Hand-held laser welding machine capable of preventing metal from splashing

Abstract

The invention discloses a handheld laser welding machine capable of preventing metal from splashing, and relates to the technical field of laser welding, the handheld laser welding machine comprises a nozzle fixed on a gun nozzle of a laser welding gun, a flow guide head used for shunting shielding gas is fixed in the nozzle, a plurality of flow changing plates are annularly distributed on the periphery of the nozzle, and the nozzle is sleeved with a flow adjusting assembly; the flow adjusting assembly comprises a flow guide cover arranged on the nozzle in a sleeving mode, and the flow guide cover moves in the axial direction of the nozzle. The protective gas is shunted through the flow guide head, and the shunted protective gas is blown to the lower end of the nozzle through the flow adjusting gas channel formed between the nozzle and the flow guide cover, so that the problems that splashing high-temperature metal particles make continuous contact with the outer wall of the nozzle, and the high-temperature metal particles and oxygen in an area not covered by the protective gas are subjected to composite reaction are solved; and a corrosive metal oxide deposition layer is formed, so that the outer wall material of the nozzle is subjected to oxidation peeling and thermal stress crack propagation, and the service life of the nozzle is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a handheld laser welding machine capable of preventing metal splashing. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the laser welding machine, an inert shielding gas must be continuously delivered to the inside of the welding gun. Its core function is to isolate the welding area from contact with the air and remove metal vapor to protect the focusing lens from contamination. However, the gas delivery scheme of the traditional welding gun has structural defects: the shielding gas is mainly sprayed directly outward through the internal channel of the nozzle. This unidirectional flow mode makes it impossible to effectively suppress the condensation of molten metal vapor and the sputtering of liquid droplets ejected from the molten pool during the welding process. During the dynamic welding process, the splashing high-temperature metal particles are in continuous contact with the outer wall of the nozzle. The high-temperature metal particles react with the oxygen in the area not covered by the shielding gas to form a corrosive metal oxide deposition layer, which causes oxidation and spalling of the outer wall material of the nozzle and the expansion of thermal stress cracks, ultimately shortening the service life of the nozzle assembly by 30% to 50%. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a handheld laser welding machine that is anti-metal splash in order to solve the problem that the flying high-temperature metal particles are in continuous contact with the outer wall of the nozzle, the high-temperature metal particles react with the oxygen in the area not covered by the protective gas to form a corrosive metal oxide deposition layer, which causes oxidation peeling and thermal stress crack expansion of the outer wall material of the nozzle, resulting in a shortened service life of the nozzle assembly.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technology: a handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splashing: comprising a nozzle fixed on the nozzle of a laser welding gun, a flow guide head for diverting the shielding gas is fixed in the nozzle, a plurality of flow changer plates are distributed in an annular manner around the nozzle, a flow regulating component is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle, the flow regulating component comprises a flow guide cover sleeved on the nozzle, and the flow guide cover moves along the axial direction of the nozzle;

[0005] The shielding gas is diverted through the guide head, and after diversion, the shielding gas is blown toward the lower end of the nozzle through the flow regulating air channel formed between the nozzle and the guide cover. The shielding gas in the flow regulating air channel is redirected by the diverter plate to form a spiral airflow, and the shielding gas redirected by the diverter plate forms an airflow protection cover for the lower end of the nozzle;

[0006] The guide cover moves along the nozzle to adjust the opening size of the flow regulating airway, and the flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted through the opening of the flow regulating airway.

[0007] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splashing is as follows: the nozzle comprises a connecting head and an injection head, and the guide head is fixed on the upper end of the injection head;

[0008] A main flow-dividing air passage is formed between the guide head and the bell mouth at the lower end of the connector;

[0009] The lower ends of the guide head and the connector are fixed by a plurality of first connecting plates;

[0010] The outer wall of the injection head is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves distributed in an annular manner, the flow-changing plate is slidably inserted into the receiving grooves, and a plurality of springs are fixed between the inner edge of the flow-changing plate and the receiving grooves;

[0011] The receiving grooves are inclined grooves inclined in the same direction.

[0012] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing is provided: a first internally threaded tube that is threadedly connected to a connecting head is fixed to the upper end of the air guide cover, and the air guide cover and the injection head are both inverted frustum-shaped structures.

[0013] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splashing is provided: a protective gas drainage cover is provided on the injection head, and the protective gas drainage cover includes an upper drainage cover and a lower drainage cover;

[0014] A flow guide pipe is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the flow guide cover, and a secondary flow diversion channel is formed between the flow guide pipe and the step groove opened at the lower end of the first internally threaded tube;

[0015] An umbrella flow air channel connected to the secondary branch air channel is formed between the upper guide cover and the lower guide cover, and the opening of the umbrella flow air channel faces the injection head;

[0016] The upper edge of the guide pipe is fixed to the first internally threaded pipe via a plurality of connecting rods.

[0017] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splashing is provided: the upper drainage cover and the lower drainage cover are fixed by a plurality of second connecting plates;

[0018] The upper end of the upper drainage cover is coaxially fixed with a second internally threaded tube threadedly connected to the externally threaded portion of the lower end of the first internally threaded tube, and the lower drainage cover is coaxially fixed with an airway shielding tube sleeved on the guide tube;

[0019] The second internally threaded tube is spirally adjusted along the externally threaded portion to drive the airway shielding tube to rise and fall, and the secondary branch airway is shielded by the airway shielding tube on the airflow outlet side to adjust the opening size.

[0020] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing is provided: a positioning flange is coaxially fixed to the lower end of the guide tube.

[0021] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing: the guide head is a frustum-shaped structure.

[0022] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing is as follows: the upper inner wall cross-section of the step groove is arc-shaped, and the upper end of the injection head is a frustum-shaped structure.

[0023] As a further description of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing is as follows: the outer surface of the injection head is parallel to the inner surface of the shroud.

[0024] In summary, due to the use of the above-mentioned technology, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present application diverts the protective gas through a flow guide hood, and the flow changer guides the gas to form a downward spiral airflow. The high-speed airflow at the lower end of the nozzle forms a pressure gradient with the spiral airflow, driving the low-speed spiral airflow to flow to the high-speed area to achieve dynamic gas replenishment. The interaction between the spiral airflow and the high-speed airflow increases the diffusion range of the protective gas, which can completely block the lower end of the nozzle, isolate the high-temperature metal particles through the airflow barrier, reduce the contact probability between the nozzle and the particles, and then use the speed difference to induce airflow self-compensation, breaking through the limitations of traditional single flow field protection, and realizing all-round dynamic protection of the nozzle. The spiral airflow is used to comprehensively protect the lower end of the nozzle, increase the coverage area of ​​the nozzle with the protective gas, reduce the complex reaction caused by the contact between the high-temperature metal particles and the nozzle, and improve the service life of the nozzle.

[0026] 2. By moving the guide cover along the nozzle and changing the distance between the guide cover and the nozzle, the opening size of the flow regulating airway can be adjusted. The flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted through the opening of the flow regulating airway, and then the flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted so that the protective gas can reach the optimal blowing flow rate.

[0027] 3. The main branch air duct introduces part of the gas into the secondary branch air duct, which is guided by the umbrella air duct to form an umbrella-shaped airflow, which directionally covers the injection head area. The spiral airflow and the airflow at the end of the injection head form a composite flow field, which compresses the movement range of the metal particles. The umbrella-shaped airflow forms a covering barrier to confine the particles inside the airflow field. The size of the secondary branch air duct outlet opening is adjusted through the airway shielding tube to achieve linear adjustment of the umbrella airflow outlet speed to meet the requirements of different welding conditions. Finally, the synergistic effect of multi-stage airflow is achieved to improve the airflow control accuracy, and the process adaptability is enhanced through the adjustable airway design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a nozzle, a flow regulating assembly and a protective gas deflection hood provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 3 The embodiment provided according to the present invention shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cutaway structure;

[0031] Figure 4 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the shielding gas diversion state provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 The embodiment provided according to the present invention shows Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 The embodiment provided according to the present invention shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of explosion structure;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a flow regulating component provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a protective gas drainage hood provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Legend:

[0037] 10. Laser welding gun;

[0038] 20, nozzle; 21, connector; 211, air hole; 212, main branch air channel; 22, injection head; 221, storage groove; 23, guide head; 231, first connecting plate;

[0039] 30. flow regulating assembly; 31. diverter plate; 32. spring; 33. guide cover; 331. guide pipe; 332. positioning flange; 34. flow regulating airway; 35. first internally threaded pipe; 351. externally threaded portion; 352. step groove; 353. secondary flow dividing airway; 36. connecting rod;

[0040] 40. Protective gas drainage cover; 41. Upper drainage cover; 411. Umbrella flow airway; 42. Lower drainage cover; 421. Second connecting plate; 43. Airway shielding tube; 44. Second internally threaded tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technology in the embodiments of the present invention, a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides: a handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splashing, comprising a nozzle 20 fixed on the nozzle of a laser welding gun 10, wherein the shielding gas enters into a flow guide head 23 fixed inside the nozzle 20 through an air hole 211, and the flow guide head 23 divides the shielding gas, wherein a part of the shielding gas is directly blown to the surface of the molten pool through the lower end of the air hole 211, and the surface of the molten pool is deeply depressed by the side-blown shielding gas jet, and the fluctuation of the molten pool is suppressed, and at the same time, the keyhole opening is enlarged, and the molten metal flows backward from the bottom of the keyhole to the surface of the molten pool, and is suppressed when impacting the molten pool upward, thereby achieving the purpose of suppressing splashing;

[0043] At the same time, another part of the gas is diverted through the guide head 23, and a plurality of flow-changing plates 31 are distributed in an annular manner around the nozzle 20 to change the flow direction of the other part of the protective gas, so that the protective gas forms a downward spiral airflow. A flow regulating component 30 is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle 20. The flow regulating component 30 includes a guide cover 33 sleeved on the nozzle 20. The guide cover 33 moves along the axial direction of the nozzle 20 to change the diameter of the flow regulating airway 34 between the guide cover 33 and the guide head 23, so as to adjust the opening size of the flow regulating airway 34, and finally adjust the flow rate of the spiral airflow.

[0044] Another part of the shielding gas is diverted through the flow guide head 23, and the diverted shielding gas is blown toward the lower end of the nozzle 20 through the flow regulating air channel 34 formed between the nozzle 20 and the flow guide cover 33. The shielding gas in the flow regulating air channel 34 is redirected by the flow redirecting plate 31 to form a spiral airflow, wherein the spiral airflow surrounds the lower end of the nozzle 20, and the shielding gas redirected by the flow redirecting plate 31 forms an airflow protection cover for the lower end of the nozzle 20. When the outflow velocity of the lower end of the nozzle 20 is greater than the velocity of the spiral airflow, part of the low-speed spiral airflow will flow toward the high-speed airflow under the action of air pressure, thereby comprehensively protecting the lower end of the nozzle 20 through the spiral airflow, increasing the coverage area of ​​the shielding gas on the nozzle 20, and reducing the composite reaction caused by the contact between the high-temperature metal particles and the nozzle 20;

[0045] When the nozzle 20 is misaligned with the side blowing of the shielding gas to the molten pool, it will also lead to an increase in spatter. At this time, some of the spattered metal particles are affected by the centrifugal force of the spiral airflow ( Figure 4As shown in F), a lateral force is generated to prevent the flying metal particles from directly flying to the lower end of the nozzle 20;

[0046] When the metal particles splash along the flow direction of the spiral airflow, the negative pressure of the spiral airflow attracts the metal particles, so that the metal particles can move around the spiral airflow and avoid splashing outwards.

[0047] When the metal particles rotate in opposite directions to the spiral airflow, the reverse spiral airflow will generate an impact force in the opposite direction to the metal particles to suppress the splashing speed of the metal particles. After the splashing speed of the metal particles is reduced, the splashing range of the metal particles can be effectively controlled to avoid large-scale splashing.

[0048] Furthermore, when the metal particles are splashing upward, the spiral downward airflow also produces an effect that presses the metal particles downward (such as Figure 4 The force of Y in the figure is shown, so the spiral downward airflow can not only suppress the flying metal particles downward, but also form a protective gas protection layer at the lower end of the nozzle 20 for the purpose of airflow protection;

[0049] By moving and adjusting the guide cover 33 along the nozzle 20, the distance between the guide cover 33 and the nozzle 20 is changed, and the opening size of the flow regulating airway 34 is adjusted. The flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted through the opening of the flow regulating airway 34, and then the flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted so that the protective gas can reach the optimal blowing flow rate.

[0050] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the nozzle 20 includes a connecting head 21 and an injection head 22, and a flow guide head 23 is fixed on the upper end of the injection head 22;

[0051] The guide head 23 and the lower end of the connecting head 21 are fixed by a plurality of first connecting plates 231, so that a main flow-dividing air passage 212 is formed between the guide head 23 and the bell mouth at the lower end of the connecting head 21, and the protective gas passes through the air hole 211 in the connecting head 21 and is diverted through the guide head 23, so that part of the protective gas flows into the injection head 22 along the air hole 211, and then is ejected from the lower end of the injection head 22, and the other part of the protective gas is diverted to the outside of the nozzle 20 through the main flow-dividing air passage 212, and is guided by the guide cover 33, so that the other part of the protective gas protects part of the injection head 22;

[0052] like Figure 5 , Figure 5As shown, the outer wall of the injection head 22 is annularly distributed with a plurality of receiving grooves 221, and the receiving grooves 221 are inclined grooves inclined in the same direction, and the diverter plate 31 is slidably inserted in the receiving groove 221. When the protective airflow enters the main branch airway 212 and contacts the diverter plate 31 inclinedly arranged in an annular distribution, the airflow direction is affected by the inclination angle of the plate surface, and its flow momentum is decomposed into an axial component (along the direction of the nozzle 20) and a tangential component (perpendicular to the axial direction). The tangential velocity component directly induces the rotational motion of the airflow, forming a spiral airflow.

[0053] A plurality of springs 32 are fixed between the inner edge of the diverter plate 31 and the receiving groove 221, the outer edge of the diverter plate 31 is fitted with the inner surface of the air guide cover 33, and the diverter plate 31 is placed inside the air guide cover 33, so that under the elastic rebound effect of the springs 32, the diverter plate 31 can always be against the inner wall of the air guide cover 33;

[0054] And when the air guide cover 33 moves upward, the air guide cover 33 presses the redirecting plate 31 into the receiving groove 221, and the spring 32 elastically contracts to generate an elastic rebound force, and then the redirecting plate 31 is placed inside the air guide cover 33 to directly redirect the airflow in the flow regulating air duct 34, avoiding the problem of uneven airflow distribution when placed on the outside. At the same time, the contraction of the redirecting plate 31 in the receiving groove 221 avoids interference with the upward and downward movement of the air guide cover 33.

[0055] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a first internally threaded tube 35 threadedly connected to the connector 21 is fixed at the upper end of the air guide hood 33, and then the first internally threaded tube 35 is rotated, so that the first internally threaded tube 35 drives the air guide hood 33 to move along the axis of the connector 21 under the action of the thread, and the air guide hood 33 and the injection head 22 are both inverted frustum-shaped structures, so when the air guide hood 33 slides up and down (axial relative movement), the contact point of the lower edge of the air guide hood 33 moves along the cone generatrix to different diameter positions. If the air guide hood 33 moves upward, the contact point approaches the large diameter end, resulting in a smaller radius difference between the air guide hood 33 and the injection head 22, and the flow regulating airway 34 becomes narrower, and vice versa.

[0056] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, a protective gas drainage cover 40 is sleeved on the injection head 22, and the protective gas drainage cover 40 includes an upper drainage cover 41 and a lower drainage cover 42, and both the upper drainage cover 41 and the lower drainage cover 42 are tubular structures with a wide bottom and a narrow top;

[0057] A guide pipe 331 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the guide cover 33. The upper edge of the guide pipe 331 is fixed to the first internally threaded tube 35 by a plurality of connecting rods 36 distributed in an annular manner, so as to achieve the fixation of the guide cover 33 and the first internally threaded tube 35. At the same time, a secondary flow-dividing air passage 353 is formed between the guide pipe 331 and the step groove 352 opened at the lower end of the first internally threaded tube 35. The secondary flow-dividing air passage 353 is connected to the main flow-dividing air passage 212.

[0058] An umbrella flow airway 411 connected to the secondary branch airway 353 is formed between the upper drainage hood 41 and the lower drainage hood 42, and the opening of the umbrella flow airway 411 is toward the injection head 22. Part of the protective gas in the air hole 211 is diverted to the secondary branch airway 353 through the main branch airway 212, and then the protective gas is guided by the umbrella flow airway 411, so that the protective gas is sprayed toward the injection head 22 in an umbrella shape. After being suppressed by the spiral airflow and the airflow at the end of the injection head 22, the splashing metal particles are protected by the umbrella-shaped protective gas airflow, so that the splashing metal particles can be effectively controlled within the formed umbrella-shaped airflow area, thereby increasing the anti-splashing effect of the metal particles.

[0059] like Figure 8 As shown, the upper guide cover 41 and the lower guide cover 42 are fixed by a plurality of annularly distributed second connecting plates 421, thereby achieving synchronous movement of the two guide covers along the axial direction of the nozzle 20;

[0060] like Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, a second internally threaded tube 44 threadedly connected to the externally threaded portion 351 at the lower end of the first internally threaded tube 35 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the upper drainage cover 41, and an airway shielding tube 43 sleeved on the guide tube 331 is coaxially fixed to the lower drainage cover 42. Therefore, when the second internally threaded tube 44 is rotated counterclockwise, the upper drainage cover 41 and the lower drainage cover 42 are lifted upward under the action of the threads of the second internally threaded tube 44 and the externally threaded portion 351, and the air inlet end of the umbrella flow airway 411 is gradually blocked by the outer wall of the connector 21. At the same time, the airway shielding tube 43 blocks the outlet side of the secondary branch airway 353 to adjust the opening size of the secondary branch airway 353, and then adjust the outlet flow rate of the umbrella flow airway 411, so that the umbrella flow airway 411 does not affect the air volume in the flow regulating airway 34 when injecting airflow;

[0061] On the contrary, when the second internal threaded tube 44 is turned clockwise, the upper guide cover 41 and the lower guide cover 42 are lowered, and the air inlet end of the umbrella air channel 411 and the air outlet of the secondary branch air channel 353 gradually overlap, thereby increasing the air volume of the umbrella air channel 411;

[0062] Furthermore, the axial length of the airway shielding tube 43 is greater than the outlet width of the secondary branch airway 353, so the airway shielding tube 43 can completely seal the secondary branch airway 353, thereby ensuring the gas flow rate of the flow regulating airway 34 and the air hole 211 of the injection head 22 when the gas flow rate is low;

[0063] Finally, the second internally threaded tube 44 is spirally adjusted along the externally threaded portion 351 , and the airway shielding tube 43 is raised and lowered, and the secondary branch airway 353 is shielded by the airway shielding tube 43 on the airflow outlet side of the secondary branch airway 353 to adjust the opening size.

[0064] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, a positioning flange 332 is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the guide tube 331. When the lower edge of the airway shielding tube 43 abuts against the upper surface of the positioning flange 332, the overlapping opening of the umbrella flow airway 411 and the secondary branch airway 353 is at its largest. When the upper edge of the second internally threaded tube 44 abuts against the lower edge of the end of the first internally threaded tube 35, the airway shielding tube 43 completely blocks the secondary branch airway 353, thereby achieving rapid.

[0065] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the flow guide head 23 is a frustum-shaped structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The gradually expanding geometric feature of the flow guide head 23 of the frustum-shaped structure can achieve orderly distribution of axial momentum and tangential momentum of the shielding gas during the diversion process. Its inclined wall surface converts the kinetic energy of the gas into a uniform spiral flow state through the momentum decomposition effect, effectively suppressing the generation of turbulent vortices, and the upper end opening of the air hole 211 of the flow guide head 23 is a linear structure, which can also reduce the wind resistance of the shielding gas during diversion.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper inner wall cross-section of the step groove 352 is arc-shaped. Under the guidance of the arc-shaped surface, the problem of airflow returning can be avoided, and the airflow can flow smoothly to the umbrella flow channel 411. At the same time, the upper end of the injection head 22 is a conical structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, which effectively suppresses the generation of turbulent vortices.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown, the outer surface of the injection head 22 is parallel to the inner surface of the guide cover 33. Through the parallel distance design between the outer surface of the injection head 22 and the inner surface of the guide cover 33, the flow velocity of the protective gas is evenly distributed along the flow direction, which significantly reduces the turbulence intensity in the flow regulating air duct 34 (the turbulent energy dissipation is reduced by about 30% to 45%), and forms a stable laminar boundary layer.

[0068] Working principle: The connector 21 is screwed onto the nozzle of the laser welding gun 10, and a protective gas is introduced into the nozzle 20;

[0069] The shielding gas passes through the air hole 211 in the connecting head 21, and then passes through the guide head 23 to split the shielding gas. Part of the shielding gas passes through the air hole 211 of the injection head 22 and the guide head 23 and is directly sprayed to the molten pool. The other part of the shielding gas passes through the main split air channel 212 and is dispersed into the annular flow regulating air channel 34.

[0070] When the shielding gas passes through the diverter plate 31, the direction of the gas flow is affected by the inclination angle of the plate surface, and its flow momentum is decomposed into an axial component and a tangential component. The tangential velocity component directly causes the rotation of the gas flow to form a spiral gas flow, and suppress the flying metal particles.

[0071] At the same time, the airway width of the flow regulating airway 34 is adjusted by spirally rotating the first internally threaded tube 35 so as to adjust the spiral gas to achieve an optimal blowing flow rate.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes to a handheld laser welding machine that prevents metal splashing and its inventive concept according to the technology of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A handheld laser welding machine to prevent metal splash, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle (20) fixed on the nozzle of a laser welding gun (10), a flow guide head (23) for diverting the protective gas being fixed inside the nozzle (20), a plurality of flow changer plates (31) being distributed in an annular manner around the nozzle (20), a flow regulating component (30) being sleeved on the outside of the nozzle (20), the flow regulating component (30) comprising a flow guide cover (33) sleeved on the nozzle (20), and the flow guide cover (33) moving axially along the nozzle (20); The protective gas is diverted through the flow guide head (23), and after diversion, the protective gas is blown toward the lower end of the nozzle (20) through a flow regulating air channel (34) formed between the nozzle (20) and the flow guide cover (33). The protective gas in the flow regulating air channel (34) is redirected by a flow redirecting plate (31) to form a spiral airflow, and the protective gas redirected by the flow redirecting plate (31) forms an airflow protection cover for the lower end of the nozzle (20); The guide cover (33) moves along the nozzle (20) to adjust the opening size of the flow regulating air channel (34), and the flow rate of the spiral airflow is adjusted through the opening of the flow regulating air channel (34).

2. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (20) comprises a connecting head (21) and an injection head (22), and the flow guide head (23) is fixed on the upper end of the injection head (22); A main flow-dividing air passage (212) is formed between the guide head (23) and the bell mouth at the lower end of the connecting head (21); The guide head (23) and the lower end of the connecting head (21) are fixed via a plurality of first connecting plates (231); The outer wall of the injection head (22) is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves (221) distributed in an annular manner, the flow-changing plate (31) is slidably inserted into the receiving groove (221), and a plurality of springs (32) are fixed between the inner edge of the flow-changing plate (31) and the receiving groove (221); The storage grooves (221) are inclined grooves inclined in the same direction.

3. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first internally threaded tube (35) threadedly connected to the connecting head (21) is fixed to the upper end of the flow guide cover (33); the flow guide cover (33) and the injection head (22) are both inverted frustum-shaped structures.

4. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spray head (22) is provided with a protective gas drainage cover (40), and the protective gas drainage cover (40) comprises an upper drainage cover (41) and a lower drainage cover (42); A flow guide pipe (331) is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the flow guide cover (33), and a secondary flow-dividing air passage (353) is formed between the flow guide pipe (331) and a step groove (352) provided at the lower end of the first internally threaded tube (35); An umbrella flow air channel (411) communicating with the secondary branch flow air channel (353) is formed between the upper guide cover (41) and the lower guide cover (42), and the opening of the umbrella flow air channel (411) faces the injection head (22); The upper edge of the flow guide tube (331) and the first internally threaded tube (35) are fixed via a plurality of connecting rods (36).

5. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper deflection cover (41) and the lower deflection cover (42) are fixed via a plurality of second connecting plates (421); A second internally threaded tube (44) threadedly connected to the externally threaded portion (351) at the lower end of the first internally threaded tube (35) is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the upper drainage cover (41), and an airway shielding tube (43) sleeved on the guide tube (331) is coaxially fixed to the lower drainage cover (42); The second internally threaded tube (44) is spirally adjusted along the externally threaded portion (351) to drive the airway shielding tube (43) to rise and fall, and the secondary branch airway (353) shields the airflow outlet side through the airway shielding tube (43) to adjust the opening size.

6. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning flange (332) is coaxially fixed to the lower end of the flow guide tube (331).

7. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide head (23) is a frustum-shaped structure.

8. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper inner wall cross-section of the step groove (352) is arc-shaped, and the upper end of the injection head (22) is a frustum-shaped structure.

9. The handheld laser welding machine for preventing metal splash according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the injection head (22) is parallel to the inner surface of the flow guide cover (33).

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