Cushion selection method and device, vehicle rear axle and installation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission equipment, and discloses a cushion selecting method and device, a vehicle rear axle and an installation method. The gasket selecting method comprises the steps that outer rings of the inner bearing and the outer bearing are pressed to the half shaft shell, and then the corresponding inner rings of the bearings are put into the half shaft shell; pressure is applied to the inner bearing, so that the clearance of the inner bearing is 0, and the distance H2 between the inner end face of the inner bearing and the inner end face of the outer bearing is obtained; the distance H1 from the mounting end face of the outer bearing on the driving shaft to the top end of the driving shaft is obtained, the thickness S2 of a needed adjusting gasket is calculated through a formula, S2 = H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is a standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end face of the driving end of the speed change mechanism to the abutting face of the mounting pressing plate. The gasket selecting method disclosed by the invention is high in matching precision, and the service life of the bearing can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of transmission equipment, and specifically relates to a pad selection method, device, vehicle rear axle and installation method. Background Art

[0002] The drive rear axle is one of the important components in the vehicle transmission system. A bearing is provided between the drive shaft and the axle housing in the drive rear axle for rotation support. Especially in agricultural machinery, the drive rear axle is an important bearing and transmission part. This type of drive rear axle has both the functions of speed change (speed change mechanism) and transmission. However, in the drive rear axle, the installation quality of the bearing directly affects the transmission performance. If the bearing clearance is too large or too small, it will directly affect the service life of the bearing and easily cause quality problems such as bearing ablation and jamming.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate adjustment shims to adjust the bearing clearance so that the bearing meets the specified requirements. In the existing assembly process, the adjustment shims are first measured by measuring the assembled drive shaft, such as measuring the height difference H between the end face of the drive shaft and the end face of the bearing, and then measuring the distance L between the mounting plate in the speed change mechanism (the mounting plate abuts against the end face of the drive shaft during assembly) and the mounting end face of the speed change mechanism. The formula: HL-S1 (standard clearance value of the bearing) = S2 is directly used to select the adjustment shims of appropriate thickness according to the value of S2 to assemble the speed change mechanism and the drive shaft.

[0004] When the inner ring of the inner bearing is pressed, the inner ring and the drive shaft are over-fitted. When pressing downward, the friction resistance between the inner ring of the bearing and the drive shaft needs to be overcome. This friction resistance varies depending on the different parts. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately determine whether the inner ring of the bearing is pressed into a zero clearance state. Therefore, there is a large error in the measured height difference H, which causes the selected adjustment gasket thickness S2 to be unable to meet the installation requirements. There will still be quality problems such as affecting the service life of the bearing and easily causing bearing erosion and jamming. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a gasket selection method, device, vehicle rear axle and installation method, which are used to solve the problem that the adjustment gasket selected by the existing gasket selection method has large errors, thereby affecting the service life of the bearing and easily causing quality problems such as bearing burning and sticking.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for installing and selecting a tapered bearing of a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle, which is applied to a rear axle of a vehicle, wherein the rear axle of the vehicle comprises a half-axle housing, a drive shaft and a speed change mechanism, wherein the drive shaft is inserted into the half-axle housing, the top end of the drive shaft is inserted into the drive end of the speed change mechanism and the speed change mechanism and the drive shaft are connected by a mounting plate, and tapered bearings are provided at both ends of the half-axle housing along the length direction of the drive shaft, wherein the tapered bearing close to the speed change mechanism is defined as an inner bearing, and the tapered bearing far from the speed change mechanism is defined as an outer bearing;

[0007] The method for installing and selecting a pad for a tapered bearing of a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle comprises:

[0008] S10: Press-fit the inner bearing and the outer ring of the outer bearing onto the half-shaft housing, and then insert the corresponding bearing inner ring;

[0009] S20: applying pressure to the inner bearing so that the clearance of the inner bearing is 0, and obtaining a distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing and the outer bearing;

[0010] S30: Obtain the distance H1 from the mounting end face of the outer bearing on the drive shaft to the top end of the drive shaft, and calculate the required thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket through the formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end face of the drive end of the speed change mechanism to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure applied to the inner bearing in step S20 is equal to the pressure required for the clearance of the inner bearing to be zero.

[0013] The distances H1, H2 and L1 are measured by distance sensors and / or displacement sensors.

[0014] A second aspect of the present application provides a pad selection device, which is applied to the method for selecting pads for installing a tapered bearing of a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle according to the first aspect, and the pad selection device comprises:

[0015] A measuring module for measuring distances H1, H2 and L1; and

[0016] The controller is connected to the measuring module for communication, and the controller is configured to calculate the thickness S2 of the gasket required for adjustment according to the data H1, H2 and L1.

[0017] The third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle rear axle, comprising a half-axle housing, a drive shaft and a speed change mechanism, wherein the drive shaft is inserted into the half-axle housing, the top end of the drive shaft is inserted into the drive end of the speed change mechanism and the speed change mechanism and the drive shaft are connected by a mounting plate, and an inner bearing and an outer bearing are respectively provided at both ends of the half-axle housing along the length direction of the drive shaft;

[0018] Wherein, an adjustment gasket selected according to the vehicle rear axle drive shaft tapered bearing installation and gasket selection method provided in the first aspect is provided between the inner bearing and the driving end of the speed change mechanism.

[0019] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a vehicle rear axle installation method, which is applied to the vehicle rear axle provided according to the third aspect, and the vehicle rear axle installation method comprises:

[0020] S100: press-fitting the outer rings of the inner bearing and the outer bearing onto the half-shaft housing, and then inserting the corresponding bearing inner ring;

[0021] S200: applying pressure to the inner bearing so that the clearance of the inner bearing is 0, and obtaining a distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing and the outer bearing;

[0022] S300: Obtain the distance H1 from the mounting end surface of the outer bearing on the drive shaft to the top end of the drive shaft, and calculate the thickness S2 of the required adjustment gasket by the formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end surface of the drive end of the speed change mechanism to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate;

[0023] S400: Press-fitting the inner ring of the outer bearing onto the drive shaft, then installing the drive shaft into the half-shaft housing, and then press-fitting the inner ring of the inner bearing onto the drive shaft;

[0024] S500: Install the adjustment gasket with a thickness of S2 and the speed change mechanism.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0026] In some embodiments, in the step S400, when the inner ring of the inner bearing is press-fitted, the distance H3 between the inner ring of the bearing and the top surface of the drive shaft is controlled under a specified clearance;

[0027] Among them, H3=H1-H2-S1.

[0028] In some embodiments, when the inner ring of the inner bearing is press-fitted, the distance H3 is controlled by a displacement sensor or a distance sensor.

[0029] In some embodiments, installing the speed change mechanism in step S500 includes:

[0030] Inserting the top end of the drive shaft into the driving end of the speed change mechanism, and making the top end of the drive shaft abut against the mounting plate built into the speed change mechanism;

[0031] The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the drive shaft via fasteners.

[0032] In some embodiments, the vehicle rear axle installation method further includes:

[0033] S600: After the installation is completed, re-measure the rotational torque of the half-shaft housing;

[0034] S700: If the retest is qualified, the installation is terminated;

[0035] S800: If the retest fails, re-adjust.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a gasket selection method, device, vehicle rear axle and installation method. Among them, the gasket selection by the gasket selection method provided above is performed before the drive shaft and the half-axle housing are assembled, and the distance H2 between the inner bearing and the inner end surface of the outer bearing is measured by applying pressure to the inner bearing so that the clearance of the inner bearing is 0, so that the thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket calculated subsequently is more accurate, so that a more suitable adjustment gasket can be selected, and after assembly and use, the service life of the bearing can be effectively extended, and quality problems such as bearing ablation and jamming can be reduced.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an assembled vehicle rear axle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for installing and selecting a tapered bearing for a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1The schematic diagram of the mechanism of the driving shaft in the rear axle of the vehicle and the inner ring of the bearing of the outer bearing pressed;

[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-axle housing with an inner bearing and an outer bearing respectively installed at both ends provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a speed change mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 A flowchart of a vehicle rear axle installation method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of controlling the distance H3 between the inner ring of the bearing and the top surface of the drive shaft under a specified clearance when assembling the inner ring of the inner bearing after the drive shaft and the half-shaft housing are assembled according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Description of Reference Numerals

[0047] 100, half shaft housing;

[0048] 200, driving shaft; 210, top end; 220, mounting end surface;

[0049] 300, speed change mechanism; 310, drive end; 320, mounting plate; 330, fastener;

[0050] 400, inner bearing;

[0051] 500, external bearing;

[0052] 600. Adjust the gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0054] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for selecting a gasket for installing a tapered bearing of a rear axle drive shaft of a vehicle, hereinafter referred to as a gasket selection method. The gasket selection method can select an adaptive adjustment gasket 600 for installing a tapered bearing of a rear axle drive shaft of a vehicle, so as to extend the service life of the tapered bearing and ensure safe and stable operation of the rear axle of the vehicle.

[0057] The rear axle of the vehicle includes a half-axle housing 100, a drive shaft 200 and a speed change mechanism 300. The drive shaft 200 is disposed in the half-axle housing 100. The top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 is inserted into the driving end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 and the speed change mechanism 300 and the drive shaft 200 are connected by a mounting plate 320. The mounting plate 320 is built into the speed change mechanism 300.

[0058] Cone bearings are provided at both ends of the half-shaft housing 100 along the length direction of the drive shaft 200. In order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the present application, the cone bearing close to the speed change mechanism 300 is defined as the inner bearing 400, and the cone bearing away from the speed change mechanism 300 is defined as the outer bearing 500; the adjustment gasket 600 is installed between the inner bearing 400 and the drive end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300, and is used to axially limit the inner bearing 400.

[0059] In the existing gasket selection method, the thickness of the required gasket is directly measured and calculated for the components assembled by the half-axle housing and the drive shaft through the bearing. This gasket selection method does not take into account that when the inner ring of the inner bearing is pressed, the inner ring and the drive shaft are over-fitted. When pressing downward, it is necessary to overcome the friction resistance between the inner ring of the bearing and the drive shaft. This friction resistance varies depending on the different parts. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately determine whether the inner ring of the bearing is pressed into a zero clearance state. Therefore, the measured height difference H (the height difference from the end face of the drive shaft to the end face of the bearing) has a large error, which in turn causes the thickness S2 of the selected adjustment gasket to be in error. After the selected adjustment gasket is installed, there will still be quality problems such as affecting the service life of the bearing, easily causing bearing ablation, and jamming.

[0060] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 To solve the above problem, the pad selection method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0061] S10: Press the outer rings of the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 onto the half-shaft housing 100, and then put the corresponding inner rings of the bearings in. When the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 are assembled, the drive shaft 200 is not installed in the half-shaft housing 100, so this step only assembles the bearings.

[0062] S20 : ​​applying pressure to the inner bearing 400 so that the clearance of the inner bearing 400 is 0, and obtaining the distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 .

[0063] S30: Obtain the distance H1 from the mounting end face 220 of the outer bearing 500 on the drive shaft 200 to the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200, and calculate the required thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket 600 by the formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end face of the drive end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate 320.

[0064] The pressure applied to the inner bearing 400 in step S20 is equal to the pressure required for the clearance of the inner bearing 400 to be zero, so as to avoid damaging the bearing.

[0065] The distances H1, H2 and L1 are measured by distance sensors and / or displacement sensors.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the present embodiment uses the gasket selection method provided above to select the gasket, which is performed before the drive shaft 200 and the half-shaft housing 100 are assembled, and the distance H2 between the inner end surface of the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 is measured by applying pressure to the inner bearing 400 so that the clearance of the inner bearing 400 is 0, so that the thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket 600 calculated subsequently is more accurate, so that a more suitable adjustment gasket 600 can be selected. After assembly and use, the service life of the bearing can be effectively extended, and quality problems such as bearing burning and sticking can be reduced.

[0067] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a pad selection device, which is applied to the pad selection method provided in the above embodiment.

[0068] The pad selection device includes a measuring module and a controller. The measuring module is used to measure the distances H1, H2 and L1. The controller is connected to the measuring module for communication, and is configured to calculate the thickness S2 of the required adjustment pad 600 according to the data H1, H2 and L1.

[0069] Optionally, the measuring module may be a distance sensor or a displacement sensor. It should be understood that the above is only an example and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] The gasket selection device provided in this embodiment realizes automatic uploading of measurement data and calculates the thickness S2 of the required adjustment gasket 600, so as to facilitate the subsequent automated production of the vehicle rear axle.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a vehicle rear axle, and in particular, provides a rear axle for a tractor. Of course, it can also be a rear axle structure of other vehicles.

[0073] The rear axle of the vehicle includes a half-axle housing 100, a drive shaft 200 and a speed change mechanism 300. The drive shaft 200 is inserted into the half-axle housing 100. The top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 is inserted into the drive end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 and the speed change mechanism 300 and the drive shaft 200 are connected by a mounting pressure plate 320. Along the length direction of the drive shaft 200, the two ends of the half-axle housing 100 are respectively provided with an inner bearing 400 and an outer bearing 500.

[0074] Among them, an adjustment gasket 600 selected according to the gasket selection method provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is provided between the inner bearing 400 and the driving end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 .

[0075] Optionally, the speed change mechanism 300 can be a planetary speed change mechanism 300 or a parallel axis speed change mechanism 300. The speed change mechanism 300 shown in this embodiment is a planetary speed change mechanism 300, and the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 is inserted into the planet carrier of the planetary speed change mechanism 300. The planet carrier is built with a mounting plate 320, and during assembly, the mounting plate 320 abuts against the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 and is connected and fixed by fastening screws.

[0076] Please also read Figure 6 and Figure 7 Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a vehicle rear axle installation method, which is applied to the assembly of the vehicle rear axle provided in the above-mentioned embodiment 2.

[0077] In this embodiment, the vehicle rear axle installation method is performed based on the pad selection method. In order to save steps, the pad selection method is directly integrated into the installation method, that is, the pad selection operation is implemented during the assembly process.

[0078] Specifically, the vehicle rear axle installation method includes the following steps:

[0079] S100: Press-fit the outer rings of the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 onto the half-shaft housing 100, and then insert the corresponding bearing inner rings.

[0080] S200 : applying pressure to the inner bearing 400 so that the clearance of the inner bearing 400 is 0, and obtaining the distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing 400 and the outer bearing 500 .

[0081] S300: Obtain the distance H1 from the mounting end face 220 of the outer bearing 500 on the drive shaft 200 to the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200, and calculate the required thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket 600 through the formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end face of the drive end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate 320.

[0082] S400: Press-fit the inner ring of the outer bearing 500 onto the drive shaft 200, then install the drive shaft 200 into the half-shaft housing 100, and then press-fit the inner ring of the inner bearing 400 onto the drive shaft 200.

[0083] S500: Install the adjustment gasket 600 with a thickness of S2 and the speed change mechanism 300.

[0084] In the above step S400, when the inner ring of the inner bearing 400 is press-fitted, the distance H3 between the inner ring of the bearing and the top surface of the drive shaft 200 is controlled under a specified clearance; wherein H3 = H1 - H2 - S1.

[0085] When the inner ring of the inner bearing 400 is press-fitted, the distance H3 is controlled by a displacement sensor or a distance sensor.

[0086] The installation of the speed change mechanism 300 in the above step S500 includes the following steps:

[0087] S510 : inserting the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 into the driving end 310 of the speed change mechanism 300 , and making the top end 210 of the drive shaft 200 abut against the mounting plate 320 built into the speed change mechanism 300 .

[0088] S520: The mounting plate 320 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 200 by means of the fastener 330. The fastener 330 is selected as a fastening screw.

[0089] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the vehicle rear axle installation method further includes:

[0090] S600: After the installation is completed, the rotational torque of the half-shaft housing 100 is re-measured;

[0091] S700: If the retest is qualified, the installation is terminated;

[0092] S800: If the retest fails, re-adjust.

[0093] The vehicle rear axle and installation method provided in this embodiment have the following advantages:

[0094] The bearing end face height measurement is the height value measured without interference, and the data is more accurate; the accurate installation position is controlled during the installation and adjustment process without damaging the bearing.

[0095] It should be noted that in the present application, unless otherwise specified, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like used to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0096] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0097] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0098] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0099] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing and selecting a tapered bearing for a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle, characterized in that: The invention is applied to a rear axle of a vehicle, the rear axle comprising a half-axle housing (100), a drive shaft (200) and a speed change mechanism (300); the drive shaft (200) is inserted into the half-axle housing (100); the top end (210) of the drive shaft (200) is inserted into the drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300); and the speed change mechanism (300) and the drive shaft (200) are connected by transmission through a mounting plate (320); along the length direction of the drive shaft (200), both ends of the half-axle housing (100) are provided with tapered bearings; the tapered bearing close to the speed change mechanism (300) is defined as an inner bearing (400), and the tapered bearing far from the speed change mechanism (300) is defined as an outer bearing (500); The method for installing and selecting a pad for a tapered bearing of a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle comprises: S10: press-fitting the outer rings of the inner bearing (400) and the outer bearing (500) onto the half-shaft housing (100), and then inserting the corresponding bearing inner ring; S20: applying pressure to the inner bearing (400) so that the clearance of the inner bearing (400) is 0, and obtaining a distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing (400) and the outer bearing (500); S30: Obtain the distance H1 from the mounting end face (220) of the outer bearing (500) on the drive shaft (200) to the top end (210) of the drive shaft (200), and calculate the required thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket (600) by a formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end face of the drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300) to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate (320).

2. The method for installing and selecting a tapered bearing for a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure applied to the inner bearing (400) in step S20 is equal to the pressure required for the clearance of the inner bearing (400) to be zero.

3. The method for installing and selecting a tapered bearing for a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distances H1, H2 and L1 are measured by distance sensors and / or displacement sensors.

4. A pad selection device, characterized in that: Applicable to the method for selecting a pad for installing a tapered bearing of a rear axle transmission shaft of a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the pad selection device comprising: A measuring module for measuring distances H1, H2 and L1; and A controller is connected to the measuring module for communication, and the controller is configured to calculate the thickness S2 of the required adjustment gasket (600) according to the data H1, H2 and L1.

5. A vehicle rear axle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a half-shaft housing (100), a drive shaft (200) and a speed change mechanism (300), wherein the drive shaft (200) is inserted into the half-shaft housing (100), a top end (210) of the drive shaft (200) is inserted into a drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300), and the speed change mechanism (300) and the drive shaft (200) are connected by transmission via a mounting pressure plate (320), and an inner bearing (400) and an outer bearing (500) are respectively provided at two ends of the half-shaft housing (100) along the length direction of the drive shaft (200); Wherein, an adjustment gasket (600) selected according to the vehicle rear axle drive shaft tapered bearing installation and gasket selection method described in any one of 1 to 3 is provided between the inner bearing (400) and the drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300).

6. A method for installing a vehicle rear axle, characterized in that: Applied to the vehicle rear axle according to claim 5, the vehicle rear axle installation method comprises: S100: press-fitting the outer rings of the inner bearing (400) and the outer bearing (500) onto the half-shaft housing (100), and then inserting the corresponding bearing inner ring; S200: applying pressure to the inner bearing (400) so that the clearance of the inner bearing (400) is 0, and obtaining a distance H2 between the inner end surfaces of the inner bearing (400) and the outer bearing (500); S300: Obtaining the distance H1 from the mounting end surface (220) of the outer bearing (500) on the drive shaft (200) to the top end (210) of the drive shaft (200), and calculating the required thickness S2 of the adjustment gasket (600) by a formula, wherein S2=H1-H2-S1-L1, S1 is the standard clearance value, and L1 is the distance from the end surface of the drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300) to the abutment surface of the mounting pressure plate (320); S400: Press-fitting the inner ring of the outer bearing (500) onto the drive shaft (200), then installing the drive shaft (200) into the half-shaft housing (100), and then press-fitting the inner ring of the inner bearing (400) onto the drive shaft (200); S500: Install the adjustment gasket (600) having a thickness of S2 and the speed change mechanism (300).

7. The vehicle rear axle installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step S400, when the inner ring of the inner bearing (400) is press-fitted, the distance H3 between the inner ring of the bearing and the top surface of the drive shaft (200) is controlled at a specified clearance; Among them, H3=H1-H2-S1.

8. The vehicle rear axle installation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the inner ring of the inner bearing (400) is press-fitted, the distance H3 is controlled by a displacement sensor or a distance sensor.

9. The vehicle rear axle installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S500 of installing the speed change mechanism (300) includes: Inserting the top end (210) of the drive shaft (200) into the drive end (310) of the speed change mechanism (300), and making the top end (210) of the drive shaft (200) abut against a mounting pressure plate (320) built into the speed change mechanism (300); The mounting plate (320) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (200) via a fastener (330).

10. The vehicle rear axle installation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The vehicle rear axle installation method further comprises: S600: After the installation is completed, re-measure the rotational torque of the half-shaft housing (100); S700: If the retest is qualified, the installation is terminated; S800: If the retest fails, re-adjust.

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