Small molecule peptide composite nutritional breeding feed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, in particular to a small molecule peptide composite nutrient breeding feed. The small molecule peptides with targeted homing and differentiation regulation functions are designed and reasonably combined, and the novel small molecule peptides are reasonably matched with other nutritional ingredients, so that a synergistic effect is generated between the novel small molecule peptides and the other nutritional ingredients, and the comprehensive nutritional effect of the feed is further enhanced. By adopting a new preparation process, the stability and activity of the small molecule peptide in the feed processing process are ensured, meanwhile, uniform dispersion of the small molecule peptide is ensured, and the overall quality of the feed is improved. A special embedding or protecting technology is applied to prevent the small molecule peptide from being inactivated due to environmental factors in the feed storage and use process. According to the physiological characteristics and growth stages of different bred animals, the variety, content and other nutritional ingredients of the small molecule peptides are subjected to customized adjustment, so that the pertinence and applicability of the feed are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedicine technology, and in particular to a small molecule peptide compound nutritional breeding feed. Background Art

[0002] In the modern breeding industry, the quality of feed is crucial to the growth, development, immunity and product quality of farmed animals. As a substance with high biological activity, small molecule peptides show significant advantages in nutrient absorption and immune regulation. However, there are some limitations in the existing small molecule peptide breeding feeds. The peptide components in the existing small molecule peptide compound feeds often only focus on providing basic nutritional functions, and are not targeted enough for the complex physiological needs of farmed animals, such as enhancing immunity, improving stress resistance, and promoting the growth of specific tissues. Absorption efficiency needs to be improved: The structure of some small molecule peptides may not be conducive to the absorption of farmed animals, resulting in low bioavailability in animals and failure to give full play to their nutritional and functional advantages. Activity is not stable enough: During the storage and processing of feed, the activity of small molecule peptides is easily affected by environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, pH value, etc.) and reduced, affecting the final use effect. The specificity for farmed animals is not strong: The current small molecule peptides have not been optimized for the physiological characteristics of different farmed animals, resulting in large differences in effects in different animal species, which cannot meet the diverse breeding needs. For example, small molecule peptides are of a single type, have low activity, and have unclear effects on specific targets. In addition, most small molecule peptides have been widely reported, and there is limited room for innovation and improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a small molecule peptide compound nutrient breeding feed, which includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: an Ala-Val-Glu-His-Tyr-Ile-Pro sequence for broiler growth; a Leu-Asp-Ser-Asn-Gln-Lys-Trp sequence for laying hens, a Gly-Thr-Ala-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys sequence for pig immunity enhancement, a Ser-Glu-Thr-Leu-Ile-Asp-His sequence for cow mammary gland development, an Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-P sequence for aquatic animals stress resistance, and a Ser-Glu-Thr-Leu-Ile-Asp-His sequence for aquatic animals stress resistance. ro-Thr-Tyr sequence, Ile-Gln-Pro-His-Lys-Asp-Val sequence for regulating fat metabolism in mutton, Pro-Ala-Glu-Lys-Ser-Thr-Leu sequence for bone development in meat ducks, Asp-Glu-Thr-His-Lys-Pro-Ser sequence for improving eggshell quality in laying ducks, Val-Leu-His-Arg-Pro-Asp-Gly sequence for improving muscle quality in beef cattle, and Gln-His-Thr-Cys-Pro-Met-Asn sequence for optimizing fur growth in rabbits.

[0004] Furthermore, it also contains amino acids, the total amount of which accounts for 10%-20% of the total mass of the feed, including but not limited to lysine, methionine, and tryptophan to meet the nutritional needs of farmed animals.

[0005] Furthermore, the feed contains vitamins, the total amount of which accounts for 1%-5% of the total mass of the feed, including vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and B vitamins, which are used to maintain the normal physiological functions of farmed animals.

[0006] Furthermore, it also contains minerals, the total amount of which accounts for 5%-10% of the total mass of the feed, including calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and selenium, which play an important role in the bone development and metabolism of farmed animals.

[0007] Furthermore, the probiotics added to the feed have a viable count of 1×10 8 -1×10 10 CFU / g, including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus, which help regulate the intestinal microecological balance of farmed animals.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for preparing the small molecule peptide compound nutritional aquaculture feed comprises the following steps:

[0009] Synthesizing the small molecule peptide with a specific sequence by chemical synthesis or enzymatic hydrolysis;

[0010] Weigh the small molecule peptides, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and probiotic raw materials according to the formula;

[0011] Mixing the small molecule peptide and other nutrients uniformly in a mixer;

[0012] Under the conditions of temperature of 30-50℃ and suitable humidity, the mixed material is made into granular or powdered feed by using a granulator;

[0013] The encapsulation technology is used to encapsulate small molecule peptides and probiotics with natural or synthetic polymer materials such as chitosan, sodium alginate, and gelatin to enhance their stability.

[0014] Furthermore, the chemical synthesis method is solid phase synthesis or liquid phase synthesis, and small molecule peptides are synthesized by gradually adding amino acids; the enzymatic hydrolysis method is to use specific proteases to hydrolyze large molecular proteins to obtain target small molecule peptides, and then obtain high-purity small molecule peptides through separation and purification techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography, ultrafiltration, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, during the raw material preparation stage, the probiotics are freeze-dried or microencapsulated to ensure their activity and stability.

[0016] Furthermore, during the mixing and processing, the stirring speed is adjusted according to the raw material characteristics and the mixing effect, generally 50-120 rpm, and the mixing time is 30-80 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the ingredients.

[0017] Beneficial technical effects:

[0018] Through in-depth research on the physiological processes of farmed animals, small molecule peptides with specific sequences are designed. They have unique spatial structures and chemical properties, and can specifically bind to targets in farmed animals to exert new functions.

[0019] Target-specific mechanism of action: Determine the target of small molecule peptides, such as binding to specific receptors on the surface of animal cells, activating or inhibiting signaling pathways within cells to achieve specific functions such as promoting growth, regulating immunity, and improving anti-stress ability.

[0020] Synergy of complex nutrients: Rationally combine new small molecule peptides with other nutrients (such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, etc.) to create a synergistic effect between them and further enhance the comprehensive nutritional effect of the feed.

[0021] Preparation process optimization: A new preparation process is used to ensure the stability and activity of small molecule peptides during feed processing, while ensuring their uniform dispersion to improve the overall quality of the feed.

[0022] Stability enhancement technology: Use special encapsulation or protection technology to prevent small molecule peptides from being inactivated due to environmental factors during feed storage and use.

[0023] Customized design: According to the physiological characteristics and growth stages of different farmed animals, the types, contents and other nutrients of small molecule peptides are customized to improve the pertinence and applicability of feed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example 1: Broiler Feed - Growth-Promoting Small Molecule Peptide

[0025] Design principle of small molecule peptide: Based on the demand for protein synthesis during the growth of broiler chickens, a small molecule peptide that can promote muscle cell growth is designed.

[0026] Specific sequence: Ala-Val-Glu-His-Tyr-Ile-Pro, molecular weight is about 950Da.

[0027] Target: Acts on the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) on the surface of broiler muscle cells, activates the downstream PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, and promotes protein synthesis and cell proliferation.

[0028] Preparation method: The small molecule peptide was synthesized by solid phase synthesis, and then the feed was prepared according to the following formula.

[0029] Small molecule peptide: 10kg.

[0030] Amino acids: lysine 5kg, methionine 3kg, tryptophan 2kg, etc., the total amount accounts for 15% of the total mass of the feed.

[0031] Vitamins: Vitamin A 0.5kg, Vitamin D 0.3kg, Vitamin E 0.2kg, Vitamin B complex 1kg, etc. The total amount accounts for 3% of the total mass of the feed.

[0032] Minerals: 3kg calcium, 2kg phosphorus, 0.5kg iron, 0.3kg zinc, 0.2kg selenium, etc., the total amount accounts for 8% of the total mass of the feed.

[0033] Probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, with a viable count of 5×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2kg.

[0034] Mixing and processing: The above raw materials are fully mixed in a mixer at a stirring speed of 50-100 rpm for 30-60 minutes. At a temperature of 40°C, the mixed materials are made into pellet feed with a diameter of 3-5 mm using a pelletizer.

[0035] Stability treatment: The small molecule peptide and Lactobacillus acidophilus are encapsulated with sodium alginate, the encapsulating agent is dissolved in an aqueous solution to form a solution with a concentration of 5%-10%, and the solution is evenly mixed with the small molecule peptide and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and then spray-dried or freeze-dried to form encapsulated particles.

[0036] Example 2: Laying hen feed - small molecule peptide for improving egg production performance

[0037] Design principle of small molecule peptides: designed to meet the needs of laying hens for reproductive hormone regulation and nutrient transport during egg-laying.

[0038] Specific sequence: Leu-Asp-Ser-Asn-Gln-Lys-Trp, molecular weight is approximately 1050Da.

[0039] Target: It acts on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) on the surface of laying hen ovarian cells to regulate the secretion of gonadotropin, thereby affecting follicle development and egg-laying performance. At the same time, it can also enhance the activity of targets related to the synthesis and transport of yolk precursor proteins in the liver.

[0040] Preparation method: Small molecule peptides are prepared from soybean protein by enzymatic hydrolysis and used in feed preparation after separation and purification.

[0041] Small molecule peptide: 8kg.

[0042] Amino acids: adjusted according to the nutritional needs of laying hens, with the total amount accounting for 18% of the total feed mass.

[0043] Vitamins: Add according to the nutritional needs of laying hens, the total amount accounts for 4% of the total feed mass.

[0044] Minerals: Added according to the nutritional needs of laying hens, the total amount accounts for 7% of the total feed mass.

[0045] Probiotics: Bifidobacterium, with a viable count of 8×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 3kg.

[0046] Mixing and processing: Mix the raw materials at a stirring speed of 80-120rpm for 40-80 minutes to make powdered feed.

[0047] Stability treatment: small molecule peptides and bifidobacteria are encapsulated with chitosan to form encapsulated particles.

[0048] Example 3: Pig breeding feed-immune enhancing small molecule peptide

[0049] Design principle of small molecule peptides: Based on the characteristics of the pig immune system, small molecule peptides that can activate immune cells are designed.

[0050] Specific sequence: Gly-Thr-Ala-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys, molecular weight is approximately 850Da.

[0051] Target: Acts on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of pig macrophages, activates the NF-κB signaling pathway, promotes the activation of immune cells and the secretion of cytokines, and enhances immune function.

[0052] Preparation method: synthesize small molecule peptides in chemical liquid phase, and then prepare feed according to the following formula.

[0053] Small molecule peptide: 12kg.

[0054] Amino acids: The total amount accounts for 16% of the total mass of feed.

[0055] Vitamins: The total amount accounts for 2% of the total mass of feed.

[0056] Minerals: The total amount accounts for 6% of the total mass of feed.

[0057] Probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium mixed, with 4×10 viable bacteria respectively 9 CFU / g and 3×10 9 CFU / g, the total amount added is 3kg.

[0058] Mixing and processing: Mix the raw materials at 35℃, stir evenly and make pellet feed.

[0059] Stability treatment: Use gelatin to encapsulate small molecule peptides and probiotics.

[0060] Example 4: Dairy Cow Feed - Mammary Gland Development Promoting Small Molecular Peptide

[0061] Design principles of small molecule peptides: designed in combination with the physiological mechanisms of cow mammary gland development and lactation.

[0062] Specific sequence: Ser-Glu-Thr-Leu-Ile-Asp-His, molecular weight is about 900Da.

[0063] Target: Acts on the prolactin receptor (PRLR) on the surface of cow mammary epithelial cells, activates the JAK2-STAT5 signaling pathway, promotes the proliferation and differentiation of mammary cells, and improves lactation performance.

[0064] Preparation method: Small molecule peptides are synthesized in solid phase and then used in feed preparation.

[0065] Small molecule peptide: 9kg.

[0066] Amino acids: Configured according to the nutritional needs of dairy cows, the total amount accounts for 14% of the total mass of feed.

[0067] Vitamins: The total amount accounts for 3% of the total mass of feed.

[0068] Minerals: The total amount accounts for 8% of the total mass of feed.

[0069] Probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, viable count 6×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2.5kg.

[0070] Mixing and processing: After mixing, make pellet feed at 45℃.

[0071] Stability treatment: Use sodium alginate and chitosan to compositely encapsulate small molecule peptides and probiotics.

[0072] Example 5: Aquaculture feed - anti-stress small molecule peptide (for fish)

[0073] Design principles of small molecule peptides: Designed taking into account the stress response mechanism of fish when the water environment changes.

[0074] Specific sequence: Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Thr-Tyr, molecular weight is approximately 920Da.

[0075] Target: Acts on the regulatory sites of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) on the surface of fish gill cells and liver cells, promotes the expression of HSP70, and enhances the tolerance of cells to environmental stress.

[0076] Preparation method: Small molecule peptides are prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and used in feed after purification by ultrafiltration and ion exchange chromatography.

[0077] Small molecule peptide: 7kg.

[0078] Amino acids: adjusted according to the nutritional needs of fish, the total amount accounts for 17% of the total feed mass.

[0079] Vitamins: Added according to the nutritional needs of fish, the total amount accounts for 5% of the total feed mass.

[0080] Minerals: Added according to the nutritional needs of fish, the total amount accounts for 7% of the total feed mass.

[0081] Probiotics: Bacillus, viable count 7×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 3kg.

[0082] Mixing and processing: Make it into powdered feed, which is convenient for fish to eat.

[0083] Stability treatment: Small molecule peptides and Bacillus were encapsulated with polyvinyl alcohol.

[0084] Example 6: Sheep breeding feed - fat metabolism regulating small molecule peptide

[0085] Design principle of small molecule peptides: Designed based on the need to regulate fat metabolism during the fattening process of meat sheep.

[0086] Specific sequence: Ile-Gln-Pro-His-Lys-Asp-Val, molecular weight is about 1000Da.

[0087] Target: Acts on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) on the surface of fat cells in sheep, regulates the differentiation and lipid metabolism of fat cells, and promotes the rational deposition of fat.

[0088] Preparation method: Chemically synthesize small molecule peptides and use them in feed production.

[0089] Small molecule peptide: 11kg.

[0090] Amino acids: The total amount accounts for 15% of the total mass of feed.

[0091] Vitamins: The total amount accounts for 2.5% of the total mass of feed.

[0092] Minerals: The total amount accounts for 6.5% of the total mass of feed.

[0093] Probiotics: Bifidobacterium, viable count 5×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2kg.

[0094] Mixing and processing: After mixing evenly, make pellet feed at 40℃.

[0095] Stability treatment: small molecule peptides and probiotics are encapsulated with sodium alginate.

[0096] Example 7: Meat duck breeding feed - bone development promoting small molecule peptide

[0097] Design principle of small molecule peptides: designed according to the needs of bone development in the rapid growth stage of meat ducks.

[0098] Specific sequence: Pro-Ala-Glu-Lys-Ser-Thr-Leu, molecular weight is approximately 880Da.

[0099] Target: Acts on the bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR) on the surface of duck osteoblasts, activates the Smad signaling pathway, promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and enhances bone strength.

[0100] Preparation method: small molecule peptides are synthesized in solid phase and then added to feed formula.

[0101] Small molecule peptide: 10kg.

[0102] Amino acids: The total amount accounts for 16% of the total mass of feed.

[0103] Vitamins: The total amount accounts for 3.5% of the total mass of feed.

[0104] Minerals: Calcium, phosphorus, etc. are added according to the needs of meat ducks, and the total amount accounts for 7.5% of the total mass of feed.

[0105] Probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, viable count 5×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2kg.

[0106] Mixing and processing: Mix at 38℃ to make pellet feed.

[0107] Stability treatment: encapsulation of small molecule peptides and probiotics with chitosan.

[0108] Example 8: Egg-laying duck breeding feed - small molecule peptide for improving eggshell quality

[0109] Design principle of small molecule peptides: designed to meet the transport and deposition requirements of substances related to eggshell formation during egg-laying ducks.

[0110] Specific sequence: Asp-Glu-Thr-His-Lys-Pro-Ser, molecular weight is approximately 930Da.

[0111] Target: Acts on calcium-binding protein D9k (CaBP-D9k)-related receptors on the surface of oviduct epithelial cells of laying ducks, promotes calcium absorption and transport, and improves the calcium content and quality of eggshells.

[0112] Preparation method: Small molecule peptides are prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and then used in feed production.

[0113] Small molecule peptide: 8kg.

[0114] Amino acids: adjusted according to the nutritional requirements of laying ducks, the total amount accounts for 17% of the total mass of feed.

[0115] Vitamins: Added according to the nutritional needs of laying ducks, the total amount accounts for 4% of the total feed mass.

[0116] Minerals: Calcium, phosphorus, etc. are added according to demand, and the total amount accounts for 8% of the total mass of the feed.

[0117] Probiotics: Bifidobacterium, viable count 6×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 3kg.

[0118] Mixing and processing: Make into powdered feed.

[0119] Stability treatment: Use gelatin and sodium alginate to compositely encapsulate small molecule peptides and probiotics.

[0120] Example 9: Beef cattle breeding feed - small molecule peptides for improving muscle quality

[0121] Design principle of small molecule peptide: In-depth research on the physiological mechanism of beef cattle muscle growth and meat quality improvement found that muscle cell proliferation, differentiation and muscle fiber type transformation have an important impact on meat quality. This small molecule peptide is designed to promote beef cattle muscle growth and optimize muscle fiber composition by regulating these physiological processes, thereby improving muscle quality.

[0122] Specific sequence: Val-Leu-His-Arg-Pro-Asp-Gly, molecular weight is about 980Da. Valine (Val) and Leucine (Leu) are branched-chain amino acids that play a key role in muscle protein synthesis, can provide energy and promote nitrogen retention, and contribute to muscle growth and repair. Histidine (His) participates in the synthesis of carnosine, which has antioxidant and muscle pH buffering effects, and has a positive effect on maintaining the normal physiological function of muscles and improving meat quality. Arginine (Arg) is not only a raw material for protein synthesis, but also promotes the production of nitric oxide, dilates blood vessels, increases blood supply to muscles, and provides more nutrients for muscle growth. Proline (Pro) participates in the synthesis of collagen, which is important for maintaining muscle structure and toughness. Aspartic acid (Asp) and glycine (Gly) play a role in cell metabolism and signal transduction, and help regulate the physiological activities of muscle cells.

[0123] Target: It mainly acts on MyoD (muscle differentiation factor) related receptors on the surface of muscle satellite cells of beef cattle muscle cells. When the small molecule peptide binds to the receptor, it activates downstream related signaling pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. The activation of these signaling pathways promotes the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cells, allowing more muscle satellite cells to fuse into muscle fibers, increasing the number and diameter of muscle fibers. At the same time, it can also regulate the transformation of muscle fiber types, allowing more anaerobic glycolytic muscle fibers (white muscle fibers) to transform into aerobic oxidative muscle fibers (red muscle fibers), improving the tenderness, juiciness and flavor content of the muscles, thereby significantly improving muscle quality. In addition, the small molecule peptide may also affect the mitochondrial function in muscle cells, enhance energy metabolism, and provide more sufficient energy for muscle growth and maintenance.

[0124] Preparation method: Use solid phase synthesis technology in chemical synthesis to prepare small molecule peptides. First, prepare the raw materials according to the following formula:

[0125] Small molecule peptide: 10kg.

[0126] Amino acids: Rationally formulated according to the nutritional needs and growth stages of beef cattle, the total amount accounts for 16% of the total feed mass. In addition to the conventional essential amino acids, the content of branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine) is appropriately increased to further promote muscle growth. At the same time, ensure sufficient supply of sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine and cystine, as they are also very important for the synthesis and structural stability of muscle protein.

[0127] Vitamins: Contains vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, B vitamins and other vitamins, the total amount of which accounts for 3% of the total weight of the feed. Vitamin A helps maintain the normal function of epithelial tissues and is beneficial to the health of the skin and mucous membranes of beef cattle; vitamin D participates in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and is essential for the development of bones and muscles; vitamin E has an antioxidant effect, which can protect muscle cells from damage by free radicals and improve meat quality; B vitamins participate in various physiological processes such as energy metabolism and protein synthesis, providing necessary support for the growth of beef cattle.

[0128] Minerals: including macro and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and selenium, accounting for 7% of the total feed weight. Calcium and phosphorus are the main components of bones, and play a key role in the bone development and muscle support of beef cattle; iron is an important component of hemoglobin, participating in the transportation of oxygen to ensure that muscles have sufficient oxygen supply; zinc participates in the synthesis and metabolism of a variety of enzymes, and has an important impact on the growth, immunity and reproductive function of beef cattle; selenium has antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, which can improve the disease resistance of beef cattle, and also has a certain improvement effect on meat quality.

[0129] Probiotics: Bacillus subtilis was selected as a probiotic to be added to the feed, with a viable count of 6×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2.5kg. Bacillus subtilis can regulate the intestinal microecological balance of beef cattle, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the digestion and absorption rate of feed, provide beef cattle with more adequate nutrition, and is conducive to muscle growth and development.

[0130] Mixing and processing: The above raw materials are fully mixed in a high-efficiency mixer, with the stirring speed set at 70-110rpm and the mixing time set at 45-75 minutes to ensure that the various ingredients are evenly distributed. Then, at a temperature of 43°C and suitable humidity conditions, the mixture is made into pellet feed with a diameter of 4-6mm using an advanced pelletizer. This particle size is suitable for the feeding habits of beef cattle and can reduce feed waste.

[0131] Stability treatment: The small molecule peptides and Bacillus subtilis are encapsulated by the composite encapsulation technology of gelatin and sodium alginate. First, gelatin and sodium alginate are dissolved in an appropriate amount of warm water to make solutions of a certain concentration. Then, the small molecule peptides and Bacillus subtilis are fully mixed with the two solutions. Then, the mixture is made into encapsulated particles by spray drying. This composite encapsulation technology can effectively protect the activity of small molecule peptides and probiotics during storage and processing, and prevent them from being inactivated by external environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity, oxygen, etc.). At the same time, in the gastrointestinal tract of beef cattle, the encapsulated particles can gradually dissolve, allowing the small molecule peptides and probiotics to be slowly released and give full play to their effects.

[0132] Example 10: Rabbit breeding feed - small molecule peptide optimized for fur growth

[0133] Small molecule peptide design principle: It is designed based on the rabbit's needs for fur development and nutritional supply during growth. The quality of rabbit fur is affected by many factors, including the development of hair follicles, the synthesis of keratin, and the transportation of nutrients. This small molecule peptide is designed to promote the healthy growth and quality of fur by regulating related physiological processes.

[0134] Specific sequence: Gln-His-Thr-Cys-Pro-Met-Asn, molecular weight is about 960Da. The sulfur atom in cysteine ​​(Cys) plays a key role in the formation of keratin. It can participate in the formation of disulfide bonds, which helps maintain the stable structure of keratin, thus affecting the strength and toughness of hair. Other amino acids such as glutamine (Gln) and histidine (His) may provide necessary nutrition and energy for hair follicle cells by participating in the metabolic process of cells, thereby promoting their growth and differentiation.

[0135] Target: Acts on specific receptors on the surface of rabbit hair follicle cells, which are associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. By binding to the receptor, the MAPK signaling pathway is activated, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of hair follicle cells, while upregulating the expression of keratin genes, increasing keratin synthesis, and thus optimizing the growth and quality of fur. In addition, this small molecule peptide may also affect the function of skin vascular endothelial cells, promote skin blood circulation, and ensure that hair follicles receive adequate nutrient supply.

[0136] Preparation method: The small molecule peptide is synthesized by solid phase synthesis. First, the raw materials are prepared according to the following formula:

[0137] Small molecule peptide: 9kg.

[0138] Amino acids: According to the nutritional needs of rabbits, choose the appropriate amino acid types and proportions, and the total amount accounts for 15% of the total feed weight. For example, arginine plays an important role in the growth and immunity of rabbits, and its content in the amino acid formula can be appropriately increased; sulfur-containing amino acids (such as methionine) are essential for the growth of fur and also need to be reasonably allocated.

[0139] Vitamins: including vitamin A, vitamin E, biotin and other vitamins that are beneficial to the health of fur, accounting for 3% of the total weight of the feed. Vitamin A helps maintain the normal function of epithelial tissue, vitamin E has an antioxidant effect and can protect skin cells from damage by free radicals, and biotin participates in the synthesis of keratin and has an important impact on the quality of fur.

[0140] Minerals: such as trace elements such as zinc, copper, and selenium, the total amount of which accounts for 7% of the total feed weight. Zinc is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of a variety of enzymes, and plays a key role in maintaining the normal function of the skin and hair follicles; copper is a component of tyrosinase, which is related to the synthesis of melanin and affects the color of fur; selenium has antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, which helps to improve the overall health of rabbits and indirectly promotes fur growth.

[0141] Probiotics: Choose probiotics suitable for rabbit intestines, such as Enterococcus faecalis, with a viable count of 5×10 9 CFU / g, the added amount is 2kg. Probiotics help regulate the intestinal microecological balance of rabbits, improve the digestion and absorption rate of feed, provide rabbits with more adequate nutrition, and are beneficial to the growth of fur.

[0142] Mixing and processing: The above raw materials are fully mixed in a mixer, the stirring speed is controlled at 60-100rpm, and the mixing time is 40-60 minutes to ensure that the ingredients are evenly distributed. Then, the mixed materials are made into pellet feed with a diameter of 2-4mm using a granulator at a temperature of 42℃ and suitable humidity conditions to meet the feeding habits of rabbits.

[0143] Stability treatment: Use sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to embed the small molecule peptides and probiotics. Dissolve sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in an appropriate amount of aqueous solution to form a solution with a concentration of 6%-10%, and then fully mix it with the small molecule peptides and probiotics. Then, the mixture is made into embedding particles by spray drying or freeze drying to effectively prevent the small molecule peptides and probiotics from being inactivated during storage and use.

[0144] Performance Testing

[0145] Growth performance test:

[0146] The corresponding farmed animals were fed with the 10 kinds of feeds (each embodiment) of the present invention and the feed of comparative example 1, and the growth indicators such as the weight and body length of the animals were measured regularly to calculate the average daily weight gain. For example, for broilers, the weight was measured once a week, and the average daily weight gain from the brooding period to the market period was calculated; for laying hens, the indicators such as the age of the first laying day and the egg production during the peak laying period were recorded.

[0147] Immune index test:

[0148] Blood samples from farmed animals are collected regularly to test immune indicators such as the number of white blood cells, lymphocyte subset ratios, and immunoglobulin (such as IgG, IgA, and IgM) in the blood. These indicators are used to evaluate the immune status of animals and determine the effects of small molecule peptides on immune function. For example, for pigs, blood is collected before and after vaccination to test changes in immunoglobulins and analyze whether small molecule peptides enhance the immune response of pigs to vaccines.

[0149] Anti-stress ability test:

[0150] Simulate common stress conditions, such as high temperature, low temperature, transportation, and group transfer, and observe the animal's behavioral performance (such as feeding, drinking, and activity), physiological indicators (such as body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate), and changes in the content of stress hormones (such as cortisol) in the blood. For aquaculture fish, the stress response of fish can be observed by changing water temperature, water quality, and other conditions, and the effect of small molecule peptides on improving their anti-stress ability can be evaluated.

[0151] Product quality testing:

[0152] For meat animals, various quality indicators of meat are measured after slaughter, such as muscle tenderness (measured by shear force), meat color (measured by colorimeter), marbling score (assessment of fat distribution), drip loss (reflecting the water retention of meat) and the content of flavor substances (analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). For egg-laying animals, the quality of eggs is tested, including indicators such as egg weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, yolk color, and Haugh units (measurement of protein quality). For example, for laying ducks, a certain number of eggs are randomly selected every week to test the above quality indicators, and the differences between the feed of the present invention and the traditional feed are compared.

[0153] Test Results

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] It can be seen from the test results that the small molecule peptide compound nutritional breeding feed of the present invention is significantly superior to traditional feed in promoting growth, enhancing immunity, improving stress resistance and improving product quality, and has played a good role in meeting the specific needs of different farmed animals.

[0157] Precautions

[0158] In the process of small molecule peptide synthesis, the reaction conditions must be strictly controlled to ensure the accuracy and purity of the synthesis and avoid the introduction of impurities. For example, in the solid phase synthesis method, the reaction efficiency and selectivity of the steps such as amino acid activation and coupling must be guaranteed, the reaction progress must be monitored in time, and the purity of the product must be detected by means such as high performance liquid chromatography.

[0159] The selection and processing of raw materials must be strictly controlled. In particular, the activity and stability of probiotics are crucial, and the corresponding specifications must be followed during storage and use. For example, freeze-dried probiotics should be stored in a low temperature and dry environment, and should be avoided from long-term exposure to air before use to prevent their activity from decreasing.

[0160] During the encapsulation process, the process parameters should be precisely adjusted according to different encapsulation materials and methods to ensure the encapsulation effect and release characteristics. For example, when using sodium alginate for encapsulation, the concentration of sodium alginate, the amount of cross-linking agent, and the encapsulation time and temperature should be controlled to ensure the stability of small molecule peptides and probiotics during storage, and to ensure that they can be released and exert their effects in animals in a timely manner.

[0161] When conducting performance tests, the consistency of the test environment must be ensured to minimize the interference of other factors on the test results. For example, in the growth performance test of farmed animals, the temperature, humidity, light and other environmental conditions of the breeding site must be the same, and the feeding method and amount of feed must also be consistent to accurately evaluate the effect of the feed.

[0162] The present invention provides a small molecule peptide compound nutrition breeding feed and a preparation method thereof, which solves various pain points of existing small molecule peptide feeds by designing new small molecule peptide sequences, determining targets and optimizing preparation processes. The feed has significant advantages such as promoting the growth of farmed animals, enhancing immunity, improving stress resistance and improving product quality, and provides an efficient and high-quality feed solution for the breeding industry.

Claims

1. A small molecule peptide compound nutritional feed, characterized in that: The amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: Ala-Val-Glu-His-Tyr-Ile-Pro sequence for broiler growth; Leu-Asp-Ser-Asn-Gln-Lys-Trp sequence for laying hens, Gly-Thr-Ala-Arg-Pro-Val-Lys sequence for pig immunity enhancement, Ser-Glu-Thr-Leu-Ile-Asp-His sequence for cow mammary development, Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Thr sequence for aquatic animals stress resistance. r-Tyr sequence, Ile-Gln-Pro-His-Lys-Asp-Val sequence for regulating fat metabolism in mutton, Pro-Ala-Glu-Lys-Ser-Thr-Leu sequence for bone development in meat ducks, Asp-Glu-Thr-His-Lys-Pro-Ser sequence for improving eggshell quality in laying ducks, Val-Leu-His-Arg-Pro-Asp-Gly sequence for improving muscle quality in beef cattle, and Gln-His-Thr-Cys-Pro-Met-Asn sequence for optimizing fur growth in rabbits.

2. The small molecule peptide compound nutritional breeding feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also contains amino acids, the total amount of which accounts for 10%-20% of the total mass of the feed, including but not limited to lysine, methionine, and tryptophan to meet the nutritional needs of farmed animals.

3. The small molecule peptide compound nutritional breeding feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed contains vitamins, the total amount of which accounts for 1%-5% of the total mass of the feed, including vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin B group, which are used to maintain the normal physiological functions of farmed animals.

4. The small molecule peptide compound nutritional breeding feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also contains minerals, accounting for 5%-10% of the total mass of the feed, including calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and selenium, which play an important role in the bone development and metabolism of farmed animals.

5. The small molecule peptide compound nutritional feed for breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probiotics added to the feed have a viable count of 1×10 8 -1×10 10 CFU / g, including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacillus, helps regulate the intestinal microecological balance of farmed animals.

6. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide compound nutritional feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Synthesizing the small molecule peptide with a specific sequence by chemical synthesis or enzymatic hydrolysis; Weigh the small molecule peptides, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and probiotic raw materials according to the formula; Mixing the small molecule peptide and other nutrients uniformly in a mixer; Under the conditions of temperature of 30-50℃ and suitable humidity, the mixed material is made into granular or powdered feed by using a granulator; The encapsulation technology is used to encapsulate small molecule peptides and probiotics with natural or synthetic polymer materials such as chitosan, sodium alginate, and gelatin to enhance their stability.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chemical synthesis method is solid phase synthesis or liquid phase synthesis, and small molecule peptides are synthesized by gradually adding amino acids; the enzymatic hydrolysis method is to use specific proteases to hydrolyze large molecule proteins to obtain target small molecule peptides, and then obtain high-purity small molecule peptides through separation and purification techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography, ultrafiltration, etc.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the raw material preparation stage, probiotics are freeze-dried or microencapsulated to ensure their activity and stability.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the mixing and processing, the stirring speed is adjusted according to the characteristics of the raw materials and the mixing effect, generally 50-120rpm, and the mixing time is 30-80 minutes to ensure uniform distribution of the ingredients.

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