A suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering, which relates to the field of marine construction technology. The device includes a sediment collection tank, a sediment capture module, a separation and deposition module, and an intelligent control module. The main body of the sediment capture module is a cylinder with openings at both ends. A bubble curtain generator is arranged in the cylinder. The side of the cylinder is connected to the cyclone chamber of the separation and deposition module. The cyclone chamber is connected to a conical chamber below, and the conical chamber is located above the sediment collection tank. The sediment capture module uses the bubble curtain generator to generate a bubble barrier to quickly capture suspended sediment into the cylinder; the separation and deposition module uses the centrifugal force of the cyclone chamber to separate the captured suspended sediment, and collects it into the sediment collection tank through the conical chamber; the control system can flexibly adjust the movement direction of the device according to feedback, quickly respond to changes in tides or currents, and put the device in the best sediment interception position. The present invention can effectively control the diffusion of suspended sediment and reduce the impact of marine construction on the marine environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine construction, in particular to a suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering. Background Art

[0002] In marine projects such as port construction, submarine pipeline laying, and offshore wind power installation, construction activities will generate a large amount of suspended sediment. After these suspended sediments enter the water body, they will spread with the ocean current, causing increased turbidity in the water body and weakened light, which will affect the marine ecological environment, especially causing damage to sensitive ecosystems such as coral reefs and seagrass beds. In order to reduce the impact of suspended sediment on the marine environment, the following methods are generally used in the prior art:

[0003] (1) Cofferdam method: Cofferdams are set up around the construction area to prevent the spread of suspended sediment. However, this method is costly, difficult to construct, and has a significant impact on water flow conditions, which may cause other environmental problems.

[0004] (2) Sedimentation tank method: Set up a sedimentation tank near the construction area to remove suspended sediment by gravity settling. However, the sedimentation tank occupies a large area, has low treatment efficiency, and is difficult to adapt to the complex marine environment.

[0005] (3) Chemical flocculation: Add chemical flocculants to the water to aggregate the suspended sediment into large particles before settling. This method may introduce secondary pollution and cause toxicity to marine life.

[0006] (4) Physical barrier method: Use physical barriers such as anti-fouling curtains or bubble curtains to prevent the spread of suspended sediment. However, these barriers have poor stability, are easily affected by ocean currents and wind and waves, and have high maintenance costs.

[0007] The main disadvantages of the existing technology include: low efficiency, difficulty in effectively controlling the diffusion range of suspended sediment; high cost, high construction and maintenance costs; large environmental impact, possible introduction of secondary pollution or destruction of water flow dynamic conditions; poor adaptability, difficulty in adapting to complex marine environments (such as tidal and current changes). Patent US20240226919A9 provides a hydrocyclone separator for size classification of solid materials in liquid suspensions, which can be used to improve the efficiency of suspended sediment sedimentation. However, it is difficult to control the diffusion of suspended sediment using only a hydrocyclone separator.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient, low-cost, environmentally friendly suspended sediment diffusion control device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient marine engineering suspended sediment diffusion control device to achieve efficient capture and sediment collection of suspended sediment, thereby reducing the impact of suspended sediment on the marine environment.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] A suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering includes a sediment collection tank, a sediment capture module, a separation and deposition module, and an intelligent control module. The main body of the sediment capture module is a cylinder with openings at both ends. A bubble curtain generator is arranged in the cylinder. The side of the cylinder is connected to the cyclone chamber of the separation and deposition module. The cyclone chamber is connected to a conical chamber below. The conical chamber is located above the sediment collection tank. The intelligent control module can flexibly adjust the movement direction of the device according to feedback, quickly respond to changes in tides or currents, and put the device in the best sediment interception position. In the present invention, the sediment capture module uses a bubble curtain generator to generate a bubble barrier to quickly capture the suspended sediment moving with the water flow to the cylinder to control the diffusion of the suspended sediment. In addition, due to the resistance of the bubble curtain, the water flow pressure in the cylinder increases, so that the water flow containing sediment enters the cyclone chamber at a faster speed to generate a cyclone; the separation and deposition module uses the centrifugal force of the cyclone chamber to separate the captured suspended sediment and collect it to the sediment collection tank through the conical chamber to reduce the diffusion of suspended sediment. During marine construction, the suspended sediment diffusion control device is placed on the downstream side of the water flow in the construction area. Multiple devices are arranged around the construction area to efficiently capture and collect suspended sediment in the incoming flow and control the diffusion of suspended sediment. After the construction is completed, the suspended sediment diffusion control device moves back and forth near the construction site, dynamically adjusting the direction and position of the device according to the incoming flow direction and sediment concentration to reduce the suspended sediment content of the water body.

[0012] Specifically, the angle between the cylinder axis and the horizontal direction is 0°~10°, and a ring-shaped bubble curtain generator is fitted in the middle of the cylinder, and the bubble curtain generator is provided with air holes in the axial direction. The cylinder axis is close to horizontal, ensuring that the water flows smoothly into the cylinder and reducing the escape of sediment; the bubble curtain generator can form a uniform and dense bubble barrier in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, enhancing the interception ability of suspended sediment.

[0013] Specifically, the pore diameter of the bubble curtain generator is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and the circumferential spacing of the pores is less than 20 mm. The pores are connected to the gas supply system. In order to optimize the density and coverage of the bubble curtain, the pore diameter and spacing are limited to avoid barrier failure due to excessive bubbles or excessive spacing, and combined with the control system to respond to environmental changes in real time, while reducing energy consumption and improving sediment capture efficiency.

[0014] A hole is provided at the bottom of the cylinder wall between the upstream end of the cylinder and the bubble curtain generator, which is connected to the cylindrical side of the swirl chamber through a sand inlet pipe, and the axis of the sand inlet pipe is tangent to the concentric circle of the swirl chamber. Under intelligent control, the surface where the bubble curtain is located is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. When in use, the bubble curtain generator sprays bubbles to form a barrier to intercept sediment. The sediment is constrained by the water flow and the bubble curtain and is placed between the upstream end and the bubble curtain generator. Since the bubble curtain has a blocking effect on the vertical direction of low-velocity water flow, the seawater containing sediment enters the swirl chamber tangentially from the sand inlet pipe at a faster speed under a certain pressure, generating a strong three-dimensional elliptical strong rotational shear turbulent motion. The swirl chamber uses swirl to separate sediment: under the action of centrifugal sedimentation, the sediment is thrown to the cavity wall and settles into the conical cavity. Most of the particles are discharged from the bottom of the conical cavity, and the water is discharged from the drain pipe at the top of the swirl cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of separating sediment.

[0015] Specifically, the inner diameter of the conical cavity decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom is open. The inner diameter of the conical cavity decreases from top to bottom, which can enhance the centrifugal sedimentation effect, accelerate the sediment to concentrate to the bottom in the spiral motion, and improve the collection efficiency.

[0016] A drain pipe is provided on the top of the cyclone chamber, which is used to ensure that the separated clean water is quickly discharged and maintain the stability of the water flow circulation.

[0017] A concave filter is provided between the cyclone chamber and the conical chamber, and the aperture of the middle part of the filter is smaller than the aperture of the periphery. Under the action of centrifugal sedimentation, most of the particles are discharged from the bottom of the conical chamber, and a small part of the particles move upward with the water flow. In order to settle the secondary suspended sediment, a filter is provided between the cyclone chamber and the conical chamber. The aperture of the middle part of the filter is small, which can block the passage of sediment, and the aperture of the periphery is large. The filter is designed as a smooth concave surface, which is conducive to the movement of particles to the cavity wall to avoid mesh blockage. As the sediment in the cyclone chamber passes through the peripheral filter into the conical chamber, the secondary suspended sediment in the conical chamber moves downward with the spiral water flow, and part of it is discharged from the bottom of the conical chamber, and part of it is recycled. The design of the filter is conducive to the concentration of secondary suspended sediment in the sediment collection tank, and avoids the large discharge of suspended sediment from the drain pipe. Among them, the cyclone chamber and the conical chamber are detachably connected, which is convenient for cleaning the filter.

[0018] A telescopic frame is provided below the cylinder, the telescopic frame is connected to the frame body, and a control system is provided inside the frame body. The telescopic frame supports the height adjustment of the device to adapt to different working conditions, and the height of the device is controlled by the control system; the control system can realize automatic operation and reduce the cost of manual intervention.

[0019] The frame is connected with a measuring instrument for measuring the flow velocity, flow direction and turbidity of the water body. The measuring instrument includes an underwater buoy, a current meter and a turbidity meter, and the measurement data is fed back to the control system. The measuring instrument monitors the flow velocity and flow direction of the water flow and the sediment concentration in real time, and the data is fed back to the control system, which can realize dynamic optimization of the device position and operating parameters, and improve environmental adaptability and control accuracy.

[0020] A steering wheel is provided under the frame, and the steering wheel is controlled by the control system. The steering wheel is controlled by the control system, so that the device can flexibly adjust the moving direction, quickly respond to changes in tides or currents, ensure that the device is always in the best interception position, and enhance the dynamic regulation ability of the overall system.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering, including a sediment capture module, a separation and deposition module and an intelligent control module. The device has low operating costs, high efficiency, is environmentally friendly and has wide applicability. Among them, the bubble curtain can quickly intercept suspended sediment, and the bubble curtain barrier is combined with the cyclone centrifugal separation technology to form an integrated "capture-separation-collection" system to effectively control the diffusion of suspended sediment; the cyclone separation deposition is combined with the secondary sedimentation of the filter screen to significantly improve the sediment collection rate, without the need for chemical substances, and with little damage to the marine ecological environment; the intelligent control module can dynamically adjust the position and direction of the device according to the water flow and sediment concentration, thereby improving the collection efficiency of suspended sediment. The present invention is suitable for a variety of marine engineering construction scenarios such as port construction, submarine pipeline laying, and offshore wind power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sediment capture module in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the separation and deposition module in Example 1.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals: Explanation of the reference numerals: 1- cyclone chamber; 11- drainage pipe; 12- sand inlet pipe; 2- conical chamber; 3- sediment collecting trough; 4- cylinder body; 5- bubble curtain generator; 6- telescopic frame; 7- frame body; 71- measuring instrument; 8- steering wheel; 9- filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The following first describes the concepts involved in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is only to make the content of the present application easier to understand, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application; at the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] A suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering includes a sediment collection tank 3, a sediment capture module, a separation and deposition module, and an intelligent control module. The main body of the sediment capture module is a cylinder 4 with openings at both ends. A bubble curtain generator 5 is arranged in the cylinder 4. The side of the cylinder 4 is connected to the cyclone chamber 1 of the separation and deposition module. The cyclone chamber 1 is connected to the conical chamber 2 below. The conical chamber 2 is located above the sediment collection tank 3. The intelligent control module can flexibly adjust the movement direction of the device according to feedback, quickly respond to tidal or current changes, and put the device in the best sediment interception position. In the present invention, the sediment capture module uses the bubble curtain generator 5 to generate a bubble barrier, quickly captures the suspended sediment moving with the water flow to the cylinder 4, and controls the diffusion of the suspended sediment. In addition, due to the resistance of the bubble curtain, the water flow pressure in the cylinder 4 increases, so that the water flow containing sediment enters the cyclone chamber 1 at a faster speed to generate a cyclone; the separation and deposition module uses the centrifugal force of the cyclone chamber 1 to separate the captured suspended sediment, and collects it to the sediment collection tank 3 through the conical chamber 2 to reduce the diffusion of suspended sediment. During marine construction, the suspended sediment diffusion control device is placed on the downstream side of the water flow in the construction area. Multiple devices are arranged around the construction area to efficiently capture and collect suspended sediment in the incoming flow and control the diffusion of suspended sediment. After the construction is completed, the suspended sediment diffusion control device moves back and forth near the construction site, dynamically adjusting the direction and position of the device according to the incoming flow direction and sediment concentration to reduce the suspended sediment content of the water body.

[0031] Specifically, the angle between the axis of the cylinder 4 and the horizontal direction is 0°~10°, and a ring-shaped bubble curtain generator 5 is fitted in the middle of the cylinder 4, and the bubble curtain generator 5 is provided with air holes in the axial direction. The axis of the cylinder is close to horizontal, ensuring that the water flow enters the cylinder 4 smoothly and reduces the escape of sediment; the bubble curtain generator 5 can form a uniform and dense bubble barrier in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, thereby enhancing the interception ability of suspended sediment.

[0032] Specifically, the pore diameter of the bubble curtain generator 5 is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and the circumferential spacing of the pores is less than 20 mm. The pores are connected to the gas supply system. In order to optimize the density and coverage of the bubble curtain, the pore diameter and spacing are limited to avoid barrier failure due to excessive bubbles or excessive spacing, and in combination with the control system to respond to environmental changes in real time, while reducing energy consumption and improving sediment capture efficiency.

[0033] A hole is provided at the bottom of the cylinder wall between the upstream end of the cylinder 4 and the bubble curtain generator 5, which is connected to the cylindrical side of the cyclone chamber 1 through the sand inlet pipe 12, and the axis of the sand inlet pipe 12 is tangent to the concentric circle of the cyclone chamber 1. Under intelligent control, the surface where the bubble curtain is located is approximately perpendicular to the water flow direction. When in use, the bubble curtain generator 5 sprays bubbles to form a barrier to intercept sediment. The sediment is constrained by the water flow and the bubble curtain and is placed between the upstream end and the bubble curtain generator 5. Since the bubble curtain has a blocking effect on the vertical water flow with low flow rate, the seawater containing sediment enters the cyclone chamber 1 tangentially from the sand inlet pipe 12 at a faster speed under a certain pressure, generating a strong three-dimensional elliptical strong rotating shear turbulent motion. The cyclone chamber 1 uses cyclone to separate sediment: under the action of centrifugal sedimentation, the sediment is thrown to the cavity wall and settles to the conical cavity 2, and most of the particles are discharged from the bottom of the conical cavity 2, while the water flow is discharged from the drain pipe 11 at the top of the cyclone cavity 1, thereby achieving the purpose of separating sediment.

[0034] Specifically, the inner diameter of the conical chamber 2 decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom is open. A drain pipe 11 is provided at the top of the cyclone chamber 1. The inner diameter of the conical chamber 2 decreases from top to bottom, which can enhance the centrifugal sedimentation effect, accelerate the sediment to the bottom in the spiral motion, and improve the collection efficiency. The drain pipe 11 at the top of the cyclone chamber 1 is used to ensure that the clean water after separation is quickly discharged and maintain the stability of the water flow circulation.

[0035] A concave filter screen 9 is provided between the cyclone chamber 1 and the conical chamber 2, and the aperture of the middle part of the filter screen 9 is smaller than the aperture of the periphery. Under the action of centrifugal sedimentation, most of the particles are discharged from the bottom of the conical chamber 2, and a small part of the particles move upward with the water flow. In order to settle the secondary suspended sediment, a filter screen 9 is provided between the cyclone chamber 1 and the conical chamber 2. The aperture of the middle part of the filter screen is small, which can block the passage of sediment, and the aperture of the periphery is large. The filter screen 9 is designed as a smooth concave surface, which is conducive to the movement of particles to the cavity wall to avoid mesh blockage. As the sediment in the cyclone chamber 1 enters the conical chamber 2 through the filter screen 9 on the periphery, the secondary suspended sediment in the conical chamber 2 moves downward with the spiral water flow, and part of it is discharged from the bottom of the conical chamber 2, and part of it circulates the above process. The design of the filter screen 9 is conducive to the concentration of the secondary suspended sediment in the sediment collection tank 3, and avoids the large discharge of suspended sediment from the drain pipe 11. Among them, the cyclone chamber 1 and the conical chamber 2 are detachably connected, which is convenient for cleaning the filter screen 9.

[0036] A telescopic frame 6 is provided below the cylinder 4, and the telescopic frame 6 is connected to the frame 7, and a control system is provided inside the frame 7. The frame 7 is connected to a measuring instrument 71 for measuring the flow velocity, flow direction and turbidity of the water body. The measuring instrument 71 includes an underwater buoy, a current meter and a turbidity meter, and the measurement data is fed back to the control system. A steering wheel 8 is provided below the frame 7, and the steering wheel 8 is controlled by the control system. The telescopic frame 6 supports the height adjustment of the device to adapt to different working conditions, and the height of the device is controlled by the control system; the control system can realize automatic operation and reduce the cost of manual intervention. The measuring instrument 71 monitors the flow velocity and flow direction of the water flow and the sediment concentration in real time, and the data is fed back to the control system, which can realize dynamic optimization of the device position and operating parameters, improve environmental adaptability and control accuracy. The steering wheel 8 is controlled by the control system, so that the device can flexibly adjust the moving direction, quickly respond to changes in tides or ocean currents, ensure that the device is always in the best interception position, and enhance the dynamic regulation ability of the overall system.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to enhance the effect of controlling sediment diffusion and improve the efficiency of sediment capture and collection, multiple devices are deployed around the construction area to capture and collect suspended sediment. The activity range of each device is set through the control system so that the device is in the best interception position within its activity range. That is, the position and orientation of each device are dynamically adjusted in real time according to the sediment concentration and sediment diffusion direction, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sediment diffusion.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms used in this application are only for describing specific embodiments, rather than limiting the scope of this application. As shown in the specification of this application, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "one", "a", "a kind of" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. The terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method or device including the elements.

[0039] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

[0041] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering, comprising a sediment collection tank (3), characterized in that: It also comprises a sediment capture module and a separation and deposition module, wherein the main body of the sediment capture module is a cylinder (4) with openings at both ends, a bubble curtain generator (5) is arranged in the cylinder (4), the side of the cylinder (4) is connected to the cyclone chamber (1) of the separation and deposition module, the bottom of the cyclone chamber (1) is connected to a conical chamber (2), and the conical chamber (2) is located above the sediment collection tank (3); A hole is provided at the bottom of the cylinder wall between the flow-facing end of the cylinder (4) and the bubble curtain generator (5), which is connected to the cylindrical side of the swirl chamber (1) via a sand inlet pipe (12), and the axis of the sand inlet pipe (12) is tangent to the concentric circle of the swirl chamber (1); A concave filter screen (9) is provided between the cyclone chamber (1) and the conical chamber (2); the aperture of the middle portion of the filter screen (9) is smaller than the aperture of the periphery.

2. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the cylinder (4) and the horizontal direction is 0° to 10°. An annular bubble curtain generator (5) is provided in close contact with the middle of the cylinder (4). The bubble curtain generator (5) is provided with air holes in the axial direction.

3. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the air holes of the bubble curtain generator (5) is 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, and the circumferential spacing of the air holes is less than 20 mm.

4. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the tapered cavity (2) decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom is open.

5. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage pipe (11) is provided at the top of the cyclone chamber (1).

6. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic frame (6) is provided below the cylinder (4), the telescopic frame (6) is connected to a frame body (7), and a control system is provided inside the frame body (7).

7. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frame (7) is connected to a measuring instrument (71) for measuring the flow velocity, flow direction and turbidity of the water body, and the measurement data is fed back to the control system.

8. The suspended sediment diffusion control device for marine engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: A steering wheel (8) is provided below the frame (7), and the steering wheel (8) is controlled by a control system.

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