Urban carbon emission accounting method and system based on energy flow analysis

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban carbon emission accounting method and system based on energy flow analysis, and relates to the technical field of carbon emission management, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the regional division of a carbon emission accounting city, obtaining each carbon emission accounting region, and monitoring the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region; according to various energy characteristic data processing, obtaining an energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area; monitoring and processing the state data of the carbon emission accounting equipment to obtain abnormal indexes of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; obtaining a carbon emission coefficient adjacent updating time interval of each carbon emission accounting area, carrying out comprehensive analysis to obtain a carbon emission coefficient updating demand evaluation index, and carrying out carbon emission coefficient updating judgment according to the carbon emission coefficient updating demand evaluation index; and performing carbon emission accounting on each carbon emission accounting area according to the various energy consumption of each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficient of each carbon emission accounting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon emission technology, and in particular to a method and system for calculating urban carbon emissions based on energy flow analysis. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of urban scale and the continuous growth of energy consumption, the problem of carbon emissions has become increasingly serious, posing a huge challenge to the ecological environment and sustainable development of cities. This situation has prompted urban managers to urgently need accurate and efficient carbon emission accounting methods to deal with it.

[0003] The existing urban carbon emission accounting methods are implemented through steps such as energy data collection and integration, energy load pattern identification, carbon emission accounting execution, and carbon emission control optimization.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN115293413A discloses a method for determining the carbon emission reduction path of highways based on the K-Means clustering algorithm, which includes the following steps: S1: Determine the carbon emissions at each level in the highway construction project, and determine the input cost of each level based on the carbon emissions at each level; S2: Determine cluster samples at different levels and allocate cluster samples; S3: Determine the carbon emission path based on the cluster sample allocation results, carbon emissions at each level and input costs.

[0005] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN115375159B announces a real-time accounting method and system for the total carbon emissions of a city, including the following steps: Step 1, classify all energy-consuming enterprises in the city to obtain multiple energy-consuming enterprise categories; Step 2, obtain the basic information, energy types and energy consumption corresponding to each energy-consuming enterprise in each energy-consuming enterprise category; Step 3, calculate the total carbon emissions of each energy-consuming enterprise category within a period T; Step 4, calculate the total carbon emissions of the city within a period T.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the present application discovered that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems: the existing carbon emission accounting methods often rely on limited data sources and data collection methods that may have errors, but in actual operation and application, due to technical limitations or improper operation, they may face problems of insufficient data reliability and delayed response, resulting in misreporting or omission of carbon emission data. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for calculating urban carbon emissions based on energy flow analysis, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a city carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis, including: dividing the carbon emission accounting city into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and monitoring the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region, wherein the energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts.

[0009] Based on the processing of various energy characteristic data, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained.

[0010] The status data of carbon emission accounting equipment is monitored and processed to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0011] Obtain the carbon emission coefficient update time interval for each carbon emission accounting area, and obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index based on a comprehensive analysis of the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient update time interval and the carbon emission data. Make a judgment on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index.

[0012] Carbon emission accounting is carried out for each carbon emission accounting area based on the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0013] As a further method, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained according to the processing of various energy characteristic data, and the specific analysis process is: various energy characteristic data include coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation; reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation proportion, allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content and allowable deviation clean energy power generation proportion are extracted from the carbon emission database; energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained according to the analysis of various energy characteristic data, and the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively evaluate the change amplitude of energy characteristics in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0014] As a further method, the carbon emission accounting equipment status data is monitored and processed to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is: the carbon emission accounting equipment status data includes the equipment's cumulative operating time, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the equipment's adjacent maintenance time interval; the critical equipment's cumulative operating time, the number of critical equipment failures, the critical equipment maintenance frequency and the critical equipment's adjacent maintenance time interval are extracted from the carbon emission database; the carbon emission accounting equipment status data is analyzed to obtain the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormal indicators in each carbon emission accounting area, and the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormal indicators in each carbon emission accounting area are used to quantitatively evaluate the operating abnormalities of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; feedback and early warning are provided based on the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0015] As a further method, feedback and early warning are performed based on the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is: comparing the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area with the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database; if the abnormal indicator of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, then it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area is abnormal, and feedback and early warning are performed; if the abnormal indicator of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is less than the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, then it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area can be used normally.

[0016] As a further method, the comprehensive analysis obtains a carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index, and the specific analysis process is: the carbon emission data includes the carbon dioxide emissions at each monitoring time point; the critical carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval, reference carbon dioxide emissions and allowable deviation carbon dioxide emissions are extracted from the carbon emission database; the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained, and the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained through a comprehensive analysis based on the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon emission data. The carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively assess the degree of demand for carbon emission coefficient update in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0017] As a further method, the carbon emission coefficient update judgment is made according to the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index. The specific analysis process is: comparing the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area with the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database; if the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, the carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area is updated; if the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is less than the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, no additional operation is performed.

[0018] As a further method, the carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area is updated, and the specific analysis process is: subtracting the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area from the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value; judging whether the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy needs to be updated based on the characteristic data of each type of energy, and updating the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy based on the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy.

[0019] As a further method, carbon emission accounting is performed on each carbon emission accounting area based on the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients of each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is: multiplying the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area with the corresponding updated carbon emission coefficients of each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the carbon emissions of various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area; adding the carbon emissions of various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the total carbon emissions of each area.

[0020] The second aspect of the present invention provides a city carbon emission accounting system based on energy flow analysis, including: a regional division and data monitoring module, which is used to divide the carbon emission accounting city into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and monitor the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region, wherein the energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts.

[0021] The energy characteristic index module is used to obtain the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area based on various energy characteristic data processing.

[0022] The equipment status indicator module is used to monitor the status data of carbon emission accounting equipment and process it to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0023] The coefficient update judgment module is used to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area, and obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index through comprehensive analysis based on the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment, the carbon emission coefficient update time interval and carbon emission data, and make a carbon emission coefficient update judgment based on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index.

[0024] The carbon emission accounting module is used to perform carbon emission accounting for each carbon emission accounting area based on various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients of each carbon emission accounting area.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention provides a method and system for calculating urban carbon emissions based on energy flow analysis. According to real-time monitored energy data and real-time updated carbon emission coefficients, the carbon emission values ​​of each region are precisely calculated, thereby achieving high-precision and high-time efficiency in carbon emission quantification, helping to accurately locate the source of high carbon emissions, providing a basis for the targeted formulation of emission reduction measures, and improving the quality of the urban ecological environment.

[0027] (2) The present invention introduces energy characteristic change degree indicators and carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality indicators to carry out refined management and early warning of carbon emission accounting areas. When energy characteristics change significantly or carbon emission accounting equipment becomes abnormal, the system can issue an early warning in a timely manner to remind relevant departments to take corresponding measures to prevent excessive increase in carbon emissions and ensure the effectiveness and timeliness of carbon emission management.

[0028] (3) The present invention realizes comprehensive, systematic and dynamic monitoring of carbon emissions by constructing a comprehensive carbon emission accounting system, including the collection and processing of energy characteristic data, the monitoring and analysis of the status of carbon emission accounting equipment, and the updating and evaluation of carbon emission coefficients. The comprehensive carbon emission accounting system not only improves the accuracy and reliability of carbon emission data, but also provides strong data support for the management and reduction of carbon emissions.

[0029] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of system module connection of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a city carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis, including: dividing the carbon emission accounting city into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and monitoring the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region, wherein the energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts.

[0035] In this embodiment, based on the functional zoning of the city, commercial areas gather office buildings and shopping malls, and energy consumption is mostly electricity for lighting, air conditioning and natural gas for catering, and carbon emissions have obvious period fluctuations; industrial areas are full of factories, and the energy consumption and carbon emission characteristics of different industries vary greatly, with coal and oil consumption being prominent; residential areas are densely populated, electricity is used to ensure life, and some areas use gas for heating, and carbon emissions are dispersed and stable and related to daily life; cultural and educational areas cover schools and scientific research units, and energy consumption is concentrated in teaching, scientific research and laboratory equipment, and carbon emissions change with the laws of teaching and scientific research. According to the layout of transportation hubs, it is expanded outward with airports, stations, ports, etc. as the center. There are frequent transportation vehicles here, and the fuel consumption is amazing. There are many exhaust emissions, and there are also supporting facilities that consume energy, which are intertwined with the urban transportation network to form special carbon emission areas. Combined with topography and climate zoning, mountainous and plain landforms affect energy infrastructure and transportation. For example, hydropower in mountainous cities has advantages but transmission is difficult, and carbon emissions are high in high-latitude cold areas during the heating season. According to the climate, temperature zones and wind zones can accurately find emission reduction priorities.

[0036] Based on the processing of various energy characteristic data, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained.

[0037] Specifically, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained according to the processing of various energy characteristic data, and the specific analysis process is as follows: various energy characteristic data include coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation; reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation proportion, allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content and allowable deviation clean energy power generation proportion are extracted from the carbon emission database; energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained according to the analysis of various energy characteristic data, and the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively evaluate the change amplitude of energy characteristics in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0038] It should be understood that in this embodiment, coal is a complex mixture of multiple elements, wherein the carbon content refers to the percentage of the mass of carbon elements in coal to the total mass of coal, and the carbon content of coal is an important indicator for measuring the quality and combustion performance of coal. The main component of natural gas is methane, and the methane content of natural gas refers to the percentage of the volume of methane in natural gas to the total volume of natural gas. The proportion of clean energy power generation refers to the ratio of the power generation of clean energy (such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, bioenergy, etc.) to the total power generation in a certain carbon emission accounting area, reflecting the degree of cleanness of the energy structure in the area. The carbon content of coal can be obtained by an element analyzer. The methane content of natural gas can be obtained by a laser spectroscopy gas analyzer. Based on laser absorption spectroscopy technology, lasers of specific wavelengths interact with methane molecules in natural gas, and the concentration of methane is measured according to the absorption light intensity. The proportion of clean energy power generation can be obtained through a power monitoring system. Power monitoring equipment such as smart meters are installed at the access point of the power grid, which can record the power generation of various energy power generation facilities (including clean energy and traditional energy power generation facilities) in real time. By statistics and calculations of the data, the proportion of clean energy power generation can be obtained. Reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation ratio are used as standard values ​​for comparing current actual energy characteristic data; allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content and allowable deviation clean energy power generation ratio stipulate whether the actual data fluctuates normally within the range. Reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation ratio, allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content and allowable deviation clean energy power generation ratio can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, represents the energy characteristic change index of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, e represents the natural constant, represents the coal carbon content in the ith carbon emission accounting area, represents the methane content of natural gas in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the proportion of clean energy power generation in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the reference coal carbon content of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the methane content of the reference natural gas in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the reference clean energy power generation ratio of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, Indicates the allowable deviation of coal carbon content, Indicates the allowable deviation of natural gas methane content, Indicates the percentage of clean energy power generation with allowable deviation, Indicates the impact weight of the energy characteristics change degree index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset coal carbon content, Indicates the impact weight of the energy characteristics change degree index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset natural gas methane content, It represents the impact weight of the energy characteristic change degree index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset clean energy power generation ratio, i represents the number of the carbon emission accounting area, i=1, 2, 3, ..., k, k represents the total number of carbon emission accounting areas.

[0042] When implementing the energy characteristics change degree index, , and The influence weights of the energy characteristics change degree indicators of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database. These weight values ​​​​reflect the degree of their influence on the energy characteristics change degree indicators, and there are preset mapping rules between their corresponding relationships. For example, the area of ​​urban carbon emissions and the influence weights of the energy characteristics change degree indicators of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation obtained in the carbon emission database form a mapping set. The area of ​​urban carbon emissions is input into the mapping set, and the influence weights of the energy characteristics change degree indicators of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation can be obtained. The mapping method can be one-to-one or many-to-one. In this example, the value range of the weight is limited to between 0 and 1 (excluding 0 and 1).

[0043] In this embodiment, the energy characteristics change degree index is used to quantitatively evaluate the change range of energy characteristics in each carbon emission accounting area. The smaller the deviation of coal carbon content from the reference value, or the smaller the deviation of natural gas methane content from the reference value, or the smaller the deviation of clean energy power generation from the reference value, the smaller the corresponding energy characteristics change degree index is, indicating that the change range of energy characteristics in the carbon emission accounting area is smaller.

[0044] The algorithm of this embodiment combines the carbon content of coal, the methane content of natural gas and the proportion of clean energy power generation, and comprehensively analyzes to obtain the energy characteristics change degree index. In this formula, the carbon content of coal, the methane content of natural gas and the proportion of clean energy power generation affect each other. High coal carbon content and increased use will inhibit the use of natural gas, resulting in a relatively stable or declining natural gas methane content. At the same time, it will compress the development space of clean energy, causing the proportion of clean energy power generation to increase slowly or even decrease. If the methane content of natural gas increases, it means that the proportion of natural gas in the energy structure will increase, which will reduce dependence on coal and reduce the carbon content of coal. The increase in the proportion of clean energy power generation will reduce the demand for coal and natural gas, thereby reducing the proportion of coal carbon content and natural gas methane content in the overall energy characteristics. By comprehensively analyzing the carbon content of coal, the methane content of natural gas and the proportion of clean energy power generation, the energy characteristics change degree index can be accurately obtained, which quantitatively reflects the overall changes in energy characteristics in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0045] The status data of carbon emission accounting equipment is monitored and processed to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0046] Specifically, the status data of carbon emission accounting equipment is monitored and processed to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is as follows: the carbon emission accounting equipment status data includes the cumulative operating time of the equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the adjacent maintenance time interval of the equipment; the cumulative operating time of critical equipment, the number of critical equipment failures, the critical equipment maintenance frequency and the adjacent maintenance time interval of critical equipment are extracted from the carbon emission database; the abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area are obtained according to the carbon emission accounting equipment status data analysis, and the abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area are used to quantitatively evaluate the operating abnormalities of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; feedback and early warning are carried out according to the abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cumulative running time of the equipment refers to the total running time of the equipment from the beginning of its use to the current moment. It is a cumulative time measurement that can intuitively reflect the degree of use of the equipment. For example, a carbon emission accounting device has been running 24 hours a day since its installation. After one year, the cumulative running time of the equipment is 8760 hours. The longer the cumulative running time of the equipment, the more likely it is that the various components of the equipment will have problems such as wear and aging, thereby increasing the risk of equipment failure. At the same time, long-term operation may also cause the performance of the equipment to decline, for example, the accuracy of the sensor is reduced, the stability of data transmission is deteriorated, etc., which in turn affects the accuracy of carbon emission accounting. The number of equipment failures refers to the total number of times the equipment fails during operation. Each time the equipment fails, it indicates that there is a problem with a part or system of the equipment and needs to be repaired or adjusted. For example, in the past five years, a carbon emission monitoring device has had a total of 10 failures. The number of equipment failures is an important indicator for measuring the reliability of the equipment. The more failures there are, the worse the stability of the equipment, its normal operating time will be affected, and frequent failures may cause data loss or accounting errors, and also increase maintenance costs and equipment downtime. Equipment maintenance frequency refers to the number of times the equipment is repaired per unit time, usually expressed as the number of times the equipment is repaired within a period of time (such as one year). For example, if a certain equipment has been repaired 5 times in the past year, then its equipment maintenance frequency is 5 times / year. A high equipment maintenance frequency means that the equipment needs to be maintained and repaired frequently. A high maintenance frequency will not only increase maintenance costs and manpower investment, but may also affect the service life and performance of the equipment. The equipment adjacent maintenance time interval refers to the time interval between the two most recent adjacent equipment maintenance. For example, the last maintenance of a certain equipment was on March 1, and the last maintenance to the most recent one was on January 1, then the time interval between the two maintenances is two months. A short equipment adjacent maintenance time interval indicates that the equipment frequently fails and needs maintenance, reflecting the low reliability of the equipment. The shorter the maintenance time interval, the longer the time that the equipment cannot work normally, affecting the continuity of carbon emission accounting work. At the same time, frequent maintenance also prevents the equipment from reaching the optimal performance state, thereby affecting the accuracy of the accounting data.

[0048] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the cumulative running time of the equipment can be obtained through system records. The equipment will be equipped with a running time recording system, which records the startup time and shutdown time of the equipment through a built-in timer or software, and automatically calculates the cumulative running time. These records can be stored in the local storage unit of the equipment or transmitted to the database of the management system through the network. The number of equipment failures and the frequency of equipment maintenance can be obtained through the maintenance record system. The enterprise or organization will establish an equipment maintenance record system. Every time the equipment fails and is repaired, the maintenance personnel will record the time, cause, content of the maintenance and parts used in the system. By counting the maintenance records, the number of equipment failures can be obtained and the equipment maintenance frequency can be calculated. The equipment adjacent maintenance time interval can be obtained by calculation based on the maintenance record. By checking the maintenance time record in the equipment maintenance record system and calculating the difference between two adjacent maintenance times, the equipment adjacent maintenance time interval can be obtained. The cumulative running time of critical equipment, the number of critical equipment failures, the critical equipment maintenance frequency and the critical equipment adjacent maintenance time interval can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the method for obtaining the abnormal index of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area is as follows:

[0050] ;

[0051] In the formula, represents the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in the ith carbon emission accounting area, e represents a natural constant, represents the cumulative operating time of the equipment in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the number of equipment failures in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the equipment maintenance frequency of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the time interval between equipment maintenance in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, Indicates the cumulative operating time of critical equipment. represents the number of critical equipment failures, Indicates the maintenance frequency of critical equipment, Indicates the time interval for the maintenance of critical equipment. Indicates the impact weight of abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset cumulative running time of the equipment. Indicates the impact weight of the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset number of equipment failures. Indicates the impact weight of abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset equipment maintenance frequency. It represents the impact weight of abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset equipment adjacent maintenance time interval, i represents the number of the carbon emission accounting area, i=1, 2, 3, ..., k, k represents the total number of carbon emission accounting areas.

[0052] When executing abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment, , , and The influence weights of abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the cumulative operation time of equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the adjacent maintenance time interval of equipment can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database. These weight values ​​respectively reflect the degree of influence on the abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment, and there are preset mapping rules between their corresponding relationships. For example, the area of ​​urban carbon emissions and the influence weights of abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the cumulative operation time of equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the adjacent maintenance time interval of equipment obtained from the carbon emission database form a mapping set. The area of ​​urban carbon emissions is input into the mapping set, and the influence weights of abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the cumulative operation time of equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the adjacent maintenance time interval of equipment can be obtained. The mapping method can be one-to-one or many-to-one. In this example, the value range of the weight is limited to between 0 and 1 (excluding 0 and 1).

[0053] In this embodiment, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index is mainly used to quantitatively evaluate the abnormal operation of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The longer the cumulative operation time of the equipment, or the more equipment failures, or the higher the equipment maintenance frequency, or the shorter the time interval between adjacent equipment maintenance, the larger the corresponding carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, indicating that the abnormal operation of the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area is more abnormal.

[0054] The algorithm of this embodiment combines the cumulative operation time of the equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the time interval between adjacent maintenance of the equipment, and comprehensively analyzes to obtain the abnormal index of the carbon emission accounting equipment. In this formula, the cumulative operation time of the equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the time interval between adjacent maintenance of the equipment affect each other. The longer the cumulative operation time of the equipment, the higher the degree of wear and aging of the various components of the equipment, which increases the probability of equipment failure and the number of equipment failures. The longer the cumulative operation time of the equipment, the greater the possibility of equipment failure, the more times maintenance is required, and the higher the frequency of equipment maintenance. The longer the cumulative operation time of the equipment will lead to a decline in equipment performance and frequent failures, thereby shortening the time interval between adjacent maintenance of the equipment. The more equipment failures, the more maintenance will be required, and the frequency of equipment maintenance will increase. The more equipment failures, the shorter the interval between two adjacent maintenances. Frequent failures mean that the equipment needs to be constantly maintained, resulting in a decrease in the time interval between adjacent maintenance. The higher the frequency of equipment maintenance, the more frequent maintenance of the equipment is, and the shorter the time interval between two adjacent maintenance is. By comprehensively analyzing the cumulative operating time of equipment, the number of equipment failures, the equipment maintenance frequency and the time interval between adjacent equipment maintenance, the abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment can be accurately obtained, which quantitatively reflects the degree to which the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area deviates from the normal operating state.

[0055] Specifically, feedback and warning are performed based on the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is: comparing the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area with the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database; if the abnormal indicator of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, then it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area is abnormal, and feedback and warning are performed; if the abnormal indicator of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is less than the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, then it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area can be used normally.

[0056] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the carbon emission database pre-sets the abnormal threshold of carbon emission accounting equipment to measure whether the equipment is in a normal state. The abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area is compared with the abnormal threshold of carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database. When the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the abnormal threshold of carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, it means that the operating state of the equipment deviates from the normal range, and there may be problems such as failure, aging, external interference, etc., which makes it unable to accurately and stably perform carbon emission accounting work. Therefore, the system will determine that the carbon emission accounting equipment is abnormal at this time and immediately start the feedback warning mechanism. The warning information can be sent to relevant operation and maintenance personnel and management personnel, so that they can know in time and take maintenance, debugging and other measures to avoid inaccurate or missing carbon emission accounting data due to equipment abnormalities. On the contrary, if the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is less than the abnormal threshold of carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, it means that the operating parameters of the equipment are within a reasonable and controllable normal range, and the carbon emission accounting task can be completed reliably without additional intervention, and its operating status can be continuously monitored. Through the process of comparison, judgment, feedback and early warning, it can effectively ensure that the equipment relied on by carbon emission accounting work is always in good operating condition, providing a solid foundation for accurate carbon emission accounting.

[0057] It should be understood that the feedback warning mechanism in this embodiment includes determining the warning method, system notification, in the relevant carbon emission accounting management system, displaying the equipment abnormality information to the relevant staff in the form of pop-up windows, message push, etc., including the equipment name, abnormality index and abnormality degree, etc.; email notification, sending emails to specific personnel or teams, detailing the equipment abnormality, so that they can check and handle it in time; SMS notification, sending SMS to the relevant person in charge through the SMS platform to ensure that they can receive the message of equipment abnormality as soon as possible. The content of the SMS should be concise and contain key information; voice call, for particularly important abnormal situations, you can directly contact the relevant personnel by voice call to ensure that they know and take action immediately. Clarify the warning content, basic information of the equipment, including the equipment name, model and accounting area, so that the staff can quickly locate the abnormal equipment; abnormality degree description, according to the gap between the abnormal index and the threshold, evaluate the severity of the abnormality, such as mild, moderate or severe abnormality, to provide a reference for the staff to handle the priority. Establish an early warning record and tracking mechanism to record early warning information, and make detailed records of each feedback early warning issued, including warning time, equipment information, abnormal indicators, warning methods, etc., for subsequent query and analysis; track processing progress, establish a tracking mechanism, track the processing of abnormal equipment in real time, and record information such as processing personnel, processing time, and processing results; feedback and confirmation, after the staff takes processing measures, require the staff to provide feedback on the processing results to confirm whether the equipment has returned to normal. If the equipment is still abnormal, the early warning should continue to be issued and the processing should be rearranged.

[0058] It should be understood that the abnormality level in this embodiment is determined based on the following criteria: when the abnormal index exceeds the preset threshold, but the amplitude is within 10%, it is determined to be a mild abnormality. For example, if the data transmission delay threshold in the abnormal index of the carbon emission accounting equipment is set to 50 milliseconds, and the actual monitored data transmission delay is 55 milliseconds, it is a mild abnormality. When the abnormal index exceeds the preset threshold by 10%-50%, it is defined as a moderate abnormality. For example, the carbon emission coefficient neighboring update time interval threshold of a carbon emission accounting area is 30, and the actual interval has reached 40 days, which exceeds the threshold by about 33%, which is a moderate abnormality. When the abnormal index exceeds the preset threshold by more than 50%, it is determined to be a severe abnormality. For example, if the measurement deviation threshold of the pressure monitoring equipment is ±5%, and the actual measurement deviation reaches -8%, it is a severe abnormality.

[0059] Obtain the carbon emission coefficient update time interval for each carbon emission accounting area, and obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index based on a comprehensive analysis of the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient update time interval and the carbon emission data. Make a judgment on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index.

[0060] Specifically, a carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index is obtained through comprehensive analysis, and the specific analysis process is as follows: the carbon emission data include the carbon dioxide emissions at each monitoring time point; the critical carbon emission coefficient neighboring update time interval, reference carbon dioxide emissions and allowable deviation carbon dioxide emissions are extracted from the carbon emission database; the carbon emission coefficient neighboring update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained, and the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained through comprehensive analysis according to the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient neighboring update time interval and the carbon emission data. The carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively assess the degree of demand for carbon emission coefficient update in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0061] In this embodiment, the energy characteristic change degree index reflects the change of energy characteristics, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index reflects the abnormal operation of the equipment, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval records the time interval between the last carbon emission coefficient update operation and the current time, and the carbon emission data includes the carbon dioxide emissions at each monitoring time point.

[0062] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval refers to the time interval from the last carbon emission coefficient update to the current moment, reflecting the timeliness of the carbon emission coefficient. The carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval can be obtained through the carbon emission coefficient update record system. Each time the carbon emission coefficient is updated, the updated timestamp is recorded, and then the time interval is calculated by subtracting the last update time from the current time. The carbon dioxide emissions at each monitoring time point are direct data for measuring carbon emissions. By monitoring the emissions at different time points, the changing trend of carbon emissions can be observed. Carbon dioxide emissions can be obtained by installing carbon dioxide sensors at carbon emission sources (such as factory chimneys, vehicle exhaust outlets, etc.). Carbon dioxide sensors can measure and record carbon dioxide emissions in real time. The critical carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval is used as a reference standard for the update time, and the reference carbon dioxide emissions and the allowable deviation carbon dioxide emissions are used to measure the normal fluctuation range of carbon emission data. The critical carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval, reference carbon dioxide emissions, and allowable deviation carbon dioxide emissions can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained in the following manner:

[0064] ;

[0065] In the formula, represents the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the ith carbon emission accounting area, e represents the natural constant, represents the energy characteristic change index of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the adjacent update time interval of the carbon emission coefficient of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the carbon dioxide emissions in the ith carbon emission accounting area, represents the reference carbon dioxide emissions of the ith carbon emission accounting area, represents the time interval between updates of the critical carbon emission factor. Indicates the allowable deviation of carbon dioxide emissions, Indicates the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset energy characteristic change degree index, Indicates the influence weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, Indicates the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval, It represents the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon dioxide emissions, i represents the number of the carbon emission accounting area, i=1, 2, 3, ..., k, k represents the total number of carbon emission accounting areas.

[0066] When performing the carbon emission factor update demand assessment index, , , and The influence weights of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the energy characteristic change degree index, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the carbon dioxide emissions can be directly obtained from the carbon emission database. These weight values ​​respectively reflect the degree of their influence on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index, and there are preset mapping rules between their corresponding relationships. For example, the area of ​​urban carbon emissions and the influence weights of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the carbon emission obtained from the carbon emission database form a mapping set. The area of ​​urban carbon emissions is input into the mapping set to obtain the influence weights of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the energy characteristic change degree index, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the carbon dioxide emissions. The mapping method can be one-to-one or many-to-one. In this example, the value range of the weight is limited to between 0 and 1 (excluding 0 and 1).

[0067] In this embodiment, the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index is used to quantitatively assess the degree of demand for carbon emission coefficient updates in each carbon emission accounting area. The greater the energy characteristic change index, or the greater the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, or the longer the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval, or the greater the deviation between carbon dioxide emissions and the reference value, the greater the corresponding carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index, indicating that the carbon emission coefficient update demand in the carbon emission accounting area is greater.

[0068] The algorithm of this embodiment combines the energy characteristic change degree index, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon dioxide emissions, and comprehensively analyzes to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index. In this formula, the energy characteristic change degree index, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon dioxide emissions affect each other. When the energy characteristics change, the measurement accuracy of the carbon emission accounting equipment may be affected, thereby causing equipment abnormality. The larger the energy characteristic change degree index, the larger the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index. The change in energy characteristics causes the original carbon emission coefficient to no longer apply, so the carbon emission coefficient needs to be updated to reflect the new energy characteristics. The change in energy characteristics affects the carbon dioxide emissions. For example, if the fuel type changes from high-carbon fuel to low-carbon fuel, then the carbon dioxide emissions may be reduced accordingly. If the carbon emission accounting equipment is abnormal, the recorded carbon emission data is inaccurate, which affects the accuracy of the carbon emission coefficient. The larger the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the shorter the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval. Abnormalities in carbon emission accounting equipment lead to inaccurate recorded carbon dioxide emissions. If equipment failure causes emissions to be underestimated or overestimated, it will directly affect the accurate assessment of carbon emissions. If the carbon emission coefficient has not been updated for a long time, it may not accurately reflect the current emissions, which may cause a deviation between the recorded carbon dioxide emissions and the actual emissions. By comprehensively analyzing the energy characteristics change degree index, carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and carbon dioxide emissions, the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index can be accurately obtained, which quantitatively reflects the urgency and necessity of real-time updating of carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0069] Specifically, the carbon emission coefficient update judgment is made according to the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index. The specific analysis process is: compare the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area with the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database; if the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, then the carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area is updated; if the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is less than the carbon emission coefficient update need assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, no additional operation is performed.

[0070] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the carbon emission database pre-sets a carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold. The carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each region is obtained through the energy characteristic change degree index, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon dioxide emissions, which comprehensively reflects the current adaptation of the carbon emission coefficient in the region. When making an update judgment, the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is compared with the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database. If the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, it means that the carbon emission accounting area has a comprehensive situation in terms of energy utilization, equipment operation, carbon emission accounting timeliness, and actual emissions and expected deviations. The situation has reached the extent to which the carbon emission coefficient must be adjusted. At this time, the carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area needs to be updated. On the contrary, if the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is less than the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, it means that the current carbon emission accounting area is in a relatively stable and controllable state under comprehensive conditions such as energy utilization, equipment operation, carbon emission accounting timeliness, and actual emissions and expected deviations. At this time, no additional operation is required, and the existing carbon emission coefficient can be maintained and the monitoring of various indicators can be continued to avoid data confusion and resource waste caused by unnecessary frequent adjustments, so as to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of the carbon emission accounting system.

[0071] Specifically, the carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area is updated, and the specific analysis process is as follows: subtract the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area from the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value; determine whether the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy needs to be updated based on the characteristic data of each type of energy, and update the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy based on the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the energy types include coal, natural gas and electricity. For the coal carbon content in the carbon emission accounting area, if the coal carbon content is equal to the reference coal carbon content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the coal is not updated; if the coal carbon content is higher than the reference coal carbon content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the coal is added to the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient; if the coal carbon content is lower than the reference coal carbon content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the coal is subtracted from the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient. For the natural gas methane content in the carbon emission accounting area, if the natural gas methane content is equal to the reference natural gas methane content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the natural gas is not updated; if the natural gas methane content is higher than the reference natural gas methane content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the natural gas is added to the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient; if the natural gas methane content is lower than the reference natural gas methane content, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the natural gas is subtracted from the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient. For the proportion of clean energy power generation in the carbon emission accounting area, if the proportion of clean energy power generation is equal to the reference proportion of clean energy power generation, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the electricity will not be updated; if the proportion of clean energy power generation is higher than the reference proportion of clean energy power generation, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the electricity will be added to the updated carbon emission coefficient deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient; if the proportion of clean energy power generation is lower than the reference proportion of clean energy power generation, the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to the electricity will be subtracted from the updated carbon emission coefficient deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient.

[0073] Carbon emission accounting is carried out for each carbon emission accounting area based on the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0074] Specifically, carbon emission accounting is carried out for each carbon emission accounting area according to the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is as follows: multiplying the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area with the corresponding updated carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the carbon emissions of various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area; adding the carbon emissions of various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the total carbon emissions of each area.

[0075] It should be understood that in this embodiment, energy consumption refers to the amount of various types of energy consumed in each carbon emission accounting area. The energy types may include coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, etc., and the consumption of each type of energy will produce corresponding carbon emissions. The carbon emission coefficient refers to the carbon emissions generated by unit energy consumption, which reflects the ability of different energy sources to release carbon dioxide during combustion or use. The energy consumption of each type of energy in each carbon emission accounting area is multiplied by the corresponding updated carbon emission coefficient, and the energy consumption is converted into carbon emissions, that is, the carbon dioxide emissions generated by the consumption of each energy in a certain carbon emission accounting area, and the carbon emissions of various types of energy in the carbon emission accounting area are obtained. The carbon emissions of various energy consumption in the carbon emission accounting area are added together to obtain the total carbon emissions of the carbon emission accounting area. The carbon emissions of all energy sources in the area are summarized to obtain a comprehensive carbon emission status.

[0076] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a city carbon emission accounting system based on energy flow analysis, including: a regional division and data monitoring module, an energy characteristic indicator module, an equipment status indicator module, a coefficient update judgment module and a carbon emission accounting module.

[0077] The regional division and data monitoring module is used to divide the carbon emission accounting city into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and monitor the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region. The energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts.

[0078] The energy characteristic index module is used to obtain the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area based on various energy characteristic data processing.

[0079] The equipment status indicator module is used to monitor the status data of carbon emission accounting equipment and process it to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

[0080] The coefficient update judgment module is used to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area, and obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index through comprehensive analysis based on the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment, the carbon emission coefficient update time interval and carbon emission data, and make a carbon emission coefficient update judgment based on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index.

[0081] The carbon emission accounting module is used to perform carbon emission accounting for each carbon emission accounting area based on various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients of each carbon emission accounting area.

[0082] The carbon emission database is used to store various data related to carbon emission accounting and management, including reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation ratio, allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content, allowable deviation clean energy power generation ratio, critical equipment cumulative operating time, critical equipment failure times, critical equipment maintenance frequency and critical equipment adjacent maintenance time interval, etc. The data in the carbon emission database can be obtained from energy consumption monitoring systems, corporate environmental management systems, emission factor libraries published by government environmental protection departments, and professional carbon emission data collection and analysis platforms.

[0083] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can understand and use the present invention well. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating urban carbon emissions based on energy flow analysis, characterized in that: include: The carbon emission accounting cities are divided into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region are monitored, wherein the energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts; According to the processing of various energy characteristic data, the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained; Monitor the status data of carbon emission accounting equipment and process it to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; Obtain the carbon emission coefficient update interval for each carbon emission accounting area, and obtain the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index based on the energy characteristics change degree index, carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, carbon emission coefficient update interval and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting area through comprehensive analysis, and make a judgment on the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index; Carbon emission accounting is carried out for each carbon emission accounting area based on the various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients in each carbon emission accounting area.

2. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained by processing various energy characteristic data. The specific analysis process is as follows: Various energy characteristic data include coal carbon content, natural gas methane content and the proportion of clean energy power generation; Extract reference coal carbon content, reference natural gas methane content, reference clean energy power generation ratio, allowable deviation coal carbon content, allowable deviation natural gas methane content and allowable deviation clean energy power generation ratio from the carbon emission database; The energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained based on the analysis of various energy characteristic data. The energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively evaluate the change range of energy characteristics in each carbon emission accounting area.

3. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The carbon emission accounting equipment status data is monitored and processed to obtain abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is as follows: The carbon emission accounting equipment status data includes the equipment's cumulative operating time, equipment failure times, equipment maintenance frequency, and equipment adjacent maintenance time interval; Extract the cumulative operation time of critical equipment, the number of critical equipment failures, the maintenance frequency of critical equipment and the adjacent maintenance time interval of critical equipment from the carbon emission database; Obtaining an abnormality index of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area according to the carbon emission accounting equipment status data analysis, wherein the abnormality index of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively evaluate the abnormal operation of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; Feedback and early warning are provided based on abnormal indicators of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area.

4. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 3 is characterized by: The feedback warning is performed based on the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area with the abnormal threshold of carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database; If the abnormal index of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area is abnormal, and feedback warning is issued; If the abnormal index of the carbon emission accounting equipment in a certain carbon emission accounting area is less than the abnormal threshold of the carbon emission accounting equipment preset in the carbon emission database, it is determined that the carbon emission accounting equipment in the carbon emission accounting area can be used normally.

5. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The comprehensive analysis obtains the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index, and the specific analysis process is as follows: The carbon emission data includes the carbon dioxide emissions at each monitoring time point; Extracting the critical carbon emission coefficient neighboring update time interval, reference carbon dioxide emissions and allowable deviation carbon dioxide emissions from the carbon emission database; The carbon emission coefficient update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained, and the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is obtained through comprehensive analysis based on the energy characteristics change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient update time interval and the carbon emission data. The carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area is used to quantitatively assess the demand degree of carbon emission coefficient update in each carbon emission accounting area.

6. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The carbon emission coefficient update determination is performed according to the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Compare the carbon emission factor update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area with the carbon emission factor update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database; If the carbon emission factor update demand assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is greater than or equal to the carbon emission factor update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, the carbon emission factor of the carbon emission accounting area is updated; If the carbon emission factor update demand assessment index of a carbon emission accounting area is less than the carbon emission factor update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database, no additional operation is performed.

7. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 6 is characterized by: The carbon emission coefficient of the carbon emission accounting area is updated, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Subtract the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of each carbon emission accounting area from the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment threshold preset in the carbon emission database to obtain the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value; According to the characteristic data of each type of energy, it is judged whether the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy needs to be updated, and the carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy is updated according to the carbon emission coefficient update deviation value to obtain the updated carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each type of energy.

8. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: According to the various energy consumptions of each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficients of each carbon emission accounting area, carbon emission accounting is performed on each carbon emission accounting area. The specific analysis process is as follows: Multiply the energy consumption of each carbon emission accounting area by the updated carbon emission coefficient corresponding to each energy in each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the carbon emission of each energy in each carbon emission accounting area; Add up the carbon emissions of various energy sources in each carbon emission accounting area to obtain the total carbon emissions of each carbon emission accounting area.

9. The urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis according to claim 1 is characterized by: The carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index is obtained in the following way: ； In the formula, represents the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the ith carbon emission accounting area, e represents the natural constant, represents the energy characteristic change index of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the abnormal index of carbon emission accounting equipment in the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the adjacent update time interval of the carbon emission coefficient of the i-th carbon emission accounting area, represents the carbon dioxide emissions in the ith carbon emission accounting area, represents the reference carbon dioxide emissions of the ith carbon emission accounting area, represents the time interval between updates of the critical carbon emission factor. Indicates the allowable deviation of carbon dioxide emissions, Indicates the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset energy characteristic change degree index, Indicates the influence weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, Indicates the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval, It represents the impact weight of the carbon emission coefficient update demand assessment index of the carbon emission accounting area corresponding to the preset carbon dioxide emissions, i represents the number of the carbon emission accounting area, i=1, 2, 3, ..., k, k represents the total number of carbon emission accounting areas.

10. A system using the urban carbon emission accounting method based on energy flow analysis as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Regional division and data monitoring module, energy characteristic indicator module, equipment status indicator module, coefficient update judgment module and carbon emission accounting module; The regional division and data monitoring module is used to divide the carbon emission accounting city into regions to obtain various carbon emission accounting regions, and monitor the energy consumption data and carbon emission data of each carbon emission accounting region. The energy consumption data includes various energy characteristic data and various energy consumption amounts. The energy characteristic index module is used to obtain the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area according to various energy characteristic data processing; The equipment status indicator module is used to monitor the status data of the carbon emission accounting equipment and process it to obtain the abnormal indicators of the carbon emission accounting equipment in each carbon emission accounting area; The coefficient update judgment module is used to obtain the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval of each carbon emission accounting area, and comprehensively analyze the carbon emission coefficient update demand evaluation index according to the energy characteristic change degree index of each carbon emission accounting area, the carbon emission accounting equipment abnormality index, the carbon emission coefficient adjacent update time interval and the carbon emission data, and make a carbon emission coefficient update judgment according to the carbon emission coefficient update demand evaluation index; The carbon emission accounting module is used to perform carbon emission accounting for each carbon emission accounting area according to various energy consumptions in each carbon emission accounting area and the updated carbon emission coefficient of each carbon emission accounting area.

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