Skull model for calibration of in-skull irradiation living body measurement device and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to a skull model for calibrating a skull internal irradiation living body measurement device and a preparation method. The skull model comprises a skull, an epidermal layer and a radioactive source, the radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull and located at the positions, corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone, of the skull; the epidermal layer is fixed to the surface of the skull in a pouring mode and is made of a tissue equivalent material. The radioactive source is arranged on the surface of the skull, and the tissue equivalent material is used as the epidermal layer to form the skull model, so that the model can simulate the deposition condition of the human body in the skull after the human body intakes the skull-affinity nuclide, namely, the amount set according to the radioactive source is used as the real human body nuclide intake, and the human body nuclide intake can be simulated. Therefore, scale calibration can be carried out on the skull internal irradiation living body measurement device more accurately, and the measurement precision of nuclide activity in a human body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of internal irradiation living body measurement, and in particular to a skull model used for calibrating a skull internal irradiation living body measurement device and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the whole industrial chain of the nuclear industry, radionuclides may enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, wound penetration, etc., causing internal irradiation to the human body, and its hazards are more serious than the same level of external irradiation. Therefore, it is particularly important to accurately evaluate and calculate internal irradiation. At present, the estimation of internal irradiation dose is mainly based on the mathematical models of international organizations such as ICRU and NCRP. The calculation method has been relatively fixed. The main source of uncertainty in the internal irradiation dose assessment process is the determination of the human nuclide intake. The intake is mainly determined by interpreting the measurement results of the internal irradiation live measurement device. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately calibrate the scale of the internal irradiation live measurement device. Therefore, a skull model that can simulate the actual nuclide deposition situation is needed to accurately calibrate the skull internal irradiation live measurement device, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the activity of nuclides in the human body. At present, there is no such model in China, and the domestic skull internal irradiation live measurement device lacks corresponding calibration equipment, and the measurement results cannot be accurately interpreted. The above problems need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention discloses a skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation living body measurement device and a manufacturing method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation living body measurement device, comprising a skull, an epidermis and a radiation source; the radiation source is arranged on the skull surface and is located at positions on the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone; the epidermis is fixed to the skull surface by casting and is a tissue equivalent material.

[0006] In the skull model for calibration of the intraskull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention, the skull includes an upper skull structure and a lower skull structure; the upper skull structure includes a parietal bone portion and a frontal bone portion; the lower skull structure is the remaining portion of the skull after removing the parietal bone portion and the frontal bone portion; the epidermis includes an upper epidermis layer and a lower epidermis layer bonded together; the upper epidermis layer is arranged on the surface of the upper skull structure; the lower epidermis layer is arranged on the surface of the lower skull structure.

[0007] In the skull model for calibrating the intraskull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention, the radiation source is a point radiation source, and there are multiple point radiation sources, and the multiple point radiation sources are evenly distributed on the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone positions.

[0008] In the skull model for calibrating the intraskull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention, the radiation source is arranged on the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone positions through a positioning plate; the positioning plate includes a lofting plate and a covering plate; the lofting plate has the same shape as the unfolded view of the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone positions, and the radiation source is arranged on the lofting plate; the covering plate covers the radiation source, and the edge forms a sealed space with the lofting plate.

[0009] In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention, the sample sheet is a water-absorbing sheet.

[0010] The skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention also includes a marking structure; the marking structure is arranged on the surface of the epidermis layer and is used for positioning during calibration.

[0011] In the skull model for calibrating the intra-skull irradiation living body measurement device of the present invention, the epidermis layer is an elastic material structure.

[0012] In the skull model used for calibration of a skull intra-irradiation biometric device of the present invention, the skull is made of a resin material.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing any of the above-mentioned skull models, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Obtain a digital model of the skull;

[0015] The digital skull model is formed into a skull model by three-dimensional printing;

[0016] Making a skull mold using the skull model;

[0017] Injecting skull material into the skull mold, demoulding, and obtaining a skull;

[0018] Disposing a radiation source on the surface of the skull;

[0019] The skull is placed in an epidermis forming mold, tissue equivalent material is injected, and the mold is removed to obtain a skull model.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing any of the above-mentioned skull models, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The digital skull model is segmented into an upper skull half including a parietal bone and a frontal bone, and the remaining part is a lower skull half;

[0022] The upper half of the skull and the lower half of the skull are respectively formed into an upper half of the skull model and a lower half of the skull model by three-dimensional printing;

[0023] Using the upper skull model and the lower skull model to manufacture an upper skull mold and a lower skull mold respectively;

[0024] Injecting resin material into the upper skull mold and the lower skull mold, and demoulding to obtain the upper skull structure and the lower skull structure;

[0025] A radiation source is arranged on the surface of the upper half structure of the skull;

[0026] Placing the upper skull structure and the lower skull structure in corresponding scalp forming molds respectively;

[0027] Injecting tissue equivalent material into the scalp forming mold, demoulding, and obtaining the upper half structure of the skull having the upper half epidermis layer and the lower half structure of the skull having the lower half epidermis layer;

[0028] The upper skull structure and the lower skull structure are spliced ​​together, and the upper epidermis layer and the lower epidermis layer are bonded together to obtain a skull model.

[0029] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention mainly provides a skull model for calibrating a skull internal irradiation living body measurement device. The skull model is formed by setting a radioactive source on the skull surface and using tissue equivalent material as the epidermis. The model can simulate the deposition of osteophilic nuclides in the skull after the human body ingests them, that is, the amount of nuclides ingested by the human body is obtained according to the amount of radioactive source set, so that the skull internal irradiation living body measurement device can be calibrated more accurately, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of nuclide activity in the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments, which constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a skull model used for calibration of a skull intra-irradiation living body measurement device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the skull of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the upper half of the skull structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the upper half of the skull structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is one of the partial cross-sectional structural diagrams of the upper half of the skull structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the upper part of the skull structure of the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Skull; 11. Upper skull structure; 111. Parietal bone; 112. Frontal bone; 12. Lower skull structure; 2. Epidermis; 21. Upper epidermis; 22. Lower epidermis; 3. Radiation source; 4. Positioning film; 41. Sample film; 42. Cover film; 43. Hot melt film; 5. Marking structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "or" is usually used in the sense of including "and / or", unless the content clearly indicates otherwise.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or a magnetic connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0042] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a skull model and a manufacturing method for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation living body measurement device.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a skull model for calibrating an intraskull irradiation living body measurement device comprises a skull 1, an epidermis 2 and a radiation source 3; the radiation source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1 and is located at positions on the skull 1 corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone; the epidermis 2 is fixed to the surface of the skull 1 by casting and is a tissue equivalent material.

[0045] The present invention provides a skull model for calibrating a skull internal irradiation living body measurement device. The skull model is formed by setting a radioactive source 3 on the surface of a skull 1 and using a tissue equivalent material as an epidermis 2. The amount of the radioactive source 3 is used to obtain the nuclide intake of the human body (i.e., the amount of the radioactive source 3 is used as the retention amount, and then the nuclide intake of the human body is calculated). The model can simulate the deposition of bone-loving nuclides in the skull after the human body ingests them, so that the skull internal irradiation living body measurement device can be calibrated more accurately, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the nuclide activity in the human body.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the skull 1 includes an upper skull structure 11 and a lower skull structure 12; the upper skull structure 11 includes a parietal bone portion 111 and a frontal bone portion 112; the lower skull structure 12 is the remaining portion of the skull 1 after removing the parietal bone portion 111 and the frontal bone portion 112; the epidermis 2 includes an upper epidermis 21 and a lower epidermis 22 bonded together; the upper epidermis 21 is arranged on the surface of the upper skull structure 11; the lower epidermis 22 is arranged on the surface of the lower skull structure 12; based on the skull 1 being arranged to include the upper skull structure 11 and the lower skull structure 12, it is only necessary to arrange a radiation source 3 on the surface of the upper skull structure 11, and the portion where the radiation source 3 needs to be arranged is separated, so as to avoid misoperation in setting the radiation source at other positions, and can reduce the structural volume for placing the radiation source 3, improve the efficiency during production, and do not affect the accuracy of the simulation.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, the radiation source 3 is a point-shaped radiation source, and there are multiple point-shaped radiation sources, which are evenly distributed on the surface of the skull 1 corresponding to the positions of the parietal bones and frontal bones; based on setting the radiation source 3 as a point, the amount of the radiation source 3 can be determined based on the number of point-shaped structures, and then the amount of radionuclides absorbed by the human body can be determined, thereby achieving a better simulation of the actual intake of radioactive nuclides.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 5As shown, the radiation source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1 corresponding to the parietal and frontal bones through the positioning sheet 4; the positioning sheet 4 includes a lofting sheet 41 and a covering sheet 42; the lofting sheet 41 has the same shape as the unfolded view of the surface of the skull 1 corresponding to the parietal and frontal bones, and the unfolded view can be obtained by placing the surface area corresponding to the parietal and frontal bones in the digital model of the skull 1 through Zbrush or Sol idWorks software is used for unfolding. Preferably, when the skull 1 includes an upper structure 11 and a lower structure 12 of the skull, the surface of the upper structure 11 can be directly unfolded; a radiation source 3 is arranged on the lofting piece 41; a covering piece 42 covers the radiation source 3, and the edge forms a sealed space with the lofting piece 41, thereby preventing the external environment from affecting the accuracy of the measurement; by setting the lofting piece 41 to have the same shape as the unfolded view of the surface of the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position on the skull 1, and setting the radiation source 3 on the lofting piece 41, the lofting piece 41 can be unfolded into a plane operation when the radiation source 3 is placed, thereby reducing the difficulty of setting the radiation source 3, and based on the lofting piece 41 being set to have the same shape as the unfolded view of the surface of the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position on the skull 1, when the positioning piece 4 is set on the skull 1, it is only necessary to align the edge of the positioning piece 4 with the surface of the corresponding parietal bone and frontal bone position on the skull 1. The edges of the surfaces can be aligned, and the combining process is more convenient; preferably, the skull 1 includes an upper skull structure 11 and a lower skull structure 12; the layout piece 41 is the same as the surface unfolded view of the upper skull structure 11. Based on the fact that the upper skull structure 11 has a certain edge, it is easier to align the edges of the layout piece 41 and the upper skull structure 11, thereby reducing the difficulty of installation and improving the installation accuracy; preferably, the positioning piece 4 is a flexible piece to better fit the surface of the skull 1, and the covering piece 42 can be selected as a sealing film. Further preferably, the melting temperature of the covering piece 42 is slightly lower than the temperature of the equivalent tissue material when it is poured, such as about 1-2°C. Therefore, the temperature of the covering piece 42 will increase and melt during pouring to form a seal between the epidermis 2 and the skull 1. Therefore, on the one hand, it is ensured that the radiation source 3 is in a sealed environment, and on the other hand, the influence of the covering piece 42 on the measurement accuracy can be eliminated.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the layout sheet 41 is a water-absorbing sheet, that is, it is made of a water-absorbing material, so that when the radiation source 3 is set, the movement of the radiation source 3 can be avoided, and the setting position is more accurate.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the positioning sheet 4 also includes a hot-melt adhesive sheet 43, and the hot-melt adhesive sheet 43 is arranged to fit the surface of the skull 1; based on the setting of the hot-melt adhesive sheet 43, on the one hand, it does not affect the position adjustment when placing the positioning sheet 4, and on the other hand, when pouring the epidermis 2, the hot-melt adhesive sheet 43 melts and adheres the layout sheet 41 to the surface of the skull 1 to prevent it from moving, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the setting position, that is, the melting temperature of the hot-melt adhesive sheet 43 is lower than the pouring temperature of the epidermis 2.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a marking structure 5; the marking structure 5 is arranged on the surface of the epidermis 2 and is used for positioning during calibration; specifically, the marking structure 5 is a crosshair, or other structures that can achieve positioning and alignment; preferably, the marking structure 5 is arranged on the surface of the epidermis 2 corresponding to the side or top surface of the skull 1; further preferably, the marking structure 5 is made of a radioluminescent material, which is convenient for alignment under dark conditions on the one hand, and can also be used to indicate whether the radiation source 3 has sufficient activity concentration, such as having different colors as the radiation source 3 decays.

[0052] In some preferred embodiments, the epidermis layer 2 is made of an elastic material structure, and the epidermis layer 2 tissue equivalent material made of elastic material is closer to the real human body.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the skull 1 is made of resin material, that is, resin material is selected as the bone equivalent tissue material.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for preparing the skull model in the above embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Obtain a digital skull model; optionally, use 3D modeling software to establish a skull digital model that can represent Chinese adult males based on the relevant parameters of the Han male skull in the book "Chinese Anatomy Numerical Data";

[0057] The digital model of the skull is formed into a skull model by three-dimensional printing;

[0058] Making a skull mold from a skull model;

[0059] Injecting skull material into the skull mold, demoulding, and obtaining skull 1;

[0060] A radiation source 3 is arranged on the surface of the skull 1;

[0061] The skull 1 is placed in an epidermis molding mold, tissue equivalent material (specifically, γ-radiation equivalent soft tissue) is injected, and the mold is removed to obtain a skull model.

[0062] The preparation method of the present invention is based on setting a radioactive source 3 on the surface of a skull 1 and using a tissue equivalent material as the epidermis 2 to form a skull model. The amount of the radioactive source 3 is set to simulate the actual human nuclide intake, so that the model can simulate the deposition of bone-loving nuclides in the skull after the human body ingests them, thereby more accurately calibrating the skull internal irradiation living body measurement device, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the nuclide activity in the human body.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the radiation source 3 is disposed on the surface of the skull 1 through the positioning sheet 4, and the step of disposing the radiation source 3 on the surface of the skull 1 includes:

[0064] The sample sheet 41 of the positioning sheet 4 is unfolded, the radiation source 3 is set at a preset position, the cover sheet 42 is covered on the radiation source 3, and then sealed and connected with the sample sheet 41 by a plastic sealing machine. This reduces the difficulty of operation when setting the radiation source 3 and improves efficiency.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a skull model in which the skull 1 in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 includes an upper skull structure 11 and a lower skull structure 12; the upper skull structure 11 includes a parietal bone portion 111 and a frontal bone portion 112; the lower skull structure 12 is the remaining portion of the skull 1 after removing the parietal bone portion 111 and the frontal bone portion 112; the epidermis 2 includes an upper epidermis layer 21 and a lower epidermis layer 22 bonded together; the upper epidermis layer 21 is arranged on the surface of the upper skull structure 11; and the lower epidermis layer 22 is arranged on the surface of the lower skull structure 12. The preparation method comprises:

[0067] The digital skull model is divided into the upper half of the skull including the parietal bone and the frontal bone, and the remaining part is the lower half of the skull;

[0068] The upper half of the skull and the lower half of the skull are respectively formed into an upper half of the skull model and a lower half of the skull model by three-dimensional printing;

[0069] Using the upper skull model and the lower skull model to manufacture an upper skull mold and a lower skull mold respectively;

[0070] Injecting resin material into the upper skull mold and the lower skull mold, and demoulding to obtain the upper skull structure 11 and the lower skull structure 12;

[0071] A radiation source 3 is arranged on the surface of the upper skull structure 11;

[0072] The upper skull structure 11 and the lower skull structure 12 are placed in corresponding scalp forming molds respectively;

[0073] Injecting tissue equivalent material into the scalp molding mold, demolding, and obtaining an upper skull structure 11 having an upper epidermal layer 21 and a lower skull structure 12 having a lower epidermal layer 22;

[0074] The upper skull structure 11 and the lower skull structure 12 are spliced ​​together, and the upper epidermis 21 and the lower epidermis 22 are bonded together to obtain a skull model.

[0075] The preparation method of the present invention is based on preparing the upper skull structure 11 and the lower skull structure 12 separately. The preparation of the upper skull structure 11 used to place the radiation source is relatively complicated. Preparing it separately can reduce the preparation volume, reduce the preparation difficulty, and improve efficiency.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, the material bonded to the upper half epidermis layer 21 and the lower half epidermis layer 22 is the same equivalent tissue material as the epidermis layer 2 .

[0077] In some preferred embodiments, the radiation source 3 is disposed on the surface of the skull 1 through the positioning sheet 4, and the step of disposing the radiation source 3 on the surface of the skull 1 includes:

[0078] The sample sheet 41 of the positioning sheet 4 is unfolded, the radiation source 3 is set at a preset position, the cover sheet 42 is covered on the radiation source 3, and then sealed and connected with the sample sheet 41 by a plastic sealing machine. This reduces the difficulty of operation when setting the radiation source 3 and improves efficiency.

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometric device, characterized in that: Includes skull, epidermis and radiation source; The radiation source is disposed on the surface of the skull and is located at positions on the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone; The epidermis is fixed to the surface of the skull by casting and is a tissue equivalent material.

2. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skull comprises an upper skull structure and a lower skull structure; The upper half structure of the skull includes the parietal bone part and the frontal bone part; the lower half structure of the skull is the remaining part of the skull after removing the parietal bone part and the frontal bone part; The epidermis layer comprises an upper epidermis layer and a lower epidermis layer which are bonded together; The upper epidermis is arranged on the surface of the upper structure of the skull; The lower epidermis is arranged on the surface of the lower half structure of the skull.

3. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation source is a point-shaped radiation source, and there are multiple point-shaped radiation sources, and the multiple point-shaped radiation sources are evenly distributed on the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and frontal bone positions.

4. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation source is arranged on the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone through a positioning piece; The positioning sheet includes a layout sheet and a covering sheet; The layout piece has the same shape as the unfolded view of the surface of the skull corresponding to the parietal bone and the frontal bone, and the radiation source is arranged on the layout piece; The cover sheet covers the radiation source, and the edge of the cover sheet forms a sealed space with the lofting sheet.

5. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lofting sheet is a water-absorbing sheet.

6. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes the tag structure; The marking structure is arranged on the surface of the epidermis layer for positioning during calibration.

7. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The epidermis layer is made of elastic material.

8. The skull model for calibrating a skull intra-irradiation biometry device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The skull is made of resin material.

9. A method for preparing a skull model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain a digital model of the skull; The digital skull model is formed into a skull model by three-dimensional printing; Making a skull mold using the skull model; Injecting skull material into the skull mold, demoulding, and obtaining a skull; Disposing a radiation source on the surface of the skull; The skull is placed in an epidermis forming mold, tissue equivalent material is injected, and the mold is removed to obtain a skull model.

10. A method for preparing a skull model according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The digital skull model is segmented into an upper skull half including a parietal bone and a frontal bone, and the remaining part is a lower skull half; The upper half of the skull and the lower half of the skull are respectively formed into an upper half of the skull model and a lower half of the skull model by three-dimensional printing; Using the upper skull model and the lower skull model to manufacture an upper skull mold and a lower skull mold respectively; Injecting resin material into the upper skull mold and the lower skull mold, and demoulding to obtain the upper skull structure and the lower skull structure; A radiation source is arranged on the surface of the upper half structure of the skull; Placing the upper skull structure and the lower skull structure in corresponding scalp forming molds respectively; Injecting tissue equivalent material into the scalp forming mold, demoulding, and obtaining the upper half structure of the skull having the upper half epidermis layer and the lower half structure of the skull having the lower half epidermis layer; The upper skull structure and the lower skull structure are spliced ​​together, and the upper epidermis layer and the lower epidermis layer are bonded together to obtain a skull model.

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