Quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting

Abstract

The invention discloses quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting, and relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation and fertilization, the quantitative fertilization equipment comprises a bottom plate, a fertilization assembly, a switching assembly and a moving mechanism, and the fertilization assembly comprises an adjusting mechanism for controlling single irrigation amount and a quantitative mechanism for realizing quantitative discharge of water and fertilizer. By arranging the adjusting mechanism, the irrigation amount of single-time water and fertilizer can be freely added in the process of quantitatively applying the water and fertilizer, so that the fertilization requirements of different crops are met, and the application scene of the equipment is widened; by arranging the switching assembly, the spray head is stored and protected while the roots of crops are accurately irrigated, so that the situation that liquid outlet is blocked due to the fact that the spray head adheres to soil in the equipment moving process is avoided; by arranging the moving mechanism, the root of the crop is limited and guided while the equipment freely moves at all angles, and the irrigation angle deviation caused by crop inclination is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation and fertilization, in particular to quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting. Background Art

[0002] In modern agriculture, reasonable fertilization is a key factor in increasing crop yields and ensuring crop quality. However, traditional fertilization methods usually rely on manual operation or simple mechanical equipment, which leads to problems such as uneven fertilization, fertilizer waste, and environmental pollution. In addition, traditional fertilization methods lack dynamic monitoring and adjustment of changes in soil and crop demand, and cannot achieve accurate fertilizer delivery.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with publication number CN117242971B includes a bottom box and a top box; the top box is also provided with a measuring mechanism, the measuring mechanism includes a measuring cylinder group, the measuring cylinder group is fixedly mounted on the inner cavity top plate of the top box; the measuring cylinder group is provided with a plurality of single cylinders; each of the single cylinders is provided with a piston block, the piston block is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a liquid outlet check valve; the measuring mechanism also includes a liquid inlet pipe, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the top inner cavity of the single cylinder, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the inner cavity of one end of the cylinder body, the inner cavity of one end of the cylinder body is also connected to a liquid extraction pipe, the other end of the liquid extraction pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the bottom box, and the liquid extraction pipe is also provided with a liquid extraction check valve. The above patent can realize the quantitative fertilization process of the measuring mechanism, and will not cause the occurrence of too little or too much fertilization, reducing the impact on crop growth.

[0004] However, the single irrigation volume in the above patent is fixed to the capacity of the metering plate, and different crops have different demands for water and fertilizer, which makes it difficult for the above patent to personalize the irrigation volume for different crops, thereby limiting the plant adaptability of the equipment; on the other hand, in the process of fertilizing through the fertilizer nozzle in the above patent, due to the high position of the fertilizer nozzle, the sprayed water and fertilizer are easy to adhere to the surface of the crop leaves, thereby increasing the risk of diseases and pests. At the same time, the coverage area of ​​sprinkler irrigation is large, the proportion of water and fertilizer at the roots of the crop is small, and there will be evaporation and wind-blown water droplets, resulting in low water and fertilizer utilization. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting, which has the advantages of adjusting the irrigation amount and precise fertilization, and solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting, comprising a base plate, a fertilization assembly, a switching assembly and a moving mechanism, wherein two base plates are provided and symmetrically placed, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate, a limiting rod 1 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame, a limiting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate, a fixing rod 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate, a fixing rod 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame, two support frames are fixedly connected to the top of the right base plate and the other ends of the two support frames are fixedly connected to the side of the fixing rod 2, a support rod is fixedly connected between the two support frames, and the tops of the two base plates are fixedly connected to the same handrail; The fertilization assembly includes an adjustment mechanism for controlling a single irrigation amount and a quantitative mechanism for achieving quantitative discharge of water and fertilizer, the adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor, and the quantitative mechanism includes a water tank fixedly connected to one side of a top end of a fixed rod; The switching assembly includes a driving shaft 2 which penetrates and is rotationally connected with a limiting rod 1, and a nozzle which is connected with a quantitative mechanism to complete the fertilization process.

[0007] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a guide ring that passes through and is rotatably limited inside the lower surfaces of the two base plates, two connecting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom end of each of the guide rings, and a positioning shaft is passed through and rotatably limited at the bottom end of the connecting rods at the same position, and a traveling wheel is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the middle section of the positioning shaft, and the traveling sides of the two base plates are arranged as an arc-shaped structure that converges toward the middle.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to a driving shaft 1 and the driving shaft 1 passes through a fixed rod 2, the other end of the driving shaft 1 is fixedly connected to a driving disk, the other side of the driving disk is fixedly connected to a guide rail, a slider is slidably connected to the inner contour of the guide rail, an adjusting screw is passed through and screwed to the slider, the top of the adjusting screw passes through the guide rail and extends outward and is fixedly connected to a knob, positioning rings are fixedly connected to the outer contour of the adjusting screw at positions on the upper and lower sides of the top of the guide rail, the side of the slider away from the guide rail is fixedly connected to a driven disk, the outer periphery of the other side of the driven disk is slidably connected to a transmission pin, and the other end of the transmission pin passes through a lifting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom end of the water tank is connected to a guide tube, the other end of the guide tube is connected to a temporary storage tube and the temporary storage tube is fixedly connected to the second fixed rod, a piston is slidably provided on the inner contour of the temporary storage tube and the top end of the piston is fixedly connected to the lifting rod, the bottom end of the temporary storage tube is connected to a liquid outlet pipe and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the nozzle.

[0010] Preferably, the guide pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are both provided with a one-way valve for limiting the flow direction of water and fertilizer.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the driving shaft 2 is fixedly connected with a toothed disc, the side of the upper surface of the toothed disc away from the limiting rod 1 is fixedly connected with collector 1, the outer contour of the support rod is fixedly connected with collector 2 at a position corresponding to collector 1, the lower surface of the toothed disc is fixedly connected with a positioning rod on the side close to the limiting rod 1, and the outer periphery of the lower surface of the toothed disc is meshed and connected with a transmission gear in a one-to-one transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the driving shaft 2 is driven by an external motor and the collector 1 and the collector 2 together serve as triggers of the external motor. A pressure sensor is provided on the side of the limit rod 1 and the sensor is connected to the driving motor signal.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the nozzle, the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to a transmission roller 1 and the transmission roller 1 is limited and rotatably connected to the inner contour of the positioning rod, the transmission roller 1 is penetrated by and slidably connected with multiple transmission rods 1, the other end of each of the transmission rods 1 is fixedly connected to a universal joint, the other end of each of the universal joints is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 2, the other ends of the transmission rods 2 are commonly penetrated and slidably connected with the same transmission roller 2, the transmission roller 2 is limited and rotatably connected to the inner contour of the limiting rod 2 and the transmission roller 2 is penetrated and fixedly connected to the transmission gear.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides an adjustment mechanism, and can freely add a single irrigation amount of water and fertilizer in the process of realizing the quantitative application of water and fertilizer, so as to meet the fertilization needs of different types of crops and thus broaden the applicable scenarios of the equipment.

[0015] 2. The present invention provides a switching component to store and protect the nozzle while accurately irrigating the roots of crops, so as to avoid the nozzle adhering to mud and causing obstruction of liquid discharge during the movement of the equipment.

[0016] 3. The present invention provides a moving mechanism to realize the free movement of the equipment at various angles while limiting and guiding the roots of crops to avoid irrigation angle deviation caused by crop tilting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the framework of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the regulating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the quantitative mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the position relationship of the switching components of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the mobile mechanism of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a partial schematic diagram of the switching component of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 11, fixing frame; 12, limit rod 1; 13, limit rod 2; 14, fixing rod 1; 15, fixing rod 2; 16, support frame; 17, support rod; 18, handrail; 2, guide ring; 21, connecting rod; 22, positioning shaft; 23, traveling wheel; 3, driving motor; 31, driving shaft 1; 32, driving disk; 33, guide rail; 34, slider; 35, adjusting screw; 36, positioning ring; 37, knob; 38. Driven plate; 39. Transmission pin; 310. Lifting rod; 4. Water tank; 41. Diversion tube; 42. Temporary storage tube; 43. Piston; 44. Liquid outlet pipe; 5. Nozzle; 51. Connecting shaft; 52. Transmission roller 1; 53. Transmission rod 1; 54. Universal joint; 55. Transmission rod 2; 56. Transmission roller 2; 6. Drive shaft 2; 61. Toothed disc; 62. Collector 1; 63. Collector 2; 64. Positioning rod; 65. Transmission gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] For example, see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a quantitative fertilization device for agricultural planting, comprising a base plate 1, a fertilization component, a switching component and a moving mechanism, wherein two base plates 1 are provided and symmetrically placed, a fixing frame 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate 1, a limiting rod 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame 11, a limiting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate 1, a fixing rod 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the left base plate 1, a fixing rod 2 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame 11, two supporting frames 16 are fixedly connected to the top of the right base plate 1, and the other ends of the two supporting frames 16 are fixedly connected to the side of the fixing rod 2 15, a supporting rod 17 is fixedly connected between the two supporting frames 16, and the tops of the two base plates 1 are fixedly connected to the same handrail 18; The fertilization assembly includes an adjustment mechanism for controlling the single irrigation amount and a quantitative mechanism for achieving quantitative discharge of water and fertilizer, the adjustment mechanism includes a drive motor 3, and the quantitative mechanism includes a water tank 4 fixedly connected to one side of the top end of a fixed rod 14; The switching assembly includes a driving shaft 2 6 that penetrates and is rotationally connected to a limiting rod 12, and a nozzle 5 that is connected to a quantitative mechanism to complete the fertilization process.

[0021] In this device, personnel drive the base plate 1 and the device as a whole to move by pushing and pulling the handrail 18. During the movement, the angle of the force applied to the handrail 18 is controlled to cooperate with the moving mechanism to achieve control and adjustment of the travel direction of the device.

[0022] During the movement of the equipment, the switching component automatically collects and analyzes image data. When the equipment moves to the location to be irrigated, the switching component collects image data of the crop roots and starts working. The switching component further unfolds the nozzle and adjusts its angle to align with the plant roots. At this time, the fertilization component starts working and completes the water and fertilizer spraying irrigation operation.

[0023] It should be noted that during the water and fertilizer irrigation process, the quantitative mechanism continuously sucks and discharges water and fertilizer. Since the single movement stroke of the quantitative mechanism is the same, that is, the amount of water and fertilizer sucked and discharged by the quantitative mechanism is the same, the amount of water and fertilizer per irrigation per unit time in the irrigation operation of the equipment is ensured to remain constant.

[0024] Furthermore, in application scenarios for different types of crops, personnel can adjust the maximum single movement stroke of the quantitative mechanism by controlling the adjustment mechanism. At this time, due to the change in the single movement stroke of the quantitative mechanism, the corresponding amount of water and fertilizer sucked and discharged changes accordingly, thereby realizing the free control of the irrigation amount by the equipment.

[0025] In the frame structure of the equipment, the fixed frame 11 provides support for the limit rod 1 12 and the fixed rod 2 15, the fixed rod 14 and the fixed rod 2 15 jointly provide support for the quantitative mechanism, the support frame 16 and the armrest 18 jointly lock the distance and balance state of the two base plates 1, and the support rod 17 further maintains the stability of the image acquisition work of the switching component, and the limit rod 12 and the limit rod 2 13 jointly limit the movement of the switching component to ensure the smooth development of the switching work.

[0026] For example 2, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8This embodiment is further described on the basis of the first embodiment: the moving mechanism includes a guide ring 2 which passes through and is limitedly rotatably connected to the inner part of the lower surface of the two bottom plates 1, and the bottom end of each of the guide rings 2 is fixedly connected to two connecting rods 21, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 21 at the same position passes through and is limitedly rotatably connected to a positioning shaft 22, and a traveling wheel 23 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the middle section of the positioning shaft 22, and the traveling sides of the two bottom plates 1 are both arranged as an arc-shaped structure that converges toward the middle.

[0027] When a person pushes and pulls the handrail 18 to control the movement of the equipment, the traveling wheel 23 continuously rolls on the ground to reduce the friction between the equipment and the ground. Due to the limited rotation connection between the guide ring 2 and the base plate 1, the orientation of the guide ring 2, the connecting rod 21, the positioning shaft 22 and the traveling wheel 23 can be freely adjusted; when the travel direction of the equipment needs to be adjusted, the person changes the angle of the force applied to the handrail 18. At this time, the guide ring 2 and the base plate 1 rotate, and the connecting rod 21, the positioning shaft 22 and the traveling wheel 23 rotate synchronously to ensure that the traveling wheel 23 is always consistent with the travel direction, thereby realizing the free movement function of the equipment.

[0028] On the other hand, when the equipment moves along the direction of crop planting, the two bottom plates 1 are respectively located on both sides of the crop. When the equipment reaches the root position of the crop, the rhizomes of the prone crop are tilted and come into compression contact with the curved surface of one of the bottom plates 1. At this time, the bottom plate 1 at the corresponding position is squeezed and drives the traveling wheel 23 to deflect, thereby always maintaining the positions of the two bottom plates 1 on both sides of the crop, thereby ensuring that the switching component can accurately align the nozzle with the root of the crop to improve the quality of the irrigation operation.

[0029] For example 3, please refer to Figure 4-Figure 6 , this embodiment is further explained on the basis of the second embodiment: one end of the driving motor 3 is fixedly connected to a driving shaft 1 31 and the driving shaft 1 31 passes through a fixed rod 2 15, the other end of the driving shaft 1 31 is fixedly connected to a driving disk 32, the other side of the driving disk 32 is fixedly connected to a guide rail 33, a slider 34 is slidably connected to the inner contour of the guide rail 33, an adjusting screw 35 is passed through and screwed to the slider 34, the top of the adjusting screw 35 passes through the guide rail 33 and extends outwardly and is fixedly connected to a knob 37, and positioning rings 36 are fixedly connected to the outer contour of the adjusting screw 35 at positions on the upper and lower sides of the top of the guide rail 33, a driven disk 38 is fixedly connected to the side of the slider 34 away from the guide rail 33, a transmission pin 39 is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the other side of the driven disk 38, and a lifting rod 310 is passed through the other end of the transmission pin 39.

[0030] The bottom end of the water tank 4 is connected to a guide tube 41, the other end of the guide tube 41 is connected to a temporary storage tube 42 and the temporary storage tube 42 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 15, a piston 43 is slidably provided on the inner contour of the temporary storage tube 42 and the top end of the piston 43 is fixedly connected to the lifting rod 310, the bottom end of the temporary storage tube 42 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 44 and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe 44 is connected to the nozzle 5.

[0031] The guide pipe 41 and the liquid outlet pipe 44 are both provided with a one-way valve for limiting the flow direction of water and fertilizer.

[0032] During the irrigation operation of the equipment, the driving motor 3 drives the driving shaft 31 and the driving disk 32 to rotate coaxially. At this time, the guide rail 33 further drives the slider 34 and the driven disk 38 to rotate synchronously. However, since the slider 34 is not in the middle position of the guide rail 33, the rotation process of the slider 34 and the driven disk 38 at this time is an orbital motion around the center of the driving disk 32; further, the orbital motion of the driven disk 38 tends to drive the transmission pin 39 to move synchronously, and the transmission pin 39 is connected to the lifting rod 310 in transmission. The lifting rod 310 is restricted by the quantitative mechanism and can only move up and down, thereby causing the revolution of the driven disk 38 to drive the transmission pin 39 and the lifting rod 310 to reciprocate up and down.

[0033] Furthermore, the lifting rod 310 drives the piston 43 to synchronously reciprocate up and down inside the temporary storage tube 42. Along with the movement of the piston 43, the space inside the temporary storage tube 42 is continuously compressed and released; when the piston 43 rises, the space inside the temporary storage tube 42 increases. At this time, the water and fertilizer in the water tank 4 are sucked into the temporary storage tube 42 through the guide tube 41. When the piston 43 descends, the space inside the temporary storage tube 42 is gradually compressed and the water and fertilizer in the temporary storage tube 42 are discharged into the liquid outlet pipe 44 and then sprayed out through the switching component to complete the irrigation operation.

[0034] It should be noted that, since the orbital radius of the driven disk 38 is constant, that is, the stroke of the piston 43 driven by the transmission pin 39 and the lifting rod 310 to reciprocate up and down each time is constant, that is, the maximum stroke of the piston 43 rising and falling each time during the irrigation operation is the same, so that the amount of water and fertilizer sucked by the temporary storage tube 42 through the guide tube 41 each time and the amount of water and fertilizer discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 44 are the same, so that the equipment can always maintain the balance of water and fertilizer during the irrigation operation, thereby avoiding uneven distribution of water and fertilizer in the crop area due to errors in manual irrigation.

[0035] On the other hand, different types of crops require different amounts of water and fertilizer irrigation. At this time, the operator turns the knob 37, the adjusting screw 35 and the positioning ring 36 rotate synchronously, and the slider 34 cannot rotate due to the restriction of the guide rail 33. Furthermore, the slider 34 changes position due to the screw connection between it and the adjusting screw 35. When the slider 34 gradually extends from the inside of the guide rail 33, the revolution radius of the driven disk 38 increases synchronously. At this time, the maximum stroke of the up and down reciprocating motion of the piston 43 driven by the transmission pin 39 and the lifting rod 310 increases synchronously, that is, the amount of water and fertilizer sucked and discharged by the temporary storage tube 42 at a single time increases synchronously, and the single irrigation amount of the equipment increases; when the slider 34 gradually shrinks back to the inside of the guide rail 33, the revolution radius of the driven disk 38 decreases, and the single irrigation amount of the equipment decreases synchronously.

[0036] It should be noted that when the position of the slider 34 in the guide rail 33 changes, it tends to drive the adjusting screw 35 to rise and fall synchronously, but the adjusting screw 35 cannot be raised or lowered due to the joint restriction of the positioning ring 36 and the guide rail 33, thereby avoiding the risk of the adjusting mechanism getting stuck due to the change in the position of the adjusting screw 35.

[0037] Example 4, please refer to Figure 7-Figure 9 This embodiment is further described on the basis of the third embodiment: a toothed disc 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving shaft 2 6, a collector 1 62 is fixedly connected to the side of the upper surface of the toothed disc 61 away from the limiting rod 12, a collector 2 63 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the support rod 17 at a position corresponding to the collector 1 62, a positioning rod 64 is fixedly connected to the side of the lower surface of the toothed disc 61 close to the limiting rod 12, and a transmission gear 65 is meshed and connected to the outer periphery of the lower surface of the toothed disc 61 in a one-to-one transmission manner.

[0038] The driving shaft 2 6 is driven by an external motor and the collector 1 62 and the collector 2 63 together serve as triggers of the external motor. A pressure sensor is provided on the side of the limit rod 12 and the sensor is connected to the driving motor 3 by signal.

[0039] A connecting shaft 51 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the nozzle 5, and a transmission roller 52 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting shaft 51, and the transmission roller 52 is limited and rotatably connected to the inner contour of the positioning rod 64. The transmission roller 52 is penetrated by and slidably connected with multiple transmission rods 53, and the other end of each transmission rod 53 is fixedly connected to a universal joint 54, and the other end of each universal joint 54 is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 2 55, and the other ends of the transmission rods 2 55 are commonly penetrated and slidably connected with the same transmission roller 2 56, and the transmission roller 2 56 is limited and rotatably connected to the inner contour of the limiting rod 2 13 and the transmission roller 2 56 is penetrated and fixedly connected to the transmission gear 65.

[0040] During the movement of the equipment, collector 1 62 and collector 2 63 synchronously record the image data along the way. When there is an obstruction between collector 1 62 and collector 2 63, it is determined whether the obstruction is a plant root or stem through the collected image data. If the obstruction is a foreign object such as a stone, the switching component does not work. If the obstruction is a plant root or stem, the switching component starts working and aims the nozzle at the plant root position and controls the fertilization component to start irrigation operations.

[0041] At this time, collector 1 62 and collector 2 63 control the external motor to drive drive shaft 2 6 and gear disc 61 to rotate, and gear disc 61 further drives positioning rod 64 to rotate. At this time, nozzle 5, connecting shaft 51 and transmission roller 1 52 start to revolve around the axis of gear disc 61 synchronously with positioning rod 64, and collector 1 62 located on gear disc 61 revolves synchronously. With the rotation of gear disc 61, the position of nozzle 5 gradually moves from close to fixing frame 11 to around the root of plant, and then the fertilization assembly sprays water and fertilizer from nozzle 5 to realize the precise irrigation operation of the equipment.

[0042] It should be noted that when the nozzle 5 rotates with the toothed disc 61 to nearly 180 degrees and reaches the position closest to the root of the plant, the collector 62 rotates synchronously with the toothed disc 61 and contacts and abuts against the limit rod 12. Then the toothed disc 61 is limited by the collector 62 and cannot continue to rotate, thereby limiting the maximum rotation stroke of the toothed disc 61 to the position where the nozzle 5 is closest to the root of the plant, further avoiding waste of water and fertilizer to improve the precise irrigation effect of the equipment; at the same time, in the process of the nozzle 5 rotating with the toothed disc 61, its orbital circular motion can effectively push away the leaves hanging around the roots of the crop, thereby reducing the risk of water and fertilizer adhering to the leaves during irrigation and causing an increase in pests and diseases.

[0043] When the toothed disc 61 rotates to the maximum stroke, that is, the collector 62 is in contact with the limit rod 12, the pressure sensor provided on the limit rod 12 is triggered and controls the drive motor 3 to work, and the drive motor 3 further drives the fertilization assembly as a whole to complete the irrigation operation.

[0044] At the same time, when the nozzle 5 rotates along with the toothed disc 61, the toothed disc 61 drives the transmission gear 65 to rotate synchronously. Since the transmission gear 65 is fixedly connected to the transmission roller 2 56, the transmission roller 2 56 rotates synchronously with the transmission gear 65 at this time. Moreover, since the toothed disc 61 and the transmission gear 65 are transmitted in a one-to-one ratio, the maximum rotation stroke of the toothed disc 61 is close to 180 degrees, that is, the maximum rotation stroke of the transmission gear 65 and the transmission roller 2 56 is also close to 180 degrees.

[0045] When the transmission roller 2 56 rotates along with the transmission gear 65, it drives the transmission rod 2 55 to rotate synchronously, and the transmission rod 2 55 further drives the transmission rod 1 53 and the transmission roller 1 52 to rotate. Since the maximum rotation stroke of the transmission roller 2 56 is close to 180 degrees, that is, the maximum rotation stroke of the transmission roller 1 52 is also 180 degrees, at this time, the connecting shaft 51 and the nozzle 5 rotate synchronously with the transmission roller 1 52, and the direction of the nozzle 5 is adjusted from vertically upward to an angle close to vertically downward, so that the direction of the nozzle 5 is correctly aligned with the plant roots during the irrigation operation to improve the irrigation quality of the equipment; at the same time, when the irrigation operation is not performed, the vertical upward direction of the nozzle 5 can effectively prevent the surface of the nozzle 5 from adhering to the soil during the movement of the equipment, thereby causing difficulty in the discharge of water and fertilizer and affecting the irrigation effect of the equipment; and the vertical upward angle of the nozzle 5 can drive the liquid outlet pipe 44 to bend to avoid the overflow of water and fertilizer during the movement of the equipment.

[0046] It should be noted that, by setting the universal joint 54, a transmission connection at any angle can be realized between the transmission rod 1 53 and the transmission rod 2 55, thereby ensuring that in the process of the nozzle 5, the connecting shaft 51, the transmission roller 1 52 and the transmission rod 1 53 accompanying the rotation of the gear plate 61, a one-to-one transmission connection is always maintained between the transmission rod 1 53 and the transmission rod 2 55, and the transmission roller 2 56 drives the transmission roller 1 52, the connecting shaft 51 and the nozzle 5 to rotate synchronously, so that the direction of the nozzle 5 can be correctly aligned with the roots of the plant.

[0047] Furthermore, after the irrigation operation is completed, the external motor is controlled to reverse, and the gear disc 61 drives the switching assembly to return to the initial position as a whole. The abutment between the collector 62 and the limit rod 12 is released, so that the drive motor 3 and the fertilization assembly stop working synchronously, and the sprinkler head 5 gradually returns to the storage position. At this time, the equipment completes a single irrigation operation and moves again under the push and pull of personnel.

[0048] The operating time of the drive motor 3 and the fertilization component can be controlled by limiting the residence time of the toothed disc 61 at the maximum rotation stroke. This time duration is the effective irrigation time of the equipment at a single crop position. Since the amount of water and fertilizer discharged from the temporary storage tube 42 at a time is the same, that is, the irrigation amount of the equipment per unit time is the same, by controlling the effective irrigation time of the equipment at the same crop to be the same, the water and fertilizer can be evenly distributed in the entire crop area.

[0049] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quantitative fertilization device for agricultural planting, comprising a base plate (1), a fertilization component, a switching component and a moving mechanism, characterized in that: The bottom plates (1) are provided with two and are symmetrically arranged, the top of the bottom plate (1) on the left side is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (11), the side of the fixing frame (11) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod 1 (12), the top of the bottom plate (1) on the left side is fixedly connected to a limiting rod 2 (13), the top of the bottom plate (1) on the left side is fixedly connected to a fixing rod 1 (14), the top of the fixing frame (11) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod 2 (15), the top of the bottom plate (1) on the right side is fixedly connected to two support frames (16), and the other ends of the two support frames (16) are fixedly connected to the side of the fixing rod 2 (15), a support rod (17) is fixedly connected between the two support frames (16), and the tops of the two bottom plates (1) are fixedly connected to the same handrail (18); The fertilization assembly comprises an adjustment mechanism for controlling the amount of single irrigation and a quantitative mechanism for completing the quantitative discharge of water and fertilizer, the adjustment mechanism comprises a drive motor (3), and the quantitative mechanism comprises a water tank (4) fixedly connected to one side of the top end of a fixed rod (14); The switching assembly comprises a second drive shaft (6) which penetrates and is rotationally connected to a first limiting rod (12) and a nozzle (5) which is connected to a quantitative mechanism to complete the fertilization process.

2. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises a guide ring (2) which penetrates and is rotatably connected to the inside of the lower surface of the two bottom plates (1), the bottom end of each guide ring (2) is fixedly connected to two connecting rods (21), the bottom end of the connecting rod (21) at the same position penetrates and is rotatably connected to a positioning shaft (22), the outer contour of the middle section of the positioning shaft (22) is fixedly connected to a traveling wheel (23), and the traveling sides of the two bottom plates (1) are both arranged as an arc-shaped structure that converges toward the middle.

3. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the drive motor (3) is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 1 (31), and the drive shaft 1 (31) passes through a fixed rod 2 (15); the other end of the drive shaft 1 (31) is fixedly connected to a drive disk (32); the other side of the drive disk (32) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (33); a slider (34) is slidably connected to the inner contour of the guide rail (33); an adjusting screw rod (35) is passed through and screwed to the slider (34); the top end of the adjusting screw rod (35) passes through the guide rail (33) and extends outwardly and is fixedly connected to a knob (37); positioning rings (36) are fixedly connected to the outer contour of the adjusting screw rod (35) at positions on both sides of the top of the guide rail (33); a side of the slider (34) away from the guide rail (33) is fixedly connected to a driven disk (38); a transmission pin (39) is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the other side of the driven disk (38); the other end of the transmission pin (39) passes through a lifting rod (310).

4. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the water tank (4) is connected to a guide tube (41), the other end of the guide tube (41) is connected to a temporary storage tube (42), and the temporary storage tube (42) is fixedly connected to the second fixed rod (15). A piston (43) is slidably provided on the inner contour of the temporary storage tube (42), and the top end of the piston (43) is fixedly connected to the lifting rod (310). The bottom end of the temporary storage tube (42) is connected to a liquid outlet tube (44), and the other end of the liquid outlet tube (44) is connected to the nozzle (5).

5. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the flow guide pipe (41) and the liquid outlet pipe (44) are provided with one-way valves for limiting the flow direction of water and fertilizer.

6. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the second driving shaft (6) is fixedly connected to a toothed disc (61); a side of the upper surface of the toothed disc (61) away from the first limiting rod (12) is fixedly connected to a collector (62); a position of the outer contour of the support rod (17) corresponding to the collector (62) is fixedly connected to the second collecting device (63); a side of the lower surface of the toothed disc (61) close to the first limiting rod (12) is fixedly connected to a positioning rod (64); and a peripheral portion of the lower surface of the toothed disc (61) is meshed and connected to a transmission gear (65) in a one-to-one transmission manner.

7. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second drive shaft (6) is driven by an external motor and the first collector (62) and the second collector (63) together serve as triggers of the external motor. A pressure sensor is provided on the side of the first limit rod (12) and the sensor is connected to the drive motor (3) by signal.

8. The quantitative fertilization equipment for agricultural planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting shaft (51) is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the nozzle (5), the other end of the connecting shaft (51) is fixedly connected to a transmission roller 1 (52), and the transmission roller 1 (52) is limitedly rotatably connected to the inner contour of the positioning rod (64), the transmission roller 1 (52) is penetrated by and slidably connected to a plurality of transmission rods 1 (53), the other end of each transmission rod 1 (53) is fixedly connected to a universal joint (54), the other end of each universal joint (54) is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 2 (55), the other end of the transmission rods 2 (55) is commonly penetrated by and slidably connected to the same transmission roller 2 (56), the transmission roller 2 (56) is limitedly rotatably connected to the inner contour of the limiting rod 2 (13), and the transmission roller 2 (56) is penetrated by and fixedly connected to the transmission gear (65).

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