Traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging egg laying period of laying hens as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine feed additive

Abstract

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging the laying period of laying hens and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicines. The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging the egg laying period of laying hens. The traditional Chinese medicine feed additive is prepared from the following raw material medicines in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of red clover and 250-300 parts of rhizoma cyperi. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive. The Chinese veterinary theory believes that egg laying of chickens belongs to reproductive behaviors and is mainly influenced by kidneys, the egg laying later period of laying hens and reduction of the egg yield belong to the characterization of kidney qi attenuation, and in the raw material medicines, red clover and rhizoma cyperi belong to triple-jiao meridians and can regulate lower jiao and promote kidney qi regeneration, so that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of improving the immunity of the laying hens and improving the immunity of the laying hens. The combination of the two components has certain effects of promoting egg laying of the laying hens and prolonging the egg laying period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicines. Background Art

[0002] Laying hens are the main producers of egg products, and their healthy growth plays an important role in improving egg-laying performance. With the continuous expansion of livestock and poultry farming and highly intensive development, the traditional 500-day laying hen breeding cycle has no economic benefits. At present, farmers can only effectively improve the benefits of laying hen breeding by extending the breeding cycle and strengthening feeding management. Studies have reported that changes in various environmental factors will lead to changes in the production performance of laying hens. In the production process of laying hen breeding, many environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, feed, climate, etc. will restrict the production performance of laying hens.

[0003] The egg-laying performance of poultry is mainly regulated by the reproductive axis composed of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads, among which gonadotropin-releasing hormone is an important factor. In the body, sex hormones bind to the hypothalamic receptors of the central nervous system and affect the pituitary gland and secretion by changing the release of hormones. The secretion of estrogen and progesterone has a certain effect on egg-laying performance. Some chemical synthetic additives (such as hormones, antibiotics, heavy metals, etc.) may cause drug residues, affecting egg quality and food safety.

[0004] Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), also known as red clover and red Dutch clover, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Trifolium in the Leguminosae family. It is the most important species among the 255 species of the genus Trifolium. Due to its rich nutritional value, high seed vitality, easy establishment, rapid growth, nitrogen fixation and soil improvement, and rich flavonoids and isoflavone compounds, red clover is widely used as high-quality forage, green space plants, soil and water conservation plants and medicinal plants around the world. Studies have shown that isoflavones have a similar structure to estradiol, not only have weak estrogenic activity and anti-estrogenic effects, but also have a series of important biological functions such as anti-oxidation, cholesterol lowering, anti-tumor, and improvement of cardiovascular function. At the same time, as a physiological regulator, it can change the levels of endogenous hormones such as prolactin, growth hormone, and testosterone in animal blood.

[0005] There are also traces of the development of related functions of red clover. Empie et al. (2002) extracted isoflavones, saponins, saponin, catechins, phenolic acids and other chemical components from plant materials such as red clover, soybeans, wheat, oats, cocoa, alfalfa, flax, etc., and then mixed them in a certain proportion to make mixtures in the form of pills, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, etc.

[0006] Cyperus rotundus is the dried rhizome of Cyperus rotundus, a plant of the Cyperaceae family. It tastes spicy, slightly bitter, and sweet, and is neutral in nature. It has the effects of soothing the liver and relieving depression, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, and regulating qi and regulating the middle. It is a commonly used gynecological medicine in traditional Chinese medicine. The Compendium of Materia Medica praises it as "the general director of qi diseases and the commander of gynecology." Cyperus rotundus is often used clinically to treat chest and flank distension and pain caused by liver qi stagnation, hernia abdominal pain, and can also be used to treat irregular menstruation, abdominal pain during menstruation, and premenstrual breast pain.

[0007] The formulas of Chinese herbal feed additives are diverse, and the effects of different Chinese herbal ingredients and ratios vary greatly, and there is a lack of unified standardized formulas. This makes it difficult to determine the best formula in practical applications, affecting its promotion and use. Although Chinese herbal additives have shown a variety of biological activities in practice, their specific mechanisms of action have not yet been fully clarified. This limits the in-depth research and optimization of Chinese herbal additives. At present, there are no relevant literature reports on the use of red clover and Cyperus rotundus to extend the egg-laying cycle of laying hens. Summary of the invention

[0008] The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, and also provides a preparation method and application of the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive.

[0009] The present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, which is prepared from raw materials with the following weight ratio: 300-500 parts of red clover and 250-300 parts of cyperus rotundus.

[0010] Preferably, it is prepared from the following bulk drugs in the following weight ratio: 500 parts of red clover and 250 parts of cyperus rotundus; or 300 parts of red clover and 300 parts of cyperus rotundus.

[0011] The Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention is prepared into a commonly used pharmaceutical preparation by adding pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials or auxiliary components into the raw material medicine powder, water or organic solvent extract as active ingredients.

[0012] Wherein, the preparation is powder, premix, tablet, capsule, granule, solution, suspension.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, which comprises the following steps: a. Weigh the APIs of various weight ratios; b. Add water for reflux extraction, collect volatile oil, and concentrate the water extract; c. Mix the volatile oil from step b with the concentrated solution, and add pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or auxiliary ingredients to prepare a commonly used pharmaceutical preparation.

[0014] The invention also provides use of the Chinese medicinal feed additive in preparing a Chinese veterinary medicine for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens.

[0015] The present invention also provides use of the Chinese medicinal feed additive in preparing a Chinese veterinary medicine for improving egg quality.

[0016] The red clover in the raw material of the present invention has the effects and functions of diuresis and detumescence, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving pain, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, and the cyperus rotundus has the effects of soothing the liver and relieving depression, regulating qi and relieving fullness, regulating menstruation and relieving pain points. At the same time, existing studies have shown that the volatile components of the cyperus rotundus also have a positive effect on gynecology. According to the theory of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, the egg laying of chickens belongs to reproductive behavior and is mainly affected by the kidneys. In the late egg laying period of laying hens, the egg laying volume decreases, which is a manifestation of kidney qi attenuation. In the raw material medicine of the present invention, the red clover and the cyperus rotundus both belong to the triple burner meridian, can regulate the lower burner, and promote the regeneration of kidney qi. The combination of the two has a certain effect of promoting egg laying in laying hens and prolonging the egg laying cycle.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention has a clear effect on prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, can prolong the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, and using the compound red clover granules in the later stage of breeding can effectively prolong the egg-laying cycle of laying hens to 60 weeks, and the eggshell strength, Haugh unit and egg shape index are high. The red clover, the raw material of the compound red clover granules, has a lower effect when used alone than when used in combination, wherein the addition of volatile oil has an obvious positive effect on increasing the effect, and can improve the economic value of laying hens. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is the ovarian section of the red clover extract group; Figure 2 This is the ovarian section of the Cyperus rotundus extract group; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the ovary in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ovary in Example 2; Figure 5 This is a picture of ovarian sections of group 3 of Example; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the ovary in Example 4; Figure 7 The figure is a blank control group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1 Preparation of the Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention Take 500g of red clover and 250g of Cyperus rotundus, put the crushed medicinal powder into a reflux extraction tank, add 16 times the amount of water as the medicinal material, reflux extraction once, collect the volatile oil for standby use, concentrate the extract and spray dry it (inlet air temperature 225℃, outlet air temperature 100℃, peristaltic pump speed 25L / hour, spray interval 3 seconds), pass the spray-dried powder into a boiling granulator, mix the volatile oil into 60ml of ethanol, spray it into the boiling granulator, and granulate to obtain compound red clover granules.

[0020] Example 2 Preparation of Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention Take 375g of red clover and 375g of Cyperus rotundus, put the crushed medicinal powder into a reflux extraction tank, add 12 times the amount of water as the medicinal material for reflux extraction, collect the volatile oil for standby use, concentrate the extract and spray dry it (inlet air temperature 200℃, outlet air temperature 110℃, peristaltic pump speed 25L / hour, spray interval 3 seconds), pass the spray-dried powder into a boiling granulator, mix the volatile oil into 60ml of ethanol, spray it into the boiling granulator, and granulate to obtain compound red clover granules.

[0021] Example 3 Preparation of Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention Take 375g of red clover and 375g of Cyperus rotundus, put the crushed medicinal powder into a reflux extraction tank, add 12 times the amount of medicinal water for reflux extraction, concentrate the extract and spray dry (inlet air temperature 200℃, outlet air temperature 110℃, peristaltic pump speed 25L / hour, spray interval 3 seconds), pass the spray-dried powder into a boiling granulator, and granulate to obtain compound red clover granules.

[0022] Example 4 Preparation of Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention Take 400g of red clover and 100g of Cyperus rotundus, put the crushed medicinal powder into a reflux extraction tank, add 12 times the amount of water as the medicinal material for reflux extraction, collect the volatile oil for standby use, concentrate the extract and spray dry it (inlet air temperature 200℃, outlet air temperature 110℃, peristaltic pump speed 25L / hour, spray interval 3 seconds), pass the spray-dried powder into a boiling granulator, mix the volatile oil into 60ml of ethanol, spray it into the boiling granulator, and granulate to obtain compound red clover granules.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are demonstrated by specific animal experiments as follows.

[0024] Experimental Example 1 Effect of the Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention on the egg quality of laying hens 1. Experimental animals: 700 laying hens of 47 weeks old with normal feeding and similar body weight were selected from the laying hen production line of Sichuan Dekang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Jianyang Base.

[0025] 2. Experimental drugs: red clover extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4 (the Chinese medicine granules prepared in Examples 1-4).

[0026] 3. Test methods: 3.1 Experimental Grouping: The 47-week-old laying hens were divided into 7 groups, each with 10 replicates, and each replicate had 10 hens, namely, the red clover extract (prepared according to the method of Example 1) group; the cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method of Example 1); the Example 1 group; the Example 2 group; the Example 3 group; the Example 4 group, and the dosage of each group was equivalent to 5.5 g / hen / day of the original medicinal material; the blank control group used the same weight of starch, and each group added 1% of the drug to the daily basic amount and administered orally. Pre-feeding for 1 week, and continuous administration for 12 weeks.

[0027] 3.2 Observation indicators After the administration, one egg was selected from each replicate in each group (10 eggs in each group) to measure egg quality such as eggshell strength, Haugh unit and egg shape index.

[0028] 4. Test results Table 1 Effects of adding different drugs on egg quality of laying hens Detection indicators Blank control group Red Clover Extract Group Cyperus rotundus extract group Example 1 Group Example 2 Group Example 3 Group Example 4 Group <![CDATA[Eggshell strength (kg / cm 2 ).]]> 35.17±0.86 38.37±0.98 36.42±1.07 <![CDATA[48.85±1.38 * ]]> <![CDATA[40.26±0.76 * ]]> 39.23±1.12 38.05±0.99 Haugh unit 79.35±1.10 80.46±3.52 80.83±2.15 <![CDATA[90.71±3.15 * ]]> <![CDATA[83.27±0.97 * ]]> 81.25±1.12 79.85±0.90 Egg shape index 1.24±0.01 1.26±0.13 1.25±0.25 1.32±0.01 1.30±0.18 1.27±0.26 1.27±1.15 Note:" * " indicates a significant difference compared with the blank control group ( p <0.05).

[0029] 5. Conclusion In Table 1, the eggshell strength and Haugh unit of the Example 1 and Example 2 groups in the late laying period were significantly different from those of the blank control group, indicating that adding the Example 1 and Example 2 groups to the diet can improve the egg quality in the late laying period, among which the effect of Example 1 is the best.

[0030] Experimental Example 2 Effect of the Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention on the egg production rate and defective egg rate of laying hens 1. Experimental animals: 1,260 laying hens of 47 weeks old with normal feeding and similar body weight were selected from the laying hen production line of Sichuan Dekang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Jianyang Base.

[0031] 2. Test drugs: red clover extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4 (the Chinese medicine granules prepared in Examples 1-4).

[0032] 3. Test methods: 3.1 Experimental Grouping: The 47-week-old laying hens were divided into 7 groups, each with 6 replicates and 30 hens in each replicate, namely the red clover extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1) group; the cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1); the Example 1 group; the Example 2 group; the Example 3 group; the Example 4 group; the blank control group, each group was administered with an amount equivalent to 5.5 g of the original medicinal material per day; the blank control group used the same weight of starch, and each group added 1% of the drug to the daily basic amount and administered orally. Pre-feeding for 1 week, and continuous administration for 12 weeks.

[0033] 3.2 Observation indicators During the experiment, the number of eggs laid by each group was recorded in units of repetitions every day. The egg laying rate and defective egg rate were calculated according to the following formula.

[0034] Egg production rate = [total number of eggs produced during the test period / (number of laying hens × number of test days)] × 100% Defective egg rate = (number of broken, soft, spotted, and sand-peeled eggs) / total number of eggs × 100% 4. Test results Table 2 Effects of adding different drugs on egg production rate and defective egg rate of laying hens project Blank control group Red Clover Extract Group Cyperus rotundus extract group Example 1 Group Example 2 Group Example 3 Group Example 4 Group Egg production rate (%) 83.34±1.57 85.47±0.82 85.82±1.46 <![CDATA[92.80±0.15 * ]]> <![CDATA[89.29±0.72 * ]]> <![CDATA[86.12±0.91 * ]]> <![CDATA[85.48±1.76 * ]]> Defective egg rate (%) 6.35±1.35 5.14±1.40 5.26±0.98 <![CDATA[3.98±1.24 * ]]> <![CDATA[4.23±1.50 * ]]> 5.10±1.18 <![CDATA[5.56±1.25 * ]]> Note:" * " indicates a significant difference compared with the blank control group ( p <0.05).

[0035] 5. Conclusion In Table 2, the egg production rates of the groups in Examples 1-4 were significantly higher than those of the blank control group, and the defective egg rates were significantly lower than those of the blank control group, indicating that adding the Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention to the diet can increase the egg production rate of laying hens in the late egg-laying period and reduce the defective eggs, among which Example 1 has the best effect. Experimental Example 3 Effect of the Chinese medicinal feed additive of the present invention on chicken ovarian aging 1. Experimental animals: 70 laying hens of 47 weeks old with normal feeding and similar body weight were selected from the laying hen production line of Sichuan Dekang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Jianyang Base.

[0036] 2. Experimental drugs: red clover extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method in Example 1), Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4 (the Chinese medicine granules prepared in Examples 1-4).

[0037] 3. Test methods: 3.1 Experimental Grouping: The 47-week-old laying hens were divided into 7 groups, each with 10 hens, namely, the red clover extract (prepared according to the method of Example 1) group; the cyperus rotundus extract (prepared according to the method of Example 1); the Example 1 group; the Example 2 group; the Example 3 group; the Example 4 group; and the blank control group. Except for the blank control group, the drugs were added to the daily basic amount at 1% in the other groups and administered orally. The hens were pre-fed for 1 week and the drugs were continuously administered for 12 weeks.

[0038] 3.2 Observation indicators After the administration, one chicken from each group was selected for dissection, and the ovaries were examined histologically to observe the condition of the follicles.

[0039] 4. Test results Ovarian sections of each drug group Figure 1-Figure 7 ; Figure 1 Many follicles were found in the ovarian cortex, including primary follicles and a small number of obviously rapidly developing follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 2 There are many follicles in the ovarian cortex, including primary follicles, obviously rapidly developing follicles and more mature follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 3 There are many follicles in the ovarian cortex, including primary follicles, rapidly developing follicles and more mature follicles, and there are more primary follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 4 There are many follicles in the ovarian cortex, including primary follicles, rapidly developing follicles and more mature follicles, and more mature follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 5 There are many follicles in the ovarian cortex, including primary follicles and a small number of more mature follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 6 There are many follicles in the ovarian cortex, including a small number of primary follicles and a small number of more mature follicles. HE, Bar=250 μm; Figure 7 A small number of follicles were found in the ovarian cortex, mainly atretic follicles (black arrows) and primary follicles (blue arrows), and no obvious rapidly developing follicles were found. HE, Bar=250 μm. Conclusion: The granules prepared in Example 1 can significantly delay ovarian aging of laying hens, prolong the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, and improve the egg quality. The granules prepared in Examples 2-4 are also beneficial to improving the egg-laying situation of laying hens in the later stage, but the effects are not as good as those in Example 1.

Claims

1. A Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 300-500 parts of red clover and 250-300 parts of cyperus rotundus.

2. The Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is prepared from the following raw materials in the following weight ratio: 500 parts of red clover and 250 parts of cyperus rotundus; or 300 parts of red clover and 300 parts of cyperus rotundus.

3. The Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It is prepared from the raw powder of the raw material medicine, water or organic solvent extract as active ingredients, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or auxiliary ingredients to form a commonly used pharmaceutical preparation.

4. The Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparations are powders, premixes, tablets, capsules, granules, solutions and suspensions.

5. A method for preparing the Chinese medicinal feed additive for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: a. Weigh the APIs of various weight ratios; b. Add water for reflux extraction, collect volatile oil, and concentrate the water extract; c. Mix the volatile oil from step b with the concentrated solution, and add pharmaceutically acceptable excipients or auxiliary ingredients to prepare a commonly used pharmaceutical preparation.

6. Use of the Chinese medicinal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of a Chinese veterinary medicine for prolonging the egg-laying cycle of laying hens.

7. Use of the Chinese medicinal feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of Chinese veterinary medicine for improving egg quality.

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