - exploration hole measures in fractured zones, and temporary construction support measures; The quantification method of risk prevention and control measures is: the surface grouting reinforcement measures are listed by the number of steel pipes, the slope protection measures are listed by the number of mortar bolts, the water - isolation measures for water channels are listed by the surface water - isolation area, the advanced support measures in the tunnel are listed by the number of self - advancing bolts, the primary support measures are listed by the number of steel frames, the secondary lining measures are listed by the secondary lining thickness, the grouting water - plugging measures are listed by the longitudinal grouting water - plugging section length of the tunnel, the water - exploration hole measures in fractured zones are listed by the depth of advanced water - exploration holes, and the temporary construction support measures are listed by the number of temporary supports; During the tunnel construction process, daily safety production management is carried out by safety management personnel, and risk prevention and control measures are strengthened by increasing the number of safety management personnel; For level Y1 risks: Just take the established risk prevention and control plan measures for risk sources in design and construction as risk prevention and control measures, and there is no need to add other measures and work content; For level Y2 risks: Strengthen by 10% on the basis of the established risk prevention and control plan measures for risk sources in design and construction as risk prevention and control measures; and verify and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; The design shall re - verify the survey and design data and confirm that there are no errors and omissions; During the construction process, for a single level Y2 risk event, 1 more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily safety production management work shall be carried out strictly; For level Y3 risks: Strengthen by 20% on the basis of the established risk prevention and control plan measures for risk sources in design and construction as risk prevention and control measures; and supplement and strengthen the risk prevention and control measures; Take the strengthened temporary support measures as a supplementary risk response strategy and reflect them in the design documents; During the construction process, for a single level Y3 risk event, 2 more safety management personnel shall be added, and daily safety production management work shall be carried out strictly.

4. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that The specific method of step (1) is: The basic information includes the tunnel length and the surrounding rock geological conditions; The yellow risk event information includes the number of yellow risk events and the risk sources and the quantity of risk sources for each yellow risk event.

5. The yellow risk level refinement method applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 3, wherein The specific method of step (2) is: The experts selected by the expert investigation method are the same as those selected by the existing safety risk assessment method for the tunnel in step (1); The tunnel yellow risk event occurrence possibility questionnaire is established based on a sample form, and the sample form is used for each expert to fill in the number of times each yellow risk event has been experienced; Count the occurrence possibility times of each yellow risk event in the tunnel yellow risk events; The occurrence possibility times of each yellow risk event are statistically calculated based on the number of times each expert has experienced, and the average value is calculated; If the average value is an integer, the occurrence possibility times of the corresponding yellow risk event is the average value; If the average value is a decimal, the occurrence possibility times of the corresponding yellow risk event is the ceiling value of the average value.

6. The refined method for yellow risk level applicable to tunnel engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, Distinguish each yellow risk sub-level with different colors; The risk level of Y1 is light blue, and its RGB is 0, 191, 255; The risk level of Y2 is light yellow, and its RGB is 255, 255, 127; The risk level of Y3 is light orange, and its RGB is 255, 191, 0.

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