Aluminum plate laser cutting device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to an aluminum plate laser cutting device, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism and a gas injection mechanism.The supporting mechanism comprises multiple groups of supporting plates used for supporting the aluminum plate, the area of the end of the supporting plate in contact with the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of the end of the supporting plate far away from the aluminum plate; the laser cutting mechanism is located above the aluminum plate and is used for cutting the aluminum plate; the gas injection mechanism is arranged on the laser cutting mechanism and is used for outputting compressed gas flow at the cutting position; the cleaning mechanism comprises a supporting seat slidingly arranged below the aluminum plate, a scraper arranged on the supporting seat and a moving assembly used for moving the supporting seat on the supporting seat, and the scraper is used for removing the molten slag at the cutting position of the aluminum plate.The application has the effect of reducing the influence on the aluminum plate processing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to an aluminum plate laser cutting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the continuous improvement of the demand for high-precision processing in modern industry, aluminum plates are widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment and the like due to their light weight, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity. However, the traditional cutting methods of aluminum plates, such as mechanical cutting and plasma cutting, often have problems such as rough cutting edges, large heat-affected zones and material waste. In recent years, laser cutting technology has developed rapidly due to its high precision, low heat input and strong flexibility, and is widely used in the cutting of aluminum plates.

[0003] In the prior art, when the aluminum plate is cut, the laser energy melts the aluminum locally to form slag in the form of particles or sheets, which adheres to the cutting edge or the surface of the equipment, which may cause burrs on the cutting surface. Generally, auxiliary gas (such as nitrogen, oxygen or compressed air) is used to blow the molten aluminum away from the cutting edge, but the molten slag blown away is likely to form a everted solidification slag point on the other side of the aluminum plate, which needs to be treated additionally, affecting the processing of the aluminum plate. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to reduce the impact on the processing of the aluminum plate, the application provides an aluminum plate laser cutting device.

[0005] The aluminum plate laser cutting device provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] An aluminum plate laser cutting device comprises:

[0007] A support mechanism comprising a plurality of support plates for supporting the aluminum plate, wherein the area of the end of the support plate in contact with the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of the end away from the aluminum plate;

[0008] A laser cutting mechanism located above the aluminum plate for cutting the aluminum plate;

[0009] A gas injection mechanism arranged on the laser cutting mechanism for outputting a compressed gas flow at the cutting position;

[0010] A cleaning mechanism comprising a support seat slidably arranged below the aluminum plate, a scraper arranged on the support seat, and a moving assembly for moving the support seat, wherein the scraper is used for removing the slag at the cutting position of the aluminum plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the aluminum plate is placed on the small contact end of the support plate, and then cut by the laser cutting mechanism. The gas jet mechanism simultaneously blows away the molten slag. After the cutting is completed, the moving component drives the support base to move, so that the scraper moves and scrapes away the residual molten slag. By setting up the support plate, the heat conduction path is reduced, and the damage to the platform caused by laser cutting can be reduced. Compared with the existing technology that only relies on gas blowing, the physical removal by mechanical scraper, combined with the thermal isolation design of the support plate, reduces the molten slag residue rate. At the same time, the scraper can immediately scrape off the aluminum plate after cutting, reducing the difficulty of scraping off molten slag and reducing the marks on the aluminum plate surface, thus improving the impact on aluminum plate processing.

[0012] Optionally, the scraper is provided with a vibration component for applying 10-50Hz high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the scraper.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the scraper moves, the vibration component generates high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, causing longitudinal fluctuations in the blade edge. The vibration creates dynamic shearing force between the scraper and the molten slag, which reduces the removal resistance and scratches on the aluminum plate surface compared to traditional rigid scraping. At the same time, it can reduce the adhesion of molten slag on the scraper surface, reduce the scraping of the aluminum plate by the adhered molten slag, and further reduce the impact on aluminum plate processing.

[0014] Optionally, the cleaning mechanism further includes:

[0015] A negative pressure block is disposed on the support base, and a negative pressure space is formed on the negative pressure block. The negative pressure space is arranged around the cutting position, and the scraper is disposed within the negative pressure space.

[0016] The collection chamber, connected to the negative pressure space, is used to collect the falling slag and cutting waste;

[0017] A negative pressure component is used to provide negative pressure to the negative pressure space.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the negative pressure block moves synchronously with the scraper, and a local vacuum is formed in the negative pressure space. The scraped-off slag is sucked into the collection chamber, and the negative pressure component maintains a constant vacuum. Traditional open collection leads to aluminum powder diffusion pollution. This solution uses closed negative pressure collection, which improves slag recovery and reduces dust concentration in the working environment, thereby improving environmental safety. In addition, the set negative pressure space can recover special blowing gases, reduce the consumption rate of special gases, and thus reduce resource waste.

[0019] Optionally, the negative pressure block is provided with a steel brush, which is arranged around the negative pressure space to support the aluminum plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel brush forms a semi-enclosed adsorption space while supporting the aluminum plate. On the one hand, the vacuum adsorption can apply force to the aluminum plate, and combined with the support of the steel brush, it can reduce the deformation of the aluminum plate. On the other hand, it can reduce the splashing of aluminum dross, aluminum powder or molten slag, and improve the collection effect.

[0021] Optionally, the blade of the scraper is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide, the angle between the blade edge and the surface of the aluminum plate is 15°-30°, and the scraper has a built-in heating element.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the heating element heats the scraper to 180-220℃, softens the slag bonding layer, reduces the probability of hard scraping, reduces scraping resistance, thereby reducing damage to the aluminum plate and making the surface of the aluminum plate cleaner.

[0023] Optionally, the negative pressure block is further provided with a blower assembly, which is located within the negative pressure space. The blowing direction of the blower assembly forms an angle with the movement direction of the scraper and is located in front of the movement direction of the scraper.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the blowing assembly blows airflow forward at an angle of 30-45° to form a slag pre-separation zone. Compared with unidirectional scraping, this can improve the slag removal rate, reduce the obstruction of the slag to the scraper's movement, reduce the accumulation of slag at the scraper, and thus reduce the possibility of scratch damage to the aluminum plate.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes a fixing mechanism, which includes two adsorption blocks located on both sides of the scraper's movement direction, the adsorption blocks having adsorption holes that communicate with the negative pressure component.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the adsorption block adsorbs and fixes the aluminum plate through the negative pressure hole, so that the aluminum plate is attached to the support plate, reducing the deformation caused by the aluminum plate itself being rolled up, thereby improving the cutting accuracy, and preventing displacement caused by cutting vibration. At the same time, it reduces the possibility of the scraper moving and scraping, causing the aluminum plate to move. Compared with mechanical clamping, it shortens the fixing response time, and can avoid the formation of clamping marks, reducing the impact on the aluminum plate processing.

[0027] Optionally, the fixing mechanism further includes a fixing seat and a lifting frame. The fixing seat is located below the aluminum plate, the lifting frame slides vertically on the fixing seat, the support seat is disposed on the lifting frame, and the adsorption block is disposed on the lifting frame.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting frame adjusts the height of the support seat according to the thickness of the aluminum plate, maintains constant pressure between the scraper and the plate surface, improves the applicability of the equipment, and is also suitable for the movement of aluminum plates driven by the conveyor belt, reducing the impact on the conveying of aluminum plates.

[0029] Optionally, the fixing mechanism further includes a base and an adjusting component. The base is disposed on the support mechanism, the fixing seat slides on the base, and the adjusting component is disposed on the base and is used to drive the fixing seat to slide.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjustment component drives the fixed base to move laterally to match different cutting paths; compared with manual positioning, the processing efficiency of multi-hole positions is improved, further enhancing applicability.

[0031] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. By setting up the support plate, the heat conduction path is reduced, which can reduce the damage to the platform caused by laser cutting. Compared with the existing technology that only relies on gas purging, physical removal by mechanical scraper, combined with the thermal isolation design of the support plate, reduces the slag residue rate. At the same time, the scraper can immediately scrape off the aluminum plate after cutting, which reduces the difficulty of slag removal and reduces the marks on the aluminum plate surface, thus improving the impact on aluminum plate processing.

[0033] 2. The negative pressure block moves synchronously with the scraper, creating a partial vacuum in the negative pressure space. The scraped-off slag is sucked into the collection chamber, and the negative pressure component maintains a constant vacuum level. Traditional open collection leads to aluminum powder diffusion and pollution. This solution uses closed negative pressure collection, which improves slag recovery, reduces dust concentration in the working environment, and enhances environmental safety. Furthermore, the negative pressure space allows for the recovery of special blowing gases, reducing the consumption rate of these gases and thus reducing resource waste.

[0034] 3. The lifting frame adjusts the height of the support base according to the thickness of the aluminum plate to maintain constant pressure between the scraper and the plate surface, improving the applicability of the equipment. At the same time, it can be used for conveyor belts to move aluminum plates, reducing the impact on the conveying of aluminum plates. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.

[0038] Reference numerals: 100, Support mechanism; 110, Support plate; 120, Platform structure; 130, Conveyor shaft; 200, Laser cutting mechanism; 210, Laser cutting head; 220, Fixing frame; 230, Gantry frame; 240, Transverse movement assembly; 250, Longitudinal movement assembly; 300, Gas injection mechanism; 400, Cleaning mechanism; 410, Support base; 420, Scraper; 430, Moving assembly; 440, Negative pressure block; 441. Negative pressure space; 450. Collection bin; 460. Negative pressure component; 470. Steel brush; 480. Blowing component; 490. Lifting electric cylinder; 500. Fixing mechanism; 510. Adsorption block; 511. Adsorption hole; 520. Fixing base; 530. Lifting frame; 540. Base; 550. Adjustment component; 551. Servo motor; 552. Nut; 553. Lead screw; 560. Guide rail; 570. Electric cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following combination Figures 1 to 3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0040] This embodiment discloses an aluminum plate laser cutting device.

[0041] The aluminum plate laser cutting device of the present invention solves the problem of slag residue during laser cutting of aluminum plates through the synergistic effect of mechanical scraping and negative pressure adsorption. Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly includes the following modules: a support mechanism 100, used to stably support the aluminum plate and reduce the impact of heat conduction on the processing platform; a laser cutting mechanism 200, located above the aluminum plate, performing high-precision cutting; a gas jet mechanism 300, integrated into the laser cutting mechanism 200, providing directional compressed airflow to blow away molten slag; a cleaning mechanism 400, located below the aluminum plate, including a scraper 420, a negative pressure adsorption and collection system, to remove molten slag in real time; and a fixing mechanism 500, which ensures the positioning accuracy of the aluminum plate through negative pressure adsorption and lifting adjustment. All modules are linked through a control system to achieve full automation of the cutting-cleaning-collection process.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the support mechanism 100 can be a platform structure 120 or a conveyor belt. In this embodiment, a platform structure 120 is selected, which has a working space. Multiple crossbars are fixedly connected in the working space. The multiple crossbars are spaced apart to form a space that facilitates the movement of the cleaning mechanism 400. Multiple independent support plates 110 are fixedly connected to each crossbar. In other embodiments, the multiple support plates 110 are integrally formed into a single structure. The area of ​​the end of each support plate 110 near the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of ​​the end away from the aluminum plate. It can be trapezoidal, conical, triangular, triangular prism, etc. In this embodiment, a triangular structure is preferred. The upper end face that contacts the aluminum plate is rounded, and the multiple support plates 110 are arranged along the cutting direction of the aluminum plate. In order to facilitate the movement of the aluminum plate, a conveyor shaft 130 can be rotatably set between two adjacent crossbars. The conveyor shaft 130 is tangent to the plane formed by the support plates 110, and the conveyor shaft 130 is rotated by a motor belt drive.

[0043] The small contact area reduces the heat conduction path and prevents the platform from being damaged by the heat from laser cutting; the inverted conical design enhances support stability and prevents the aluminum plate from bending and deforming.

[0044] The laser cutting mechanism 200 includes a fixed frame 220, a gantry frame 230, a transverse component 240, a laser cutting head 210, and a longitudinal component 250. The fixed frame 220 is mounted on the support mechanism 100. The gantry frame 230 slides on the fixed frame 220 via the transverse component 240 and is located above the support mechanism 100. The laser cutting head 210 slides on the gantry frame 230 via the longitudinal component 250. The transverse component 240 and the longitudinal component 250 are selected from a motor ball screw structure or a linear motor module. In this embodiment, a motor ball screw structure is preferred. The output power range of the laser cutting head 210 is 500-4000W (wavelength 1064nm).

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gas injection mechanism 300 includes nozzles and a gas source. Multiple nozzles are nested around the laser cutting head 210 and are evenly distributed. The nozzle inner diameter is 1.5 mm. The gas source is located on the outside and connected to the nozzles through a hose. A solenoid valve for controlling the gas flow is installed between the gas source and the nozzles. The gas parameters are: nitrogen pressure 15-30 bar (adjustable according to the thickness of the aluminum plate), flow rate 30-80 L / min. During cutting, the laser beam and the airflow act synchronously on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the molten slag is blown towards the downward cleaning mechanism 400.

[0046] The fixing mechanism 500 includes a base 540, an adjusting component 550, a fixed seat 520, a lifting frame 530, and an adsorption block 510. The base 540 is located below the support mechanism 100 and inside the conveyor belt. The fixed seat 520 slides along the direction of movement of the conveyor belt. The adjusting component 550 is mounted on the base 540 and connected to the fixed seat 520 to drive the fixed seat 520 to slide. The adjusting component 550 includes a servo motor 551, a lead screw 553, and a nut 552. The servo motor 551 is fixedly connected to the base 540, the lead screw 553 is rotatably connected to the base 540, and the nut 552 is threadedly connected to it. The nut 552 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 520. The fixed seat 520 is provided with two sets of guide rails 560, which are vertically aligned. The lifting frame 530 is configured with two sets, each corresponding to one of the two sets of guide rails 560. The lifting frame 530 and the guide rails 560 are slidably connected, with a lifting stroke of 0-100mm and a positioning accuracy of ±0.01mm. Two sets of electric push cylinders 570 are fixedly connected to the fixed base 520, each corresponding to one of the two sets of lifting frames 530. The piston rod of the electric push cylinder 570 is detachably connected to the lifting frame 530 by bolts. Two adsorption blocks 510 are configured and fixedly connected to the end of the lifting frame 530 away from the fixed base 520. The two adsorption blocks 510 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the aluminum plate cutting seam. Each adsorption block 510 has an adsorption hole 511 with a diameter of 1mm on its surface, with a hole spacing of 5mm, and is connected to the negative pressure source of the cleaning mechanism 400 through a hose.

[0047] To further reduce scratches on the aluminum plate, a rubber contact layer is provided on the contact surface between the adsorption block 510 and the aluminum plate.

[0048] The cleaning mechanism 400 includes the following components: a lifting electric cylinder 490, a support base 410, a negative pressure block 440, a collection chamber 450, a negative pressure component 460, a scraper 420, a moving component 430, a vibration component, and a heating element. The support base 410 is slidably mounted on a fixed base 520 and located between two lifting frames 530. The moving component 430 is mounted on the fixed base 520 and connected to the support base 410, used to drive the support base 410 to slide. The structure of the moving component 430 can be a motor screw, a motor gear rack, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric... The linear motion structure, such as the push rod, is preferably a motor screw structure with the same structure as the adjustment component 550 in this embodiment. A lifting electric push cylinder 490 is fixedly connected between the support base 410 and the fixed base 520. The piston rod of the lifting electric push cylinder 490 is connected to the support base 410 and is used to drive the support base 410 to rise or fall. The negative pressure block 440 slides on the support block, and the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the adsorption block 510. The negative pressure block 440 has a ring structure to form a negative pressure space 441 with an inner diameter 2mm wider than the cutting slit and an outer diameter of 50mm. The top of the negative pressure block 440 is equipped with an annular steel brush 470 with bristles 0.3mm in diameter and 10mm in length, arranged radially. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the scraper 420, and the mounting plate has a waist-shaped hole. The scraper 420 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure block 440 by bolts passing through the waist-shaped hole. The scraper 420 is located in the middle of the negative pressure block 440, dividing the negative pressure space 441 evenly. The blade of the scraper 420 is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide (hardness ≥90HRA), and the angle between the blade edge and the surface of the aluminum plate is set to 25° (adjustable range 15°-30°).

[0049] In other embodiments, the support base 410 can be directly mounted on the lifting frame 530, reducing the need for the lifting electric push cylinder 490.

[0050] The vibration component is integrated on the mounting plate of the scraper 420 and contacts the scraper 420. It adopts a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, with a vibration frequency of 30Hz, an amplitude of 0.1mm, and a vibration direction at a 45° angle to the travel direction of the scraper 420.

[0051] The heating element is embedded inside the blade, and the blade temperature is maintained at 200℃±5℃ by PID temperature control; the collection chamber 450 is located below the negative pressure block 440 and communicates with the negative pressure space 441, and a mesh is provided at the bottom. The collection chamber 450 is connected to the negative pressure component 460 through a hose. The adsorption hole 511 of the adsorption block 510 is connected to the negative pressure component 460 through a hose and is equipped with a solenoid valve to control its opening and closing; the negative pressure component 460 can be a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure pump or a vacuum pump, which can be selected according to actual needs. In this embodiment, a negative pressure fan is preferred.

[0052] A blower assembly 480 is provided on the negative pressure block 440. The blower assembly 480 is located in the negative pressure space 441 and includes four miniature air nozzles tilted at 30°. The airflow speed is 20m / s and the direction is towards the front of the scraper 420. The miniature air nozzles are connected to the air outlet of the negative pressure fan through hoses.

[0053] The aluminum plate is conveyed to the top of the gantry 230 by the conveyor belt. The adjusting component 550 drives the fixed seat 520 to move, so that the adsorption block 510 moves to one side of the cutting position. Then, the electric push cylinder 570 drives the lifting frame 530 to rise. The lifting frame 530 adjusts the pressure of the scraper 420 according to the plate thickness (50-200N adjustable). The adsorption block 510 fixes the aluminum plate under negative pressure. The laser cutting head 210 cuts according to the preset path. Coaxial nitrogen blows the molten slag to the negative pressure space 441 below. The scraper 420 moves along the cutting seam under heating and vibration to peel off the residual molten slag. The blowing component 480 pre-blown the molten slag, and the negative pressure adsorption sucks it into the collection chamber 450. The steel brush 470 supports the aluminum plate and restricts the splashing of molten slag. The steel brush 470 prevents the aluminum plate from deforming.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for aluminum plates, characterized in that: include: The support mechanism (100) includes multiple sets of support plates (110) for supporting aluminum plates, wherein the area of ​​the end of the support plate (110) in contact with the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of ​​the end away from the aluminum plate. The laser cutting mechanism (200) is located above the aluminum plate and is used for cutting the aluminum plate; A gas jetting mechanism (300) is disposed on the laser cutting mechanism (200) and is used to output compressed airflow at the cutting position; The cleaning mechanism (400) includes a support base (410) slidably disposed under the aluminum plate, a scraper (420) disposed on the support base (410), and a moving component (430) for moving the support base (410). The scraper (420) is used to remove slag at the cutting position of the aluminum plate. The scraper (420) is provided with a vibration component for applying 10-50Hz high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the scraper (420); The cleaning mechanism (400) further includes: A negative pressure block (440) is disposed on the support base (410), and a negative pressure space (441) is provided on the negative pressure block (440). The negative pressure space (441) is arranged around the cutting position, and the scraper (420) is disposed in the negative pressure space (441). The collection chamber (450) is connected to the negative pressure space (441) and is used to collect the falling slag and cutting waste; A negative pressure assembly (460) is used to provide negative pressure to the negative pressure space (441); A steel brush (470) is provided on the negative pressure block (440), and the steel brush (470) is arranged around the negative pressure space (441) to support the aluminum plate; The blade of the scraper (420) is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide, and the angle between the blade edge and the surface of the aluminum plate is 15°-30°. The scraper (420) also has a built-in heating element. The negative pressure block (440) is also provided with a blower assembly (480), which is located in the negative pressure space (441). The blowing direction of the blower assembly (480) is at an angle to the movement direction of the scraper (420), and is located in front of the movement direction of the scraper (420). It also includes a fixing mechanism (500), which includes two adsorption blocks (510) located on both sides of the moving direction of the scraper (420). The adsorption blocks (510) are provided with adsorption holes (511), and the adsorption holes (511) are connected to the negative pressure component (460). The fixing mechanism (500) further includes a fixing seat (520) and a lifting frame (530). The fixing seat (520) is located below the aluminum plate, and the lifting frame (530) slides vertically on the fixing seat (520). The support seat (410) is disposed on the lifting frame (530), and the adsorption block (510) is disposed on the lifting frame (530). The fixing mechanism (500) further includes a base (540) and an adjusting component (550). The base (540) is disposed on the support mechanism (100), the fixing seat (520) slides on the base (540), and the adjusting component (550) is disposed on the base (540) and is used to drive the fixing seat (520) to slide.

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