A solar evaporator with an organic dye degradation function and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a solar evaporator with an organic dye degradation function and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. The solar evaporator comprises a stand, the top end of the stand is provided with a groove, the groove is provided with an annular baffle, the annular baffle divides the groove into a fresh water tank and a sewage tank, and the fresh water tank is located at the outer side of the annular baffle. The top end of the stand is provided with a transparent cover body, the bottom end of the transparent cover body is arranged at the outer edge of the fresh water tank, and the sewage tank is provided with a 3D porous evaporator with a photocatalysis and photo-thermal conversion function. The application can efficiently evaporate water under the condition of light, and has a remarkable photocatalytic degradation effect on organic dyes such as methylene blue and rhodamine B. The application realizes water purification while efficiently evaporating water, is particularly suitable for the treatment of organic contaminated water, and provides an efficient application technology for the technical field of environmental protection, low cost and multi-functional water treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Organic dyes are widely used in industries such as textiles, printing and dyeing, and papermaking. However, the production and use of these dyes often generate large amounts of wastewater containing organic dyes, polluting aquatic environments. Organic dyes have complex structures, are difficult to degrade naturally, and typically exhibit high stability and toxicity. Traditional wastewater treatment methods, such as chemical oxidation, biodegradation, and physical adsorption, suffer from low efficiency and high costs in removing these pollutants. The treatment of high-concentration organic dye wastewater is particularly challenging, often accompanied by high energy consumption and secondary pollution.

[0003] Existing photocatalytic degradation technology is considered an effective method for removing organic dyes. However, most photocatalysts require ultraviolet light irradiation to function, and difficulties exist in the dispersion and reuse of photocatalysts, limiting their widespread application in practical water treatment. Furthermore, traditional water treatment evaporators cannot simultaneously perform photothermal evaporation and wastewater concentration while also incorporating photocatalytic degradation, resulting in low treatment efficiency for dye-contaminated wastewater.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to provide an evaporator that can simultaneously achieve efficient water evaporation and concentration of wastewater and degradation of organic dyes under sunlight. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions, comprising the following raw material components:

[0007] Acrylamide, sodium alginate, carbon black, titanium trioxide, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, tetramethylethylenediamine, ammonium persulfate, and water;

[0008] The mass ratio of acrylamide: sodium alginate: water: N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide: tetramethylethylenediamine: ammonium persulfate: carbon black: titanium trioxide: sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 4-8: 0.60-0.75: 23-25: 0.0015-0.0025: 0.01-0.06: 0.01-0.06: 0.1-0.14: 0.12-0.18: 0.01-0.05.

[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the carbon black is 10 μm to 500 μm.

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the titanium trioxide is 10 nm to 500 nm.

[0011] This invention provides a solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function, including a frame, a groove at the top of the frame, an annular baffle in the groove, the annular baffle dividing the groove into a fresh water tank and a wastewater tank, the fresh water tank being located outside the annular baffle; a transparent cover is provided at the top of the frame, the bottom of the transparent cover being located at the outer edge of the fresh water tank;

[0012] The wastewater tank is equipped with the aforementioned 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions.

[0013] Preferably, the transparent cover is a transparent glass cover, and the transparent glass cover has a conical structure.

[0014] Preferably, the 3D porous evaporator has a porous gel structure, and the pore size of the 3D porous evaporator is 1μm-1000μm.

[0015] This invention provides a method for preparing a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Dissolve acrylamide and sodium alginate in water, and heat and stir in a water bath until both are completely dissolved;

[0017] N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and tetramethylethylenediamine were added to the above-dissolved mixed solution and dissolved in an ice-water bath;

[0018] Add carbon black, titanium trioxide, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and stir again until the mixed solution is evenly dispersed;

[0019] Add ammonium persulfate and evacuate the mixed solution to carry out the polymerization reaction;

[0020] After the polymerization reaction is completed, a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions is obtained.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature during the polymerization reaction is 25℃~85℃, and the vacuuming time is 25min~80min.

[0022] Preferably, during the polymerization reaction, vacuuming is stopped when the foaming ratio of the mixed solution reaches 1.4 to 1.6.

[0023] Preferably, the stirring speed during the preparation process is controlled at 200–1000 rpm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0025] 1. The 3D porous evaporator of this invention combines the photothermal conversion function of carbon black and the photocatalytic degradation function of titanium trioxide. Under sunlight irradiation, it can not only efficiently evaporate water and concentrate wastewater, but also effectively degrade organic dyes in the water, such as methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange. Compared with traditional single-function evaporators, this invention achieves multiple water treatment effects, significantly improving water concentration and purification efficiency.

[0026] 2. This invention uses common polymer monomers (acrylamide, sodium alginate, etc.) and relatively inexpensive materials such as carbon black and titanium trioxide, and is prepared by solution polymerization, which is simple and inexpensive. In addition, the hydrogel structure in this invention forms a porous 3D structure with good mechanical strength and elasticity through the rational use of crosslinking agents, which not only improves the water evaporation rate, but also enhances the durability and reusability of the material, making it suitable for large-scale applications.

[0027] 3. This invention optimizes the foaming ratio and pore size of the 3D porous hydrogel, regulates the pore structure, and ensures the uniform distribution of photothermal materials and photocatalysts in the hydrogel. The porous structure design can increase the specific surface area of ​​the hydrogel while providing sufficient light absorption paths and reaction sites, which greatly improves the water evaporation rate and the degradation efficiency of organic dyes, overcomes the limitations of traditional materials in terms of light absorption and reaction area, and exhibits excellent performance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D porous evaporator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function of the present invention;

[0031] In the diagram: 1. 3D porous evaporator; 2. Stand; 3. Freshwater tank; 4. Wastewater tank; 5. Transparent glass cover. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] This invention provides a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions, comprising the following raw material components:

[0034] Acrylamide, sodium alginate, carbon black, titanium trioxide, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, tetramethylethylenediamine, ammonium persulfate, and water;

[0035] The mass ratio of acrylamide: sodium alginate: water: N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide: tetramethylethylenediamine: ammonium persulfate: carbon black: titanium trioxide: sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 4-8: 0.60-0.75: 23-25: 0.0015-0.0025: 0.01-0.06: 0.01-0.06: 0.1-0.14: 0.12-0.18: 0.01-0.05.

[0036] Carbon black, as a photothermal material, and titanium trioxide, as a photocatalytic degradation material, exhibit highly efficient photocatalytic degradation effects on organic dyes such as methylene blue. The types of organic dyes include, but are not limited to, methylene blue, rhodamine B, methyl orange, methylene blue, and xanthate. The photocatalytic degradation performance achieved by this invention has a degradation efficiency of over 98% for organic dyes.

[0037] The scheme was further optimized so that the particle size of the carbon black was 10μm to 500μm.

[0038] Further optimization of the scheme resulted in titanium trioxide particles with a particle size of 10nm to 500nm.

[0039] The present invention provides a solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function, including a platform 2, a groove is provided at the top of the platform 2, an annular baffle is provided in the groove, the annular baffle divides the groove into a fresh water tank 3 and a wastewater tank 4, the fresh water tank 3 is located outside the annular baffle; a transparent cover is provided at the top of the platform 2, and the bottom end of the transparent cover is located at the outer edge of the fresh water tank 3.

[0040] The wastewater tank 4 is equipped with the aforementioned 3D porous evaporator 1, which has photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions.

[0041] In this invention, sunlight shines through a transparent cover onto a 3D porous evaporator 1. The 3D porous evaporator 1 evaporates the water in the wastewater tank 4 containing organic dye pollutants into water vapor, which condenses on the transparent cover to become fresh water. The fresh water then flows into the fresh water tank 3 along the inner wall of the transparent cover. At the same time, the 3D porous evaporator 1 degrades organic dyes such as methylene blue and rhodamine B in the water.

[0042] The design was further optimized so that the transparent cover is a transparent glass cover 5, which has a conical structure.

[0043] Further optimization of the design resulted in a 3D porous evaporator 1 with a porous gel structure and a pore size of 1μm-1000μm.

[0044] This invention provides a method for preparing a 3D porous evaporator 1 with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions. The preparation method is a vacuum foaming-assisted free radical in-situ polymerization method, specifically including the following steps:

[0045] Dissolve acrylamide and sodium alginate in water, and heat and stir in a water bath until both are completely dissolved;

[0046] N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and tetramethylethylenediamine were added to the above-dissolved mixed solution and dissolved in an ice-water bath;

[0047] Add carbon black, titanium trioxide, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and stir again until the mixed solution is evenly dispersed;

[0048] Add ammonium persulfate and evacuate the mixed solution to carry out the polymerization reaction;

[0049] After the polymerization reaction is completed, a 3D porous evaporator 1 with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions is obtained.

[0050] The scheme was further optimized so that the temperature in the polymerization reaction was 25℃~85℃ and the vacuuming time was 25min~80min.

[0051] To further optimize the process, during the polymerization reaction, when the foaming ratio of the mixed solution reaches 1.4 to 1.6, vacuuming is stopped.

[0052] The scheme was further optimized, and the stirring speed during the preparation process was controlled at 200-1000 rpm.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Preparation of S1, 3D porous evaporator 1: Dissolve 6g acrylamide and 0.6g sodium alginate in 24g water, heat in a 60℃ water bath, and stir at 200rpm until both are completely dissolved and uniformly mixed. Add 0.0015g N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.01g tetramethylethylenediamine, and stir to dissolve in an ice-water bath at 10℃. Then add 0.10g carbon black, 0.12g titanium trioxide, and 0.01g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and stir again until the mixture is uniformly dispersed. Finally, add 0.03g ammonium persulfate, pour the mixture into a beaker, and vacuum in a 30℃ vacuum oven for about 30min to polymerize and foam. Once a foaming ratio of 1.5 is reached (at which point the height of the mixture in the beaker increases by 50%), immediately stop vacuuming. After demolding, cut into 2cm x 2cm x 2cm cubes to obtain the first 3D porous evaporator 1.

[0055] S2, Water Evaporation Rate Test: Using... Figure 2 The device measures the water evaporation rate of an evaporator under simulated sunlight conditions and records the amount of evaporation per unit area.

[0056] S3. Photocatalytic degradation experiment: The prepared evaporator was placed in a water body containing 30 mg / L methylene blue dye and a light irradiation experiment was conducted to determine the degradation efficiency of the dye.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Preparation of S1, 3D porous evaporator 1: Dissolve 6g acrylamide and 0.6g sodium alginate in 24g water, heat in a 60℃ water bath, and stir at 200rpm until both are completely dissolved and uniformly mixed. Add 0.0015g N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.01g tetramethylethylenediamine, and stir to dissolve in an ice-water bath at 10℃. Then add 0.11g carbon black, 0.13g titanium trioxide, and 0.01g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and stir again until the mixture is uniformly dispersed. Finally, add 0.03g ammonium persulfate, pour the mixture into a beaker, and vacuum in a 30℃ vacuum oven for about 30 minutes to polymerize and foam. Once a foaming ratio of 1.5 is reached (at which point the height of the mixture in the beaker increases by 50%), immediately stop vacuuming. After demolding, cut into 2cm x 2cm x 2cm cubes to obtain the second 3D porous evaporator 1.

[0059] S2, Water Evaporation Rate Test: Using... Figure 2 The device measures the water evaporation rate of an evaporator under simulated sunlight conditions and records the amount of evaporation per unit area.

[0060] S3. Photocatalytic degradation experiment: The prepared evaporator was placed in a water body containing 30 mg / L methylene blue dye and a light irradiation experiment was conducted to determine the degradation efficiency of the dye.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Preparation of S1, 3D porous evaporator 1: Dissolve 6g acrylamide and 0.6g sodium alginate in 24g water, heat in a 60℃ water bath, and stir at 200rpm until both are completely dissolved and uniformly mixed. Add 0.0015g N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.01g tetramethylethylenediamine, and stir to dissolve in an ice-water bath at 10℃. Then add 0.12g carbon black, 0.14g titanium trioxide, and 0.01g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and stir again until the mixture is uniformly dispersed. Finally, add 0.03g ammonium persulfate, pour the mixture into a beaker, and vacuum in a 30℃ vacuum oven for about 30min to polymerize and foam. Once a foaming ratio of 1.5 is reached (at which point the height of the mixture in the beaker increases by 50%), immediately stop vacuuming. After demolding, cut into 2cm x 2cm x 2cm cubes to obtain the third 3D porous evaporator 1.

[0063] S2, Water Evaporation Rate Test: Using... Figure 2 The device measures the water evaporation rate of an evaporator under simulated sunlight conditions and records the amount of evaporation per unit area.

[0064] S3. Photocatalytic degradation experiment: The prepared evaporator was placed in a water body containing 30 mg / L methylene blue dye and a light irradiation experiment was conducted to determine the degradation efficiency of the dye.

[0065] Effect verification

[0066] Following the methods described in Examples 1-3 above, a corresponding 3D porous evaporator 1 was prepared, and the evaporator was used... Figure 2 The device was used in a solar-powered wastewater purification experiment to measure the evaporation rate and photocatalytic efficiency. The results are as follows:

[0067] Table 1. Evaporation rates of the 3D porous evaporator

[0068] Evaporator The first 3D porous evaporator Second 3D porous evaporator The third 3D porous evaporator average <![CDATA[Evaporation rate (kg⋅m -2 ⋅h -1 )]]> 3.153 3.236 3.328 3.239

[0069] As shown in Table 1, Examples 1-3 all exhibited good evaporation rates, averaging 3.239 kg⋅m³. -2 ⋅h -1 .

[0070] The concentrations of sodium, magnesium, potassium, and calcium ions before and after wastewater treatment were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0071] Table 2. Concentration of metal ions (ppm) before and after wastewater treatment

[0072] Example Sodium ions magnesium ions potassium ions calcium ions Untreated seawater 11847 7840 596 512 The first 3D porous evaporator 8.24 5.32 1.54 1.56 Second 3D porous evaporator 8.21 5.29 1.59 1.64 The third 3D porous evaporator 8.37 5.35 1.68 1.59

[0073] As shown in Table 2, the salt removal rate of water after treatment by the three 3D porous evaporators 1 provided by the present invention reaches 99.9%.

[0074] Table 3 Degradation efficiency of methylene blue by 3D porous evaporator (I)

[0075] Evaporator The first 3D porous evaporator Second 3D porous evaporator The third 3D porous evaporator average Catalytic degradation efficiency (%) 98.2 99.1 99.4 98.9

[0076] As shown in Table 3, the removal rate of methylene blue by the three 3D porous evaporators 1 provided by the present invention all reached over 98%.

[0077] Comparison Example

[0078] Following the methods of Examples 1-3 above, but without adding the photocatalytic degradation agent titanium trioxide, the corresponding fourth, fifth, and sixth 3D porous evaporators 1 were prepared. Figure 2 The device was used in a solar-powered wastewater purification experiment to measure the photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The results are as follows:

[0079] Table 4 Degradation efficiency of methylene blue by 3D porous evaporator (II)

[0080] Evaporator The fourth 3D porous evaporator The fifth 3D porous evaporator The sixth 3D porous evaporator average Catalytic degradation efficiency (%) 0 0.01 0 0.003

[0081] As shown in Table 4, the 3D porous evaporator 4-6 without photocatalytic degradation agent has a very low removal rate of methylene blue, almost zero.

[0082] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions, characterized in that, It was prepared by vacuum foaming-assisted free radical in-situ polymerization and includes the following raw material components: Acrylamide, sodium alginate, carbon black, titanium trioxide, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, tetramethylethylenediamine, ammonium persulfate, and water; The mass ratio of acrylamide: sodium alginate: water: N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide: tetramethylethylenediamine: ammonium persulfate: carbon black: titanium trioxide: sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 4-8: 0.60-0.75: 23-25: 0.0015-0.0025: 0.01-0.06: 0.01-0.06: 0.1-0.14: 0.12-0.18: 0.01-0.

05. Furthermore, during the preparation process of the 3D porous evaporator, the foaming ratio of the polymerization reaction is controlled by vacuuming to reach 1.4 to 1.6, forming a porous gel structure with a pore size of 1 μm to 1000 μm.

2. The 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon black has a particle size of 10 μm to 500 μm.

3. The 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the titanium trioxide is 10 nm to 500 nm.

4. A solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function, characterized in that, The device includes a platform with a groove at its top. An annular baffle is installed inside the groove, dividing the groove into a freshwater tank and a wastewater tank. The freshwater tank is located outside the annular baffle. A transparent cover is installed at the top of the platform, with the bottom of the transparent cover located at the outer edge of the freshwater tank. The wastewater tank is equipped with a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions as described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. The solar evaporator with organic dye degradation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transparent cover is a transparent glass cover, and the transparent glass cover has a conical structure.

6. A method for preparing a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Dissolve acrylamide and sodium alginate in water, and heat and stir in a water bath until both are completely dissolved; N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and tetramethylethylenediamine were added to the above-dissolved mixed solution and dissolved in an ice-water bath; Add carbon black, titanium trioxide, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and stir again until the mixed solution is evenly dispersed; Add ammonium persulfate and evacuate the mixed solution to carry out the polymerization reaction; After the polymerization reaction is completed, a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions is obtained; During the polymerization reaction, vacuuming is stopped when the foaming ratio of the mixed solution reaches 1.4 to 1.

6.

7. The method for preparing a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature during the polymerization reaction is 25℃~85℃, and the vacuuming time is 25min~80min.

8. The method for preparing a 3D porous evaporator with photocatalytic and photothermal conversion functions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stirring speed during the preparation process is controlled at 200-1000 rpm.

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