Controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method, comprising a reflective assembly and an ammonia decomposition assembly. The reflective assembly includes a mirror field frame, a flexible reflector, and a curling adjustment structure. The flexible reflector is parabolically curved and arranged on the sunward side of the mirror field frame. The curling adjustment structure is respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible reflector along the parabolic direction. The curling adjustment structure drives the two ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature of the mirror field frame to unfold and curl the two ends of the flexible reflector. The ammonia decomposition assembly includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, an ammonia decomposition catalytic module is disposed within the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the parabolic focal line of the flexible reflector. In the present invention, the area of ​​the flexible reflector can be flexibly adjusted according to the different intensities of solar radiation, thereby providing a suitable reaction temperature for the ammonia decomposition reaction. When solar thermal energy is insufficient, the electricity generated by the solar panel can be used for electric auxiliary heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and new energy, and in particular to a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional hydrogen production methods, such as water electrolysis, are mature technologies, but they are energy-intensive and rely on a large supply of electricity. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop technologies that can efficiently produce hydrogen using renewable energy sources such as solar energy.

[0003] In solar hydrogen production technology, using concentrated solar energy to generate high temperatures to provide thermal energy for the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reaction is considered a promising method. Ammonia can be decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen under the action of heat, and solar energy, as an abundant renewable energy source, can provide the required heat. However, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems can only concentrate light but cannot control the concentrated energy. Therefore, they either cause insufficient temperature problems when solar radiation conditions are poor or cause excessively high reaction temperatures when solar radiation conditions are good. In addition, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems do not propose a solar energy conversion and utilization solution. Due to the low reaction temperature, they cannot operate at night or under poor solar radiation conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted to solve the above technical problems are:

[0006] The present invention provides a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, comprising a reflective component and an ammonia decomposition component. The reflective component comprises a mirror field frame, a flexible reflector and a curling adjustment structure. The cross-section of the mirror field frame is a parabolic curved structure, the opening direction of the parabolic curved structure is the sun-facing side, and the back side is the shady side. The flexible reflector is a flexible parabolic mirror structure, the flexible reflector is parabolically curved and arranged on the sun-facing side of the mirror field frame. The curling adjustment structure is respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible reflector along the parabolic direction, and the curling adjustment structure drives the two ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature direction of the mirror field frame to unfold and curl the two ends of the flexible reflector. The ammonia decomposition component comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, an ammonia decomposition catalytic module is arranged inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the parabolic focal line of the flexible reflector.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0008] The flexible reflector is oriented toward the sun, reflecting sunlight toward the ammonia decomposition reaction tube. The flexible reflector transfers solar heat to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube via the flexible reflector to heat and decompose the ammonia. The flexible reflector fits snugly within the parabolic mirror frame, facilitating parabolic mirror formation and improving optical convergence accuracy. Simultaneously, the curling adjustment structure drives the ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature of the mirror frame, thereby unfolding and curling the ends of the flexible reflector and controlling the amount of solar heat transferred, ensuring that the ammonia decomposition reaction tube maintains an appropriate reaction temperature under various operating conditions.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the curling adjustment structure includes two curling components that are respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible reflector along the parabola. The curling component includes a mirror rolling rod and a driving structure. The mirror rolling rod is connected to the flexible reflector. The driving structure drives the mirror rolling rod to roll along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame to drive the flexible reflector to unfold and curl.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving structure includes a driving wheel rail and a rail car arranged on the mirror field frame, the driving wheel rail is provided with a rack arranged in a parabolic curve along the mirror field frame, the rail car is provided with a power output shaft, the power output shaft is provided with a driving gear meshing with the rack, and the end of the mirror winding rod is transmission connected to the power output shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the mirror field frame is provided with a guide wheel rail arranged along a parabolic direction, and the rail car is in sliding cooperation with the guide wheel rail.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the guide wheel rail is arranged on the sunny side of the mirror field frame, the driving wheel rail is arranged on the shady side of the mirror field frame, and the rail car is provided with a guide wheel that slides with the guide wheel rail.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the mirror field frame is provided with a rail car running groove, the rail car is arranged in the rail car running groove, the power output shaft is provided with two drive gears, the two drive gears are respectively located on both sides of the rail car, the number of the racks is provided with two, the two racks are respectively arranged on both sides of the rail car running groove, and the two racks are respectively engaged with the two drive gears in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is provided with an electric heating module, and the electric heating module is used to heat the interior of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, it also includes a solar energy collection component, which includes at least one solar panel and a power storage module connected to each other, the solar panel is installed on the mirror field frame, the solar panel is located in the shade below the flexible reflector, and the electric heating module is connected to the power storage module.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system also includes a rotary drive structure connected to the mirror field frame, wherein the rotary drive structure is used to drive the mirror field frame to rotate around a rotation axis, and the rotation axis is located in the plane formed by the axis of the lowest point of the mirror field frame and the central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube.

[0017] The present invention also provides a control method, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems, and the control method comprises the following steps:

[0018] Passing ammonia to be decomposed into the ammonia decomposition reaction tube;

[0019] The flexible reflector is directed toward the sun so that sunlight is reflected to the position of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the flexible reflector to heat and decompose the ammonia;

[0020] The curling adjustment structure drives the two ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature direction of the mirror field frame, so as to unfold and curl the two ends of the flexible reflector and thus control the amount of heat transferred from the solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rail vehicle structure provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rail vehicle structure provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention under sufficient solar radiation conditions;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention under slightly cloudy conditions;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system under rainy conditions provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 The present invention provides a flow chart of a control method for a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] Reflection assembly 100, mirror field frame 110, wheel rail 111, railcar running groove 112, guide wheel rail 113, flexible reflector 120, curling adjustment structure 130, railcar 131, power output shaft 132, drive gear 133, guide wheel 134, mirror winding rod 135, drive motor 136;

[0034] Ammonia decomposition assembly 200, ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211, electrically heated metal mesh 212, hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213, outer transparent cover 220, reaction tube support 230;

[0035] Solar energy collection assembly 300, solar cell panel 310, power storage module 320;

[0036] Base assembly 400 , base 410 , base motor 420 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, if there are words such as "several", it means one or more, and "more" means more than two. Greater than, less than, and exceed are understood as not including the number itself, and above, below, and within are understood as including the number itself.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method, and makes the following embodiments:

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system includes a reflective assembly 100, an ammonia decomposition assembly 200, a solar energy collection assembly 300, and a base assembly 400. The base assembly 400 includes a base 410 and a rotary drive structure. The rotary drive structure is connected to the mirror field frame 110 and is located on the base 410. The rotary drive structure can be a base motor 420 or other drive structure such as a cylinder. The rotary drive structure is used to drive the mirror field frame 110 to rotate about a rotation axis so that the reflective assembly 100 faces the sun. The rotation axis is located in the plane formed by the axis of the lowest point of the mirror field frame 110 and the central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210.

[0043] The reflective assembly 100 includes a mirror frame 110, a flexible reflector 120, and a curling adjustment structure 130. The cross-section of the mirror frame 110 is a parabolic curved structure, with the opening of the parabolic curved structure facing the sun and the back facing the shaded side. The flexible reflector 120 is a flexible parabolic mirror structure, parabolically curved and arranged on the sun-facing side of the mirror frame 110. The optical focal line of the flexible reflector 120 is arranged in an east-west direction. The left and right edges of the flexible reflector 120 are tightly attached to the mirror frame 110 and curved into a parabolic shape. The flexible reflector 120 is oriented toward the sun, so that sunlight is reflected to the position of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. The flexible reflector 120 transfers the heat of the solar energy to the ammonia decomposition assembly 200 through the flexible reflector 120 to heat and decompose the ammonia. The flexible reflector 120 is attached to the parabolic mirror frame 110, which facilitates the formation of the parabolic mirror and improves the optical convergence accuracy.

[0044] The curling adjustment structure 130 includes two curling assemblies connected to the ends of the flexible reflector 120 along a parabola. The curling assemblies include two mirror rolls 135 and a drive mechanism. The mirror rolls 135 are connected to the edges of the flexible reflector 120. The drive mechanism drives the mirror rolls 135 to roll along the parabola of the mirror field frame 110, causing the flexible reflector 120 to unfold and curl. As the mirror rolls 135 roll, the edge of the flexible reflector 120 wraps around the outer circumference of the rolls 135. Therefore, the reflective surface of this portion of the flexible reflector 120 does not reflect sunlight. By adjusting the size of the reflective surface of the flexible reflector 120 rolled up by the mirror rolls 135, the amount of solar heat transmitted by the flexible reflector 120 can be adjusted. Controlling the rotation of the mirror rolls 135 conveniently controls the area of ​​light reflected by the flexible reflector 120.

[0045] Specifically, when sunlight intensity remains high, to prevent damage to the decomposition catalyst bed due to excessive temperatures, the mirror reels 135 are driven by the railcars 131 to rotate toward the center of the parabolic structure, reducing the deployed area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror, thereby reducing the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition assembly 200. When sunlight intensity decreases slightly due to slight obstruction by clouds, the mirror reels 135 at both edges of the flexible reflector 120 are driven by the railcars 131 to move toward the ends of the mirror field frame 110, increasing the deployed area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror, thereby increasing the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition assembly 200.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the mirror rolling roller 135 may be moved toward the middle of the flexible reflector 120 , so that the reflective surface of the flexible reflector 120 is directly folded, and the reflection size of the reflective surface of the flexible reflector 120 can also be adjusted.

[0047] The ammonia decomposition assembly 200 includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, which houses an ammonia decomposition catalytic module comprising an ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 is located at the optical focal line of the flexible reflector 120. Both ends of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 are attached to a reaction tube support 230, which supports the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 at the optical focal line of the flexible reflector 120. Ammonia to be decomposed is introduced into the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. When the interior of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 reaches the decomposition reaction temperature, the ammonia decomposition proceeds under the action of the ammonia decomposition catalytic module. A curling adjustment structure 130 drives the ends of the flexible reflector 120 along the parabolic curvature of the mirror field frame 110, allowing the flexible reflector 120 to unfold and curl, thereby controlling the amount of solar heat transferred to maintain the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 at an appropriate reaction temperature under different operating conditions.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 As shown, two solar panels 310 are arranged in the shade below the flexible reflector 120. The two solar panels 310 are interconnected, and the number of solar panels 310 is determined based on actual conditions. To store the electricity generated by the solar panels 310, the present invention also includes a power storage module 320, which is electrically connected to the solar cells. When the solar panels 310 generate electricity, the power is stored in the power storage module 320, which is connected to the electric heating module. During short periods of indirect sunlight, such as rainy days, the power stored in the power storage module 320 is used to power the electric heating module to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211. During long periods of indirect sunlight and at night, external power is used to power the electric heating module to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211. The power storage module 320 can be located on the back of the solar panel 310 or on the base 410. When the electricity storage module 320 is disposed on the base 410 , a longer wire is required to electrically connect the electricity storage module 320 and the electric heating module, but the weight borne by the mirror field frame 110 can be reduced.

[0049] The base 410 is located below the mirror frame 110, and the two are connected by a shaft-and-hole mechanism. The shaft-and-hole mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a mounting portion. The mounting portion is located at the top of the base 410 and has a mounting hole. The rotating shaft is fixed to the shady side of the mirror frame 110 and rotates through the mounting hole. The shaft-and-hole mechanism supports the mirror frame 110 and improves the precision of its rotation. The output shaft of the base motor 420 is in driving connection with the rotating shaft of the shaft-and-hole mechanism. Driven by the base motor 420, the mirror frame 110 rotates about the rotating shaft, allowing direct sunlight to enter the parabolic mirror opening at a perpendicular angle, thereby ensuring that the parabolic mirror accurately focuses the light onto the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. The base motor 420 can more accurately control the pitch angle of the mirror frame 110.

[0050] Reference Figures 3 to 4 As shown, the driving structure includes a driving wheel rail 111 and a rail car 131 provided on the mirror field frame 110. A driving motor 136 is installed under the body of the rail car 131. The driving motor 136 is provided with a power output shaft 132. The power output shaft 132 is provided with two driving gears 133. The two driving gears 133 are respectively located on both sides of the rail car 131. The left and right sides of the mirror field frame 110 are provided with a through rail car running groove 112 along the parabolic direction. The rail car 131 moves in the rail car running groove 112; the mirror field frame 110 is provided with a guide wheel rail 113 provided along the parabolic direction. The number of the guide wheel rail 113 is also limited to two. The rail car 131 is provided with a guide wheel rail 113 provided along the parabolic direction. 13 slidingly cooperates with the guide wheel 134; the driving wheel track 111 includes two racks arranged in a parabolic curve along the mirror field frame 110, and the two racks are respectively arranged on the shady side of the mirror field frame 110 and on both sides of the rail vehicle walking groove 112. The two racks are respectively meshed with two driving gears 133 in a one-to-one correspondence. The end of the mirror winding rod 135 is coaxially connected to the power output shaft 132. When the drive motor 136 drives the power output shaft 132 to rotate, the drive gear 133 will move accordingly on the rack and drive the mirror winding rod 135 to rotate, so that the mirror winding rod 135 rolls along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame 110, driving the flexible reflector 120 to unfold and curl.

[0051] The guide rail 113 and guide wheel 134 cooperate to provide a sliding guide, and their combined use achieves a more precise and stable guiding effect for the structure's operation. The number of racks can also be set to one, and the specific number is determined according to actual conditions. The drive rail 111 and the guide rail 113 are respectively arranged on either side of the mirror frame 110, forming a clamping relationship, which makes the structure more stable. In this embodiment, the guide rail 113 is arranged on the sunny side of the mirror frame 110, and the drive rail 111 is arranged on the shady side of the mirror frame 110. In other embodiments, the guide rail 113 and the drive rail 111 can be respectively arranged on the same side of the mirror frame 110; alternatively, the guide rail 113 is arranged on the shady side of the mirror frame 110, and the drive rail 111 is arranged on the sunny side of the mirror frame 110.

[0052] Four railcars 131 are located within the railcar running channel 112. Guide wheels 134 are guided by guide rails 113, causing the railcars 131 to move along a parabola within the running channel 112. The drive wheels 111 are driven by a rack-type synchronous belt, and the drive gear 133 is a synchronous gear wheel, with the two meshing. The mirror reel 135 has two ends connected to the power output shaft 132 of the drive motor 136 and is coaxial with the drive gear 133. The railcars 131 can move along the mirror field frame 110 while deploying or reeling the flexible reflector 120 using the mirror reel 135. This allows the parabolic flexible reflector 120 to be controlled in terms of its concentration ratio, achieving precise control of the solar energy concentrated on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, a hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213 is provided within the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, so that a reaction channel and a hydrogen output channel are provided within the reaction tube section, respectively located on either side of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213. The reaction channel runs through both ends of the reaction tube section, and the hydrogen output channel is connected to the outlet end of the reaction tube section. The electric heating module includes at least one electrically heated metal mesh 212 disposed within the reaction channel, and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module is disposed within the reaction channel. In this embodiment, a plurality of hydrogen-nitrogen separation membranes 213 are provided, each made of palladium or palladium alloy membranes, and shaped as a hollow cylinder. Located within the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membranes 213 can effectively promote the forward motion of the reaction by reducing the hydrogen partial pressure during the ammonia decomposition reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate and ammonia conversion rate.

[0054] The outer periphery of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 is provided with an outer transparent cover 220. The outer transparent cover 220 is made of high-transmittance and high-strength glass and is sheathed around the outer periphery of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. The annular space between the outer transparent cover 220 and the outer transparent cover 220 is evacuated to form a vacuum insulation layer. The outer transparent cover 220 made of high-transmittance and high-strength glass can reduce the loss of solar radiation energy when it penetrates the glass cover; the vacuum insulation layer can further reduce the dissipation of light and heat energy.

[0055] The ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 is coated with a high light energy absorption coating. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 is located at the focal line of the parabola of the flexible reflector, which can absorb and utilize solar energy to the maximum extent.

[0056] The electric heating module includes an electrically heated metal mesh 212. In some other embodiments, the electric heating module can also be an electric heating rod. Multiple electrically heated metal meshes 212 are located within the space inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, excluding the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213. The ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 is sandwiched between adjacent electrically heated metal meshes 212. The electrically heated metal meshes 212 support the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211, consuming a certain amount of electricity to continue providing heat for the ammonia decomposition reaction when natural solar radiation energy is insufficient. When natural solar radiation energy is sufficient, the electrically heated metal meshes 212 can also effectively transfer heat energy from the walls of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 to the ammonia gas. The ammonia decomposition catalytic module is the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 installed within the ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the ammonia to be decomposed is heated by external equipment to a certain temperature, such as 500°C. It then enters the input end of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 and contacts the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 to produce hydrogen and nitrogen. The ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 is heated to an operating temperature, such as 450°C, by a flexible reflector 120, using solar thermal energy. The generated hydrogen and nitrogen are then separated by a hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213 within the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. The hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213 is preferably made of a palladium membrane or a palladium alloy membrane with high hydrogen-nitrogen selectivity and permeability. This membrane can effectively separate hydrogen molecules at a certain pressure and temperature, allowing the hydrogen to enter the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213 to form ultrapure hydrogen. Nitrogen and undecomposed ammonia continue to flow through the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 until the ammonia is completely decomposed. Ultimately, nitrogen is discharged from the output end of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, and ultrapure hydrogen is discharged from the output end of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 213.

[0058] When the system is cold-started, on the one hand, the rail car 131 near the upper edge of the flexible reflector 120 drives the motor 136 to drive the mirror roll 135 on the upper edge of the flexible reflector 120 to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time drives the driving wheel to rotate counterclockwise along the driving wheel track 111, so that the rail car 131 near the upper edge unfolds the flexible reflector 120 while moving toward the upper end of the mirror field frame 110; on the other hand, the rail car 131 near the lower edge of the flexible reflector 120 drives the motor 136 to drive the flexible reflector 120 The mirror roll 135 at the lower edge of 120 rotates clockwise, simultaneously driving the drive wheel along the drive wheel track 111 to rotate clockwise, causing the track vehicle 131 near the lower edge to deploy the flexible reflector 120 while traveling toward the lower end of the mirror field frame 110. As described above, the deployment area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 is maximized, increasing the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror, maximizing the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, and rapidly heating the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 to a reaction temperature, such as 450°C.

[0059] After the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 is heated to a reaction temperature such as 450° C., the deployment area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 can be dynamically adjusted according to parameters such as solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature:

[0060] When sunlight intensity remains high, to prevent damage to the decomposition catalyst bed due to excessive temperatures, the mirror rollers 135 at the upper and lower edges of the flexible reflector 120, whose expanded area has reached its maximum, are driven by rail cars 131 to rotate closer to the center of the parabolic structure. This reduces the expanded area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror, thereby reducing the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. This stabilizes the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 at, for example, 450°C. At this time, the solar panel 310, originally located in the shade below the flexible reflector 120, is now directly illuminated by sunlight and generates electricity, which is stored in the energy storage module 320.

[0061] When the sunlight intensity decreases slightly due to slight obstruction by clouds, the mirror reels 135 at the upper and lower edges of the flexible reflector 120 are driven by the railcars 131 to move toward the upper and lower ends of the mirror field frame 110, thereby increasing the deployment area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror. This increases the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, thereby maintaining the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 at, for example, 450°C. At this time, the solar panel 310 originally located in the shade below the flexible reflector 120 can still be partially illuminated by direct sunlight and generate a certain amount of electricity, which is stored in the energy storage module 320.

[0062] Under conditions with almost no direct sunlight, such as short-term cloudy and rainy conditions, the electricity stored in the power storage module 320 is used to electrically heat the metal mesh 212 to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 at, for example, 450°C; under conditions with long-term no direct sunlight and at night, external electricity is used to power the electrically heated metal mesh 212 to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211 at, for example, 450°C.

[0063] Reference Figure 10 The present invention also provides an embodiment of a control method, which is applied to any of the above controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems, and the control method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S100: introducing ammonia to be decomposed into the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210;

[0065] Step S200: The flexible reflector 120 is oriented toward the sun, so that sunlight is reflected to the position of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210. The flexible reflector 120 transfers the heat of the solar energy to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 to heat and decompose the ammonia.

[0066] In actual operation, the base motor 420 can adjust the pitch angle of the mirror field frame 110 so that the flexible reflector 120 can better reflect sunlight to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210 .

[0067] Step S300: The curling adjustment structure 130 drives both ends of the flexible reflector 120 to move along the parabolic curvature direction of the mirror field frame 110 to unfold and curl both ends of the flexible reflector 120 to control the amount of solar energy heat transferred.

[0068] Specifically, when the system is cold-started, the drive structure drives the mirror roller 135 to roll along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame 110, driving both ends of the flexible reflector 120 to unfold. The unfolded area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 reaches the maximum limit, increasing the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror, maximizing the solar energy reflected and concentrated on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, and quickly heating the ammonia decomposition catalytic module to the reaction temperature.

[0069] After the ammonia decomposition catalytic module is heated to the reaction temperature, the unfolded area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 can be dynamically adjusted by the curling adjustment structure 130 according to parameters such as solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature:

[0070] When the sunlight intensity remains high, the drive structure drives the mirror winding roller 135 to roll along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame 110, causing the flexible reflector 120 to curl, reducing the unfolded area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror. This reduces the amount of solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, thereby stabilizing the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalytic module. At this time, the solar cell panel 310, originally located in the shade below the flexible reflector 120, will be directly illuminated by sunlight and generate electricity, which will be stored in the power storage module 320.

[0071] When the sunlight intensity decreases slightly due to slight obstruction by clouds, the drive structure drives the mirror roller 135 to roll along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame 110, causing both ends of the flexible reflector 120 to unfold, thereby increasing the unfolded area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 and the opening area of ​​the parabolic mirror. This increases the solar energy reflected and focused on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210, thereby maintaining the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 211. At this time, the solar cell panel 310 originally located in the shade below the flexible reflector 120 can still be partially directly illuminated by sunlight and generate a certain amount of electricity, which is stored in the energy storage module 320.

[0072] In the case of short-term cloudy and rainy conditions with almost no direct sunlight, the electricity stored in the power storage module 320 is used for the electric heating module to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210;

[0073] In the absence of direct sunlight for a long period of time and at night, external electricity is used to power the electric heating module to maintain the reaction temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube 210.

[0074] According to the present invention, the area of ​​the flexible reflector 120 can be flexibly adjusted according to the different intensities of solar radiation, thereby providing a suitable reaction temperature for the ammonia decomposition reaction. When the solar thermal energy is insufficient, the electricity generated by the solar cell panel 310 can be used for electric auxiliary heating.

[0075] The above specifically describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. Controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, characterized by: include: A reflective assembly includes a mirror field frame, a flexible reflector, and a curling adjustment structure. The cross-section of the mirror field frame is a parabolic curved structure, the opening direction of the parabolic curved structure is the sun-facing side, and the back side is the shaded side. The flexible reflector is a flexible parabolic mirror structure, and the flexible reflector is parabolically curved and arranged on the sun-facing side of the mirror field frame. The curling adjustment structure is respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible reflector along the parabolic direction. The curling adjustment structure drives the two ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature direction of the mirror field frame to unfold and curl the two ends of the flexible reflector. An ammonia decomposition assembly includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, an ammonia decomposition catalytic module is provided inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and a central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the parabolic mirror focal line of the flexible reflector; The curling adjustment structure includes two curling components that are respectively connected to the two ends of the flexible reflector along the parabola, and the curling component includes a mirror rolling rod and a driving structure. The mirror rolling rod is connected to the flexible reflector, and the driving structure drives the mirror rolling rod to roll along the parabolic direction of the mirror field frame to drive the flexible reflector to unfold and curl. The driving structure includes a driving wheel rail and a rail car provided on the mirror field frame, the driving wheel rail is provided with a rack arranged in a parabolic curve along the mirror field frame, the rail car is provided with a power output shaft, and the power output shaft is provided with a driving gear meshing with the rack. The end of the mirror rolling rod is transmission-connected to the power output shaft. The mirror field frame is provided with a guide wheel rail arranged along a parabolic direction, the rail car is in sliding cooperation with the guide wheel rail, the guide wheel rail is arranged on the sunny side of the mirror field frame, and the drive wheel rail is arranged on the shady side of the mirror field frame. The rail car is provided with a guide wheel that is in sliding cooperation with the guide wheel rail, the mirror field frame is provided with a rail car running groove, the rail car is arranged in the rail car running groove, the power output shaft is provided with two drive gears, and the two drive gears are respectively located on both sides of the rail car. There are two racks, and the two racks are respectively arranged on both sides of the rail car running groove, and the two racks are respectively meshed with the two drive gears in a one-to-one correspondence.

2. The controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition reaction tube is provided with an electric heating module, and the electric heating module is used to heat the interior of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube.

3. The controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a solar energy collection component, which includes at least one solar panel and a power storage module connected to each other. The solar panel is installed on the mirror field frame. The solar panel is located in the shade below the flexible reflector. The electric heating module is connected to the power storage module.

4. The controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system also includes a rotary drive structure connected to the mirror field frame, wherein the rotary drive structure is used to drive the mirror field frame to rotate around a rotation axis, and the rotation axis is located in a plane formed by the axis of the lowest point of the mirror field frame and the central axis of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube.

5. A control method, characterized in that: It is applied to the controllable concentrated ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the control method comprises the following steps: Passing ammonia to be decomposed into the ammonia decomposition reaction tube; The flexible reflector is directed toward the sun so that sunlight is reflected to the position of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the flexible reflector to heat and decompose the ammonia; The curling adjustment structure drives the two ends of the flexible reflector to move along the parabolic curvature direction of the mirror field frame, so as to unfold and curl the two ends of the flexible reflector and thus control the amount of heat transferred from the solar energy.

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