Cold plate, monitoring device, monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method, and belongs to the field of batteries. The cold plate comprises a cold plate body and an ultrasonic device. A flow channel is formed in the cold plate body and used for circulation of cooling liquid. The ultrasonic device is arranged in the flow channel and used for monitoring the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the flow channel. By arranging the cold plate body and the ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device can monitor the flow pattern of the cooling liquid in the runner, so that the flow and temperature of the cooling liquid can be dynamically regulated and controlled according to the flow pattern, the thickness of a liquid film in an overheated area is increased, a wavy flowing area is removed, and the heat exchange effect of the cold plate can be remarkably improved; and the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate are improved, and the local overheating phenomenon of the battery is reduced, so that the intelligence and efficiency of battery cooling are improved, and necessary support is provided for the safety guarantee of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Currently in the field of direct cooling of power batteries, if one wants to observe the flow pattern inside the direct cooling plate, one usually considers using a transparent simulation experiment, that is, using transparent materials (such as plexiglass) to make a model with a structure similar to that of an aluminum direct cooling plate, injecting working fluid into the model and introducing bubbles, and using high-speed cameras and other equipment to directly observe the flow state of the bubbles.

[0003] The above transparent model is different from the actual aluminum direct cooling plate in terms of material properties and heat conduction. It is impossible to simulate the actual use scenario of the actual aluminum direct cooling plate for experimental testing, and can only use mathematical calculations to control the thermal resistance, which greatly reduces the credibility of the experimental results. If the technical means of combining transparent materials and aluminum heat balancing plates are used, the position where the two materials are combined cannot be welded, and the compressive and tensile strengths of the entire plate are extremely low. Under normal battery device operating conditions, the flow channel will be fractured and damaged, affecting the progress of the experiment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes a cold plate, a monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method, which can monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel, so that the flow rate and temperature of the coolant can be dynamically controlled according to the flow pattern.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cold plate, comprising:

[0006] The cold plate body forms a flow channel, wherein the flow channel is used for circulating a cooling liquid;

[0007] An ultrasonic device is arranged in the flow channel and is used to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel.

[0008] According to the cold plate of the present application, by setting a cold plate body and an ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device can monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel, so that the flow rate and temperature of the coolant can be dynamically regulated according to the flow pattern, the thickness of the liquid film in the overheating zone can be increased, and the wavy flow area can be removed, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cold plate, improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate, and reduce the local overheating of the battery, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and also providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device includes:

[0010] A plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged relatively to each other along the width direction of the flow channel, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver in the same group are located at the same height.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device further includes:

[0013] The mounting seat comprises a mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion extends along the height direction of the flow channel and is arranged on both sides of the flow channel along the width direction, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are respectively arranged on the two mounting portions.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, the cold plate body has an opening, and the opening is in communication with the flow channel;

[0015] The mounting seat further includes a connecting portion, which is disposed at the opening to close the opening, and the mounting portions are disposed at both sides of the connecting portion along the width direction of the flow channel.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the flow channel includes a plurality of groups, each group includes at least one branch flow channel, and at least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with the ultrasonic device.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a monitoring device, including:

[0018] An ultrasonic device, arranged in the flow channel formed by the cold plate body, comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter is used to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel, and the ultrasonic receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic signal and form an ultrasonic echo signal;

[0019] A signal transmitter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter;

[0020] A signal amplifier and filter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver;

[0021] The controller is electrically connected to the signal transmitter and the signal amplifier and filter respectively.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver;

[0023] The signal transmitter is electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters respectively;

[0024] The signal amplifier and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers respectively.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a monitoring system, including:

[0026] A compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve connected in sequence and a cold plate as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the cold plate comprises an ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver;

[0027] A signal transmitter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter;

[0028] A signal amplifier and filter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver;

[0029] The controller is electrically connected to the signal transmitter, the signal amplifier and filter, the compressor and the expansion valve respectively.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device includes a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver;

[0031] The signal transmitter is electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters respectively;

[0032] The signal amplifier and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers respectively.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a monitoring method based on the monitoring system described in any one of the above items, comprising:

[0034] The controller controls the signal transmitter to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic device at a first target time interval;

[0035] The ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel based on the first instruction and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals;

[0036] The signal amplifier and filter receives the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals and processes the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals;

[0037] The controller obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel based on the processing results of the signal amplification and the filter;

[0038] The controller controls the operating states of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present application, the ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals based on the first instruction, including:

[0040] Multiple ultrasonic transmitters in the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups all transmit ultrasonic signals, and at the same time only one of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel, and two adjacent ultrasonic signals are separated by a second target time length.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present application, the controller controls the working state of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern, including:

[0042] When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter is greater than a first threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at a first speed and controls the expansion valve to open at a first opening degree;

[0043] When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter is not greater than the first threshold, and the processing result of the signal amplification and filter is greater than the second threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at a second speed and controls the expansion valve to open at a second opening degree.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the cold plate provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the cold plate provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the cold plate provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Reference numerals:

[0052] Cold plate 10;

[0053] Cold plate body 1, temperature equalizing plate 11, flow channel plate 12, flow channel 121, welding area 13;

[0054] Ultrasonic device 2, ultrasonic transmitter 211, ultrasonic receiver 212, mounting seat 213, mounting portion 2131, connecting portion 2132;

[0055] Water inlet pipe 31, water outlet pipe 32, compressor 33, condenser 34, expansion valve 35;

[0056] Signal transmitter 41, signal amplifier and filter 42, controller 43;

[0057] Automobile power battery5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0059] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 5 The cold plate 10 , the monitoring device, the monitoring system and the monitoring method according to the embodiments of the present application are described.

[0060] The cold plate 10 may be a direct cold plate. The cold plate 10 is applied to a battery device. The cold plate 10 is used to cool down the batteries in the battery device. The cold plate 10 may be installed on the side of the battery.

[0061] The battery device can be applied to a variety of electrical devices, which may be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, and spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., and the spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0062] Exemplarily, the cold plate 10 of the embodiment of the present application can exchange heat with the automotive power battery 5 .

[0063] The monitoring device is used to observe the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 of the cold plate 10 to reflect the flow state of the coolant in the cold plate 10 .

[0064] The flow patterns in the flow channel 121 include bubble-like, flowing liquid film-like, wave-like or mist-like. Different flow patterns indicate the heat exchange capacity of the flow channel 121 .

[0065] Exemplarily, if the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is wavy or misty, it indicates that the coolant flow in the flow channel 121 is insufficient, and the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 cannot match the cooling capacity required by the battery; if the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is bubble-like or flowing liquid film-like flow, the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 matches the cooling capacity required by the battery.

[0066] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the cold plate 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a cold plate body 1 and an ultrasonic device 2 .

[0067] The cold plate body 1 forms a flow channel 121, and the flow channel 121 is used for circulating the cooling liquid.

[0068] Exemplarily, the coolant may be R134a or R1234yf.

[0069] The cold plate body 1 can be made of high-quality aluminum alloy material, so that the cold plate 10 has good thermal conductivity and structural strength.

[0070] The interior of the cold plate 10 may be designed with a plurality of flow channels 121 , and the plurality of flow channels 121 may be connected in parallel or in series, so that the coolant can flow fully and take away the heat.

[0071] Exemplarily, the flow channel 121 may extend in a serpentine shape, or in a spiral shape, or may be a plurality of straight lines arranged in parallel.

[0072] The cold plate 10 may be provided with a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet to facilitate the coolant to flow into and out of the flow channel 121 .

[0073] Exemplarily, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet may be disposed at the same end of the cold plate 10 , or may be disposed at different ends of the cold plate 10 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet may be provided with quick-connect connectors to facilitate installation and maintenance.

[0075] The ultrasonic device 2 may be disposed in the flow channel 121 , and the ultrasonic device 2 is used to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel 121 .

[0076] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic device 2 may be disposed inside the flow channel 121 , or disposed outside the cold plate 10 , and the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic device 2 is transmitted to the flow channel 121 through the cold plate body 1 .

[0077] The ultrasonic device 2 can be connected to an external signal transmitter 41 and a controller 43. The signal transmitter 41 and the controller 43 are responsible for receiving and analyzing the ultrasonic echo signals emitted and reflected by the ultrasonic device 2. The controller 43 can infer the bubble-like, flowing liquid film-like, wavy or mist-like flow pattern of the coolant by calculating the propagation time and intensity change of the ultrasonic wave, thereby dynamically regulating the flow rate and temperature of the coolant.

[0078] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic device 2 includes at least one ultrasonic transceiver group, which can be directly installed on the side wall of the flow channel 121, or installed in the flow channel 121 through a mounting seat 213, and the mounting seat 213 can have a channel connected to the flow channel 121 so as not to affect the conduction of the coolant.

[0079] Traditional battery direct cooling plate systems often only monitor the overheating of the water outlet and adjust the water inlet flow accordingly. However, when the cooling power of some branches of the direct cooling plate is too high but the coolant flow is insufficient (the cooling capacity and battery status do not match), the coolant flows in a wavy or misty manner, which may lead to insufficient cooling capacity in some areas of the cold plate, causing the temperature of the corresponding position of the battery to be too high, increasing safety risks.

[0080] In the related art, in order to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the cold plate, a transparent simulation experiment is usually considered, that is, a model with a structure similar to that of an aluminum direct cold plate is made using transparent materials (such as plexiglass), and working fluid is injected into the model and bubbles are introduced, and the flow state of the bubbles is directly observed using equipment such as high-speed cameras.

[0081] The above transparent model is different from the actual aluminum direct cooling plate in terms of material properties and heat conduction. It is impossible to simulate the actual use scenario of the actual aluminum direct cooling plate for experimental testing, and can only use mathematical calculations to control the thermal resistance, which greatly reduces the credibility of the experimental results. If the technical means of combining transparent materials and aluminum heat balancing plates are used, the position where the two materials are combined cannot be welded, and the compressive and tensile strengths of the entire plate are extremely low. Under normal battery device operating conditions, the flow channel will be fractured and damaged, affecting the progress of the experiment.

[0082] According to the cold plate 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by providing the cold plate body 1 and the ultrasonic device 2, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel 121, so that the flow rate and temperature of the coolant can be dynamically regulated according to the flow pattern, the thickness of the liquid film in the overheating zone can be increased, and the wavy flow area can be removed, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cold plate 10, improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate 10, and reduce the local overheating of the battery, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and also providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0083] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 includes: a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel 121 .

[0084] The ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212 . The ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 , and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used to receive ultrasonic signals and form ultrasonic echo signals.

[0085] The number of the ultrasonic transceiver groups may include at least two, for example, the ultrasonic transceiver groups may include 3 groups, 4 groups or more groups.

[0086] Exemplarily, there may be three ultrasonic transceiver groups, which are arranged along the height direction to monitor the fluid characteristics at the upper, middle and lower parts of the flow channel 121 .

[0087] A set of ultrasonic transceiver groups is installed at a certain distance (such as every 50 mm or determined according to the size of the flow channel 121 and monitoring requirements) along the height direction of the flow channel 121. Exemplarily, multiple sets of ultrasonic transceiver groups are evenly distributed along the height direction of the flow channel 121, or can be distributed along multiple target distance intervals.

[0088] The ultrasonic transceiver group is directly mounted on the wall of the flow channel 121 , and can also be placed in the flow channel 121 through a fixing seat.

[0089] Exemplarily, multiple sets of ultrasonic transceiver groups can be directly fixed to the side wall and / or top of the flow channel 121 by means of bolts, magnets or snaps, so that they can be accurately aligned with the inside of the flow channel 121 to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant; alternatively, multiple sets of ultrasonic transceiver groups can be first installed on a fixing seat, and then set in the flow channel 121 by means of snap-on connection, direct placement or plug-in connection of the fixing seat, so as to reduce the difficulty of installation.

[0090] In this embodiment, by distributing multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups at intervals in the height direction of the flow channel 121, the flow patterns at different heights of the flow channel 121 can be monitored, thereby forming a flow pattern monitoring result of the cross section of the flow channel 121, thereby improving the precision and comprehensiveness of the coolant flow pattern monitoring.

[0091] Exemplarily, the height position of the flow channel 121 is from the heat exchange surface of the cold plate body 1 to the other side away from the heat exchange surface. In other words, the height direction of the flow channel 121 is from the high temperature point to the low temperature point. Multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are arranged on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction, and are located at the upper, middle and lower height planes of the flow channel 121 along the height direction. The cross-section of the flow channel 121 where the multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are located can be used to monitor the coolant flow pattern.

[0092] Among them, multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel to an external signal transmitter 41 and a signal amplifier and filter 42. The controller 43 can obtain the flow type of the flow channel 121 in the height direction where the multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are located based on the processing results of the signal amplifier and filter 42.

[0093] In some embodiments, the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed along the height direction and aligned along the height direction.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the flow channel 121. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 can be arranged on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction. The ultrasonic transmitter 211 transmits an ultrasonic signal into the flow channel 121. The ultrasonic signal passes through the coolant along the width direction of the flow channel 121 to reach the ultrasonic receiver 212 on the opposite side, so that the coolant flow pattern in the flow channel 121 along the width direction is monitored, thereby improving the precision and comprehensiveness of the coolant flow pattern monitoring.

[0095] Among them, the same group of ultrasonic transmitters 211 and ultrasonic receivers 212 are located at the same height, which can improve the accuracy of the ultrasonic receiver 212 in receiving the ultrasonic wave signal and reduce the error of the ultrasonic echo signal generated by the ultrasonic transceiver group due to installation errors, thereby improving the precision and comprehensiveness of the coolant flow pattern monitoring.

[0096] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 also includes: a mounting base 213, the mounting base 213 includes a mounting portion 2131, the mounting portion 2131 extends along the height direction of the flow channel 121, and the mounting portion 2131 can extend from one end of the flow channel 121 along the height direction to the other end, so as to facilitate the spaced installation of multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 and ultrasonic receivers 212.

[0097] Exemplarily, the mounting portion 2131 may be a strip-shaped or block-shaped structure extending along the height direction of the flow channel 121 .

[0098] There are two mounting parts 2131 , which are arranged on both sides of the flow channel 121 along the width direction, and the coolant flows between the two mounting parts 2131 . The ultrasonic transmitter 211 and the ultrasonic receiver 212 are respectively arranged in the two mounting parts 2131 .

[0099] Exemplarily, the two mounting portions 2131 may be separate structures, and multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 may be mounted on one mounting portion 2131 to form an assembly, and then the assembly is assembled with the flow channel 121, which can reduce the difficulty of installing multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 on the flow channel 121. Similarly, multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 may be mounted on one mounting portion 2131 to form an assembly, and then the assembly is assembled with the flow channel 121, which can reduce the difficulty of installing multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 on the flow channel 121.

[0100] Exemplarily, the two mounting portions 2131 may be an integral structure, and the mounting seat 213 also includes a connecting portion 2132. The mounting portions 2131 are arranged on both sides of the connecting portion 2132 along the width direction of the flow channel 121. A plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 may be installed on one mounting portion 2131, and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 may be installed on another mounting portion 2131. The plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211, the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212, and the mounting seat 213 may form an assembly, which is then assembled with the flow channel 121. This may further reduce the difficulty of installing the plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 and the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 on the flow channel 121.

[0101] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the cold plate body 1 may have an opening, and the opening may be located on the heat exchange surface of the cold plate body 1 or on the other side of the cold plate body 1 .

[0102] The opening is communicated with the flow channel 121 , the mounting seat 213 is used to be inserted from the opening and the mounting portion 2131 extends toward the inside of the flow channel 121 , and the connecting portion 2132 is disposed at the opening to close the opening, thereby reducing the leakage of the coolant in the flow channel 121 from the opening.

[0103] In this embodiment, by providing the opening, the assembly of the mounting seat 213 and the flow channel 121 can be facilitated, thereby reducing the difficulty of installation.

[0104] In some embodiments, the opening can be sealed and connected to the connection portion 2132. For example, the wall of the opening can be welded to the connection portion 2132, or a sealing device is provided in the sealing gap between the opening and the connection portion 2132, such as a sealing gasket or a labyrinth seal. The welding area 13 is as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0105] In some embodiments, the flow channel 121 may include multiple flow channels 121, and each of the multiple flow channels 121 may be provided with an ultrasonic device 2 to perform all-round monitoring of the flow patterns of the multiple flow channels 121, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring.

[0106] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the cold plate body 1 may include a temperature averaging plate 11 and a flow channel plate 12. The temperature averaging plate 11 is used to exchange heat with the battery. A plurality of flow channel grooves are formed on the flow channel plate 12. The temperature averaging plate 11 is covered on the flow channel plate 12 to form a flow channel 121. The coolant flows into the cold plate 10 through the water inlet pipe 31, and then circulates inside the flow channel 121.

[0107] The temperature averaging plate 11 and the flow channel plate 12 may be sealed and connected. For example, the temperature averaging plate 11 and the flow channel plate 12 may be welded and connected to form a complete cooling unit.

[0108] The temperature averaging plate 11 may have an opening, and the temperature averaging plate 11 may be a flat plate structure. The temperature averaging plate 11 is arranged at the opening for easy processing.

[0109] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel 121 may include multiple groups, each group includes at least one branch flow channel, and when a group includes multiple branch flow channels, the multiple branch flow channels are connected in parallel.

[0110] At least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2, one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2; or, multiple branch flow channels in each group are provided with an ultrasonic device 2; or, each branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2.

[0111] In this embodiment, since the flow patterns of multiple branch flow channels connected in parallel are similar, at least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with an ultrasonic device 2, which not only improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring, but also reduces the number of ultrasonic devices 2 used, reduces costs, and reduces the amount of data processed.

[0112] The embodiment of the present application further provides a monitoring device, including: an ultrasonic device 2 , a signal transmitter 41 , a signal amplifier and filter 42 , and a controller 43 .

[0113] The ultrasonic device 2 may be disposed in the flow channel 121 formed by the cold plate body 1 , and the ultrasonic device 2 is used to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel 121 .

[0114] The ultrasonic device 2 includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212 . The ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used to transmit ultrasonic signals into the flow channel 121 , and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used to receive ultrasonic signals and form ultrasonic echo signals.

[0115] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and is used to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 . The first instruction is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to transmit an ultrasonic signal.

[0116] Exemplarily, the signal transmitter 41 may be a pulse generator capable of generating electrical pulses of specific frequency and width.

[0117] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver 212 , and is used to receive the ultrasonic echo signal emitted by the ultrasonic receiver 212 , and to amplify and filter the received ultrasonic echo signal to remove noise and interference.

[0118] The controller 43 is electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41 and the signal amplifier and filter 42 respectively, and is responsible for controlling the trigger signal output frequency of the signal transmitter 41, and receiving and processing the signal output by the signal amplifier and filter 42 to obtain the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel 121.

[0119] During the monitoring process, the signal transmitter 41 can issue a first instruction at a first target time interval, requiring the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to emit an ultrasonic signal. The first target time can be set after calibration and calculation based on the mass flow rate of the water inlet to improve the monitoring device's high-precision monitoring of the coolant fluid flow pattern.

[0120] According to the monitoring device provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting up the ultrasonic device 2, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern distribution of the coolant in the flow channel 121, and can dynamically adjust the flow rate and temperature of the coolant, increase the thickness of the liquid film in the overheating zone, and remove the wavy flow area, which can significantly improve the heat exchange effect of the cold plate 10, so as to improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate 10, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and also providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0121] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic device 2 includes multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel.

[0122] Each ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212 . A plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0123] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 respectively. The multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41 after being connected in parallel, so that the signal transmitter can send the first instruction to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0124] Exemplarily, the signal transmitter may send the first instruction to multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 simultaneously, or may send the first instruction to multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 at intervals of a first target time length, and the specific processing may be performed according to the settings.

[0125] The signal amplifier and filter 42 are electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 respectively, and the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are electrically connected to the signal amplifier and filter 42 after being connected in parallel, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive ultrasonic echo signals sent by the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0126] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a monitoring system, including: a compressor 33 , a condenser 34 and an expansion valve 35 , the cold plate 10 of any of the above embodiments, a signal transmitter 41 , a signal amplifier and filter 42 and a controller 43 .

[0127] The compressor 33, the condenser 34 and the expansion valve 35 connected in sequence and the cold plate 10 as any of the above embodiments,

[0128] Outside the battery device, the coolant flows out through the water outlet pipe 32, enters the compressor 33 for high-pressure treatment, is then cooled by the condenser 34, and the flow rate is adjusted by the expansion valve 35, and finally reaches the water inlet pipe 31. The flow channel 121 of the cold plate 10 is respectively connected to the water outlet pipe 32 and the water inlet pipe 31, thereby forming a circulation of the coolant in the cold plate 10.

[0129] The expansion valve 35 may be an electromagnetic expansion valve 35 .

[0130] The cold plate 10 includes an ultrasonic device 2 . The ultrasonic device 2 can be disposed in a flow channel 121 formed in the cold plate body 1 . The ultrasonic device 2 is used to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel 121 .

[0131] The ultrasonic device 2 includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212 .

[0132] The ultrasonic transmitter 211 is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 , and the ultrasonic receiver 212 is used to receive the ultrasonic signals and form ultrasonic echo signals.

[0133] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and is used to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic transmitter 211 . The first instruction is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to transmit an ultrasonic signal.

[0134] Exemplarily, the signal transmitter 41 may be a pulse generator capable of generating electrical pulses of specific frequency and width.

[0135] The signal amplifier and filter 42 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver 212 , and is used to receive the ultrasonic echo signal emitted by the ultrasonic receiver 212 , and to amplify and filter the received ultrasonic echo signal to remove noise and interference.

[0136] The controller 43 is electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41 , the signal amplifier and filter 42 , the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 , respectively.

[0137] The controller 43 is responsible for controlling the entire monitoring system, including the opening and closing of the compressor 33, the opening adjustment of the expansion valve 35, the sending frequency of the first instruction of the signal transmitter 41, and the flow type judgment based on the signal amplification and the processing results of the filter 42.

[0138] The signal transmitter 41 is connected to the ultrasonic device 2. Each ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212. The controller 43 transmits an ultrasonic signal through the ultrasonic transmitter 211 and receives an ultrasonic echo signal after the ultrasonic signal echo arrives to realize real-time monitoring of the flow pattern.

[0139] During the monitoring process, the signal transmitter 41 can issue instructions at intervals of a first target duration, requiring the ultrasonic transmitter 211 to emit an ultrasonic signal. The first target duration can be set after calibration and calculation based on the mass flow rate of the water inlet to improve the monitoring device's high-precision monitoring of the coolant fluid flow pattern.

[0140] According to the monitoring system provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting up an ultrasonic device 2, the ultrasonic device 2 can monitor the flow pattern distribution of the coolant in the flow channel 121, and can dynamically adjust the flow rate and temperature of the coolant, increase the thickness of the liquid film in the overheating zone, and remove the wavy flow area. The heat exchange effect of the cold plate 10 can be significantly improved to improve the reliability and efficiency of the cold plate 10, thereby improving the intelligence and efficiency of the battery cooling, and also providing necessary support for the safety of the battery.

[0141] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic device 2 includes multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups are connected in parallel.

[0142] Each ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212 . A plurality of ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0143] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 respectively. The multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41 after being connected in parallel, so that the signal transmitter can send the first instruction to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0144] Exemplarily, the signal transmitter may send the first instruction to multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 simultaneously, or may send the first instruction to multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 at intervals of a first target time length, and the specific processing may be performed according to the settings.

[0145] The signal amplifier and filter 42 are electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 respectively, and the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are electrically connected to the signal amplifier and filter 42 after being connected in parallel, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive ultrasonic echo signals sent by the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0146] like Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides a monitoring method of a monitoring system based on any of the above embodiments, including: step 100, step 200, step 300, step 400 and step 500.

[0147] Step 100 , the controller 43 controls the signal transmitter 41 to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic device 2 at a first target time interval.

[0148] Among them, the first target duration is a set value, and the first target duration can be set after calibration and calculation based on the mass flow rate of the water inlet. The signal transmitter 41 drives the ultrasonic device 2 to emit an ultrasonic signal at every first target duration, which can reduce the interference of ultrasonic signals emitted by the ultrasonic device 2 twice in a row, so as to improve the monitoring device's high-precision monitoring of the coolant fluid flow type.

[0149] The first instruction is used to drive the ultrasonic transmitter 211 of the ultrasonic device 2 to transmit an ultrasonic signal.

[0150] In step 200 , the ultrasonic device 2 transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 based on a first instruction and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals.

[0151] The ultrasonic transmitter 211 transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel 121 based on the first instruction, and the ultrasonic receiver 212 transmits an ultrasonic echo signal to the signal amplifier and filter 42 after receiving the ultrasonic signal.

[0152] In step 200, the ultrasonic device 2 transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel 121 based on the first instruction, including:

[0153] The multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 in the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups all transmit ultrasonic signals, and at the same time only one of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel 121, and the interval between two adjacent ultrasonic signals is the second target time length.

[0154] In this step, one of the plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel 121 at the same time, and two adjacent ultrasonic transceiver groups transmit ultrasonic signals to the flow channel 121 at an interval of the second target time length.

[0155] In other words, the number of ultrasonic transceiver groups is consistent with the number of times the ultrasonic signals are transmitted, and the time interval between the transmission of two adjacent ultrasonic signals is the second target time length.

[0156] Among them, the second target duration is less than the first target duration, the second target duration is a set value, and the sum of the N-1 second target durations used by the N groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups to transmit ultrasonic signals N times is not greater than the first target duration.

[0157] Exemplarily, the ultrasonic device 2 includes three ultrasonic transceiver groups. After receiving the first instruction, the ultrasonic device 2 of a flow channel 121 continuously transmits three ultrasonic signals to detect the flow patterns of the upper, middle and lower parts of the flow channel 121 respectively. The interval between two adjacent transmitted ultrasonic signals is the second target time length, so that during the transmission of the transmitted ultrasonic signal in the liquid medium, after the ultrasonic signal just transmitted is transmitted through the liquid and received, the next pair of ultrasonic signals can be quickly transmitted, thereby reducing the interference of adjacent ultrasonic signals. After each ultrasonic signal is transmitted, an ultrasonic reflection signal is received by the ultrasonic receiver 212.

[0158] In step 300 , the signal amplifier and filter 42 receives a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals and processes the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals.

[0159] The signal amplifier and filter 42 amplifies the multiple ultrasonic echo signals and performs filtering and noise reduction processing.

[0160] The ultrasonic device 2 includes multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups, which are connected in parallel. Each ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter 211 and an ultrasonic receiver 212, and multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are connected in parallel, and multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel.

[0161] The signal transmitter 41 is electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 respectively. The multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211 are electrically connected to the signal transmitter 41 after being connected in parallel, so that the signal transmitter can send the first instruction to the multiple ultrasonic transmitters 211.

[0162] The signal amplifier and filter 42 are electrically connected to the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 respectively. After the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212 are connected in parallel, they are electrically connected to the signal amplifier and filter 42, so that the signal amplifier and filter 42 can receive ultrasonic echo signals sent by the multiple ultrasonic receivers 212. The signal amplifier and filter 42 amplifies the multiple ultrasonic echo signals and performs filtering and noise reduction processing, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0163] In step 400 , the controller 43 obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel 121 based on the signal amplification and the processing result of the filter 42 .

[0164] The processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 are related to the flow condition and gas phase ratio of the coolant, so that the controller 43 can accurately distinguish the fluid state, especially in the judgment of the flow state.

[0165] The flow patterns in the flow channel 121 include bubble-like, flowing liquid film-like, wave-like or mist-like.

[0166] If the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a large range of fluctuations between two measurements (interval of the first target time length), it means that the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is in a fluctuating state; conversely, the two signal fluctuations are small and the gas phase rate is relatively stable, and further judgment is needed.

[0167] In step 500 , the controller 43 controls the operating states of the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 based on the flow pattern.

[0168] The working state of the compressor 33 includes opening and closing, and the working state of the expansion valve 35 includes opening adjustment.

[0169] If the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is wavy or misty, it indicates that the coolant flow in the flow channel 121 is insufficient, and the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 cannot match the cooling capacity required by the battery. The monitoring system will increase the water inlet flow of the cold plate 10, and this operation can be achieved by adjusting the opening of the expansion valve 35 by the controller 43. At this time, the controller 43 can dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature of the water outlet of the cold plate 10 and increase the superheat of the water outlet, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0170] The flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is bubble-like or liquid film-like flow, the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 matches the refrigeration capacity required by the battery, and the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 to maintain the working state at the previous moment.

[0171] In step 500, the controller 43 controls the working state of the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 based on the flow pattern, including:

[0172] When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 is greater than the first threshold, the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 to operate at the first speed, and controls the expansion valve 35 to open at the first opening degree.

[0173] By signal amplification and filter 42 judging multiple ultrasonic echo signals, the gas phase ratio of the fluid can be obtained, and the volatility of the signal can be further analyzed.

[0174] The processing result of the signal amplification and filter 42 is the gas phase rate, and the first threshold is the difference between two adjacent gas phase rates. The first threshold may be a set value.

[0175] In the above steps, the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 is greater than the first threshold value, that is, the calculated values ​​of the gas phase rate of two adjacent times of the signal amplification and filter 42 with an interval of the first target time length show a large range of fluctuations, indicating that the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is in a fluctuating state, and the controller 43 will increase the water inlet flow rate by adjusting the opening of the expansion valve 35. At this time, the controller 43 will dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature of the outlet and increase the outlet superheat, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0176] When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 is not greater than the first threshold, that is, the calculated values ​​of the gas phase rate of two adjacent times of the signal amplification and filter 42 with the first target time interval fluctuate less, indicating that the gas phase rate is relatively stable, the following judgment needs to be made.

[0177] When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 is not greater than the first threshold, and the processing result of the signal amplification and filter 42 is greater than the second threshold, the controller 43 controls the compressor 33 to operate at the second speed, and controls the expansion valve 35 to open at the second opening degree.

[0178] In this step, when the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter 42 is not greater than the first threshold value, that is, the calculated values ​​of the gas phase rate of two adjacent times of the signal amplification and filter 42 with an interval of the first target time length fluctuate less, indicating that the gas phase rate is relatively stable, the signal amplification and filter 42 continues to be compared with the second threshold value for each processing result. When the processing result of the signal amplification and filter 42 is not greater than the second threshold value, it indicates that the flow type is bubble-like or flowing liquid film-like flow, without specifically distinguishing between fine bubble flow, gas plug flow, gas bomb-like or flowing liquid film-like flow, and it is judged that there is no need to regulate the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35; when the processing result of the signal amplification and filter 42 is greater than the second threshold value, it is considered that the flow type is mist flow, and it is judged that regulation is required. At this time, the controller 43 will dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature of the outlet and increase the outlet superheat, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0179] The first rotation speed and the second rotation speed are both preset values, which may be the same or different.

[0180] Among them, the second threshold value α1 represents that the liquid phase volume fraction (1-α1) of the coolant in this area is lower than the requirement of the flowing liquid film. At this time, the wall reaches the critical heat load in the tube, which is also called the liquid-deficient zone in the literature. In order to accurately calculate the second threshold value α1, it can usually be obtained by testing the performance of the coolant (such as R134a or R1234yf) in the direct cooling plate of the current battery device product in the laboratory. Specifically, it is necessary to test the critical heat load of forced boiling in the tube under constant heat flow conditions, and then reverse the dryness (gas phase mass flow ratio) at this time through the critical heat load formula or the saturated steam heat exchange formula, and then convert it to the gas phase volume ratio α1. α1 is mainly affected by the heat generation rate of the battery cell, the diameter of the direct cooling plate, and the mass flow rate in the tube. For the fast charging condition of the battery device, the value is generally between 0.7-0.9.

[0181] The monitoring method provided in this application is described below with a specific process.

[0182] The ultrasonic device 2 includes three groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups, and the multiple groups of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel 121.

[0183] The signal amplifier and filter 42 can obtain the gas phase ratio of the coolant fluid in the flow channel 121 by judging the three pairs of ultrasonic echo signals sent by the ultrasonic transceiver group, and further analyze the volatility of the ultrasonic echo signals.

[0184] When the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows a large range of fluctuations between two measurements (interval of the first target time length), it means that the flow pattern in the flow channel 121 is in a fluctuating state, indicating insufficient flow, and the controller 43 determines that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 need to be regulated.

[0185] When the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows little fluctuation and is relatively stable between two measurements (interval of the first target time length), and the monitoring results of the signal amplification and the filter 42 show that the gas phase rate is lower than the second threshold value α1, it indicates that the flow type is bubble-like or flowing liquid film-like flow, without specifically distinguishing between fine bubble flow, gas plug flow, gas bomb-like or flowing liquid film flow, and it is judged that there is no need to regulate the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35.

[0186] When the calculated value of the gas phase rate shows little fluctuation between two measurements (interval of the first target time length), the gas phase rate is relatively stable, and the signal amplification and filter 42 monitoring results show that the gas phase rate is higher than the second threshold value α1, it is considered that the flow type is mist flow, and the controller 43 determines that the compressor 33 and the expansion valve 35 need to be regulated.

[0187] In terms of flow regulation, if the flow pattern monitored by any flow channel 121 is wavy or misty, it indicates that the flow is insufficient. This is usually because the heating power of the battery increases due to the high charging and discharging current, resulting in the cooling capacity of the cold plate 10 being unable to match the required refrigeration capacity. Therefore, the monitoring system will increase the water inlet flow of the cold plate 10, which can be achieved by adjusting the opening of the expansion valve 35 by the controller 43. At this time, the controller 43 can dynamically adjust the speed of the compressor 33 accordingly to reduce the saturation temperature of the water outlet of the cold plate 10 and increase the superheat of the water outlet, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0188] According to the monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the state of local overheating in the flow channel 121 of the cold plate 10 for a long time due to insufficient liquid phase can be effectively improved. As the battery heating power decreases, the cooling power of the cold plate 10 and the pressure drop of the water inlet and outlet of the cold plate 10 also decrease, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the cold plate 10 and providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of the battery device.

[0189] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0190] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0191] In the description of this application, "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0192] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more.

[0193] In the description of the present application, a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are directly in contact with each other, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact with each other but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween.

[0194] In the description of the present application, “above”, “over” and “above” a first feature to a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0195] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0196] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cold plate, characterized in that: include: The cold plate body forms a flow channel, wherein the flow channel is used for circulating a cooling liquid; An ultrasonic device is arranged in the flow channel and is used to monitor the flow pattern of the coolant in the flow channel.

2. The cold plate according to claim 1, characterized in that The ultrasonic device comprises: A plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the flow channel.

3. The cold plate according to claim 2, characterized in that The ultrasonic transceiver group includes an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the flow channel, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver in the same group are located at the same height.

4. The cold plate according to claim 3, characterized in that The ultrasonic device also includes: The mounting seat comprises a mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion extends along the height direction of the flow channel and is arranged on both sides of the flow channel along the width direction, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are respectively arranged on the two mounting portions.

5. The cold plate according to claim 4, characterized in that The cold plate body has an opening, and the opening is communicated with the flow channel; The mounting seat further includes a connecting portion, which is disposed at the opening to close the opening, and the mounting portions are disposed at both sides of the connecting portion along the width direction of the flow channel.

6. The cold plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The flow channels include a plurality of groups, each group includes at least one branch flow channel, and at least one branch flow channel in each group is provided with the ultrasonic device.

7. A monitoring device, characterized in that: include: An ultrasonic device, arranged in the flow channel formed by the cold plate body, comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter is used to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel, and the ultrasonic receiver is used to receive the ultrasonic signal and form an ultrasonic echo signal; A signal transmitter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter; A signal amplifier and filter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver; The controller is electrically connected to the signal transmitter and the signal amplifier and filter respectively.

8. The monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver; The signal transmitter is electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters respectively; The signal amplifier and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers respectively.

9. A monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve connected in sequence and a cold plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cold plate comprises an ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver; A signal transmitter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter; A signal amplifier and filter, electrically connected to the ultrasonic receiver; The controller is electrically connected to the signal transmitter, the signal amplifier and filter, the compressor and the expansion valve respectively.

10. The monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transceiver groups, each of which comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver; The signal transmitter is electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters respectively; The signal amplifier and filter are electrically connected to the plurality of ultrasonic receivers respectively.

11. A monitoring method based on the monitoring system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: include: The controller controls the signal transmitter to send a first instruction to the ultrasonic device at a first target time interval; The ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel based on the first instruction and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals; The signal amplifier and filter receives the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals and processes the plurality of ultrasonic echo signals; The controller obtains the flow pattern of the flow channel based on the processing results of the signal amplification and the filter; The controller controls the operating states of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern.

12. The monitoring method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device transmits a plurality of ultrasonic signals to the flow channel based on the first instruction and generates a plurality of ultrasonic echo signals, including: Multiple ultrasonic transmitters in the multiple ultrasonic transceiver groups all transmit ultrasonic signals, and at the same time only one of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters transmits an ultrasonic signal to the flow channel, and two adjacent ultrasonic signals are separated by a second target time length.

13. The monitoring method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The controller controls the working state of the compressor and the expansion valve based on the flow pattern, including: When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter is greater than a first threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at a first speed and controls the expansion valve to open at a first opening degree; When the difference between two adjacent processing results of the signal amplification and filter is not greater than the first threshold, and the processing result of the signal amplification and filter is greater than the second threshold, the controller controls the compressor to operate at a second speed and controls the expansion valve to open at a second opening degree.

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