Highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end

Abstract

The invention relates to a highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end, and belongs to the field of road safety facilities, the highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end comprises a foundation guardrail frame and a collision bearing end post, the foundation guardrail frame is fixedly connected with the ground, the collision bearing end post is located at one end of the foundation guardrail frame, the collision bearing end post is slidably connected with the foundation guardrail frame, and the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of a road; a damping sliding rod is fixedly connected to the collision bearing end column and slides relative to the foundation guardrail frame, a stress piece is connected to the foundation guardrail frame, a plurality of consumption structures are arranged on the damping sliding rod in the length direction of the damping sliding rod, and the stress piece is used for colliding with the consumption structures. The energy absorption device is provided with a plurality of energy absorption structures, impact energy generated by vehicle collision is absorbed in multiple forms, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of road safety facilities, and in particular to an energy dissipation protection end of a highway guardrail. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's highway transportation, the importance of road safety facilities has become increasingly prominent. Among them, guardrails, as important equipment to prevent vehicles from running off the curb, play an irreplaceable role in ensuring driving safety. However, if the impact energy generated when a vehicle collides with a guardrail cannot be effectively absorbed and dispersed, it will not only cause serious injuries to the driver, but also cause damage to the guardrail itself or even failure, which will bring great difficulties to subsequent maintenance.

[0003] At present, common guardrail energy dissipation devices mainly include elastic deformation type or buffer pad, etc. Among them, the elastic deformation type consumes collision energy through the deformation of the material itself; the buffer pad is mostly used in smaller-scale impact events.

[0004] The above-mentioned types of guardrails generally have the problems of complex structure, high production cost and difficulty in maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above-mentioned problems, the present application provides an energy dissipation protection end of a highway guardrail.

[0006] The energy dissipation protection end of a highway guardrail provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end, comprising a basic guardrail frame and a collision-bearing end column, wherein the basic guardrail frame is fixedly connected to the ground, the collision-bearing end column is located at one end of the basic guardrail frame, the collision-bearing end column is slidably connected to the basic guardrail frame, and the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the road; a damping slide bar is fixedly connected to the collision-bearing end column, and the damping slide bar slides relatively with the basic guardrail frame; a force-bearing member is connected to the basic guardrail frame, and a plurality of consumption structures are arranged on the damping slide bar along its length direction, and the force-bearing member is used to collide with the consumption structure.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when the impact end column moves due to impact, the damping slide bar moves along with it, and the various consumable structures thereon impact with the force-bearing parts in turn, and the consumable structures that collide suffer physical damage. During this process, a large amount of impact force of the vehicle is absorbed while the damping slide bar, as a consumable part, has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and is easy to maintain.

[0008] Preferably, the damping slide rod is a steel pipe, the consumption structure is a consumption hole, the hole axis of the consumption hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod, the force-bearing member is a damping pin rod, the basic guardrail frame includes a damping column, the damping pin rod is connected to the damping column, and the damping pin rod coaxially passes through the consumption hole.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the damping slide rod moves due to the thrust, a large abutting force is generated between the hole wall of the consumption hole and the side wall of the damping pin rod, which eventually causes structural damage to the damping slide rod. The hole walls of the consumption hole passing through the damping pin rod are broken, and the damping slide rod is also broken into two halves here; the energy consumption generated in this process comes from the impact force exerted on the impact end column.

[0010] Preferably, the basic guardrail frame includes a positioning column, which is located between the force-bearing member and the collision end column. A matching space is opened on the positioning column, and a guide rocker is hinged on the positioning column. The hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod. A matching waist-shaped hole is opened on the guide rocker along its length direction. A matching pin is fixedly connected to the damping slide rod, and the matching pin passes through the matching waist-shaped hole. The matching space is for the guide rocker and the damping slide rod to pass through. In a natural state, the guide rocker is located on the side of the positioning column facing the collision end column.

[0011] Preferably, a buffer spring is coaxially sleeved on the damping slide rod, and one end of the buffer spring is connected to the impact end column.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the impact-bearing end column is hit by a vehicle and moves close to the positioning column, the buffer spring moves together, and then the other end of the buffer spring abuts against the side wall of the positioning column. The compression process of the buffer spring is the energy absorption process.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a side guardrail, one end of which is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end column, and the side guardrail is provided with mounting bolts, which pass through the side guardrail and are threadedly connected to the basic guardrail frame.

[0014] Preferably, the length direction of the side rail is parallel to the length direction of the damping slide rod, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the side rail, the plurality of mounting holes are arranged in an array along the length direction of the side rail, and the mounting bolts pass through the mounting holes.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the side guardrail with the mounting hole and the damping slide rod with the consumption hole are similar in structure. After the impact-bearing end column is hit, the hole wall of the mounting hole and the mounting bolt collide and break, thereby absorbing energy.

[0016] Preferably, the damping column is provided with an adjusting waist-shaped hole for the damping pin rod to pass through, the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole is parallel to the moving direction of the damping slide rod, the damping column is fixedly connected with an adjusting spring, the end of the adjusting spring and the damping pin rod are relatively fixed, the extension and contraction direction of the adjusting spring is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole, and in a natural state, the damping pin rod is located in the adjusting waist-shaped hole at one end close to the collision end column.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the damping slide rod moves due to the thrust of the consumption hole wall, a thrust is generated on the damping pin rod, and the adjusting spring is also compressed under the force. The damping pin rod moves a certain distance along the adjusting waist hole, and the sliding amount of the adjusting spring and the damping pin rod has a certain buffering effect on the damping pin rod, thereby ultimately reducing the structural damage of the damping column.

[0018] Preferably, a guide roller is rotatably provided on the damping column, and the guide roller is located on the side of the force-bearing pin rod away from the collision end column. There are two guide rollers and they are respectively located on the opposite sides of the damping slide rod, and the axis of the guide roller is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin rod; two movable blocks are movably provided on the damping column, and a single guide roller is rotatably connected to one movable block, and the movable form of the movable block is to make the guide roller approach or move away from the damping slide rod.

[0019] Preferably, the movable block is hinged to the damping column, the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller, the damping pin is fixedly connected with a thrust wedge, a force-bearing wedge surface is provided on the movable block, the wedge surface of the thrust wedge is in contact with the force-bearing wedge surface, and when the thrust wedge is against the force-bearing wedge surface, the movable block rotates in the direction of making the guide roller approach the damping slide rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable block rotates in the direction of making the guide roller approach the damping slide bar, so that the roller surface of the guide roller abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the damping slide bar, forming vertical extrusion on the broken damping slide bar, so that the two halves formed by the tearing of the damping slide bar are close to each other, reducing the harm caused by the outward expansion of the rod-shaped waste.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Through the arrangement of the damping slide bar and the consumption structure, when the impact end column is impacted and moves, the damping slide bar moves along with it, and the consumption structures on it impact with the force-bearing parts in turn, and the consumption structures that are impacted are physically damaged. During this process, a large amount of impact force of the vehicle is absorbed. In addition, as a consumption part, the damping slide bar itself has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost; 2. Through the setting of the guide rocker arm and the buffer spring, the impact energy generated by the vehicle collision is absorbed and released in different response forms, thereby improving the overall buffering efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram used to reflect the energy dissipation protection end of the highway guardrail in Example 1 of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the side railing in Example 1 of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism used to reflect the movement of the impact end column to the positioning column in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram used to reflect the damping column in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Basic guardrail frame; 11. Fixed slide rail; 12. Positioning column; 121. Matching space; 13. Damping column; 131. Adjusting waist-shaped hole; 132. Adjusting spring; 2. Impact end column; 21. Side railing; 211. Mounting hole; 22. Mounting bolt; 3. Multi-stage energy absorption mechanism; 31. Damping slide rod; 311. Consumption hole; 312. Matching pin shaft; 32. Guide rocker rod; 321. Matching waist-shaped hole; 33. Damping pin rod; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Movable block; 351. Force-bearing wedge surface; 352. Guide roller; 36. Pushing wedge block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0028] Embodiment 1: The present application embodiment discloses a highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, it includes a basic guardrail frame 1, a collision end column 2, a side fence 21 and a multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3. The basic guardrail frame 1 is located at one side edge of the road and fixed to the ground. The collision end column 2 is located at the vehicle end of the basic guardrail frame 1 and is slidably connected to the basic guardrail frame 1. The sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the road. That is, if an accident occurs in which a vehicle hits the collision end column 2, the collision end column 2 will be thrust and move together with the vehicle. The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 is used to buffer and absorb the impact force generated by the vehicle.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the basic guardrail frame 1 includes a fixed rail 11, a positioning column 12 and a damping column 13 in sequence along the driving direction. All three are fixedly connected to the ground through anchor bolts. The length direction of the fixed rail 11 is parallel to the road direction. The lower end of the collision end column 2 slides along the fixed rail 11. The length directions of the positioning column 12 and the damping column 13 are both vertical. The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 includes a damping slide bar 31 and a buffer spring 34. The length direction of the damping slide bar 31 is parallel to the length direction of the fixed rail 11. One end of the damping slide bar 31 is fixedly connected to the collision end column 2, and the other end passes through the damping column 13. The damping slide bar 31 is a square tube steel, that is, a square through hole is provided on the damping house for the damping slide bar 31 to pass through, and a matching space 121 is provided on the positioning column 12 for the damping slide bar 31 to pass through. The buffer spring 34 is sleeved on the damping slide rod 31, and one end of the buffer spring 34 is fixedly connected to the impact end column 2. When the impact end column 2 is hit by the vehicle and moves close to the positioning column 12, the buffer spring 34 moves together, and then the other end of the buffer spring 34 abuts against the side wall of the positioning column 12.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the positioning column 12 is hinged with a guide swing rod 32, the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod 31, the guide swing rod 32 is provided with a matching waist-shaped hole 321 along its length direction, and the damping slide rod 31 is fixedly connected with a matching pin shaft 312, the axis of the matching pin shaft 312 is in the horizontal direction, and the matching pin shaft 312 passes through the matching waist-shaped hole 321. The matching space 121 is also provided for the guide swing rod 32 to pass through when it swings. In the natural state, the guide swing rod 32 is located on the side of the positioning column 12 facing the impact end column 2, and is located between the buffer spring 34 and the positioning column 12.

[0031] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 also includes a force-bearing member, and a plurality of consumption structures are provided on the damping slide bar 31 along its length direction. The force-bearing member is used to collide with the consumption structure, so that the consumption structure collided with it produces structural damage. The consumption structure is a consumption hole 311 opened on the damping slide bar 31, and the hole axis of the consumption hole 311 is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide bar 31. The force-bearing member is a damping pin rod 33, and the damping pin rod 33 is connected to the damping column 13. The length direction of the damping pin rod 33 is horizontal, and the damping pin rod 33 coaxially passes through the consumption hole 311. The consumption holes 311 evenly and densely distributed along the length direction of the damping slide rod 31 form continuous breakpoints on the damping slide rod 31. When the damping slide rod 31 is moved by thrust, a large abutment force is generated between the hole wall of the consumption hole 311 and the side wall of the damping pin rod 33, which eventually causes structural damage to the damping slide rod 31. The hole walls of the consumption holes 311 passing through the damping pin rod 33 are all broken, and the damping slide rod 31 is also broken into two halves here; the energy consumption generated in this process comes from the impact force exerted on the impact end column 2.

[0032] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the side fence 21 is located on the side of the basic guardrail frame 1 facing the road, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the road. One end of the side fence 21 is fixedly connected to the collision end column 2. A plurality of mounting holes 211 are provided on the side fence 21. The plurality of mounting holes 211 form two rows. The arrangement direction of each row of mounting holes 211 is consistent with the length direction of the side fence 21, that is, a continuous breakpoint structure is also formed on the side fence 21. Two mounting bolts 22 are passed through the mounting holes 211 of the side fence 21. There are two mounting bolts 22, and a single mounting bolt 22 corresponds to one of the mounting holes 211 in a single row. The mounting bolt 22 passes through the side fence 21 and is threadedly connected to the damping column 13; when the collision end column 2 and the damping slide bar 31 move, the side fence 21 also moves accordingly, and the hole wall of the mounting hole 211 collides with the side wall of the mounting bolt 22, and the side fence 21 also cracks and absorbs the energy brought by the impact.

[0033] The implementation principle of a highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head in the embodiment of the present application is: The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 performs four-stage energy dissipation: 1. When encountering energy impact, the impact end column 2, the damping slide bar 31 and the side railing 21 are moved by force, and the guide swing rod 32 rotates. This is the first stage.

[0034] 2. When the guide rocker arm 32 is flipped to the vertical direction, the buffer spring 34 abuts against the side wall of the positioning column 12, and the buffer spring 34 begins to be compressed and store energy. This is the second stage.

[0035] 3. During the whole process, the damping pin rod 33 and the mounting bolt 22 have structural impacts with the damping liver guard and the side railing 21 respectively, and the damping pin rod 33 and the side railing 21 are torn apart. This is the third level.

[0036] 4. The guide rocker arm 32 flips to the other side of the positioning column 12 and the matching pin shaft 312 abuts against the end hole wall of the matching waist-shaped hole 321. At this time, the buffer spring 34 is compressed to the limit, and the hole walls of all consumption holes 311 are broken. If there is still energy that has not been released at this time, the impact end column 2 will slip off the fixed slide rail 11, and the impact end column 2, the damping slide rod 31, the guide rocker arm 32, and the basic guardrail frame 1 will all suffer structural damage until the energy is exhausted. This is the fourth level.

[0037] Embodiment 2: like Figure 4As shown, the difference from the first embodiment is that the damping pin rod 33 and the damping column 13 slide relative to each other, and the damping column 13 is provided with an adjustment waist-shaped hole 131 for the damping pin rod 33 to pass through, and the length direction of the adjustment waist-shaped hole 131 is parallel to the moving direction of the damping slide rod 31. The damping column 13 is provided with an adjustment spring 132, one end of the adjustment spring 132 is fixedly connected to the damping column 13, and the other end is connected to the damping pin rod 33, and the expansion and contraction direction of the adjustment spring 132 is parallel to the length direction of the adjustment waist-shaped hole 131. In the natural state, the damping pin rod 33 is located in the adjustment waist-shaped hole 131 near one end of the collision end column 2. When the damping slide rod 31 is moved by the thrust of the wall of the consumption hole 311, a thrust is generated on the damping pin rod 33, and the adjusting spring 132 is also compressed by the force. The damping pin rod 33 moves a certain distance along the adjusting waist hole 131. The sliding amount of the adjusting spring 132 and the damping pin rod 33 has a certain buffering effect on the damping pin rod 33, thereby reducing the structural damage of the damping column 13.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, two movable blocks 35 are movably provided on the damping column 13 at the side of the damping pin 33 away from the positioning column 12, and the two movable blocks 35 are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the damping slide bar 31. A guide roller 352 is rotatably provided on each movable block 35, and the axis of the guide roller 352 is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin 33; the movable form of the movable block 35 is to make the guide roller 352 approach or move away from the damping slide bar 31. In this embodiment, the movable block 35 is hinged to the damping column 13, and the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller 352. The damping pin rod 33 is fixedly connected with a pushing wedge block 36, and the pushing wedge block 36 is fixedly connected to the end of the adjusting spring 132 away from the damping column 13, that is, the pushing wedge block 36 also slides relative to the damping column 13, and the sliding direction is the length direction of the damping slide bar 31; a force-bearing wedge surface 351 is provided on the movable block 35, and the wedge surface of the pushing wedge block 36 is in contact with the force-bearing wedge surface 351. When the pushing wedge block 36 moves backward and abuts against the force-bearing wedge surface 351, the movable block 35 rotates in the direction of making the guide roller 352 approach the damping slide bar 31, so that the roller surface of the guide roller 352 abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the damping slide bar 31, forming vertical extrusion on the broken damping slide bar 31, so that the two halves of the torn damping slide bar 31 are close to each other, reducing the damage caused by the outward expansion of the rod-shaped waste.

[0039] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head, comprising a basic guardrail frame (1) and a collision-bearing end column (2), wherein the basic guardrail frame (1) is fixedly connected to the ground, and the collision-bearing end column (2) is located at one end of the basic guardrail frame (1), characterized in that: The collision-bearing end column (2) and the basic guardrail frame (1) are slidably connected, and the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the road. A damping slide bar (31) is fixedly connected to the collision-bearing end column (2), and the damping slide bar (31) and the basic guardrail frame (1) slide relatively. A force-bearing member is connected to the basic guardrail frame (1), and a plurality of consumption structures are provided on the damping slide bar (31) along its length direction, and the force-bearing member is used to collide with the consumption structure.

2. The highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping slide bar (31) is a steel pipe, the consumption structure is a consumption hole (311), the hole axis of the consumption hole (311) is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide bar (31), the force-bearing member is a damping pin rod (33), the basic guardrail frame (1) includes a damping column (13), the damping pin rod (33) is connected to the damping column (13), and the damping pin rod (33) coaxially passes through the consumption hole (311).

3. The highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 2 is characterized by: The basic guardrail frame (1) comprises a positioning column (12), wherein the positioning column (12) is located between the force-bearing member and the impact-bearing end column (2), a matching space (121) is provided on the positioning column (12), a guide rocker (32) is hinged on the positioning column (12), the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide bar (31), a matching waist-shaped hole (321) is provided on the guiding rocker (32) along its length direction, a matching pin shaft (312) is fixedly connected to the damping slide bar (31), the matching pin shaft (312) passes through the matching waist-shaped hole (321), and the matching space (121) is provided for the guiding rocker (32) and the damping slide bar (31) to pass through. In a natural state, the guiding rocker (32) is located on the side of the positioning column (12) facing the impact-bearing end column (2).

4. A highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A buffer spring (34) is coaxially sleeved on the damping slide rod (31), and one end of the buffer spring (34) is connected to the impact end column (2).

5. A highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a side guardrail (21), one end of which is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end column (2), and a mounting bolt (22) is provided on the side guardrail (21). The mounting bolt (22) passes through the side guardrail (21) and is threadedly connected to the basic guardrail frame (1).

6. The energy dissipation protection end of a highway guardrail according to claim 5 is characterized by: The length direction of the side fence (21) is parallel to the length direction of the damping slide bar (31), and a plurality of mounting holes (211) are provided on the side fence (21), and the plurality of mounting holes (211) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the side fence (21), and the mounting bolts (22) pass through the mounting holes (211).

7. The highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The damping column (13) is provided with an adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) for the damping pin rod (33) to pass through, the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) is parallel to the moving direction of the damping slide rod (31), the damping column (13) is fixedly connected with an adjusting spring (132), the end of the adjusting spring (132) and the damping pin rod (33) are relatively fixed, the expansion and contraction direction of the adjusting spring (132) is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131), and in a natural state, the damping pin rod (33) is located in the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) at one end close to the impact end column (2).

8. The highway guardrail energy dissipation protection end head according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide roller (352) is rotatably provided on the damping column (13), and the guide roller (352) is located on the side of the force-bearing pin rod away from the impact-bearing end column (2). There are two guide rollers (352) and they are respectively located on the opposite sides of the damping sliding rod (31), and the axis of the guide roller (352) is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin rod (33); Two movable blocks (35) are movably arranged on the damping column (13), and a single guide roller (352) is rotatably connected to one movable block (35). The movable form of the movable block (35) is to make the guide roller (352) approach or move away from the damping sliding rod (31).

9. The energy dissipation protection end cap of a highway guardrail according to claim 8, characterized in that: The movable block (35) is hinged to the damping column (13), and the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller (352). The damping pin rod (33) is fixedly connected with a propulsion wedge (36). A force-bearing wedge surface (351) is provided on the movable block (35). The wedge surface of the propulsion wedge (36) is in contact with the force-bearing wedge surface (351). When the propulsion wedge (36) abuts against the force-bearing wedge surface (351), the movable block (35) rotates in a direction to bring the guide roller (352) closer to the damping slide rod (31).

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