Rock slope second ploughing configuration scheme design method and second ploughing effect evaluation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock slope second ploughing configuration scheme design method and a second ploughing effect evaluation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of land second ploughing, and the method comprises the following steps: cleaning a rock slope, and removing loose rock and sundries; the rock slope is reinforced through anchor rods and anchor cables, and high-molecular polymers are sprayed to improve the stability of the rock slope; a planting groove is constructed, and the inner wall of the planting groove is filled with a novel water-absorbent resin material; soil, fertilizer and water-retaining agent composite base materials are sprayed and sown into the planting grooves in a layered mode through the soil dressing spraying and sowing technology, and planting holes are reserved; suitable crops are selected for planting; and finally, measuring the fertility, the PH value, the water content and the crop growth condition of the soil of the reclamation cultivated land, and evaluating the second ploughing effect. According to the method, a solution is provided for land resource recycling after slope ecological restoration, the available cultivated land range is widened through targeted evaluation, and constructive guidance is provided for guaranteeing the cultivated land red line and effectively utilizing the restored rock slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of land reclamation, and specifically relates to a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme design method and a reclamation effect evaluation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the development of natural resources, a large number of rock slopes have emerged, which not only damage the ecological environment, but also waste land resources. At present, the management of rock slopes mainly focuses on slope protection projects, while there is a lack of effective methods and technologies for the restoration of rock slopes.

[0003] The effects of the rock slope reclamation configuration design are mainly reflected in two aspects: on the one hand, it anchors the soil and maintains the stability of the slope; on the other hand, it makes full use of land resources and develops arable land to achieve my country's arable land and food security. At present, we still lack the design method of the rock slope reclamation configuration plan and the evaluation method of reclamation effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme design method and a reclamation effect evaluation method, which can help rock slopes to reclaim arable land and can comprehensively evaluate the degree of reclamation of arable land, provide a reference basis for monitoring the effect of slope reclamation, and improve the efficiency of rock slope restoration.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme design method, and adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A method for designing a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Cleaning the rock slope: Clean the rock slope to remove loose rocks and debris to prepare for subsequent construction;

[0008] S2. Slope reinforcement: Use anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the rock slope, and evenly spray high molecular polymer solution on the surface of the slope reinforced by anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the surface soil of the rock slope;

[0009] S3. Construction of planting troughs: A planting trough is constructed on the rock slope, and the inner wall of the planting trough is filled with a new water-absorbing resin material synthesized from grafted cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and polymer polyvinyl alcohol; the new water-absorbing resin material forms an adaptive water balance mechanism with the soil. When the soil has sufficient water, the new water-absorbing resin material absorbs and stores excess water, and when the soil lacks water, the new water-absorbing resin material releases the stored water to supply the plants; the depth and width of the planting trough are determined according to the needs of the crops planted;

[0010] S4. Soil laying: Use soil spraying technology to spray the composite substrate including natural soil, fertilizer and water retaining agent into the planting trough in layers, and reserve planting holes in the last layer of the composite substrate;

[0011] S5. Planting vegetation: Select crops or vegetation that are preset and suitable for the target area and plant them in the vegetation holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the planting trough is constructed using reinforced concrete and masonry materials.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentration of the high molecular polymer solution evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope reinforced with anchor rods and anchor cables is 10%.

[0014] Furthermore, when the imported soil spraying technology is used for spraying, the composite base material is sprayed in two layers so that the composite base material can be evenly covered on the surface of the rock slope: the thickness of the first layer of the sprayed composite base material is about 10 cm, and the thickness of the second layer of the sprayed composite base material is 5 cm, and a vegetation hole is reserved in the middle of the second layer of the composite base material; after the water, soil and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly, the mixture is sprayed into the vegetation hole using a soil sprayer, wherein the moisture content of the mixture is 30%, and the auxiliary materials are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, straw, peat and water-retaining agent for the vegetation holes.

[0015] Furthermore, according to the climate and soil conditions of the target area, suitable crops or vegetation are planted in the reserved vegetation holes by direct seeding or transplanting.

[0016] The present invention also protects a method for evaluating the effect of reclaiming cultivated land according to the above method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, soil fertility determination: determine the organic matter content in the soil, compare the determined organic matter content with the corresponding organic matter content suitable for crop growth, and assign a score of 0-2 points to the soil fertility according to the ratio according to the preset scoring standard, and the score is recorded as R;

[0018] Step 2: Determine the soil pH to determine whether the pH value is within the pH range suitable for crop growth. If so, give the soil pH a score of 1 point; otherwise, give 0 points, and the score is recorded as P.

[0019] Step 3: Determine the soil moisture content and determine whether the measured moisture content is within the moisture content range suitable for crop growth. If so, give the soil moisture content a score of 2 points; otherwise, give 0 points, and the score is recorded as W;

[0020] Step 4. Examine whether the crops planted on the reclaimed cultivated land are suitable for the climate and soil conditions of the target area. Compare the yield obtained from the standardized planting of the adaptable crops with the yield of the standard cultivated land in the target area, and assign scores to the adaptability of the planted crops according to the yield ratio. Score according to the rule that every 10% corresponds to 1 point, and the score is recorded as C.

[0021] Step 5. Set the total score of the reclamation degree as F, then F = R + P + W + C; if F > 6, it indicates that the reclamation effect is qualified, and if F > 8, it indicates that the reclamation effect is excellent.

[0022] Furthermore, the determination of the organic matter content in the soil includes the determination of nitrogen content, phosphorus content, and potassium content. The higher the organic matter content, the more fertile the soil, and the relatively better the reclamation degree. The nitrogen content is recorded as r1, the phosphorus content is recorded as r2, and the potassium content is recorded as r3; the nitrogen content suitable for crop growth is 0.05% - 0.2%, the phosphorus content suitable for crop growth is 0.05% - 0.25%, and the potassium content suitable for crop growth is about 1% - 3%. According to the measured nitrogen content, phosphorus content, and potassium content, score the soil fertility according to the following criteria:

[0023] When r1 / 0.05% < 0.6, the soil fertility is recorded as R1 = 0; when 0.6 < r1 / 0.05% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R1 = 1; when r1 / 0.05% > 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R1 = 2; when r2 / 0.05% < 0.6, the soil fertility is recorded as R2 = 0; when 0.6 < r2 / 0.05% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R2 = 1; when r2 / 0.05% > 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R2 = 2; when r3 / 1% < 0.6, the soil fertility is recorded as R3 = 0; when 0.6 < r3 / 1% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R3 = 1; when r3 / 1% > 1, the soil fertility is recorded as R3 = 2.

[0024] Furthermore, the determination method of nitrogen content is the Kjeldahl method, the determination method of phosphorus content is the molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, and the determination method of potassium content is the flame photometry method.

[0025] Furthermore, randomly extract soil samples in the target area, and use pH test paper to measure the pH value of the soil samples. The pH value suitable for vegetation growth is 6.0 - 7.5. If the measured pH value is between 6.0 - 7.5, then P = 1.

[0026] Furthermore, soil samples were randomly extracted in the target area, and the moisture content of the soil samples was determined by the drying method: the soil samples were placed in an oven and dried to constant weight at a temperature of 105°C; the moisture content of the soil samples, i.e., the soil moisture content, was calculated based on the change in the mass of the soil samples before and after drying. The soil moisture content suitable for the growth of most vegetation is around 15%-30%. When the measured moisture content is between 15%-30%, W=2.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The rock slope reclamation method and reclamation effect evaluation method provided by the present invention not only provide a solution for the reuse of land resources after slope ecological restoration, but also increase the scope of available arable land by conducting targeted evaluation of the degree of rock slope reclamation, and provide constructive guidance for protecting the red line of arable land and effectively utilizing the repaired rock slopes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the effect diagram of replanting the land. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example

[0033] Taking a rock slope in Qixia District, Nanjing as an example, the design method of its reclamation configuration plan includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. First, clean the rock slope, remove loose rocks and debris, and level the rock slope to prepare for subsequent construction;

[0035] S2. Use anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the rock slope to improve its stability and ensure that the rock slope will not become unstable during subsequent construction. Spray a diluted polymer solution with a concentration of 10% evenly on the surface of the slope treated with anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the surface soil of the rock slope.

[0036] S3. Planting troughs are constructed on the rock slope using reinforced concrete and masonry materials, and the inner wall of the planting trough is filled with a new type of absorbent resin material synthesized from grafted cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and polymer polyvinyl alcohol; the new type of absorbent resin material forms an adaptive moisture balance mechanism with the soil. When the soil has sufficient moisture, the new type of absorbent resin material absorbs and stores excess moisture, and when the soil lacks moisture, the new type of absorbent resin material releases the stored moisture to supply the plants; soybeans are selected for planting according to the adaptability of local vegetation, and the depth and width of the planting trough are determined to be 10 cm and 50 cm according to the soybean planting needs;

[0037] S4. Laying the soil for soybean growth in the planting trough: using the soil spraying technology, the composite substrate formed by mixing natural soil, fertilizer and water retaining agent is sprayed into the planting trough in two layers; the thickness of the first layer of the composite substrate is 10 cm, and the thickness of the second layer of the composite substrate is 5 cm, and at the same time, a planting hole is reserved between the second layers of the composite substrate; after mixing water, soil and auxiliary materials evenly, use a soil sprayer to spray them into the planting holes, wherein the moisture content of the mixture is 30%, and the auxiliary materials are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, straw, peat and water retaining agent for the vegetation holes; after the spraying is completed, curing is carried out for 28 days;

[0038] S5. According to the local climate and soil conditions in Qixia District, Nanjing, soybeans were transplanted into the planting holes in the planting troughs on the rock slope.

[0039] Then the effect of reclamation is evaluated. The specific steps are as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Determination of soil fertility, i.e. determination of soil organic matter content, specifically:

[0041] The nitrogen content was determined by the Kjeldahl method: a certain amount of soil sample was randomly weighed, concentrated sulfuric acid and a catalyst were added, and the sample was heated and digested. After the digestion solution was cooled, a strong base was added for distillation to release the ammonium nitrogen. The distilled ammonium was absorbed by a boric acid solution, and then titrated with a standard acid to calculate the nitrogen content based on the amount of acid used. The soil nitrogen content was determined to be 0.1% in the laboratory, so R1 = 2.

[0042] The phosphorus content was determined by the molybdenum antimony colorimetric method: the soil sample was digested with an acid solution to convert phosphorus into orthophosphate; ammonium molybdate and ascorbic acid and other reagents were added to the digestion solution to perform a color reaction; finally, the absorbance of the color solution was determined by a spectrophotometer, and the phosphorus content was calculated based on the standard curve; the laboratory determined that the soil phosphorus content was 0.18%, so R2 = 2;

[0043] The potassium content was determined by flame photometry: the soil sample was weighed and mixed with sodium hydroxide, and melted at high temperature; the melt was dissolved and filtered to obtain a test solution; the emission light intensity of potassium in the test solution was measured by a flame photometer, and the potassium content was calculated according to the standard curve; the potassium content was determined to be 2.3% in the laboratory, so R3 = 2;

[0044] Step 2: Determine the soil pH value. Use pH test paper to determine that the pH value of the rock slope soil is 6.9, which is suitable for crop growth. Note that P = 1.

[0045] Step 3: Determination of soil moisture content. The specific process is as follows:

[0046] Soil samples were randomly extracted from the rock slope area and placed in sealed containers;

[0047] Weigh the wet soil mass: Quickly weigh the wet soil mass of the soil sample and record it;

[0048] The weighed wet soil sample was placed in an oven and kept at a temperature of about 105°C for 8 hours to dry to constant weight;

[0049] Weigh the dry soil mass: Take out the dried soil sample, cool it to room temperature and weigh the dry soil mass;

[0050] Calculate the soil moisture content according to the formula: moisture content = (wet soil mass - dry soil mass) ÷ dry soil mass × 100%; the measured soil moisture content is 16%, then W = 2;

[0051] Step 4, cultivate the soybeans grown in the rock slope planting trough through the germination stage, seedling stage, branching stage, flowering stage, podding stage and grain maturity stage; after 120 days, measure the soybean yield, the rock slope soybean yield is 60 kg; under good cultivation and management conditions, the per mu yield of farm cultivated land is about 120 kg; after the rock slope planting test, the yield of the rock slope recultivated land is 50% of the cultivated land yield, then C=5.

[0052] Step 6, calculate the total score F of the degree of restoration of land, F = R1 + R2 + R3 + P + W + C = 14>8, so it is judged that the restoration effect of the rock slope is excellent.

Claims

1. A method for designing a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rock slope cleaning: Clean the rock slope to remove loose rocks and debris to prepare for subsequent construction; S2. Slope reinforcement: Use anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the rock slope, and evenly spray high molecular polymer solution on the surface of the slope reinforced by anchor rods and anchor cables to reinforce the surface soil of the rock slope; S3. Construction of planting troughs: constructing planting troughs on the rock slope, and filling the inner wall of the planting troughs with a new type of water-absorbing resin material synthesized from grafted cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and polymer polyvinyl alcohol; The new water-absorbing resin material forms an adaptive water balance mechanism with the soil. When the soil has sufficient water, the new water-absorbing resin material absorbs and stores excess water. When the soil lacks water, the new water-absorbing resin material releases the stored water to supply the plants. The depth and width of the planting trough are determined according to the needs of the crops planted. S4. Soil laying: Use soil spraying technology to spray the composite substrate including natural soil, fertilizer and water retaining agent into the planting trough in layers, and reserve planting holes in the last layer of the composite substrate; S5. Planting vegetation: Select crops or vegetation that are preset and suitable for the target area and plant them in the vegetation holes.

2. A rock slope reclamation configuration scheme design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting troughs are constructed using reinforced concrete and masonry materials.

3. The method for designing a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the high molecular polymer solution evenly sprayed on the surface of the slope reinforced with anchor rods and cables is 10%.

4. The method for designing a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the imported soil spraying technology is used for spraying, the composite base material is sprayed in two layers so that the composite base material can be evenly covered on the surface of the rock slope: the thickness of the first layer of the composite base material is 10 cm, and the thickness of the second layer of the composite base material is 5 cm. At the same time, vegetation holes are reserved in the second layer of the composite base material; after the water, soil and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly, the mixture is sprayed into the vegetation holes using a soil sprayer, wherein the moisture content of the mixture is 30%, and the auxiliary materials are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, straw, peat and water retaining agent for the vegetation holes.

5. The method for designing a rock slope reclamation configuration scheme according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the climate and soil conditions of the target area, suitable crops or vegetation are planted in the reserved vegetation holes by direct seeding or transplanting.

6. A method for evaluating the effect of recultivating a rock slope based on the method for designing a configuration scheme for recultivating a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, soil fertility determination: determine the organic matter content in the soil, compare the determined organic matter content with the organic matter content suitable for crop growth, and assign a score of 0-2 points to the soil fertility according to the ratio according to the preset scoring standard, and the score is recorded as R; Step 2: Determine the soil pH to determine whether the pH value is within the pH range suitable for crop growth. If so, give the soil pH a score of 1 point; otherwise, give 0 points, and the score is recorded as P. Step 3: Determine the soil moisture content and determine whether the measured moisture content is within the moisture content range suitable for crop growth. If so, give the soil moisture content a score of 2 points; otherwise, give 0 points, and the score is recorded as W; Step 4: Investigate whether the crops planted on the reclaimed farmland are suitable for the climate and soil conditions of the target area, compare the yields obtained by standardized planting of suitable crops with the yields of standard farmland in the target area, and assign points to the suitability of the crops according to the yield ratio. The points are assigned according to the rule that every 10% corresponds to 1 point, and the points are recorded as C; Step 5: Set the total score of the reclamation degree as F, then F = R + P + W + C; if F > 6, it indicates that the reclamation effect is qualified, and if F > 8, it indicates that the reclamation effect is excellent.

7. The method for evaluating the effect of recultivating land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determination of the organic matter content in the soil includes the determination of nitrogen content, phosphorus content, and potassium content. The nitrogen content is denoted as r1, the phosphorus content is denoted as r2, and the potassium content is denoted as r3. The suitable nitrogen content for crop growth is 0.05% - 0.2%, the phosphorus content is 0.05% - 0.25%, and the potassium content is 1% - 3%. According to the measured nitrogen content, phosphorus content, and potassium content, the soil fertility is scored according to the following criteria: When r1 / 0.05% < 0.6, the soil fertility is denoted as R1 = 0; when 0.6 < r1 / 0.05% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R1 = 1; when r1 / 0.05% > 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R1 = 2; when r2 / 0.05% < 0.6, the soil fertility is denoted as R2 = 0; when 0.6 < r2 / 0.05% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R2 = 1; when r2 / 0.05% > 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R2 = 2; when r3 / 1% < 0.6, the soil fertility is denoted as R3 = 0; when 0.6 < r3 / 1% ≤ 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R3 = 1; when r3 / 1% > 1, the soil fertility is denoted as R3 = 2.

8. The method for evaluating the effect of recultivating land according to claim 7, characterized in that: The determination method of nitrogen content is the Kjeldahl method, the determination method of phosphorus content is the molybdenum antimony anti-colorimetric method, and the determination method of potassium content is the flame photometry method.

9. The method for evaluating the effect of recultivating land according to claim 6, characterized in that: Randomly extract soil samples in the target area, and use a pH test paper to measure the pH value of the soil samples. The suitable pH value for vegetation growth is 6.0 - 7.

5. If the measured pH value is between 6.0 - 7.5, then P = 1.

10. The method for evaluating the effect of recultivating land according to claim 6, characterized in that: Randomly extract soil samples in the target area, and use the drying method to measure the moisture content of the soil samples: place the soil samples in an oven and dry the soil samples to a constant weight at a temperature of 105°C; calculate the moisture content of the soil samples, that is, the soil moisture content, through the change in the mass of the soil samples before and after drying. The suitable soil moisture content for vegetation growth is 15% - 30%. When the measured moisture content is between 15% - 30%, then W = 2.

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