Power system control method based on user side carbon flow tracking

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power control, and discloses an electric power system control method based on user side carbon flow tracking, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: inputting a user day-ahead electric load curve, a carbon intensity curve of each node, a carbon emission price curve and a day-ahead electricity price curve into a user side total energy consumption cost calculation model; through optimization of output and start-stop plans of generator sets in a power system, carbon intensity of each load node, operation states of the generator sets in the power system, carbon emission flow distribution and a power flow tracking matrix are updated; and finding out a generator set output and start-stop plan which meets the constraint of the power system and is output by the minimum user side total energy consumption cost calculation model, and controlling the power system based on the generator set output and start-stop plan. On the basis of ensuring the optimal operation state of the power system and defining the distribution of the carbon emission flow, the comprehensive energy consumption cost of the node power consumer is minimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power control, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change becomes increasingly severe, reducing carbon emissions has become a global consensus. On the user side, that is, the electricity consumption side, achieving carbon flow tracking and optimization control is of great significance to promoting the development of a low-carbon economy. It can not only improve energy efficiency and reduce energy waste, but also reduce users' energy costs, while promoting environmental sustainable development.

[0003] The access of distributed energy will increase the diversity and flexibility of energy use on the user side. The optimization control model based on user-side carbon flow tracking can realize the effective scheduling and management of distributed energy, further improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.

[0004] Current research mainly focuses on how the theory of electricity carbon emission flow affects the operation and planning of the power system, while relatively few studies explore the low-carbon optimization and planning decisions of multiple resources on the power user side under the theoretical framework of electricity carbon flow tracking. In addition, most studies are committed to optimizing the resource allocation on both the power supply and demand sides to achieve the goal of energy conservation and carbon reduction by presetting carbon intensity limits, but few studies consider the carbon reduction effect that can be achieved by power users by actively adjusting their electricity consumption behavior under the demand-side carbon metering system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking, aiming to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking, the method is specifically as follows:

[0007] The user's day-ahead electricity load curve, each node's carbon intensity curve, carbon emission price curve and day-ahead electricity price curve are input into the user-side total energy cost calculation model;

[0008] By optimizing the output and start-stop plan of generator sets in the power system, updating the carbon intensity of each load node, the operating status of each generator set in the power system, the carbon emission flow distribution and the power flow tracking matrix, the output and start-stop plan of generator sets that meet the constraints of the power system and minimize the output of the total energy cost calculation model on the user side are found, and the power system is controlled based on the output and start-stop plan of the generator sets.

[0009] Furthermore, the total cost calculation model of user-side energy consumption is as follows:

[0010] F(C)=(C TP +CO +C aba +C pur )

[0011] Among them, F(C) represents the total energy cost at the user side, C TP is the power generation cost of the thermal power unit, C O is the start-up and shutdown cost of thermal power units, C aba The penalty cost for abandoning electricity generated by renewable energy, C pur Indicates the energy cost on the user side.

[0012] Furthermore, the power generation cost C of the thermal power unit TP It is expressed as:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are the power generation cost coefficients of thermal power units. is the active power output of the nth thermal power unit in period t, N TP is the total number of thermal power units in the power system, and T is the total number of time periods included in a day.

[0015] Furthermore, the start-up and shutdown cost of the generator set C O It is expressed as:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, r t n is the operating status of the nth thermal power unit in period t, is the startup cost of the nth thermal power unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the penalty cost of abandoning electricity from renewable energy generation is C aba It is expressed as:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, k WT , k PV is the power abandonment penalty coefficient of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, represents the abandoned wind power of the mth wind turbine generator set in period t, N represents the abandoned power of the jth photovoltaic generator group in period t, WT is the total number of wind turbines in the power system, N PV is the total number of photovoltaic generators in the power system.

[0021] Furthermore, the user side energy cost C pur It is expressed as:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, α t is the unit electricity price in period t, P t i is the power consumed by the node where the i-th load is located in period t, λ C is the carbon tax, Y t i is the carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in period t, N L is the total number of loads, and the load locations are taken as nodes in the power flow distribution of the power system.

[0024] Furthermore, the power system constraints include: morning power balance constraints at nodes, active power balance constraints of generator sets, wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, and carbon intensity constraints at nodes.

[0025] Furthermore, the active power balance constraints of the generator set, wind turbine generator set and photovoltaic generator are as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, P TP_min , P TP_max are the minimum and maximum outputs allowed by thermal power units, respectively. They are the actual outputs of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators obtained through theoretical calculations.

[0028] Furthermore, the carbon intensity constraint of the i-th node is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, Y t i is the node carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in period t, and N is the number of generator sets in the power system is the total grid-connected power of the hth generator set in the power system during period t, is the carbon emission factor of the hth generator set in the power system, P i t,+ is the injected power of the node where the i-th load is located in the t period, A -1 is the power flow tracking matrix of the power system.

[0031] Furthermore, the power balance constraint of node b is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] in, are the collections of thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic generation units in the power system. and are the sets of connection lines controlling inflow and outflow at node b, are the active power of wind turbine generator set and photovoltaic generator set flowing into the grid during period t, P ab,t , P bd,t are the active power of the input branch of line ab and the active power of the output branch of line bd at time t, respectively. b,t is the load power of node b at time t.

[0034] The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking provided by the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] By optimizing the data such as the output of the generator sets and the start-stop plans, the carbon intensity of each load node, the system operating status, the carbon emission flow distribution and the power flow tracking matrix are obtained. The particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize and solve the optimal solution of the objective function. The carbon emissions generated by power production are converted into indirect electricity costs for power users by levying carbon taxes. This is used as a key signal to guide power users to optimize their energy consumption patterns. Users will transfer their electricity demand from periods of high electricity prices and high carbon prices to periods of low electricity prices and low carbon prices. In this way, the comprehensive energy cost and indirect carbon emissions can be reduced while keeping the total electricity consumption unchanged. That is, the comprehensive energy cost of node power users can be minimized on the basis of ensuring the optimal operating status of the power system and clarifying the distribution of carbon emission flows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A flow chart of a power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart of a power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method is specifically as follows:

[0039] (1) Input the user's day-ahead electricity load curve, each node's carbon intensity curve, carbon emission price curve, and day-ahead electricity price curve into the user-side total energy cost calculation model;

[0040] (2) By optimizing the output and start-stop plans of the generator sets in the power system, the carbon intensity of each load node, the operating status of each generator set in the power system, the carbon emission flow distribution, and the power flow tracking matrix are updated;

[0041] (3) Find the generator output and start-stop plan that meets the power system constraints and minimizes the output of the user-side total energy cost calculation model, and control the power system based on the generator output and start-stop plan to obtain the optimized low-carbon demand response curve of power users.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, a user-side total energy cost minimization objective function based on the carbon-sulfur tracking theory is established, as follows;

[0043] minF(C)=min(C TP +C O +C aba +C pur ) (1)

[0044] Among them, F(C) represents the total energy cost at the user side, C TP is the power generation cost of the thermal power unit, C O is the start-up and shutdown cost of thermal power units, C aba The penalty cost for abandoning electricity generated by renewable energy, C pur Indicates the energy cost on the user side.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the power generation cost C of the thermal power unit TP It is expressed as:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are the power generation cost coefficients of thermal power units. is the active power output of the nth thermal power unit in period t, N TP is the total number of thermal power units in the power system, and T is the total number of time periods included in a day.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the start-stop cost C of the generator set is O It is expressed as:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, r t n is the operating status of the nth thermal power unit in period t, is the startup cost of the nth thermal power unit.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, the power system includes new energy power generation equipment and thermal power generation units, wherein the new energy power generation equipment includes wind power generation units and photovoltaic power generation units, wherein the penalty cost C of the abandoned power generation of new energy power generation is aba It is expressed as:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, k WT , k PV is the power abandonment penalty coefficient of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, represents the abandoned wind power of the mth wind turbine generator set in period t, N represents the abandoned power of the jth photovoltaic generator group in period t, WT is the total number of wind turbines in the power system, N PV is the total number of photovoltaic generators in the power system.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, the user side energy cost C pur It is expressed as:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, α t is the unit electricity price in period t, P t i is the power consumed by the node where the i-th load is located in period t, λ C is the carbon tax, Y t i is the carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in period t, N L is the total number of loads, and the load locations are taken as nodes in the power flow distribution of the power system.

[0057] In this embodiment of the present invention, a power balance constraint for node b is established:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, are the collections of thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic generation units in the power system. and are the sets of connection lines controlling inflow and outflow at node b, are the active power of wind turbine generator set and photovoltaic generator set flowing into the grid during period t, P ab,t , P bd,t are the active power of the input branch of line ab and the active power of the output branch of line bd at time t, respectively. b,t is the load power of node b at time t.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, active power balance constraints of thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic generators are established, specifically as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, P TP_min , P TP_max are the minimum and maximum outputs allowed by thermal power units, respectively. They are the actual outputs of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators obtained through theoretical calculations.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the carbon intensity constraint of the i-th node is established as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, Y t i is the node carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in time period t. The thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic power generation units in the power system are grouped. Each group of generator sets includes thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic generation units. N is the number of generator sets in the power system. h t,G is the total grid-connected power of the hth generator set in the power system during period t, is the carbon emission factor of the hth generator set in the power system, P i t,+ is the injected power of the node where the i-th load is located in the t period, A -1 is the power flow tracking matrix of the power system, a hi is the value of the element in the hth row and ith column in the power flow tracking matrix, which represents the power transmission ratio of the hth generator set to the ith load in the power system. The power flow tracking matrix determines the contribution of each generator set to each load by calculating the power transmission ratio from each power node (generator set) to each load node.

[0066] The present invention has been described exemplarily. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking, characterized in that: The method is specifically as follows: The user's day-ahead electricity load curve, each node's carbon intensity curve, carbon emission price curve and day-ahead electricity price curve are input into the user-side total energy cost calculation model; By optimizing the output and start-stop plan of the generator sets in the power system, the carbon intensity of each load node, the operating status of each generator set in the power system, the carbon emission flow distribution and the power flow tracking matrix are updated; Find the generator output and start-stop plan that meets the power system constraints and minimizes the output of the user-side total energy cost calculation model, and control the power system based on the generator output and start-stop plan.

2. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation model of total energy cost on the user side is as follows: F(C)=(C TP +C O +C aba +C pur ) Among them, F(C) represents the total energy cost at the user side, C TP is the power generation cost of thermal power units, C O is the start-up and shutdown cost of thermal power units, C aba The penalty cost for abandoning electricity generated by renewable energy, C pur Indicates the energy cost on the user side.

3. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The power generation cost of thermal power units C TP It is expressed as: Among them, k1, k2, and k3 are the power generation cost coefficients of thermal power units. is the active power output of the nth thermal power unit in period t, N TP is the total number of thermal power units in the power system, and T is the total number of time periods included in a day.

4. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The start-up and shutdown cost of the generator set C O It is expressed as: Among them, r t n is the operating status of the nth thermal power unit in period t, is the startup cost of the nth thermal power unit.

5. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The penalty cost of abandonment of renewable energy power generation C aba It is expressed as: Among them, k WT , k PV is the power abandonment penalty coefficient of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, represents the abandoned wind power of the mth wind turbine generator set in period t, N represents the abandoned power of the jth photovoltaic generator group in period t, WT is the total number of wind turbines in the power system, N PV is the total number of photovoltaic generators in the power system.

6. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Energy cost on the user side C pur It is expressed as: where α t is the unit electricity price in period t, P t i is the power consumed by the node where the i-th load is located in period t, λ C is the carbon tax, Y t i is the carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in period t, N L is the total number of loads, and the load locations are taken as nodes in the power flow distribution of the power system.

7. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: Power system constraints include: node power balance constraints, active power balance constraints of generator sets, wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, and carbon intensity constraints of nodes.

8. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The active power balance constraints of generator sets, wind turbines and photovoltaic generators are as follows: Among them, P TP_min , P TP_max are the minimum and maximum outputs allowed by thermal power units, respectively. They are the actual outputs of wind turbines and photovoltaic generators obtained through theoretical calculations.

9. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The carbon intensity constraint of the i-th node is as follows: Among them, Y t i is the node carbon intensity of the node where the i-th load is located in period t, and N is the number of generator sets in the power system is the total grid-connected power of the hth generator set in the power system during period t, is the carbon emission factor of the hth generator set in the power system, P i t,+ A is the injected power of the node where the i-th load is located in the t period, -1 is the power flow tracking matrix of the power system.

10. The power system control method based on user-side carbon flow tracking according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power balance constraints of node b are as follows: in, are the collections of thermal power generation units, wind power generation units and photovoltaic generation units in the power system. and are the sets of connection lines controlling inflow and outflow at node b, are the active power of wind turbine generator set and photovoltaic generator set flowing into the grid during period t, P ab,t , P bd,t are the active power of the input branch of line ab and the active power of the output branch of line bd at time t, respectively. b,t is the load power of node b at time t.

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