Hydropower dam slope protection structure applied to water and soil loss prevention and control

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric dam slope protection, and discloses a hydroelectric dam slope protection structure applied to water and soil loss prevention, which comprises side edge beams, a bottom plate is arranged between the two side edge beams, the top surface of the bottom plate is lower than the top surfaces of the side edge beams, and the upper side of the bottom plate is covered with soil. The upper surface of the soil is flush with the upper surfaces of the side edge beams, green plants are planted on the surface of the soil, root system holes are evenly formed in the bottom plate, root systems of the green plants are inserted into the root system holes in a penetrating and winding mode, water collecting structures are arranged above and below the side edge beams, and water baffles are arranged below the side edge beams. In the invention, the bottom plate is divided into a plurality of transverse strips and vertical strips through root system holes, and the transverse strips and the vertical strips are wound through root systems of green plants, so that the problem that the bottom foundation of the dam slope protection is unstable due to the fact that soil at the bottom of the dam slope protection is possibly washed away by rainwater due to large rainfall in rainy seasons of a traditional hydroelectric dam is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower dam slope protection, in particular to a hydropower dam slope protection structure used for preventing and controlling soil erosion. Background Art

[0002] Slope protection for hydropower dams is critical to ensuring the safety and stability of dams. It is mainly used to protect the slope of the dam and resist erosion and damage from natural factors such as water flow, waves, and rain. There are many types of common slope protection for hydropower dams. Concrete slope protection is widely used and has high strength and excellent anti-scouring ability. Through on-site pouring, it can be closely connected with the slope of the dam, effectively blocking the impact of water flow and ensuring the stability of the dam. Mortar-made stone slope protection is also common. It is composed of stones and cement mortar. It has low cost and good weathering resistance, and can provide reliable protection for the slope of the dam. Geotextile slope protection uses materials such as geotextiles to play the role of anti-filtration and reinforcement, prevent slope soil particles from being carried away by water flow, and enhance soil stability. In the selection of slope protection materials, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the actual situation of the project, cost and environmental factors. High-quality concrete, solid and durable stone and high-performance geotextiles are all ideal materials for building stable slope protection. Hydropower dam slope protection plays an indispensable role in ensuring the safe operation of hydropower projects, extending the service life of dams, and maintaining the stability of the surrounding ecological environment. It is an important part of water conservancy and hydropower facilities.

[0003] Traditional hydropower dam slope protection is often made of all-concrete structure. However, due to heavy rainfall in the rainy season, the soil at the bottom of the dam slope protection may be washed away by rainwater. As the amount of soil loss continues to increase, the bottom of the dam slope protection loses sufficient support, which will cause the problem of unstable foundation at the bottom of the dam slope protection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydropower dam slope protection structure for use in soil and water loss prevention and control, which solves the problem that traditional hydropower dam slope protection is often constructed with a full concrete structure, but due to heavy rainfall in the rainy season, the soil at the bottom of the dam slope protection may be washed away by rainwater. As the amount of soil loss continues to increase, the bottom of the dam slope protection loses sufficient support, thereby causing the problem of unstable foundation at the bottom of the dam slope protection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a hydropower dam slope protection structure used for soil and water loss prevention and control, including side beams, a bottom plate is arranged between two side beams, the top surface of the bottom plate is lower than the top surface of the side beams, the upper side of the bottom plate is covered with soil, the upper surface of the soil is flush with the upper surface of the side beams, green plants are planted on the surface of the soil, root holes are evenly opened inside the bottom plate, the roots of the green plants are inserted through the root holes, water collection structures are arranged above and below the side beams, and a water retaining plate is arranged below the side beams.

[0006] Preferably, the water collection structure includes a first water collection trough and a second water collection trough, one end of the first water collection trough is fixedly connected to the lower side of the side beam, the bottom surface of the side beam is fixedly connected to the top surface of the water baffle, and the side of the second water collection trough is fixedly connected to the upper side of the side beam.

[0007] Preferably, filter stones are disposed inside the first water collection tank and the second water collection tank, a support plate is disposed at the bottom of the filter stone, a support bar is disposed at the bottom of the support plate, and the support bar is fixedly connected to the side walls of the first water collection tank and the second water collection tank.

[0008] Preferably, water channels are opened inside the two side beams, and two ends of the water channels are connected to the opposite side walls of the first water collecting trough and the second water collecting trough.

[0009] Preferably, a cavity is provided inside the water baffle, and the top of the cavity is connected to the bottom of the first water collecting tank.

[0010] Preferably, a water pump is provided inside the cavity, a suction pipe is provided at the input end of the water pump, the output end of the water pump is fixedly provided at one end of an irrigation water pipe, the other end of the irrigation water pipe is located at the top of the base plate, and a water outlet hole is provided on an outer wall of a section of the upper part of the base plate.

[0011] Preferably, a water inlet is provided at the bottom of the water baffle plate on the side close to the water source, and a closed door is provided on the side of the water inlet close to the cavity, both ends of the closed door are located on the inner wall of the slide, the outer walls of the two slides are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, the top of the closed door is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope, the other end of the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the buoyancy ball, the bottom of the closed door is fixedly connected to one end of the traction spring, and the other end of the traction spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the water retaining plate is provided with a porous plate, and the porous plate is located outside the water inlet.

[0013] Working principle: The bottom plate can be filled with soil, and then plants are planted on the soil surface. The bottom plate can be divided into multiple horizontal and vertical strips by using the root holes, and then the roots of the plants are used to wrap around the horizontal and vertical strips of the bottom plate, and at the same time, the roots extend into the soil at the bottom of the bottom plate, so as to fix the embankment slope protection on the ground. At the same time, the plant roots can be used to maintain water and soil. The second water collection trough and the first water collection trough can be used to collect rainwater on rainy days, and then filter stones and support plates are used to prevent debris from falling into the second water collection trough and the first water collection trough. The rainwater collected in the second water collection trough can be transported to the first water collection trough by using the waterway, and then the rainwater collected in the first water collection trough is stored through the cavity inside the water retaining plate, and the filtered stored water is transported to the inside of the water pump through the suction pipe, and then the water source is transported to the inside of the irrigation water pipe through the water pump, and the water source is output to the soil through the water outlet hole in the upper section of the irrigation water pipe, so as to ensure that the plants have sufficient water.

[0014] When there is no rain in the dry season, the water level inside the water retaining plate will drop, which will cause the height of the buoyancy ball to drop, thereby reducing the pulling force on the closed door. The closed door can be pulled downward by the traction spring to open the water inlet. The river water outside the water retaining plate will be input into the water retaining plate through the water inlet. At this time, the water pump can continue to irrigate the plants. When the water level inside the water retaining plate reaches the top of the water inlet, the buoyancy ball will generate buoyancy again to pull the closed door upward to close the water inlet.

[0015] The present invention provides a hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the bottom plate is divided into a plurality of horizontal and vertical strips through root holes, and then soil is filled on the surface of the bottom plate, and then green plants are planted on the soil surface. The roots of the green plants entwine the horizontal and vertical strips and extend into the soil at the bottom of the bottom plate, thereby maintaining the soil at the bottom of the bottom plate while stably fixing the bottom plate on the foundation surface, thereby solving the problem that traditional hydropower dam slope protection is often cast with a full concrete structure, but due to heavy rainfall in the rainy season, the soil at the bottom of the dam slope protection may be washed away by rainwater. As the amount of soil loss continues to increase, the bottom of the dam slope protection loses sufficient support, which will cause the problem of unstable foundation at the bottom of the dam slope protection.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, the second water collection trough and the first water collection trough can increase the rainwater collection area, the rainwater collected in the second water collection trough can be transported to the first water collection trough through the water channel, and then the rainwater collected in the second water collection trough and the first water collection trough is stored in the cavity inside the water baffle, and then the water source in the cavity is transported to the upper part of the bottom plate through the irrigation water pipe by a water pump, and then the plants on the surface of the bottom plate are irrigated through the water outlet, thereby ensuring the growth of the plants.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, the water source inside the river channel can be transported to the cavity of the water retaining plate through the water inlet. When the water level in the cavity is lower than the top surface of the water inlet, the buoyancy of the buoyancy ball is less than the tension of the traction spring, and the closed door moves downward to open the water inlet, and the external water source is input for replenishment. When the water level of the replenished water source is higher than the top surface of the water inlet, the buoyancy of the buoyancy ball is greater than the tension of the traction spring, and the closed door moves upward to prevent the water source inside the cavity from being lost, thereby ensuring the watering of plants when there is a lack of rain in the dry season. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the right front three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left front three-dimensional structure of the present invention after removing the filter stone;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the waterway of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper three-dimensional structure of the second water collecting tank of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the closed door of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, 1. side beam; 2. root hole; 3. bottom plate; 4. first water collection trough; 5. filter stone; 6. water retaining plate; 7. porous plate; 8. irrigation water pipe; 9. second water collection trough; 10. support plate; 11. water pump; 12. suction pipe; 13. waterway; 14. traction spring; 15. support bar; 16. buoyancy ball; 17. connecting rope; 18. water inlet; 19. chute; 20. closed door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see attached Figure 1The embodiment of the present invention provides a hydropower dam slope protection structure used for soil and water loss prevention and control, including a side beam 1, a bottom plate 3 is arranged between two side beams 1, the top surface of the bottom plate 3 is lower than the top surface of the side beam 1, the upper side of the bottom plate 3 is covered with soil, the upper surface of the soil is flush with the upper surface of the side beam 1, green plants are planted on the surface of the soil, root holes 2 are evenly opened inside the bottom plate 3, the roots of the green plants are inserted into the root holes 2, water collection structures are arranged above and below the side beam 1, and a water retaining plate 6 is arranged below the side beam 1.

[0029] Specifically, the side beams 1 can play the role of fixing and supporting the bottom plate 3, and at the same time can play the role of bearing the soil pressure on the top of the bottom plate 3; the top surface of the bottom plate 3 is lower than the top surface of the side beams 1, so that the soil can be filled on the top of the bottom plate 3, thereby providing a growth environment for plants; the soil can not only provide a growth environment for plants, but also increase the overall weight of the earth dam slope protection, thereby improving stability and thus increasing durability; green plants can grow roots, and the roots can penetrate into the soil and thus stabilize the soil; the root holes 2 can allow the roots of the plants to pass through and grow into deeper soil, and the root holes 2 can be used to The plate 3 is divided into a plurality of horizontal and vertical bars, which can be wrapped by the developed root system, thereby connecting the bottom plate 3 with the deep soil to further stabilize the dam slope protection, thereby reducing the soil at the bottom of the dam slope protection being washed away by rainwater, thereby improving the support of the bottom of the dam slope protection, thereby improving the problem of unstable foundation at the bottom of the dam slope protection; rainwater can be collected by the water collection structure, thereby providing water for the plants on the upper part of the bottom plate 3 in the dry season, and at the same time, the overall weight of the dam slope protection can be further increased by collecting water, thereby further stabilizing the dam slope protection; the water retaining plate 6 can prevent the water source of the river from eroding the soil at the bottom of the bottom plate 3.

[0030] Please see attached Figure 1 The water collection structure includes a first water collection trough 4 and a second water collection trough 9. One end of the first water collection trough 4 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the side beam 1, the bottom surface of the side beam 1 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the water retaining plate 6, and the side of the second water collection trough 9 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the side beam 1.

[0031] Specifically, rainwater can be collected by the first water collecting tank 4 and the second water collecting tank 9 .

[0032] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 Filter stones 5 are provided inside the first water collection tank 4 and the second water collection tank 9. A support plate 10 is provided at the bottom of the filter stone 5. A support bar 15 is provided at the bottom of the support plate 10. The support bar 15 is fixedly connected to the side walls of the first water collection tank 4 and the second water collection tank 9.

[0033] Specifically, the filter stone 5 can block the fallen branches and leaves, thereby preventing the branches and leaves from blocking the waterway 13; the support plate 10 can support the filter stone 5; and the support bar 15 can support the support plate 10.

[0034] Please see attached Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5 A water channel 13 is opened inside the two side beams 1, and both ends of the water channel 13 are connected to the opposite side walls of the first water collecting tank 4 and the second water collecting tank 9.

[0035] Specifically, the water source collected by the second water collection tank 9 can be transported to the inside of the first water collection tank 4 through the water channel 13, thereby improving the water source collection capacity.

[0036] Please see attached Figure 3 -Attached Figure 4 A cavity is provided inside the water baffle 6 , and the top of the cavity is connected to the bottom of the first water collecting tank 4 .

[0037] Specifically, the water source collected by the first water collecting tank 4 and the second water collecting tank 9 can be stored through the cavity.

[0038] Please see attached Figure 3 -Attached Figure 4 A water pump 11 is arranged inside the cavity, a water suction pipe 12 is arranged at the input end of the water pump 11, the output end of the water pump 11 is fixedly arranged at one end of the irrigation water pipe 8, the other end of the irrigation water pipe 8 is located at the top of the bottom plate 3, and a water outlet is opened on the outer wall of the upper part of the bottom plate 3.

[0039] Specifically, the water pump 11 can be used to transport water; the water suction pipe 12 can be used to transport the water inside the cavity to the inside of the water pump 11. At the same time, a filter head is provided at the end of the water suction pipe 12, thereby preventing impurities from entering the water pump 11, thereby protecting the water pump 11; the irrigation water pipe 8 can be used to transport the water delivered by the water pump 11 to the top of the bottom plate 3, and then discharged into the soil through the water outlet, so as to achieve the effect of watering the plants, so that the plants can maintain vitality and the root system can grow stably.

[0040] Please see attached Figure 6 A water inlet 18 is provided at the bottom of the water baffle 6 near the water source, and a closed door 20 is provided on the side of the water inlet 18 near the cavity. Both ends of the closed door 20 are located on the inner walls of the slide 19, and the outer walls of the two slides 19 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity. The top of the closed door 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope 17, and the other end of the connecting rope 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the buoyancy ball 16. The bottom of the closed door 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the traction spring 14, and the other end of the traction spring 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity.

[0041] Specifically, water from the river can be transported to the interior of the cavity through the water inlet 18, thereby replenishing the water storage capacity; the water inlet 18 can be blocked by the closed door 20, thereby preventing the water stored in the cavity from being lost; the closed door 20 can be fixed to the inner wall of the cavity through the slide 19; the buoyancy ball 16 can be fixed to the upper part of the closed door 20 through the connecting rope 17; buoyancy can be generated by the buoyancy ball 16, so that an upward pulling force can be applied to the closed door 20 through the connecting rope 17. When the water level of the water source is at the top of the water inlet 18, the buoyancy ball 16 will pull the closed door 20 upward, thereby closing the water inlet. 18; The traction spring 14 can bring a downward pulling force to the closed door 20. When the water level of the water source is lower than the top of the water inlet 18, the upward pulling force of the buoyancy ball 16 on the closed door 20 will be reduced, and then the closed door 20 will be pulled downward by the downward pulling force of the traction spring 14, thereby opening the water inlet 18, and the water source in the river channel will enter the cavity. When the water source is replenished to the top of the water inlet 18, the buoyancy ball 16 will pull the closed door 20 to close the water inlet 18 again. In this way, when there is little rain in the dry season, the water source in the river channel can also be replenished into the cavity, thereby ensuring that the plants on the top of the bottom plate 3 have sufficient water for irrigation.

[0042] Please see attached Figure 6 The outer wall of the water retaining plate 6 is provided with a porous plate 7 , and the porous plate 7 is located outside the water inlet 18 .

[0043] Specifically, the porous plate 7 can prevent garbage in the river from entering the cavity through the water inlet 18, thereby avoiding damage to the water pump 11.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydropower dam slope protection structure used for preventing and controlling soil erosion, comprising a side beam (1), characterized in that: A bottom plate (3) is arranged between the two side beams (1), the top surface of the bottom plate (3) is lower than the top surface of the side beam (1), the upper side of the bottom plate (3) is covered with soil, the upper surface of the soil is flush with the upper surface of the side beam (1), green plants are planted on the surface of the soil, root holes (2) are evenly opened inside the bottom plate (3), the roots of the green plants are inserted into the root holes (2), water collection structures are arranged above and below the side beam (1), and a water retaining plate (6) is arranged below the side beam (1).

2. A hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection structure comprises a first water collection trough (4) and a second water collection trough (9), one end of the first water collection trough (4) is fixedly connected to the lower side surface of the side beam (1), the bottom surface of the side beam (1) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the water retaining plate (6), and the side surface of the second water collection trough (9) is fixedly connected to the upper side surface of the side beam (1).

3. A hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first water collecting trough (4) and the second water collecting trough (9) are both provided with filter stones (5), the bottom of the filter stones (5) are provided with support plates (10), the bottom of the support plates (10) are provided with support bars (15), and the support bars (15) are fixedly connected to the side walls of the first water collecting trough (4) and the second water collecting trough (9).

4. The hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water channel (13) is provided inside the two side beams (1), and two ends of the water channel (13) are connected to the opposite side walls of the first water collecting trough (4) and the second water collecting trough (9).

5. A hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cavity is provided inside the water baffle (6), and the top of the cavity is communicated with the bottom of the first water collecting tank (4).

6. A hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water pump (11) is arranged inside the cavity, a water suction pipe (12) is arranged at the input end of the water pump (11), and an output end of the water pump (11) is fixedly arranged at one end of an irrigation water pipe (8), the other end of the irrigation water pipe (8) is located at the top of the bottom plate (3), and a water outlet hole is opened on a section of the outer wall of the irrigation water pipe (8) located at the upper part of the bottom plate (3).

7. A hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water inlet (18) is provided at the bottom of the water baffle (6) on the side close to the water source, and a closed door (20) is provided on the side of the water inlet (18) close to the cavity, the two ends of the closed door (20) are located on the inner wall of the slide groove (19), the outer walls of the two slide grooves (19) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, the top of the closed door (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope (17), the other end of the connecting rope (17) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the buoyancy ball (16), the bottom of the closed door (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the traction spring (14), and the other end of the traction spring (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity.

8. The hydropower dam slope protection structure for preventing and controlling soil erosion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the water retaining plate (6) is provided with a porous plate (7), and the porous plate (7) is located outside the water inlet (18).

Images