Energy-dissipating end of a highway guardrail

Abstract

The application relates to a highway guardrail energy-dissipation protection end head in the field of road safety facilities, which comprises a base guardrail frame and a collision end column, the base guardrail frame is fixedly connected with the ground, the collision end column is located at one end of the base guardrail frame, the collision end column and the base guardrail frame are in sliding connection, the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the road, a damping sliding rod is fixedly connected with the collision end column, the damping sliding rod and the base guardrail frame slide relative to each other, a stress member is connected with the base guardrail frame, and a plurality of energy-dissipation structures are arranged on the damping sliding rod along the length direction of the damping sliding rod, and the stress member is used for colliding with the energy-dissipation structures. The application has a plurality of energy-absorption structures, can absorb the impact energy generated by the vehicle collision in multiple forms, and has simple structure and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of road safety facilities, and in particular to an energy dissipation and protection end cap for highway guardrails. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's highway transportation, the importance of road safety facilities has become increasingly prominent. Among them, guardrails, as an important device to prevent vehicles from running off the curb, play an irreplaceable role in ensuring driving safety. However, if the impact energy generated when a vehicle collides with a guardrail is not effectively absorbed and dispersed, it will not only cause serious injury to the driver, but also damage or even malfunction the guardrail itself, bringing considerable difficulties to subsequent repairs.

[0003] Currently, common energy dissipation devices for guardrails mainly include elastic deformation types or buffer pads. Among them, elastic deformation types dissipate collision energy through the deformation of the material itself; buffer pads are mostly used for smaller-scale impact events.

[0004] The above-mentioned types of guardrails generally have problems such as complex structure, high production cost, and difficulty in maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an energy dissipation and protection end cap for highway guardrails.

[0006] The technical solution for a highway guardrail energy dissipation and protection end cap provided in this application is as follows:

[0007] A highway guardrail energy dissipation and protection end cap includes a basic guardrail frame and an impact-bearing end post. The basic guardrail frame is fixedly connected to the ground, and the impact-bearing end post is located at one end of the basic guardrail frame. The impact-bearing end post and the basic guardrail frame are slidably connected, with the sliding direction parallel to the length direction of the road. A damping slide rod is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end post, and the damping slide rod slides relative to the basic guardrail frame. A force-bearing component is connected to the basic guardrail frame, and multiple energy-dissipating structures are provided along the length direction of the damping slide rod. The force-bearing component is used to impact with the energy-dissipating structures.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the impact-bearing end post moves due to an impact, the damping slide bar moves along with it. The various consumable structures on it take turns impacting the force-bearing components, and the consumable structures that are impacted suffer physical damage. At the same time, this process has a large absorption effect on the impact force of the vehicle. Moreover, as a consumable component, the damping slide bar itself has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to maintain.

[0009] Preferably, the damping slide bar is a steel pipe, the consumption structure is a consumption hole, the axis of the consumption hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide bar, the force-bearing component is a damping pin, the basic guardrail frame includes a damping column, the damping pin is connected to the damping column, and the damping pin coaxially passes through the consumption hole.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when the damping slide bar moves under the thrust, a large abutting force is generated between the wall of the consumption hole and the side wall of the damping pin, which eventually causes the damping slide bar to break structurally. The walls of the consumption holes passing through the damping pin are all broken, and the damping slide bar also breaks into two halves at this point. The energy consumption generated in this process all comes from the impact force received by the impact end column.

[0011] Preferably, the basic guardrail frame includes a positioning post located between the load-bearing component and the impact-bearing end post. The positioning post has a mating space and a guide rocker arm hinged to it. The hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod. The guide rocker arm has a mating waist-shaped hole along its own length direction. A mating pin is fixedly connected to the damping slide rod, and the mating pin passes through the mating waist-shaped hole. The mating space allows the guide rocker arm and the damping slide rod to pass through. In its natural state, the guide rocker arm is located on the side of the positioning post facing the impact-bearing end post.

[0012] Preferably, a buffer spring is coaxially sleeved on the damping slide rod, and one end of the buffer spring is connected to the impact-bearing end post.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the impact-bearing end post is hit by a vehicle and moves closer to the positioning post, the buffer spring moves together, and then the other end of the buffer spring abuts against the side wall of the positioning post. The compression process of the buffer spring is the energy absorption process.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a side rail panel, one end of which is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end post, and an installation bolt is provided on the side rail panel, the installation bolt passing through the side rail panel and threadedly connected to the basic guardrail frame.

[0015] Preferably, the length direction of the side rail is parallel to the length direction of the damping slide rod, and the side rail has a plurality of mounting holes arranged in an array along the length direction of the side rail, and the mounting bolt passes through the mounting holes.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the side rail with mounting holes and the damping slide bar with consumption holes are similar in structure. After the impact end column is hit, the hole wall of the mounting hole and the mounting bolt are hit and broken, thereby absorbing energy.

[0017] Preferably, the damping column has an adjustable waist-shaped hole through which the damping pin passes. The length direction of the adjustable waist-shaped hole is parallel to the moving direction of the damping slide rod. An adjusting spring is fixedly connected to the damping column. The end of the adjusting spring is fixed relative to the damping pin. The extension and retraction direction of the adjusting spring is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole. In its natural state, the damping pin is located inside the adjusting waist-shaped hole at one end near the impact end column.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the damping slide rod moves under the thrust of the hole wall, it generates a thrust on the damping pin rod, and the adjusting spring is also compressed. The damping pin rod moves a certain distance along the adjusting waist-shaped hole. The sliding amount of the adjusting spring and the damping pin rod has a certain buffering effect on the damping pin rod, and ultimately reduces the structural damage of the damping column.

[0019] Preferably, the damping column is rotatably provided with guide rollers, which are located on the side of the force-bearing pin away from the impact end column. There are two guide rollers, which are located on opposite sides of the damping slide rod. The axis of the guide rollers is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin rod. Two movable blocks are movably provided on the damping column. Each guide roller is rotatably connected to a movable block. The movement of the movable block is such that the guide roller moves closer to or away from the damping slide rod.

[0020] Preferably, the movable block and the damping column are hinged, with the hinge axis parallel to the axis of the guide roller. The damping pin is fixedly connected to a push wedge. The movable block is provided with a force-bearing wedge surface. The wedge surface of the push wedge and the force-bearing wedge surface are in contact. When the push wedge abuts against the force-bearing wedge surface, the movable block rotates in the direction that brings the guide roller closer to the damping slide bar.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable block rotates in the direction that brings the guide roller closer to the damping slide bar, so that the roller surface of the guide roller abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the damping slide bar, forming vertical compression on the broken damping slide bar, so that the two halves of the torn damping slide bar are close to each other, reducing the damage caused by the outward expansion of the rod-shaped waste.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. By setting up a damping slide bar and a consumable structure, when the impact end post moves due to an impact, the damping slide bar moves along with it. The various consumable structures on it take turns impacting the force-bearing components. The consumable structures that are impacted suffer physical damage. During this process, it has a large absorption effect on the impact force of the vehicle. Moreover, as a consumable component, the damping slide bar itself has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0024] 2. By setting up guide rods and buffer springs, the impact energy generated by vehicle collisions is absorbed and released in different response forms, thereby improving the overall buffering efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy dissipation and protection end of the highway guardrail in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation structure of the side rail in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism used in Embodiment 1 of this application to illustrate the movement of the impact-bearing end post to the positioning post.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure used to illustrate the damping column in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Basic guardrail frame; 11. Fixed slide rail; 12. Positioning post; 121. Fitting space; 13. Damping post; 131. Adjustable waist-shaped hole; 132. Adjusting spring; 2. Impact-bearing end post; 21. Side rail plate; 211. Mounting hole; 22. Mounting bolt; 3. Multi-stage energy absorption mechanism; 31. Damping slide bar; 311. Consumption hole; 312. Fitting pin; 32. Guide swing rod; 321. Fitting waist-shaped hole; 33. Damping pin; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Movable block; 351. Force-bearing wedge surface; 352. Guide roller; 36. Propulsion wedge. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] This application discloses an energy dissipation and protection end cap for highway guardrails, such as... Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the system includes a basic guardrail frame 1, impact-bearing end posts 2, side rails 21, and a multi-stage energy-absorbing mechanism 3. The basic guardrail frame 1 is located at one edge of the road and fixed to the ground. The impact-bearing end posts 2 are located at the oncoming end of the basic guardrail frame 1 and are slidably connected to it. The sliding direction is parallel to the length of the road. That is, if a vehicle collides with the impact-bearing end post 2, the impact-bearing end post 2 will move along with the vehicle due to the initial thrust. The multi-stage energy-absorbing mechanism 3 is used to buffer and absorb the impact force generated by the vehicle.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the basic guardrail frame 1 includes, in sequence along the driving direction, a fixed slide rail 11, a positioning post 12, and a damping post 13. All three are fixedly connected to the ground by anchor bolts. The length direction of the fixed slide rail 11 is parallel to the road direction. The lower end of the impact-bearing end post 2 slides along the fixed slide rail 11. The length directions of the positioning post 12 and the damping post 13 are both vertical. The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 includes a damping slide rod 31 and a buffer spring 34. The length direction of the damping slide rod 31 is parallel to the length direction of the fixed slide rail 11. One end of the damping slide rod 31 is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end post 2, and the other end passes through the damping post 13. The damping slide rod 31 is made of square tubular steel, that is, a square through hole is opened on the damping post 12 for the damping slide rod 31 to pass through. A fitting space 121 is opened on the positioning post 12 for the damping slide rod 31 to pass through. The buffer spring 34 is sleeved on the damping slide bar 31. One end of the buffer spring 34 is fixedly connected to the impact end post 2. When the impact end post 2 is hit by the vehicle and moves closer to the positioning post 12, the buffer spring 34 moves together. Then the other end of the buffer spring 34 abuts against the side wall of the positioning post 12.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a guide rocker arm 32 is hinged to the positioning post 12. The hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod 31. A mating waist-shaped hole 321 is formed on the guide rocker arm 32 along its own length direction. A mating pin 312 is fixedly connected to the damping slide rod 31. The axis of the mating pin 312 is horizontal, and the mating pin 312 passes through the mating waist-shaped hole 321. The mating space 121 also allows the guide rocker arm 32 to pass through when swinging. In its natural state, the guide rocker arm 32 is located on the side of the positioning post 12 facing the impact end post 2, and is located between the buffer spring 34 and the positioning post 12.

[0035] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 also includes a force-receiving component. Multiple energy-consuming structures are provided on the damping slide rod 31 along its length. The force-receiving component is used to impact the energy-consuming structures, causing structural damage to the impacting structures. The energy-consuming structure is an energy-consuming hole 311 opened on the damping slide rod 31. The axis of the energy-consuming hole 311 is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping slide rod 31. The force-receiving component is a damping pin 33, which is connected to the damping column 13. The length direction of the damping pin 33 is horizontal, and the damping pin 33 coaxially passes through the energy-consuming hole 311. The consumption holes 311 evenly distributed along the length of the damping slide rod 31 create continuous breaks on the damping slide rod 31. When the damping slide rod 31 moves under the thrust, a large abutting force is generated between the hole wall of the consumption hole 311 and the side wall of the damping pin 33, which eventually causes the damping slide rod 31 to fail. The hole wall of the consumption hole 311 passing through the damping pin 33 breaks, and the damping slide rod 31 also breaks into two halves at this point. The energy consumption generated in this process comes from the impact force received by the impact end column 2.

[0036] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the side rail 21 is located on the side of the basic guardrail frame 1 facing the road, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the road. One end of the side rail 21 is fixedly connected to the impact-bearing end post 2. The side rail 21 has multiple mounting holes 211, which are arranged in two rows. The arrangement direction of the mounting holes 211 in each row is consistent with the length direction of the side rail 21, that is, the side rail 21 also forms a continuous discontinuous structure. Two mounting bolts 22 pass through the mounting holes 211 of the side rail 21. There are two mounting bolts 22, and each mounting bolt 22 corresponds to one of the mounting holes 211 in a single row. The mounting bolts 22 pass through the side rail 21 and are threadedly connected to the damping post 13. When the impact-bearing end post 2 and the damping slide bar 31 move, the side rail 21 also moves. The hole wall of the mounting hole 211 and the side wall of the mounting bolt 22 collide, and the side rail 21 cracks and absorbs the energy of the impact.

[0037] The implementation principle of a highway guardrail energy dissipation and protection end in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0038] The multi-stage energy absorption mechanism 3 performs four-stage energy dissipation:

[0039] 1. When encountering an energy impact, the impact end post 2, the damping slide bar 31 and the side rail 21 are moved by the force, and the guide swing rod 32 rotates. This is the first stage.

[0040] 2. When the guide rocker arm 32 is flipped to the vertical direction, the buffer spring 34 abuts against the side wall of the positioning post 12, and the buffer spring 34 begins to be compressed and store energy. This is the second stage.

[0041] 3. During the entire process, the damping pin 33 and the mounting bolt 22 respectively experienced structural impacts with the damping guard and the side rail 21, causing the damping pin 33 and the side rail 21 to tear. This is the third stage.

[0042] 4. The guide rocker arm 32 flips to the other side of the positioning post 12 and abuts against the end wall of the mating pin 312 and the mating waist-shaped hole 321. At this time, the buffer spring 34 is compressed to its limit, and the hole walls of all the consumption holes 311 break. If there is still energy that has not been released, the impact end post 2 will slide off the fixed slide rail 11. The impact end post 2, the damping slide rod 31, the guide rocker arm 32, and the basic guardrail frame 1 will all suffer structural damage until the energy is completely consumed. This is the fourth stage.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the damping pin 33 and the damping column 13 slide relative to each other. The damping column 13 has an adjusting waist-shaped hole 131 through which the damping pin 33 passes. The length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole 131 is parallel to the moving direction of the damping slide rod 31. An adjusting spring 132 is provided on the damping column 13. One end of the adjusting spring 132 is fixedly connected to the damping column 13, and the other end is connected to the damping pin 33. The extension and retraction direction of the adjusting spring 132 is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole 131. In the natural state, the damping pin 33 is located in the adjusting waist-shaped hole 131 at the end near the impact end column 2. When the damping slide bar 31 moves under the thrust of the wall of the consumption hole 311, it generates a thrust on the damping pin 33. The adjusting spring 132 is also compressed under the force. The damping pin 33 moves a certain distance along the adjusting waist-shaped hole 131. The sliding amount of the adjusting spring 132 and the damping pin 33 has a certain buffering effect on the damping pin 33, which ultimately reduces the structural damage of the damping column 13.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, two movable blocks 35 are movably disposed on the side of the damping pin 33 away from the positioning post 12 on the damping column 13. The two movable blocks 35 are located on the upper and lower sides of the damping slide bar 31, respectively. Each movable block 35 is rotatably equipped with a guide roller 352, the axis of which is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin 33. The movable block 35 moves to bring the guide roller 352 closer to or away from the damping slide bar 31. In this embodiment, the movable block 35 and the damping column 13 are hinged, and the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller 352. The damping pin 33 is fixedly connected to the push wedge 36. The push wedge 36 and the adjusting spring 132 are fixedly connected at the end away from the damping column 13, that is, the push wedge 36 also slides relative to the damping column 13, and the sliding direction is the length direction of the damping slide rod 31. The movable block 35 is provided with a force-bearing wedge surface 351. The wedge surface of the push wedge 36 contacts the force-bearing wedge surface 351. When the push wedge 36 moves backward and abuts against the force-bearing wedge surface 351, the movable block 35 rotates in the direction that brings the guide roller 352 closer to the damping slide rod 31, so that the roller surface of the guide roller 352 abuts against the upper and lower side walls of the damping slide rod 31, forming a vertical compression on the broken damping slide rod 31, so that the two halves of the torn damping slide rod 31 are close to each other, reducing the damage caused by the outward expansion of the rod-shaped waste.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A highway guardrail energy dissipation end, comprising a base guardrail frame (1) and a crash end column (2), the base guardrail frame (1) is fixedly connected with the ground, and the crash end column (2) is located at one end of the base guardrail frame (1), characterized in that: The impact end column (2) and the base guardrail frame (1) are slidingly connected, the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the road, the impact end column (2) is fixedly connected with a damping sliding rod (31), the damping sliding rod (31) and the base guardrail frame (1) slide relative to each other, the base guardrail frame (1) is connected with a force receiving member, and a plurality of consumption structures are arranged on the damping sliding rod (31) along the length direction of the damping sliding rod (31); the force receiving member is used for colliding with the consumption structures. The damping sliding rod (31) is a profile steel pipe, the consumption structure is a consumption hole (311), the hole axis of the consumption hole (311) is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping sliding rod (31), the force receiving member is a damping pin rod (33), the base guardrail frame (1) comprises a damping column (13), the damping pin rod (33) is connected with the damping column (13), and the damping pin rod (33) coaxially penetrates the consumption hole (311).

2. A highway guardrail energy management end terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base guardrail frame (1) comprises a positioning column (12), the positioning column (12) is located between the force receiving member and the impact end column (2), the positioning column (12) is provided with a matching space (121), the positioning column (12) is hingedly connected with a guide swing rod (32), the hinge axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the damping sliding rod (31), the guide swing rod (32) is provided with a matching waist-shaped hole (321) along the length direction of the guide swing rod (32), the damping sliding rod (31) is fixedly connected with a matching pin shaft (312), the matching pin shaft (312) penetrates the matching waist-shaped hole (321), and the matching space (121) is used for allowing the guide swing rod (32) and the damping sliding rod (31) to penetrate; in a natural state, the guide swing rod (32) is located on the side of the positioning column (12) that faces the impact end column (2).

3. A highway barrier energy management terminal end as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The damping sliding rod (31) is coaxially sleeved with a buffer spring (34), and one end of the buffer spring (34) is connected with the impact end column (2).

4. A highway barrier energy management terminal end as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Further comprising a side rail plate (21), one end of the side rail plate (21) is fixedly connected with the impact end column (2), the side rail plate (21) is provided with a mounting bolt (22), the mounting bolt (22) penetrates the side rail plate (21) and is threadedly connected with the base guardrail frame (1).

5. A highway guardrail energy management end terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length direction of the side rail plate (21) is parallel to the length direction of the damping sliding rod (31), the side rail plate (21) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (211), and the plurality of mounting holes (211) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the side rail plate (21); and the mounting bolt (22) penetrates the mounting hole (211).

6. A highway guardrail energy management end terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping column (13) is provided with an adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) for the damping pin rod (33) to pass through, the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) is parallel to the moving direction of the damping sliding rod (31), the damping column (13) is fixedly connected with an adjusting spring (132), the end of the adjusting spring (132) is fixed relative to the damping pin rod (33), the expansion direction of the adjusting spring (132) is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131), and the damping pin rod (33) is located at one end close to the impact end column (2) in the adjusting waist-shaped hole (131) in a natural state.

7. A highway guardrail energy management end terminal according to claim 6 wherein: The damping column (13) is rotatably provided with a guide roller (352), the guide roller (352) is located on the side, away from the impact end column (2), of the force receiving pin rod, the guide roller (352) is two and is located at opposite sides of the damping sliding rod (31) respectively, and the axis of the guide roller (352) is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin rod (33). The damping column (13) is movably provided with two movable blocks (35), and one guide roller (352) is rotatably connected to one movable block (35); and the movable blocks (35) are movable to make the guide rollers (352) close to or away from the damping sliding rod (31).

8. A highway guardrail energy management end terminal according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable blocks (35) are hinged to the damping column (13), the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller (352), the damping pin rod (33) is fixedly connected with a propelling wedge block (36), the movable blocks (35) are provided with force receiving wedge surfaces (351), the wedge surface of the propelling wedge block (36) is in contact with the force receiving wedge surface (351), and when the propelling wedge block (36) abuts against the force receiving wedge surface (351), the movable blocks (35) are rotated towards the direction of making the guide rollers (352) close to the damping sliding rod (31). The damping column (13) is rotatably provided with a guide roller (352), the guide roller (352) is located on the side, away from the impact end column (2), of the force receiving pin rod, the guide roller (352) is two and is located at opposite sides of the damping sliding rod (31) respectively, and the axis of the guide roller (352) is parallel to the length direction of the damping pin rod (33). The damping column (13) is movably provided with two movable blocks (35), and one guide roller (352) is rotatably connected to one movable block (35); and the movable blocks (35) are movable to make the guide rollers (352) close to or away from the damping sliding rod (31). The movable blocks (35) are hinged to the damping column (13), the hinge axis is parallel to the axis of the guide roller (352), the damping pin rod (33) is fixedly connected with a propelling wedge block (36), the movable blocks (35) are provided with force receiving wedge surfaces (351), the wedge surface of the propelling wedge block (36) is in contact with the force receiving wedge surface (351), and when the propelling wedge block (36) abuts against the force receiving wedge surface (351), the movable blocks (35) are rotated towards the direction of making the guide rollers (352) close to the damping sliding rod (31).

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