Planting method for improving dendrobe quality

Abstract

The invention provides a planting method for improving dendrobe quality, and relates to the technical field of dendrobe planting. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a soil matrix from crushed stone, a zizania aquatica shell fermentation product and pine bark in a mass ratio of (5-8): (10-15): (10-15); good drainage and air permeability are ensured, and growth of dendrobium nobile roots and nutrient absorption are facilitated. Then the roots of the cutting slips are soaked with a rooting solution containing glucamylase and eudesmol, and the growth speed and quality of the cutting slips can be effectively improved. Glucoamylase helps to decompose organic matters, provides more energy for the cutting slips, and can significantly promote the growth of dendrobium nobile by combining with eudesmol.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dendrobium planting, and in particular to a planting method for improving the quality of dendrobium. Background Art

[0002] It contains polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils and other ingredients, which have the effects of nourishing the stomach, promoting fluid production, nourishing yin and clearing heat. It is often used for heat disease, fluid damage, dry mouth and thirst, insufficient stomach yin, poor appetite and retching, persistent heat after illness, yin deficiency and excessive fire, bone steaming and fatigue, blurred vision, and weakness of tendons and bones. Because of its good medicinal effect, the medicinal value of Dendrobium is quite important, so the cultivation of high-quality Dendrobium is even more important. Dendrobium usually grows in tropical and subtropical primeval forests, attached to the trunks of broad-leaved trees. These environments must have the conditions of "warmth", "humidity", "ventilation", "breathability" and "leakage". However, the natural environment that can meet these harsh conditions has become increasingly scarce, which has brought challenges to the artificial cultivation of Dendrobium.

[0003] Common artificial planting methods for Dendrobium include cutting method and division method. Cutting method is to select healthy branches on the mother plant, cut them into small sections of about 10 cm, insert them into the soil, keep them moist, and wait for them to take root. Division method is to divide the mother plant into several small plants, each with a root system, and then plant them in new potting soil. However, the success rate of cutting method is often not as good as that of division method, so most of them still use division method to plant Dendrobium. In the process of cutting method planting, rooting powder is generally used to treat the roots of cutting seedlings, but the existing rooting powder is generally composed of a variety of plant growth regulators, which can only regulate the initial growth stage of Dendrobium, and has no obvious promoting effect on subsequent growth. And because Dendrobium is an aerial root and has shallow roots, it is necessary to prepare the soil matrix for Dendrobium during the planting process of Dendrobium. The existing soil matrix is ​​generally composed of granular peat, pine bark and gravel, mixed in a ratio of 4:4:2. There are also soil substrates that are mixed with leaf mold, sphagnum moss, bark blocks, charcoal and perlite or vermiculite in a certain proportion. Although the combination of the above soil substrates can ensure the air permeability of the soil, it is not clear whether it can improve the quality of Dendrobium.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the quality of Dendrobium by improving the planting methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a planting method for improving the quality of Dendrobium, comprising the following steps: Preparation of soil matrix: crushed stone, fermented product of wild rice stem shell and pine bark in a mass ratio of 5-8:10-15:10-15 are prepared into soil matrix; the soil matrix is ​​crushed stone, fermented product of wild rice stem shell and pine bark from bottom to top; Pretreatment of cutting seedlings: collecting 1-2 year old branches of Dendrobium officinale as cuttings, and immersing the roots of the cuttings in a rooting solution, and obtaining cutting seedlings after air drying; the rooting solution is composed of the following components: 1-1.5 g / L of glucoamylase, 0.01-0.1 g / L of eucalyptol, and the solvent is butanediol; Planting of cuttings: Plant the cuttings in a soil matrix and water the roots once every 3-8 days.

[0006] Furthermore, the soil matrix is ​​prepared according to the following steps: Break the pine bark into small pieces of 3-8 cm to obtain small pieces of pine bark; crushing the wild rice stem shells to obtain crushed wild rice stem shell materials; The crushed stones, small pieces of pine bark and broken wild rice stem shells were sterilized at high temperature respectively; The sterilized wild rice stem husk is placed in a fermentation tank, and then activated thermophilic streptococci are inoculated into the fermentation tank, and the tank mouth is sealed to ferment to obtain a wild rice stem husk fermentation product; Gravel, fermented wild rice shells and pine bark are laid from the bottom of the flowerpot to the top to form a soil matrix.

[0007] Furthermore, the conditions for high temperature sterilization are 120-125°C sterilization for 5-15 minutes.

[0008] Furthermore, the inoculation amount of the lactic acid fermentation bacteria is 0.1-1% of the weight of the wild rice stem husk in the fermentation tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the fermentation temperature of wild rice stem husk is 40-60°C, and the fermentation time is 5-7 days.

[0010] Furthermore, during the pretreatment of the cuttings, the roots of the cuttings are immersed in the rooting solution for 10-20 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the air-drying temperature during the pretreatment of the cuttings is 18-25° C., and the moisture content of the cuttings after air-drying is 40-60%.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting depth during the planting process of the cutting seedlings is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the length of the cutting seedlings.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention not only ensures good drainage and air permeability by preparing a soil matrix of crushed stone, pine bark and wild rice stem shell fermentation product with a specific mass ratio, but also helps the growth of the root system of Dendrobium and the absorption of nutrients. Using a rooting solution containing glucoamylase and eucalyptol for soaking treatment can effectively promote the growth rate and quality of cuttings. Glucoamylase helps to decompose organic matter, provides more energy for cuttings, and can significantly promote the growth of Dendrobium in combination with eucalyptol.

[0014] The present invention can significantly improve the growth rate and quality of Dendrobium by optimizing soil matrix, efficient cutting seedling pretreatment and scientific planting management. This not only helps to increase the yield of Dendrobium, but also improves its medicinal value and ornamental value, providing strong support for the development of Dendrobium industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A picture showing the flower buds growing out of the Dendrobium in Experimental Group 1 in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Shows the growth picture of the Dendrobium officinale leaves in the experimental group 1 in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Shows the growth picture of the Dendrobium officinale leaves in the experimental group 5 in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A picture of the stems of Dendrobium officinale in Experimental Group 1 in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0018] The specific process of preparing soil matrix 1 is as follows: (1) Breaking the pine bark into small pieces of 3-8 cm to obtain small pieces of pine bark; (2) crushing the wild rice stem shells to obtain a crushed wild rice stem shell material; (3) The crushed stones, small pieces of pine bark and broken wild rice shells were sterilized at high temperature (120°C for 10 min); (4) The sterilized wild rice stem husks were placed in a fermentation tank, and activated thermophilic Streptococcus (Shandong Zhongke Jiayi Bioengineering Co., Ltd.) was inoculated at 0.5% of the total mass of the wild rice stem husks. After inoculation, the tank mouth was sealed, and then fermented at 50°C for 7 days to obtain the wild rice stem husk fermentation product; (5) Spread the disinfected gravel on the bottom of the flower pot, spread the fermented product of water chestnut shell on the gravel, and then spread pine bark on the fermented product of water chestnut shell. The mass ratio of gravel, fermented product of water chestnut shell and pine bark is 7:13:13, and soil matrix one is obtained.

[0019] The specific process of preparing soil matrix II is as follows: The soil matrix 2 was prepared according to the method of soil matrix 1, except that the wild rice stem husk was not fermented (i.e., step (4) was not performed), thereby obtaining soil matrix 2.

[0020] Preparation of soil matrix three: The method of soil matrix one is followed, except that the wild rice stem husk is not fermented, but the pine bark is fermented according to step (3) to obtain soil matrix three.

[0021] Preparation of soil matrix four: It is composed of granular peat, pine bark and gravel in a mass ratio of 4:4:2. The bottom layer of the flowerpot is gravel, the middle layer is granular peat, and the upper layer is pine bark, so as to obtain soil matrix four. Example

[0022] Pretreatment of Dendrobium cuttings; (1) In this embodiment, two-year-old robust branches of Dendrobium officinale were selected and cut into small segments of 8-13 cm as cuttings, and several buds and 2-3 leaves were retained on the upper part of each cutting: (2) Soak the roots of the cuttings in the rooting solution for 15 minutes and then air-dry them in an environment of 20°C to obtain cuttings. The moisture content of the cuttings is maintained at 50%.

[0023] The rooting solution consists of the following components: Rooting solution 1: Dissolve 1.2 g of glucoamylase and 0.08 g of eucalyptol in 1 L of butanediol (mass concentration: 30%) at 60°C to obtain a rooting alcohol solution.

[0024] Rooting solution 2: Dissolve 1.2 g of glucoamylase in 1 L of butanediol (mass concentration: 30%) at 60°C to obtain a rooting alcohol solution.

[0025] Rooting solution three: Dissolve 0.08 g of eucalyptol in 1 L of butanediol (mass concentration: 30%) at 60°C to obtain a rooting alcohol solution.

[0026] Rooting solution 4: 1.2 g of glucoamylase and 0.08 g of eucalyptol were dissolved in water at 60° C. to obtain a rooting aqueous solution.

[0027] Rooting solution five: Dissolve commercially available gold-grade rooting powder in water to form a rooting aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.2g / L.

[0028] According to the method in steps (1)-(2), the Dendrobium officinale cuttings were soaked in rooting solutions 1 to 5 respectively. The cuttings obtained after soaking in different rooting solutions were named cuttings 1, cuttings 2, cuttings 3, cuttings 4 and cuttings 5 ​​respectively. Example

[0029] Dendrobium cutting planting: In this embodiment, the cuttings are carried out at a temperature of 25°C and an air humidity of 75%. The roots of the cuttings obtained by different pretreatment methods in Example 2 were inserted into the soil matrix prepared in Example 1, with one cutting per pot, and the cutting depth was 1 / 3 of the length of the cutting.

[0030] After cutting, water once every 5 days, water the roots and avoid watering the leaves. Apply decomposed thin cake fertilizer water once every 7 days. Do not fertilize during the winter dormancy period. When applying fertilizer, spread it evenly on the soil surface and stir it thoroughly to avoid fertilizer accumulation in one place and cause burns. Repot after one year and replace it according to the original soil matrix.

[0031] The specific experimental planting scheme is shown in Table 1. Fifteen parallel experimental groups were set up in each experimental group.

[0032] Table 1

[0033] Dendrobium officinale was planted according to the method of Example 3, except that the cuttings were not soaked and were directly inserted into soil matrix 1. The Dendrobium officinale planted by this method was recorded as experimental group 9.

[0034] According to the settings of each experimental group and control group in Example 3, the cutting seedlings were planted by cutting. After 30 days of cutting, 5 groups of Dendrobium in each experimental group were pulled out with roots, washed and then measured for root length using an Epson Perfection V850 Pro scanner. The average root length of Dendrobium in each experimental group was counted, and the results are shown in Table 2: Table 2

[0035] The cuttings were planted according to the settings of each experimental group, and the subsequent growth of Dendrobium was observed. After the seedlings emerged 30 days after cutting, the seedling rate of Dendrobium cuttings in different experimental groups was counted. Seedling rate = number of seedlings / total number of cuttings × 100%; After 90 days, the germination of the flowers of Dendrobium officinale was observed (the germination of the flowers of Dendrobium officinale in experimental group 1 was as follows Figure 1 The average number of flowers in each experimental group was calculated. After 120 days, the performance of the leaves was observed (the leaves of the Dendrobium officinale in the experimental group 1 were as follows Figure 2 As shown in Figure 5, the leaves of Dendrobium officinale in Experimental Group 5 were Figure 3 ) and stem performance (the stem performance of experimental group 1 is shown in Figure 4 as shown), and use a ruler to measure the stem length of Dendrobium officinale.

[0036] The results are shown in Table 3: Table 3

[0037] From the above table combined with Figure 1-4 It can be seen that the leaf performance, stem length and number of flowers of Dendrobium in experimental group 1 (using a combination of cutting seedlings 1 and soil matrix 1) were higher than those in other experimental groups, and the flowers germinated neatly, which indicated that the growth condition of Dendrobium in experimental group 1 was good.

[0038] In this example, the polysaccharide content and dendrobium alkaloid content in the two-year-old dendrobiums in experimental groups 1-9 were measured.

[0039] (1) The polysaccharide content in Dendrobium officinale was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The determination process is as follows: Preparation of Dendrobium polysaccharide samples: Take an appropriate amount of Dendrobium stem powder, defatting it with petroleum ether, extracting interfering components with 80% ethanol, and then extracting polysaccharide components with hot water reflux to obtain a refined polysaccharide sample.

[0040] Preparation of standard curve: Accurately weigh standard glucose, dissolve it in water and dilute it into 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 g / L polysaccharide standard solutions. Then take different volumes of standard glucose solutions, add phenol and concentrated sulfuric acid, measure the absorbance value after color development, and draw a standard curve.

[0041] Sample determination: Take an appropriate amount of refined polysaccharide sample, add phenol and concentrated sulfuric acid, measure the absorbance value after color development, and calculate the polysaccharide content in the sample according to the standard curve.

[0042] The average percentage content of polysaccharides in Dendrobium officinale in different experimental groups is shown in Table 4: Table 4

[0043] It can be seen that the polysaccharide content in Dendrobium in experimental group 1 is 35.9%, which is significantly higher than that in other experimental groups, and higher than the requirement of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia that the polysaccharide content in Dendrobium officinale must not be less than 25.0%, which meets the requirements of Dendrobium officinale.

[0044] (2) The dendrobium alkaloids in Dendrobium officinale were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The specific determination process is as follows: Chromatographic conditions: C18 column was selected as the chromatographic column; the mobile phase was methanol potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (the mobile phase A and B were both methanol-potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions with a pH of 6.5, and the volume ratio of phase A to phase B was 65:35); the elution method was isocratic elution, and the elution time was 40 min; the detection wavelength: usually 260 nm; the column temperature: 30 °C; the injection volume: 20 μL.

[0045] Preparation of the Dendrobium samples to be tested: The Dendrobium stems in the above experimental groups 1-9 were washed, crushed, sieved, dissolved in methanol, and filtered to obtain the Dendrobium samples to be tested.

[0046] Preparation of dendrobium alkaloid standard sample: accurately weigh 1 mg of dendrobium alkaloid standard, place it in a volumetric flask, dissolve it with methanol and make up to volume to obtain a standard stock solution, take an appropriate amount of the standard stock solution, dilute it with methanol to 1 mg / mL, 2 mg / mL, 3 mg / mL, 5 mg / mL, 10 mg / mL, and a series of standard working solutions. According to the above chromatographic conditions, sample and measure according to the above chromatographic conditions, and draw a standard curve with the peak area as the ordinate and the concentration as the abscissa.

[0047] After the sample to be tested is filtered through a microporous filter membrane, it is measured according to the above chromatographic conditions, and the peak position of dendrobium alkaloids in the dendrobium is determined according to the peak time of the standard working solution, and its peak area is determined, and then the average percentage content of dendrobium alkaloids is determined according to the standard curve. The results are shown in Table 5: Table 5

[0048] As can be seen from the above table, the average percentage of dendrobium in the Dendrobium officinale in experimental group 1 is significantly higher than that in other experimental groups, indicating that planting Dendrobium officinale according to the method of experimental group 1 can significantly improve the quality of Dendrobium officinale.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for improving the quality of Dendrobium, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation of soil matrix: crushed stone, fermented product of wild rice stem shell and pine bark in a mass ratio of 5-8:10-15:10-15 are prepared into soil matrix; the soil matrix is ​​crushed stone, fermented product of wild rice stem shell and pine bark from bottom to top; Pretreatment of cutting seedlings: Collect 1-2 year old branches of Dendrobium officinale as cuttings, soak the roots of the cuttings in a rooting solution, and air-dry to obtain cutting seedlings; The rooting solution is composed of the following components: 1-1.5 g / L of glucoamylase, 0.01-0.1 g / L of eucalyptol, and the solvent is butanediol; Planting of cuttings: Plant the cuttings in a soil matrix and water the roots once every 3-8 days.

2. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil matrix is ​​prepared according to the following steps: Break the pine bark into small pieces of 3-8 cm to obtain small pieces of pine bark; crushing the wild rice stem shells to obtain crushed wild rice stem shell materials; The crushed stones, small pieces of pine bark and broken wild rice stem shells were sterilized at high temperature respectively; The sterilized wild rice stem husk is placed in a fermentation tank, and then activated thermophilic streptococci are inoculated into the fermentation tank, and the tank mouth is sealed to ferment to obtain a wild rice stem husk fermentation product; Gravel, fermented wild rice shells and pine bark are laid from the bottom of the flowerpot to the top to form a soil matrix.

3. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conditions for high temperature disinfection are 120-125℃ disinfection for 5-15 minutes.

4. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inoculation amount of the lactic acid fermentation bacteria is 0.1-1% of the weight of the wild rice stem shells in the fermentation tank.

5. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature of wild rice husk is 40-60℃, and the fermentation time is 5-7 days.

6. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the pretreatment of cuttings, the roots of the cuttings are immersed in the rooting solution for 10-20 minutes.

7. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-drying temperature during the pretreatment of the cuttings is 18-25°C, and the moisture content in the cuttings after air-drying is 40-60%.

8. The method for improving the quality of Dendrobium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting depth during the planting process of cutting seedlings is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the length of the cutting seedlings.

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