Preparation method and application of water photovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of green energy power generation, and discloses a preparation method and application of a plasmon effect enhanced photovoltaic power generation device.The preparation method comprises the steps that a conductive substrate material is evenly dispersed in a solvent and then treated with a reducing agent to form substrate ink; the base material ink is prepared into a three-dimensional structure with pores by utilizing an additive and subtractive material technology, and a stable substrate material is formed through high-temperature treatment; and immersing the stable substrate material in a plasmon metal solution for a first preset time, taking out the substrate material, immersing the substrate material in a reducing agent solution for a second preset time, taking out the substrate material, and curing the substrate material by using an additive and subtractive material technology to form the water photovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect. According to the preparation method, a three-dimensional block device with an interface pore structure is constructed through an additive and subtractive material technology, the light absorption capacity is improved, the utilization rate of light energy is improved through plasmon nanoparticles, the interface temperature of the device is increased, extra carriers are provided for the power generation process, and the output power of the device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect, belonging to the technical field of green energy power generation. Background Art

[0002] The collection and utilization of environmental thermal energy is an important means to develop new clean energy. Among them, hydrovoltaic power generation technology uses the principle that liquid absorbs environmental heat and evaporates at the interface to generate charge accumulation. It has the advantages of being green, self-driven, and having a wide range of application scenarios. At present, hydrovoltaic device materials have developed to include conductors or semiconductor materials such as carbon materials and oxides; however, the performance of devices constructed with these materials is generally low, especially the extremely low output current does not meet the requirements of actual production and life.

[0003] Through technologies such as volume heating and environmental convection control, the speed of liquid movement in hydrovoltaic devices and evaporation at the interface can be greatly increased, thereby increasing the output current of the device; however, these methods require additional equipment and power input, which greatly reduces the production efficiency. As a clean energy source, solar energy can act on the surface of materials in the form of light radiation, increase the temperature of the device evaporation interface, and then increase the evaporation rate to improve the performance of hydrovoltaic devices.

[0004] However, the absorbance of the interface of the current hydrovoltaic device is limited and cannot fully utilize the light energy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical means to improve the interface light energy utilization rate of the hydrovoltaic device and further improve the output performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and application of a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect, which can solve the problems of insufficient light energy utilization and poor hydrovoltaic output current performance of the hydrovoltaic device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect, comprising: The conductive base material is uniformly dispersed in a solvent and then treated with a reducing agent to form a base ink; The substrate ink is prepared into a three-dimensional structure with pores using additive and subtractive technology, and a stable base material is formed through high-temperature treatment; The stable base material is immersed in a plasmon metal solution for a first preset time and then taken out, then immersed in a reducing agent solution for a second preset time and then taken out, and solidified using additive and subtractive material technology to form a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, further, the conductive base material includes one or more combinations of carbon materials, oxides, and organic conductive materials.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, further, the solvent used to disperse the conductive base material is acetone or ethanol.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, further, the reducing agent includes one or more combinations of sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, lithium aluminum tetrahydride, and ammonium sulfide, and the concentration of the reducing agent is 0.001 mmol / L~5 mol / L.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, further, the additive and subtractive technologies include 3D printing technology, reverse molding technology or freeze casting technology.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, further, the temperature range of the high temperature treatment is 200°C~1400°C, the heating rate of the high temperature treatment is 0.1°C / min~10°C / min, and the time of the high temperature treatment is 0.5h~10h.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, further, the plasmon metal solution includes one or more combinations of a metal salt solution and a metal coordination acid solution, and the concentration of the plasmon metal solution is 0.001 mmol / L to 10 mol / L.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect prepared by the preparation method as described in any one of the first aspects in the field of power generation, wherein one end of the hydrovoltaic power generation device is placed in a liquid, the liquid evaporates through the hydrovoltaic power generation device under application environment conditions, an electric potential is generated at both ends of the hydrovoltaic power generation device, and current is generated in the hydrovoltaic power generation device.

[0014] In combination with the second aspect, further, the liquid used to place the hydrovoltaic power generation device includes one or more combinations of organic liquid, deionized water, aqueous single salt solution, and aqueous multiple salt solutions.

[0015] In combination with the second aspect, further, the application environment conditions include no light conditions and light conditions, and the light intensity is 0.01kW / m 2 ~100kW / m 2 .

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect provided by the present invention has a three-dimensional structure surface prepared by additive and subtractive material technology with a pore-shaped light-trapping structure, which can not only improve the light absorption capacity but also facilitate liquid flow and evaporation; the introduction of plasmon nanoparticles further improves light absorption through the plasmon resonance effect, and increases the carrier concentration of the device, which can achieve a significant breakthrough in the performance of hydrovoltaic current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of testing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a comparison diagram of absorbance with and without gold nanoparticles provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cubic hydrovoltaic power generation device composite of copper nanoparticles, graphene and carbon tubes with a pore interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the relationship between copper particle size and sodium borohydride treatment time provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0019] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0020] The present application provides a method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect, comprising: The conductive base material is uniformly dispersed in a solvent and then treated with a reducing agent to form a base ink; The substrate ink is prepared into a three-dimensional structure with pores using additive and subtractive technology, and a stable base material is formed through high-temperature treatment; The stable base material is immersed in a plasmon metal solution for a first preset time and then taken out, then immersed in a reducing agent solution for a second preset time and then taken out, and solidified using additive and subtractive material technology to form a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect.

[0021] The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect provided in the embodiment of the present application uses a three-dimensional structure surface prepared by additive and subtractive technology to have a pore-shaped light-trapping structure, which can not only improve the light absorption capacity but also facilitate liquid flow and evaporation; the introduction of plasmon nanoparticles further improves light absorption through the plasmon resonance effect, and increases the carrier concentration of the device, which can achieve a significant breakthrough in the performance of hydrovoltaic current.

[0022] In this embodiment, the conductive base material includes one or more combinations of carbon materials, oxides, and organic conductive materials; the solvent used to disperse the conductive base material is acetone or ethanol; the reducing agent includes one or more combinations of sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, lithium aluminum tetrahydride, and ammonium sulfide, and the concentration of the reducing agent is 0.001mmol / L~5mol / L.

[0023] In this embodiment, the additive and subtractive material technology includes 3D printing technology, reverse molding technology or freeze casting technology; the temperature range of high temperature treatment is 200℃~1400℃, the heating rate of high temperature treatment is 0.1℃ / min~10℃ / min, and the time of high temperature treatment is 0.5h~10h.

[0024] In this embodiment, the plasmon metal solution includes one or more combinations of a metal salt solution and a metal coordination acid solution, and the concentration of the plasmon metal solution is 0.001 mmol / L to 10 mol / L.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect specifically comprises the following steps: Step A1, preparation of substrate ink: prepare oxidized carbon black in acetone into a dispersion with a concentration of 0.08 mol / mL, measure 50 mL of the oxidized carbon black dispersion, add 20 mL of a 2.6 mol / L sodium borohydride solution, stir evenly, place in a 70°C oven for 2 h, remove the upper clear layer after centrifugation, collect the lower turbid liquid and stir for 2 h, and obtain the oxidized carbon black ink after suction filtration.

[0026] Step A2, preparation of substrate material: using an ink direct writing 3D printer, inject the oxidized carbon black ink prepared in step A1, and print and prepare a 26 mm 3 ~38mm 3 The cubic block was placed in a refrigerator for 48 hours, and then transferred to a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 48 hours to obtain an oxidized carbon black cubic evaporator with a porous interface.

[0027] Step A3, plasmon nano-ion growth: the oxidized carbon black cubic evaporator with a porous interface prepared in step A2 is placed in a 1 mol / L chloroauric acid solution and soaked for 2 hours, taken out and transferred to a 1 mol / L ammonium sulfide solution and soaked for 5 minutes, taken out and frozen in liquid nitrogen for 2 hours, and transferred to a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours to obtain a gold nanoparticle oxidized carbon black cubic hydrovoltaic power generation device with a porous interface.

[0028] Step A4: Hydroelectric power generation application test: Figure 1As shown, a glass slide is covered with carbon glue, the hydrovoltaic power generation device prepared in step A3 is bonded to the carbon glue, and a copper wire is used to lead out as a lower electrode. The whole is placed in a glass surface dish with a diameter of 5 cm, and 20 mL of a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.01 mol / L is injected. A copper electrode wrapped with carbon cloth is placed on the upper layer of the hydrovoltaic device as an upper electrode; the upper and lower electrodes are connected to a current source meter, and a 12 kW / m 2 The simulated light can be used for testing and the output voltage of 0.38V and the output current of 400μA can be measured.

[0029] Comparison of absorbance with and without gold nanoparticles Figure 2 As shown by Figure 2 It can be seen that the absorbance of the hydrovoltaic device increased from 95% before loading to 96%. This shows that the hydrovoltaic device loaded with gold nanoparticles has enhanced its ability to absorb light across the entire spectrum, and can more efficiently utilize solar radiation to improve power generation performance.

[0030] In a possible embodiment, the method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect specifically comprises the following steps: Step B1, preparation of substrate ink: prepare oxidized carbon black in acetone into a dispersion with a concentration of 0.2 mol / mL, measure 50 mL of oxidized carbon black dispersion, add 5 g of silicon oxide powder, stir evenly, add 1 mL of 3.1 mol / L sodium borohydride solution, stir and let stand to obtain silicon oxide carbon black composite ink.

[0031] Step B2, preparation of base material: using the model casting method, inject the silicon oxide carbon black composite ink prepared in step B1, cast and prepare a 0.8 cm high conical structure, place the conical structure in a refrigerator and freeze it for 48 hours, transfer it to a freeze dryer and freeze-dry it for 48 hours, and after inverting the mold, obtain a silicon oxide carbon black composite cubic evaporator with a porous interface.

[0032] Step B3, plasmon nanoparticle growth: the silicon oxide carbon black composite cubic evaporator with a porous interface prepared in step B2 is placed in a 1mmol / L silver chloride solution and soaked for 2 hours, taken out and transferred to a 1.5mol / L ammonium sulfide solution and soaked for 5 minutes, taken out and frozen in liquid nitrogen for 2 hours, and transferred to a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours to obtain a silver nanoparticle silicon oxide carbon black composite cubic hydrovoltaic power generation device with a porous interface.

[0033] Step B4, hydrovoltaic power generation application test: Cover the glass slide with carbon glue, bond the hydrovoltaic power generation device prepared in step B3 to the carbon glue, and use a copper wire to lead out as the lower electrode, place the whole in a glass surface dish with a diameter of 5 cm, inject 20 mL of 0.01 mol / L sodium chloride solution, wrap the copper electrode with carbon cloth and place it on the upper layer of the hydrovoltaic device as the upper electrode; connect the upper and lower electrodes to a current source meter, and apply 12 kW / m above the device. 2 The simulated light can be used for testing and the output voltage of 0.6V and the output current of 600μA can be measured.

[0034] In a possible embodiment, the method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect specifically comprises the following steps: Step C1, preparation of substrate ink: prepare oxidized carbon black in acetone into a dispersion with a concentration of 0.08 mol / mL, measure 50 mL of the oxidized carbon black dispersion, add 20 mL of a 2.6 mol / L sodium borohydride solution, stir evenly, place in a 70°C oven for 2 h, remove the upper clear layer after centrifugation, collect the lower turbid liquid and stir for 2 h, and obtain the oxidized carbon black ink after suction filtration.

[0035] Step C2, preparation of base material: casting the oxidized carbon black ink prepared in step C1 into a block, and constructing a grid-like vertical block structure by laser engraving to obtain an oxidized carbon black cubic evaporator.

[0036] Step C3, plasmon nanoparticle growth: The oxidized carbon black cubic evaporator prepared in step C2 is placed in a 1mmol / L copper sulfate solution and soaked for 1 hour, taken out and transferred to a 5mol / L ammonium sulfide solution and soaked for 3 minutes, taken out and frozen in liquid nitrogen for 2 hours, and transferred to a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24 hours to obtain Figure 3 The cubic hydrovoltaic power generation device shown has a copper nanoparticle graphene carbon tube composite with a pore interface.

[0037] Step C4, hydrovoltaic power generation application test: Cover the glass slide with carbon glue, bond the hydrovoltaic power generation device prepared in step A3 to the carbon glue, and use a copper wire to lead out as the lower electrode, place the whole in a glass surface dish with a diameter of 5 cm, inject 20 mL of 0.01 mol / L sodium chloride solution, wrap the copper electrode with carbon cloth and place it on the upper layer of the hydrovoltaic device as the upper electrode; connect the upper and lower electrodes to a current source meter, and apply 12 kW / m above the device. 2 The simulated light can be used for testing and the output voltage of 0.3V and the output current of 210μA can be measured.

[0038] The relationship between the size of copper nanoparticles and the sodium borohydride treatment time is as follows Figure 4 As shown by Figure 4It can be seen that as the immersion time of the evaporator in the copper sulfate solution increases, the size of the copper nanoparticles gradually increases, which reflects the characteristic that the technical solution of the present application can adjust the size of the nanoparticles.

[0039] An embodiment of the present application provides an application of a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect prepared by a method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect as provided in any embodiment of the present application in the field of power generation, wherein one end of the hydrovoltaic power generation device is placed in a liquid, the liquid evaporates through the hydrovoltaic power generation device under application environment conditions, an electric potential is generated at both ends of the hydrovoltaic power generation device, and current is generated in the hydrovoltaic power generation device.

[0040] In this embodiment, the liquid used to place the hydrovoltaic power generation device includes one or more combinations of organic liquid, deionized water, aqueous single salt solution, and aqueous multiple salt solutions; the application environment conditions include no light conditions and light conditions, and the light intensity is 0.01kW / m 2 ~100kW / m 2 .

[0041] The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect, characterized in that: include: The conductive base material is uniformly dispersed in a solvent and then treated with a reducing agent to form a base ink; The substrate ink is prepared into a three-dimensional structure with pores using additive and subtractive technology, and a stable base material is formed through high-temperature treatment; The stable base material is immersed in a plasmon metal solution for a first preset time and then taken out, then immersed in a reducing agent solution for a second preset time and then taken out, and solidified using additive and subtractive material technology to form a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect.

2. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive base material includes one or more combinations of carbon materials, oxides, and organic conductive materials.

3. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: Acetone or ethanol is used as a solvent for dispersing the conductive base material.

4. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducing agent includes one or more combinations of sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, lithium aluminum tetrahydride, and ammonium sulfide, and the concentration of the reducing agent is 0.001 mmol / L~5 mol / L.

5. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: Additive and subtractive technologies include 3D printing, reverse casting or freeze casting.

6. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature range of the high temperature treatment is 200°C~1400°C, the heating rate of the high temperature treatment is 0.1°C / min~10°C / min, and the time of the high temperature treatment is 0.5h~10h.

7. The method for preparing a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasmon metal solution includes one or more combinations of a metal salt solution and a metal coordination acid solution. The concentration of the plasmon metal solution is 0.001 mmol / L to 10 mol / L.

8. An application of a hydrovoltaic power generation device with enhanced plasmon effect prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the field of power generation, characterized in that: One end of the hydrovoltaic power generation device is placed in liquid, and the liquid evaporates through the hydrovoltaic power generation device under application environment conditions, generating electric potential at both ends of the hydrovoltaic power generation device, and generating current in the hydrovoltaic power generation device.

9. The use of the plasmon effect enhanced hydrovoltaic power generation device according to claim 8 in the field of power generation, characterized in that: The liquid used for placing the hydrovoltaic power generation device includes one or more combinations of organic liquid, deionized water, aqueous single salt solution, and aqueous multiple salt solutions.

10. The use of the plasmon effect enhanced hydrovoltaic power generation device according to claim 8 in the field of power generation, characterized in that: The application environment conditions include no light conditions and light conditions, and the light intensity is 0.01kW / m 2 ~100kW / m 2 .

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