Brain deep nuclear region regulation and control system based on minimally invasive brain-computer interface

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep brain nuclear region regulation and control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface, and belongs to the technical field of medical treatment. The system comprises a lumbar puncture surgery module, a minimally invasive central nervous system entering module, a passive super-flexible implantable probe device and a targeted fixed-point stimulation module. According to the deep brain nuclear region regulation and control system based on the minimally invasive brain-computer interface, the probe is navigated to a specific deep brain region through minimally invasive surgery, accurate nerve regulation and control are achieved, and various nervous system diseases are treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical technology, and specifically relates to a deep brain nuclear area regulation system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest in using neurotechnology to interface with the central nervous system (CNS) to diagnose and treat diseases. As these technologies continue to develop, the application areas have expanded from traditional treatments to more precise and personalized interventions. However, one of the main obstacles facing current technologies is how to access the nervous system in a minimally invasive way while avoiding damage to healthy tissue. For example, currently about 30% of epilepsy patients cannot control their condition with medication, and only a small number of these patients receive invasive treatments such as neuromodulation or surgery. This is mainly because invasive procedures such as stereotactic brain surgery are high-risk and require the implantation of electrodes in the brain for monitoring or stimulation, which poses great challenges and concerns for both patients and doctors.

[0003] In recent years, minimally invasive surgery through the circulatory system has opened up a new development direction for implantable neural interface devices. With the miniaturization of electrode devices, the continuous innovation of electrode array design and the advancement of long-term implantation technology, the technical potential in this field has been further enhanced. For example, researchers successfully recorded somatosensory evoked potentials through the superior sagittal sinus by inserting a catheter into the jugular vein of sheep, and verified the feasibility of this method in humans. In addition, the development of flexible materials and magnetoelectric materials has brought significant advantages to neural interface technology. Flexible materials can better adapt to tissue deformation and reduce the risk of inflammation and tissue damage; magnetoelectric materials support non-contact electrical stimulation and signal transmission driven by external magnetic fields, which not only simplifies device design, but also significantly reduces energy consumption. Despite this, this method still faces many challenges in practical applications. First, implanted devices require long-term use of antithrombotic drugs to prevent thrombosis. In addition, the endothelialization problem of vascular implants also needs to be solved: insufficient endothelialization may lead to vascular blockage, while excessive endothelialization may affect the normal function of the device. In addition, the complex morphology of the vascular system and the limitations of small-caliber blood vessels in the central nervous system make it difficult for existing technologies to stably navigate to deep brain structures or spinal cord targets, making treatment of most subcortical and spinal cord areas difficult to achieve.

[0004] To address the above challenges, the ventricular system and subarachnoid space have been proposed as a potential alternative pathway. Similar to the vascular system, these spaces are closely connected to the central nervous system, but have greater operational advantages, such as reducing the need for antithrombotic drug therapy and providing more pathways to the brain surface and spinal cord. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a transparent fluid that exists around the central nervous system and is mainly distributed in the ventricular system, subarachnoid space, and central canal of the spinal cord. It is secreted by the choroid plexus of the ventricles and circulates through channels such as the ventricles, aqueducts, and arachnoid granulations. The main functions of cerebrospinal fluid are to provide mechanical protection, metabolic support, and signal transmission for the brain and spinal cord, and to reduce physical impact through buffering. Compared with the vascular system, the cerebrospinal fluid circulation system has several significant advantages: first, its pathways are more spacious, which facilitates the deployment and navigation of devices or catheters; second, the cerebrospinal fluid directly contacts multiple key treatment target areas, including the cerebral cortex, deep structures, and spinal cord; in addition, since it does not involve blood flow, it avoids the risk of thrombosis and does not require long-term use of antithrombotic drugs, thereby reducing related complications. The wide distribution of cerebrospinal fluid circulation makes it an important potential path for studying neural interface implant technology. In addition, the related spaces of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation system are already familiar to neurosurgeons and patients. Currently, many diseases, such as hydrocephalus, spasticity, and chronic back pain, have been treated through cerebrospinal fluid access and catheter technology. Because these spaces are closely connected to the central nervous system, doctors have a deep understanding of their anatomical structure and physiological functions, which provides operational feasibility and clinical advantages for the application of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation system in neural interface technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a deep brain nuclear area regulation system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface, which can achieve precise neural regulation and treatment of various neurological diseases by navigating the probe to a specific deep brain area through minimally invasive surgery.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A brain deep nucleus control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface, the system comprising: Lumbar puncture surgery module, minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device, and targeted point stimulation module.

[0007] Preferably, the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device uses magnetoelectric materials to generate a backscattered magnetic field through external magnetic field excitation, which serves as an energy and signal carrier to power the probe and realize command communication and neuron signal collection.

[0008] Preferably, the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device comprises: a digital programmable stimulator, a probe head and a probe.

[0009] Preferably, the digital programmable stimulator is used to precisely control electrical stimulation.

[0010] Preferably, the digital programmable stimulator can output 8 voltage-controlled, programmable amplitude and biphasic pulses.

[0011] Preferably, the probe includes high-precision electrodes for collecting neural signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe to the target area.

[0012] Preferably, the probe is made of a highly flexible, biocompatible material.

[0013] Preferably, the probe is made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix material, which is fused with magnetic nanoparticles to form a composite material.

[0014] Preferably, the magnetic nanoparticles are iron oxide nanoparticles.

[0015] As a flexible substrate, PDMS has excellent biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility and chemical stability, which can ensure that long-term contact between the implant and the neural tissue will not cause immune rejection or tissue damage. At the same time, the embedded magnetic nanoparticles give the probe magnetoelectric response characteristics, and under the stimulation of the external magnetic field, it can generate a backscattered magnetic field for signal transmission and energy collection. This composite material not only improves the mechanical adaptability and signal transmission ability of the probe, but also ensures its precise positioning performance in real-time MRI image navigation.

[0016] Preferably, the system also includes a real-time image navigation module for assisting the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe to accurately navigate to the target area.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for regulating the deep nucleus of the brain using the system, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Accurately determine the best deep brain stimulation site based on the diagnosis results; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, insert the puncture needle with the micro-wire into the subarachnoid space through the lumbar intervertebral space, remove the puncture needle, and leave the micro-wire in place; S3, using minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advancing the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-guidewire, and accurately navigating to the target area of ​​the ventricular system using real-time imaging; S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to regulate abnormal neural activity.

[0018] Preferably, the operation process of the lumbar puncture surgery includes the following steps: A1. The patient lies on his side or sits with his back bent. The skin is disinfected under strict aseptic conditions and local anesthesia is applied. A2. Select the L3-L4 or L4-L5 lumbar intervertebral space, use a puncture needle with a micro-wire to slowly penetrate the skin, ligaments and dura mater into the subarachnoid space, slowly remove the puncture needle, and leave the micro-wire in place.

[0019] Preferably, the surface of the micro-wire is provided with a biocompatible coating.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: 1. The present invention provides a brain deep nuclear area control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface. Through lumbar puncture surgery, guided by the cerebrospinal fluid flow path, a passive ultra-flexible implantable probe ascends along the spinal cord, passes through the subarachnoid space and ventricular system, and accurately reaches the target area. Through this minimally invasive technology, corresponding electrical stimulation or neural control can be implemented for different neurological diseases, providing patients with more personalized and targeted treatment.

[0021] 2. Reduce the risk of postoperative complications and infection by avoiding the high invasiveness of traditional craniotomy. The design of the ultra-flexible intravascular probe can adapt to the curvature and narrowness of the cerebrospinal fluid pathway, ensuring the flexibility and safety of device navigation. The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe is an advanced device that combines wireless power supply with electrical stimulation. The probe achieves wireless power supply by converting an external magnetic field into an electric field, while using its built-in electromagnetic material to generate a backscattered magnetic field as a carrier signal transmission medium. The ultra-flexible design of the probe highlights its miniaturization characteristics, which can significantly improve the biocompatibility with brain tissue and reduce the risk of tissue damage.

[0022] 3. Targeted fixed-point stimulation technology can accurately determine the optimal deep brain stimulation site according to the patient's specific condition and diagnosis results, and realize personalized electrical stimulation treatment. This method can not only accurately regulate different neurological diseases, but also effectively reduce the patient's pain, improve the treatment effect, and enhance the quality of life. Therefore, the present invention shows great potential and advantages in clinical applications, and provides a safer, more effective and accurate new method for the treatment of neurological diseases.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The framework diagram and brain anatomical diagram of the deep nucleus control system of the brain based on the minimally invasive passive brain-computer interface of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of EEG signal acquisition and programmed electrical stimulation based on magnetoelectric materials in the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device of the present invention; Figure 3A flow chart of the deep brain nuclear area regulation system based on a minimally invasive passive brain-computer interface provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, other test materials and instruments and equipment are conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0028] Example 1 S1. Based on the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease patients, the optimal deep brain stimulation site is accurately determined to be the subthalamic nucleus; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, the patient lies in the side-lying position with the back bent, and the skin is disinfected under strict aseptic conditions and local anesthesia is performed. The L3-L4 lumbar intervertebral space is selected, and a puncture needle with a micro-wire is used to slowly penetrate the skin, ligaments and dura mater to enter the subarachnoid space. The puncture needle is slowly pulled out, and the micro-wire is left in place. The surface of the micro-wire has a biocompatible coating.

[0029] S3. Use minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advance the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-wire, and use real-time imaging MRI to accurately navigate to the subthalamic nucleus of the ventricular system. The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device uses magnetoelectric materials and generates backscattered magnetic fields through external magnetic field excitation as energy and signal carriers to power the probe, realize command communication and neuronal signal collection, and integrate a digital programmable stimulator that can output 8 voltage-controlled, programmable amplitude and biphasic pulses at a rate of 500 Hz for precise control of electrical stimulation. The probe head includes high-precision electrodes for collecting neural signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe to the target area. The probe is a composite material formed by the fusion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the matrix material and ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles.

[0030] S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to relieve tremor and motor stiffness.

[0031] Example 2 S1. According to the diagnosis of epilepsy patients, the best deep brain stimulation site is accurately determined to be the anterior nucleus; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, the patient lies in the side-lying position with the back bent, and the skin is disinfected under strict aseptic conditions and local anesthesia is performed. The L3-L4 lumbar intervertebral space is selected, and a puncture needle with a micro-wire is used to slowly penetrate the skin, ligaments and dura mater to enter the subarachnoid space. The puncture needle is slowly pulled out, and the micro-wire is left in place. The surface of the micro-wire has a biocompatible coating.

[0032] S3. Use minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advance the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-wire, and use real-time imaging MRI to accurately navigate to the anterior nucleus of the ventricular system. The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device uses magnetoelectric materials and generates a backscattered magnetic field through external magnetic field excitation as an energy and signal carrier to power the probe, realize command communication and neuronal signal collection, and integrate a digital programmable stimulator that can output 8 voltage-controlled, programmable amplitude and biphasic pulses at a rate of 500 Hz for precise control of electrical stimulation. The probe head includes high-precision electrodes for collecting neural signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe to the target area. The probe is a composite material formed by the fusion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the matrix material and ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles.

[0033] S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to reduce epileptic seizures.

[0034] Example 3 S1. According to the diagnosis results of patients with refractory depression, the best deep brain stimulation site is accurately determined to be the cingulate gyrus; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, the patient lies in the side-lying position with the back bent, and the skin is disinfected under strict aseptic conditions and local anesthesia is performed. The L3-L4 lumbar intervertebral space is selected, and a puncture needle with a micro-wire is used to slowly penetrate the skin, ligaments and dura mater to enter the subarachnoid space. The puncture needle is slowly pulled out, and the micro-wire is left in place. The surface of the micro-wire has a biocompatible coating.

[0035] S3. Use minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advance the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-wire, and use real-time imaging MRI to accurately navigate to the cingulate gyrus of the ventricular system. The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device uses magnetoelectric materials and generates a backscattered magnetic field through external magnetic field excitation as an energy and signal carrier to power the probe, realize command communication and neuronal signal collection, and integrate a digital programmable stimulator that can output 8 voltage-controlled, programmable amplitude and biphasic pulses at a rate of 500 Hz for precise control of electrical stimulation. The probe head includes high-precision electrodes for collecting neural signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe to the target area. The probe is a composite material formed by the fusion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the matrix material and ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles.

[0036] S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to regulate emotions.

[0037] Example 4 S1. According to the diagnosis results of insomnia patients, the best deep brain stimulation sites are accurately determined to be the preoptic area and the median nucleus of the thalamus; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, the patient lies in the side-lying position with the back bent, and the skin is disinfected under strict aseptic conditions and local anesthesia is performed. The L3-L4 lumbar intervertebral space is selected, and a puncture needle with a micro-wire is used to slowly penetrate the skin, ligaments and dura mater to enter the subarachnoid space. The puncture needle is slowly pulled out, and the micro-wire is left in place. The surface of the micro-wire has a biocompatible coating.

[0038] S3. Use minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advance the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-wire, and use real-time imaging MRI to accurately navigate to the preoptic area of ​​the ventricular system and the median nucleus of the thalamus. The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device uses magnetoelectric materials and generates backscattered magnetic fields through external magnetic field excitation as energy and signal carriers to power the probe, realize command communication and neuronal signal collection, and integrate a digital programmable stimulator that can output 8 voltage-controlled, programmable amplitude and biphasic pulses at a rate of 500 Hz for precise control of electrical stimulation. The probe head includes high-precision electrodes for collecting neural signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe to the target area. The probe is a composite material formed by the fusion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the matrix material and ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles.

[0039] S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to improve sleep rhythm and quality.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep brain nuclear area control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface, characterized in that: The system includes: Lumbar puncture surgery module, minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device, and targeted point stimulation module.

2. According to claim 1, a brain deep nucleus control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface is characterized in that: The passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device comprises: a digital programmable stimulator, a probe head and a probe.

3. According to claim 1, a brain deep nucleus control system based on a minimally invasive brain-computer interface is characterized in that: The probe includes high-precision electrodes for collecting nerve signals and a mesh device area for fixing the probe in the target area.

4. The deep brain nuclear area control system based on minimally invasive brain-computer interface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system also includes a real-time image navigation module to assist the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe in accurately navigating to the target area.

5. A method for regulating deep brain nuclei using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Accurately determine the best deep brain stimulation site based on the diagnosis results; S2. Using the lumbar puncture surgical module, insert the puncture needle with the micro-wire into the subarachnoid space through the lumbar intervertebral space, remove the puncture needle, and leave the micro-wire in place; S3, using minimally invasive access to the central nervous system module, advancing the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device along the micro-guidewire, and accurately navigating to the target area of ​​the ventricular system using real-time imaging; S4. Use a targeted fixed-point stimulation module to apply electrical stimulation to the passive ultra-flexible implantable probe device to regulate abnormal neural activity.

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