Quick-charging lithium battery material and preparation method thereof
By optimizing the preparation process of Nb3Sn material, the energy density reduction and safety problems of lithium-ion batteries during fast charging are solved, the high purity and chemical activity of the materials are achieved, and the fast charging performance and safety of the batteries are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510090215.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
During the fast charging process, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is difficult to maintain the best state, and the negative electrode material is prone to overpotential generation, resulting in safety problems.
Using Nb3Sn material, by optimizing raw material selection, mixing conditions, ball milling process and electrode material formulation, we ensure accurate raw material proportions, mixing in an oxygen-free environment, and ball milling speed and time optimization to improve the purity and chemical activity of the material.
It significantly improves the fast charging performance, material purity and chemical activity of lithium batteries, enhances the overall performance of electrode materials, and ensures the safety and stability of the battery.
Smart Images
Figure CN119943930A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention provides a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of lithium batteries. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, fast-charging lithium-ion batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their applications in energy storage fields such as electric vehicles and power grids. However, when lithium-ion batteries are fast-charged, their high energy density may not be maintained at its optimal state. The battery undergoes the following processes during fast charging:
[0003] (1)Li + Diffusion in the electrolyte.
[0004] (2)Li + Solvation and desolvation at the cathode / electrolyte interface (CEI) and anode / electrolyte interface (SEI).
[0005] (3)Li + Diffusion in the positive and negative electrode materials. From a material perspective, the key limitation of fast charging is Li + Diffusion in the material lattice, and compared with the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material is prone to overpotential during fast charging, causing safety problems. Therefore, it is crucial to find alternative fast-charging negative electrode materials or modify common negative electrode materials to improve the fast-charging performance of batteries.
[0006] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure is studied and improved, and a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof are proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention
[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the raw material selection, mixing conditions, ball milling process and the formula of the electrode material, the fast-charging performance of the lithium battery, the purity and chemical activity of the material are significantly improved, and the overall performance of the electrode material is enhanced, which has broad application prospects.
[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a technical solution: a fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lithium battery material is composed of Nb 3 Sn composition, and its preparation method includes raw material preparation, mixing conditions, ball milling speed, and ball milling time. The raw material preparation needs to ensure the accurate raw material ratio, and the mixing conditions need to be in an oxygen-free environment to effectively avoid the metal powder from being oxidized during the mixing stage and maintain the chemical activity of the raw materials.
[0009] Furthermore, the raw material preparation uses raw materials produced by Aladdin Company, Nb and Sn metal powders with a purity of >99%, which are strictly sealed and stored in a glove phase to prevent oxidation, and need to be accurately weighed according to the molar ratio of Nb:Sn of 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.1:1.
[0010] Furthermore, the mixing condition is inert gas Ar, N 2 Under the dual protection of atmosphere, the operation is carried out in a sealed ball mill in a glove box.
[0011] Furthermore, the ball milling speed requires that the Nb powder and the Sn powder are fully mixed and uniformly mixed. Different ball milling speeds of 300 rpm, 400 rpm, 500 rpm, and 600 rpm were tried, and the phase purity was tested by XRD analysis to observe whether impurity phases were generated.
[0012] Furthermore, the ball milling time needs to be set to different ball milling reaction times, 4h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, and the phase purity is tested by XRD, the particle size is observed by SEM, and the optimal reaction time is selected.
[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the lithium battery electrode is as follows: select the active material Nb 3 Sn, conductive additive: Super P, Ketjen black, carbon black, binder: sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, (active material: conductive additive: binder = 7:2:1; 8:1:1; 8:1.5:0.5) coated on Cu foil current collector, separator: Celgard 2320, electrolyte using 1M LiFP 6 (EC:DEC:DMC=1:1:1Vol%, 10% FEC).
[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the fast-charging lithium battery material and the preparation method thereof of the present invention are as follows:
[0015] 1. High purity and chemical activity of materials: Nb 3 The high purity of Sn material ensures the chemical stability of the material and avoids the introduction of impurities, and mixing in an oxygen-free environment maintains the high chemical activity of the raw materials.
[0016] 2. Uniform mixing and phase purity optimization: The selection of different ball milling speeds avoids the generation of impurities and improves the phase purity of the material. By setting different ball milling times and SEM observations, the ball milling reaction time is optimized, which not only ensures uniform mixing of particles, but also avoids particle breakage or structural damage caused by excessive ball milling.
[0017] 3. High performance of electrode materials: The optimized ratio of active materials ensures the conductivity and mechanical strength of electrode materials. 1M LiFP6 The electrolyte has good ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, which further improves the charge and discharge performance of the battery.
[0018] 4. Accurate raw material ratio and strict operating conditions: Through precise weighing, mixing and ball milling in a strictly controlled environment, the repeatability of material preparation is ensured, the difference between batches is reduced, and the stability and consistency of the material are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
[0020] Figure 1 The X-ray diffraction diagram of a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 The figure is a charge and discharge curve diagram of a fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a cycle performance diagram of a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a rate performance diagram of a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] The present invention provides a fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof: the lithium battery material is composed of Nb 3 Sn composition, and its preparation method includes raw material preparation, mixing conditions, ball milling speed, and ball milling time. The raw material preparation needs to ensure the accurate raw material ratio, and the mixing conditions need to be in an oxygen-free environment to effectively avoid the metal powder from being oxidized during the mixing stage and maintain the chemical activity of the raw materials.
[0027] The raw material preparation uses raw materials produced by Aladdin Company, Nb and Sn metal powders with a purity of >99%, which are strictly sealed and stored in a glove phase to prevent oxidation, and need to be accurately weighed according to the molar ratio of Nb:Sn of 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.1:1.
[0028] The mixing conditions are carried out in a sealed ball mill in a glove box under the dual protection of inert gas Ar and N2 atmosphere.
[0029] The ball milling speed requires that the Nb powder and the Sn powder are fully mixed and uniform. Different ball milling speeds of 300 rpm, 400 rpm, 500 rpm, and 600 rpm were tried, and the phase purity was tested by XRD analysis to observe whether there was any impurity phase generated.
[0030] The ball milling time needs to be set to different ball milling reaction times, 4h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, and the phase purity is tested by XRD, the particle size is observed by SEM, and the optimal reaction time is selected.
[0031] The preparation method of the lithium battery electrode is as follows: select the active material Nb 3 Sn, conductive additive: Super P, Ketjen black, carbon black, binder: sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, (active material: conductive additive: binder = 7:2:1; 8:1:1; 8:1.5:0.5) coated on Cu foil current collector, diaphragm: Celgard 2320, electrolyte using 1MLiFP 6 (EC:DEC:DMC=1:1:1Vol%, 10% FEC).
[0032] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, and such description is not restrictive. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and, without departing from the purpose of the invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lithium battery material is composed of Nb3Sn, and the preparation method thereof includes raw material preparation, mixing conditions, ball milling speed, and ball milling time. The raw material preparation needs to ensure the accurate raw material ratio, and the mixing conditions need to be in an oxygen-free environment to effectively avoid oxidation of metal powder during the mixing stage and maintain the chemical activity of the raw materials.
2. A fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material preparation uses raw materials produced by Aladdin Company, Nb and Sn metal powders with a purity of >99%, which are strictly sealed and stored in a glove phase to prevent oxidation, and need to be accurately weighed according to the molar ratio of Nb:Sn of 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.1:
1.
3. A fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing conditions are carried out in a sealed ball mill in a glove box under the dual protection of inert gas Ar and N2 atmosphere.
4. A fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball milling speed requires that the Nb powder and the Sn powder are fully mixed and uniform. Different ball milling speeds of 300 rpm, 400 rpm, 500 rpm, and 600 rpm were tried, and the phase purity was tested by XRD analysis to observe whether there was any impurity phase generated.
5. A fast-charge lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball milling time needs to be set to different ball milling reaction times, 4h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, and the phase purity is tested by XRD, the particle size is observed by SEM, and the optimal reaction time is selected.
6. According to claim 1, a fast-charging lithium battery material and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method of the lithium battery electrode is as follows: select active material Nb3Sn, conductive additives: Super P, Ketjen black, carbon black, binder: sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, (active material: conductive additive: binder = 7:2:1; 8:1:1; 8:1.5:0.5) and coat them on a copper foil current collector, diaphragm: Celgard 2320, and the electrolyte uses 1M LiFP6 (EC:DEC:DMC=1:1:1Vol%, 10%FEC).