Processing method of rhizoma polygonati

Abstract

The invention provides a rhizoma polygonati processing method, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing. The processing method of the polygonatum kingianum mainly comprises the following steps: pre-drying the polygonatum kingianum, primarily steaming the polygonatum kingianum, carrying out ice-water bath vacuum moistening treatment on mixed yellow rice wine, repeatedly steaming and airing for three times, pre-cooling in an ice-water bath, rapidly cooling and standing at the temperature of 80 DEG C below zero, steaming at high temperature, drying until the water content is 8-10%, and the like. According to the method, the defects in the prior art are overcome, the steaming time is shortened, the processing procedure is simplified, the toxicity of the rhizoma polygonati is reduced on the basis that the polysaccharide content in the rhizoma polygonati is effectively reserved, the quality of the decoction pieces is improved, and the production and processing efficiency is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, and in particular to a processing method of polygonatum sibiricum. Background Art

[0002] Polygonatum sibiricum is a herbaceous plant of the genus Polygonatum in the Liliaceae family, mainly distributed in the Northeast region. It tastes sweet and is neutral in nature, and has the effects of nourishing qi and yin, and moistening the lungs. However, raw Polygonatum sibiricum is irritating and will cause numbness in the mouth and tongue when taken, so Polygonatum sibiricum is generally taken as medicine after processing. Nowadays, the main processing methods of Polygonatum sibiricum include steaming, wine processing, nine steaming and nine processing, etc. After processing, the polysaccharides, saponins and volatile substances of Polygonatum sibiricum have undergone significant changes, its medicinal efficacy is enhanced, and its irritation and toxicity are reduced, making it more suitable for human consumption.

[0003] There are no specific process parameters for Polygonatum sibiricum slices in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) and the processing specifications of various provinces. Most of them are processed according to clinical prescriptions, which leads to uneven quality of processed products and affects clinical efficacy. In addition, polysaccharides are the only quality control component of Polygonatum sibiricum specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). Therefore, the current processing requirements for Polygonatum sibiricum are often to retain the polysaccharide content in Polygonatum sibiricum as much as possible, and to reduce the irritating components of Polygonatum sibiricum, that is, to reduce toxicity and increase efficacy to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the preparation of high-efficiency and low-toxic Polygonatum sibiricum slices based on this and the existing processing technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a processing method for polygonatum, which effectively reduces the toxicity of polygonatum while retaining the polysaccharide content in polygonatum, improves the quality of the medicinal pieces, and comprehensively reduces the steaming time to improve production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for processing polygonatum, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of polygonatum: wash and slice the raw polygonatum, and dry it to a water content of 12%-15%, and prepare the pretreated polygonatum for later use; S2, preliminary steaming treatment: placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming at 120-140° C. for 4-6 hours, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; S3, pre-cooling treatment: the above preliminary steamed polygonatum is mixed with rice wine, and then sealed in an ice water bath, vacuumed and left to stand for 2-4 hours to obtain pre-cooled polygonatum for use; S4, repeated steaming treatment: placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120-140° C. for 1-2 hours, and then drying it in the sun for 4-6 hours, and repeating the steaming and drying for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; S5, rapid cooling treatment: treating the cooked polygonatum sibiricum in an ice water bath for 10-20 minutes, and then placing it in an environment below -80°C for rapid cooling for 3-5 minutes, and then taking out the rapidly cooled polygonatum sibiricum slices for use; S6, high temperature steaming treatment: the above-mentioned quick-cooled polygonatum slices are mixed with the polygonatum juice in the above step S2, and mixed evenly, and then placed in a steamer and steamed at 150-170°C for 1-2h, and then taken out and dried to a water content of 8%-10%, to obtain the prepared polygonatum slices.

[0006] Preferably, the thickness of the slices in step S1 is 5-10 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the drying temperature in step S1 is 40-50°C.

[0008] Preferably, the steaming pressure in step S2 is 0.20-0.25 MPa.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the preliminarily steamed polygonatum and rice wine is 10:1-2.

[0010] Preferably, the vacuum pressure in step S3 is 20-40 KPa.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure during steaming in step S4 is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa.

[0012] Preferably, the drying temperature in step S6 is 40-50°C.

[0013] Preferably, the steaming pressure in step S6 is 0.28-0.32 MPa.

[0014] The present invention provides a processing method of polygonatum, which has the advantages of: The processing method of the polygonatum sibiricum according to the present invention is mainly to slice and dry it in an early stage and then steam it once, then add rice wine and ice water bath to vacuum and moisten it, subsequently steam and air-dry it three times, and then quickly cool it in a short time and steam and dry it again. Compared with the traditional nine-steaming and nine-processing method, the number of steaming and the steaming time are greatly shortened, and the polysaccharide content of the final polygonatum sibiricum slices can be effectively guaranteed, while the irritation of the polygonatum sibiricum slices can be reduced, and the overall medicinal effect can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a bar graph comparing the content of polygonatum polysaccharide in different groups of polygonatum decoction pieces and raw polygonatum in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a bar graph comparing the effects of different groups of polygonatum sibiricum slices and raw polygonatum sibiricum extracts on HK-2 and ICE-6 cell proliferation in the examples of the present specification; Figure 3It is a bar graph comparing the content of polygonatum polysaccharide in polygonatum decoction pieces at different rapid cooling times in the embodiments of the specification of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bar graph comparing the effects of extracts of Polygonatum sibiricum slices on HK-2 and ICE-6 cell proliferation at different rapid cooling times in the examples of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0017] Preparation of Polygonatum sibiricum slices: (1) Wash the raw polygonatum, cut it into 5-10 mm thick slices, and dry it at 45±5℃ until the moisture content is 12%-15%. The pretreated polygonatum is ready for use; (2) placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 6 h under a pressure of 0.20 MPa, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining the preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; (3) Mix the steamed polygonatum sibiricum and rice wine in a mass ratio of 10:1, then seal and evacuate in an ice-water bath to a pressure of 20 KPa and let stand for 4 hours to obtain the pre-cooled polygonatum sibiricum for later use; (4) placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 2 h under a pressure of 0.2 MPa, and then airing it for 4 h, and repeating this step of steaming and airing it for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; (5) After treating the cooked polygonatum sibiricum in an ice water bath for 10 minutes, the cooked polygonatum sibiricum is placed in a -80°C environment for rapid cooling for 5 minutes, and then the rapidly cooled polygonatum sibiricum slices are taken out for use; (6) The above-mentioned rapidly cooled Polygonatum slices are mixed with the above-mentioned Polygonatum juice and stirred evenly, and then placed in a steamer and steamed at 150°C under a pressure of 0.28 MPa for 2 hours, and then taken out and dried at 45±5°C until the water content is 8%-10%, thereby obtaining the prepared Polygonatum slices. Embodiment 2:

[0018] Preparation of Polygonatum sibiricum slices: (1) Wash the raw polygonatum, cut it into 5-10 mm thick slices, and dry it at 45±5℃ until the moisture content is 12%-15%. The pretreated polygonatum is ready for use; (2) placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 140°C for 4 h under a pressure of 0.25 MPa, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining the preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; (3) Mix the steamed polygonatum sibiricum and rice wine in a mass ratio of 10:2, then seal and evacuate in an ice-water bath to a pressure of 40 KPa and let stand for 2 hours to obtain the pre-cooled polygonatum sibiricum for later use; (4) placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120-140° C. for 1-2 h under a pressure of 0.25 MPa, and then airing it for 4-6 h, and repeating this step of steaming and airing it for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; (5) treating the cooked polygonatum sibiricum in an ice water bath for 10-20 minutes, then placing it in an environment below -80°C for rapid cooling for 3 minutes, and then taking out the rapidly cooled polygonatum sibiricum slices for later use; (6) The above-mentioned rapidly cooled Polygonatum slices are mixed with the above-mentioned Polygonatum juice and stirred evenly, and then placed in a steamer and steamed at 170°C under a pressure of 0.32Mpa for 1 hour, and then taken out and dried at 45±5°C until the water content is 8%-10%, thereby obtaining the prepared Polygonatum slices. Comparative Example 1:

[0019] Preparation of Polygonatum sibiricum slices: (1) Wash the raw polygonatum, cut it into 5-10 mm thick slices, and dry it at 45±5℃ until the moisture content is 12%-15%. The pretreated polygonatum is ready for use; (2) placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 6 h under a pressure of 0.20 MPa, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining the preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; (3) Mix the steamed polygonatum sibiricum and rice wine in a mass ratio of 10:1, and then let it stand for 4 hours to soak, and then pre-cool the polygonatum sibiricum for later use; (4) placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 2 h under a pressure of 0.2 MPa, and then airing it for 4 h, and repeating this step of steaming and airing it for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; (5) After treating the cooked polygonatum sibiricum in an ice water bath for 10 minutes, the cooked polygonatum sibiricum is placed in a -80°C environment for rapid cooling for 5 minutes, and then the rapidly cooled polygonatum sibiricum slices are taken out for use; (6) The above-mentioned rapidly cooled Polygonatum slices are mixed with the above-mentioned Polygonatum juice and stirred evenly, and then placed in a steamer and steamed at 150°C under a pressure of 0.28 MPa for 2 hours, and then taken out and dried at 45±5°C until the water content is 8%-10%, thereby obtaining the prepared Polygonatum slices. Comparative Example 2:

[0020] Preparation of Polygonatum sibiricum slices: (1) Wash the raw polygonatum, cut it into 5-10 mm thick slices, and dry it at 45±5℃ until the moisture content is 12%-15%. The pretreated polygonatum is ready for use; (2) placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 6 h under a pressure of 0.20 MPa, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining the preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; (3) Mix the steamed polygonatum sibiricum and rice wine in a mass ratio of 10:1, then seal and evacuate in an ice-water bath to a pressure of 20 KPa and let stand for 4 hours to obtain the pre-cooled polygonatum sibiricum for later use; (4) placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120°C for 2 h under a pressure of 0.2 MPa, and then airing it for 4 h, and repeating this step of steaming and airing it for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; (5) Mix the above-mentioned cooked polygonatum slices with the above-mentioned polygonatum juice and mix them evenly, then place them in a steamer and steam them at 150°C under a pressure of 0.28Mpa for 2 hours, then take them out and dry them at 45±5°C until the water content is 8%-10%, thereby obtaining the processed polygonatum slices. Comparative Example 3:

[0021] Nine-steamed and nine-processed Polygonatum sibiricum decoction pieces: (1) Wash the raw polygonatum, cut it into 5-10 mm thick slices, and dry it at 45±5℃ until the moisture content is 12%-15%. The pretreated polygonatum is ready for use; (2) Put the dried polygonatum into a steamer and steam it at 120°C for 3 hours under a pressure of 0.20 MPa, then take it out and dry it naturally for 4 hours to obtain the preliminary steamed polygonatum for use; (3) Add the steamed polygonatum to the rice wine in a mass ratio of 10:1 and mix well, then put it into a steamer, steam it at 120°C for 3 hours under a pressure of 0.20 MPa, and then take it out and air it for 4 hours; (4) Repeat the above step (3) for 8 times. During the last drying, the water content of the polygonatum is controlled to be between 8% and 10%, thereby obtaining the nine-steamed and nine-processed polygonatum decoction slices. Detection:

[0022] 1. Detect the polysaccharide content of polygonatum sibiricum slices under different processing techniques (refer to the determination method of polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide under the polygonatum sibiricum item in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia): The same batch of raw polygonatum was selected, and the above examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 were used to prepare polygonatum slices, and the content of polygonatum polysaccharide in raw polygonatum and each group of polygonatum slices was detected. The specific results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0023] 2. Detect the cytotoxicity of Polygonatum sibiricum slices under different processing techniques. The specific operation methods are as follows: (1) Selecting the same batch of raw polygonatum, and preparing polygonatum decoction pieces respectively by using the above examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3; (2) Grind each group of Polygonatum sibiricum slices and raw Polygonatum sibiricum into powder, add methanol to each group of powder at a material ratio of 1:10 (g / mL), treat with ultrasound at 400W for 30 min, filter, add methanol to the residue again at a material ratio of 1:10 (g / mL), continue to treat with ultrasound at 400W for 30 min, filter, combine the two filtrates, and freeze-dry to obtain the extracts of each group; (3) Human renal proximal tubule cells HK-2 and rat small intestinal crypt epithelial cells ICE-6 were selected as experimental cells. HK-2 was cultured in DMEM medium (containing 100 U / mL penicillin and 0.1 g / L streptomycin) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 5% CO2 and saturated humidity; ICE-6 was cultured in DMEM medium (containing 100 μg / mL artificial recombinant insulin) at 37°C, 5% CO2 and saturated humidity.

[0024] (4) Determination of cell proliferation rate using MTT method: The above cells were cultured at a logarithmic growth phase of 1×10 5 / mL was inoculated in a 96-well plate (100μL / well). After culturing for 24h, different extracts (0.5 mg / mL) were added as experimental groups, with 5 replicate wells in each group. A control group (no extract) and a blank group (blank culture medium) were also set up, and the culture was continued for 24h. At the end of incubation, 20μL MTT was added to each well and the culture was continued for 4h. The supernatant was gently aspirated and 150 μL of DMSO was added to each well. The crystals were fully dissolved by low-speed shaking for 10 min. The absorbance of each well was measured at 490 nm by an enzyme-labeled instrument, and the cell proliferation rate was calculated (cell proliferation rate % = (A experimental group - A blank group) / (A control group - A blank group) × 100%). The specific results are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0025] It can be seen from the above table that the Polygonatum sibiricum processed in Example 1 and Example 2 and the Polygonatum sibiricum processed by nine-steaming and nine-processing have lower cytotoxicity.

[0026] 3. According to the method of Example 1, different quenching and placing times were controlled to prepare polygonatum slices, and the polygonatum polysaccharide content of the final polygonatum slices under different quenching times was detected. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3

[0027] Extracts were prepared from the pieces of Polygonatum cyrtonema prepared with different rapid cooling and placement times, and the effects on the proliferation of HK-2 and ICE-6 were detected. The specific experimental process refers to the above-mentioned experiment 2, and the results are shown in Table 4 below: Table 4

[0028] From the above tests, it can be seen that when the rapid cooling treatment is 3-5 minutes, the Polygonatum sibiricum slices have a higher cell proliferation rate and Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide content. With the increase of rapid cooling time, although the cell proliferation rate increases, the Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide content decreases significantly. When the rapid cooling treatment time is less than 3 minutes, the cell proliferation rate is low. Comprehensively considering the rapid cooling treatment time of 3-5 minutes, it is the optimal time.

[0029] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing polygonatum, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of polygonatum: wash and slice the raw polygonatum, and dry it to a water content of 12%-15%, and prepare the pretreated polygonatum for later use; S2, preliminary steaming treatment: placing the pretreated polygonatum in a steamer, steaming at 120-140° C. for 4-6 hours, collecting the polygonatum juice during steaming, and obtaining preliminary steamed polygonatum for later use; S3, pre-cooling treatment: the above preliminary steamed polygonatum is mixed with rice wine, and then sealed in an ice water bath, vacuumed and left to stand for 2-4 hours to obtain pre-cooled polygonatum for use; S4, repeated steaming treatment: placing the pre-cooled polygonatum in a steamer, steaming it at 120-140° C. for 1-2 hours, and then drying it in the sun for 4-6 hours, and repeating the steaming and drying for 3 times to obtain cooked polygonatum slices for later use; S5, rapid cooling treatment: treating the cooked polygonatum sibiricum in an ice water bath for 10-20 minutes, and then placing it in an environment below -80°C for rapid cooling for 3-5 minutes, and then taking out the rapidly cooled polygonatum sibiricum slices for use; S6, high temperature steaming treatment: the above-mentioned quick-cooled polygonatum slices are mixed with the polygonatum juice in the above step S2, and mixed evenly, and then placed in a steamer and steamed at 150-170°C for 1-2h, and then taken out and dried to a water content of 8%-10%, to obtain the prepared polygonatum slices.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the slices in step S1 is 5-10 mm.

3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step S1 is 40-50°C.

4. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steaming pressure in step S2 is 0.20-0.25 MPa.

5. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the mass ratio of the preliminarily steamed polygonatum and rice wine is 10:1-2.

6. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pressure in step S3 is 20-40 KPa.

7. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During steaming in step S4, the pressure is controlled to be 0.2-0.25 MPa.

8. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step S6 is 40-50°C.

9. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steaming pressure in step S6 is 0.28-0.32 MPa.

Images