A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas development. The device includes an instrument truck, a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing truck, a fracturing truck and a high-pressure pipeline network. The liquid storage tank, the sand mixing truck, the fracturing truck and the high-pressure pipeline network are connected in sequence. The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing truck is arranged on the side of the fracturing truck through an adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected with the booster output pipe of the fracturing truck through a fastening and monitoring mechanism; the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected with the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure pipeline network through a fastening and monitoring mechanism, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure pipeline network is connected with the wellhead device through a fastening and monitoring mechanism. A negative-pressure sand mixing unit is arranged on the sand mixing truck. The fastening and monitoring mechanism is used for connecting pipelines, reducing the labor intensity and improving the safety at the same time. The negative-pressure sand mixing unit enters the sand mixing tank through the sand scattering component and the stirring shaft, and the feeding is more uniform, improving the sand mixing efficiency. At the same time, a negative-pressure pump is arranged to realize negative-pressure stirring and reduce the amount of bubbles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and particularly to a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for energy and the increasing difficulty of conventional oil and gas resource development, unconventional oil and gas development has received more and more attention. The proportion of unconventional oil and gas in the global energy structure may continue to rise and become an important part of energy supply. Unconventional oil and gas development refers to the exploitation activities of continuous or quasi-continuous aggregated oil and gas resources that cannot obtain natural industrial production with traditional technologies and require new technologies to improve reservoir permeability or fluid viscosity, etc. for economic exploitation. The main types of unconventional oil and gas include tight sandstone oil and gas, shale oil and gas, coalbed methane, etc. The dense reservoir situation requires special exploration and development technologies, such as large-scale fracturing technology. The main equipment for large-scale fracturing construction includes power equipment, fluid transportation equipment, mixing equipment, and monitoring equipment, etc. Among them, the fracturing truck is the core equipment for fracturing construction, mainly composed of an engine, a high-pressure pump, a gearbox, a transmission system, and a control system, etc. The engine provides power, drives the high-pressure pump through the transmission system, and injects the fracturing fluid into the well at high pressure and large displacement to form fractures in the formation. The blender truck is used to uniformly mix the proppant into the fracturing fluid to form a carrying fluid with a certain sand ratio. The sand pump transports the proppant from the sand storage tank to the mixing tank and mixes it fully with the fracturing fluid under the action of the stirring device, and the metering device precisely controls the addition amount of the proppant and the fracturing fluid. The outlet of the fracturing truck is connected to the surface manifold through a high-pressure oil pipe. The surface manifold includes components such as high-pressure tees, four-ways, check valves, control valves, etc. These manifolds distribute and transmit the high-pressure fracturing fluid output by the fracturing truck to ensure that the fracturing fluid can flow stably to the wellhead. The surface manifold is connected to the wellhead device, and the wellhead device mainly includes a Christmas tree, a casing head, a tubing head, etc. The fracturing fluid enters the tubing through the tubing head of the wellhead device and then is transported downward along the tubing. The following problems exist in the existing construction process:

[0003] (1) In order to ensure the safety of high-pressure transportation, each pipe connection needs to be tightened sufficiently. The operator rotates the connector by hammering, with high labor intensity and low efficiency.

[0004] (2) When preparing the carrying fluid, in order to reduce the amount of bubbles in the carrying fluid, defoaming agents are added or slow stirring methods are used, but this increases the cost and reduces the mixing efficiency. At the same time, in the stage of preparing the carrying fluid, after adding the thickener and crosslinking agent, the proppant is added, and the auger is used to convey the sand and the material falls at the same position, resulting in low mixing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, including an instrument vehicle, a liquid storage tank, a sand mixing vehicle, a fracturing vehicle and a high-pressure pipe manifold. The liquid storage tank, the sand mixing vehicle, the fracturing vehicle and the high-pressure pipe manifold are connected in sequence. The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing vehicle is arranged on the side of the fracturing vehicle through an adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the booster output pipe of the fracturing vehicle through a fastening and monitoring mechanism; the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure pipe manifold through a fastening and monitoring mechanism, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure pipe manifold is connected to the wellhead device through a fastening and monitoring mechanism;

[0007] A negative pressure sand mixing unit is arranged on the sand mixing vehicle.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected to a telescopic frame. A rotating disk is installed on the telescopic frame. A height adjusting hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rotating disk. The telescopic end of the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe through a mounting plate. A support hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe;

[0009] The horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder, the rotating disk, the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder and the support hydraulic cylinder are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing vehicle; before the fracturing vehicle enters the working position, the support hydraulic cylinder contracts, so that the support hydraulic cylinder moves away from the mounting plate of the fracturing vehicle, the rotating disk is started, so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe rotates around the rotating disk, so that the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe faces outwards. After the fracturing vehicle is driven to the working position, the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set opposite to the booster output pipe, and the horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder extends to adjust the horizontal position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe, and the support hydraulic cylinder extends to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the fastening and monitoring mechanism includes two annular clamping units. At least one connecting and fastening unit is arranged on each of the two annular clamping units. The oppositely arranged connecting and fastening units are detachably connected, and the connecting and fastening unit is provided with a monitoring sensor;

[0011] The annular clamping unit, the connecting and fastening unit and the monitoring sensor are all electrically connected to a fastening controller, and the fastening controller communicates with the instrument vehicle.

[0012] Preferably, the annular clamping unit includes a fixed ring and a driving ring arranged inside the fixed ring. A spiral driving thread is arranged on one side of the driving ring. Meshing teeth are arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring. The meshing teeth are meshed with a clamping driving motor fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring. A plurality of sliding grooves are opened on the circumferential side of the fixed ring. Clamping blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves. One side of the clamping block is meshed with the spiral driving thread. The top of the clamping block is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating toothed ring is rotatably installed on the fixed ring. The rotating toothed ring is meshed with a fastening driving motor installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring. The fastening driving motor is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate;

[0013] The fastening drive motor and the clamping drive motor are electrically connected to the fastening controller. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the drive ring rotates. Under the action of the spiral drive threads, several clamping blocks move synchronously inwards or outwards. When the clamping blocks move inwards, the tops of the clamping blocks are inserted into the positioning grooves, so that the fixing ring is fixedly installed on the pipeline; when the clamping blocks move outwards, the clamping blocks are disengaged from the positioning grooves, so that the fixing ring is separated from the pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting fastening unit includes a connecting plate. Monitoring sensors are installed on both sides of the connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate is installed on the rotating toothed ring, and the other end of the connecting plate is connected with a connecting hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the connecting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a docking component. The docking component includes a fixed hook. A C-shaped hook tongue is rotatably arranged in the fixed hook through a pin shaft. A self-locking pin is arranged at the tail of the fixed hook. The self-locking pin is oppositely arranged with a top spring on the fixed hook. The top spring is installed on the fixed hook through a U-shaped support. The receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin is oppositely arranged with the C-shaped hook tongue;

[0015] The connecting hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the fastening controller. The connecting hydraulic cylinders of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates extend. After the two C-shaped hook tongues collide, they rotate and hook each other. The C-shaped locking tongue disengages from the receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin. After the C-shaped hook tongue is in place, under the action of the top spring, the self-locking pin enters the fixed hook to limit the C-shaped hook tongue from returning, realizing the connection of the two connecting hydraulic cylinders.

[0016] Preferably, the negative pressure sand mixing unit includes a sand mixing tank. The sand mixing tank is connected with a negative pressure pump. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected with a liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet pipe. A liquid inlet pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected with a fracturing truck through a liquid outlet pipe. A liquid outlet pump is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a sand spreading component is arranged at the top inside the sand mixing tank. The sand spreading component includes a centrifugal disc fixed on the stirring shaft. A number of sand inlet pipes are arranged on the top of the sand mixing tank in a circumferential distribution. The sand inlet pipes are oppositely arranged with the centrifugal disc. The stirring shaft is connected with a stirring drive motor. The stirring drive motor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft, the sand material falls into the centrifugal disc through a number of sand inlet pipes, and the centrifugal disc rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft to throw out the sand material.

[0018] Preferably, the stirring shaft is a hollow shaft. Sand outlet holes are arranged on the circumferential side and the bottom of the hollow shaft. Check valves are arranged on the sand outlet holes. The top of the hollow shaft is connected with a sand hopper through a rotary joint. The hollow shaft is connected with the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump through a rotary joint. An exhaust valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe;

[0019] The exhaust valve and the negative pressure pump are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft, the sand in the sand hopper enters the hollow shaft, and under the pneumatic conveying and centrifugal action of the negative pressure pump, the sand rushes out through the sand outlet holes until the sand addition amount reaches the set value, then the exhaust valve is opened. When a pressure gauge is arranged in the mixing tank and is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck, according to the data of the pressure gauge, the start-stop and power of the negative pressure pump are controlled, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure.

[0020] Preferably, the sand hopper is connected to the sand supply auger on the sand mixing truck, and a filtering mechanism is arranged in the sand hopper. The filtering mechanism includes a filter plate slidably arranged in the sand hopper. The filter plate is connected with a linkage frame. The linkage frame includes a limiting frame. Guide columns are arranged on both sides of the limiting frame, and the guide columns are slidably arranged in the sliding sleeves on the sand hopper. A driving cam is arranged in the limiting frame. The driving cam is arranged on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is installed in the sand hopper, and a grinding wheel is installed on the rotating shaft. The grinding wheel is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger;

[0021] The sand supply auger conveys the sand to the discharge port. During the falling process of the sand, the grinding wheel is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the driving cam to rotate, so that the limiting frame swings reciprocally, driving the filter screen to swing reciprocally.

[0022] Preferably, an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold. The angle adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting disk arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure manifold. The adjusting disk is connected with a jacking hydraulic cylinder. Both the jacking hydraulic cylinder and the adjusting disk are electrically connected to the control terminal of the high-pressure manifold. The control terminal of the high-pressure manifold communicates with the instrument truck;

[0023] After being hoisted and lowered to the set position of the high-pressure manifold, when the jacking hydraulic cylinder extends to make the bottom of the high-pressure manifold away from the ground, start the adjusting disk for angle adjustment. After the angle adjustment is completed, the jacking hydraulic cylinder contracts and the high-pressure manifold is lowered.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the booster output pipe of the fracturing truck, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold is connected to the wellhead device through the fastening monitoring mechanism, realizing automatic fastening of the pipeline fasteners. At the same time, the two annular clamping units between the two pipelines are connected through the connection fastening unit, playing a further connection and protection role, and monitoring sensors are arranged to improve safety.

[0026] (2) The sand enters the mixing tank through the sand dispersing assembly and the stirring shaft, the feeding is more uniform, the sand mixing efficiency is improved, and at the same time, a negative pressure pump is arranged to realize negative pressure stirring and reduce the amount of bubbles.

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing truck of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fastening monitoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an annular clamping unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a driving ring and a fixed ring of the present invention

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a connection fastening unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a docking component of the present invention

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a negative pressure sand mixing unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Reference Signs

[0038] 1. Instrument truck; 2. Liquid storage tank; 3. Sand mixing truck; 31. Negative pressure sand mixing unit; 311. Sand mixing tank; 3111. Liquid inlet pipe; 3112. Liquid inlet pump; 3113. Liquid outlet pipe; 3114. Liquid outlet pump; 312. Negative pressure pump; 32. Sand spreading assembly; 321. Centrifugal disk; 322. Sand inlet pipe; 33. Stirring shaft; 34. Check valve; 35. Sand hopper; 36. Exhaust valve; 37. Pressure gauge; 38. Sand supply auger; 4. Fracturing truck; 41. High-pressure slurry outlet pipe; 42. Boosting output pipe; 5. High-pressure pipe manifold; 51. Slurry inlet pipe; 6. Adjusting mechanism; 61. Horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder; 62. Telescopic frame; 63. Rotary disk; 64. Height adjusting hydraulic cylinder; 65. Mounting plate; 66. Support hydraulic cylinder; 7. Tightening monitoring mechanism; 71. Ring clamping unit; 711. Fixed ring; 7111. Chute; 712. Driving ring; 7121. Spiral driving thread; 7122. Meshing teeth; 713. Clamping driving motor; 714. Clamping block; 715. Rotary gear ring; 716. Tightening driving motor; 72. Connecting and tightening unit; 721. Connecting plate; 722. Connecting hydraulic cylinder; 723. Docking assembly; 7231. Fixed hook; 7232. C-shaped hook tongue; 7233. Self-locking pin; 7234. Ejecting spring; 7235. U-shaped support; 73. Monitoring sensor; 8. Filtering mechanism; 81. Filter plate; 82. Limiting frame; 83. Guide post; 84. Driving cam; 85. Rotating shaft; 86. Grinding wheel; 9. Angle adjusting mechanism; 91. Adjusting disk; 92. Lifting hydraulic cylinder. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0040] The following will describe the implementation manners of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0041] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development includes an instrument truck 1, a liquid storage tank 2, a sand mixer truck 3, a fracturing truck 4, and a high-pressure pipeline network 5. The liquid storage tank 2, the sand mixer truck 3, the fracturing truck 4, and the high-pressure pipeline network 5 are connected in sequence. The instrument truck 1 is used for controlling the above-mentioned equipment, which belongs to the prior art and the specific structure is not limited here.

[0042] The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 of the fracturing truck 4 is arranged on the side of the fracturing truck 4 through an adjusting mechanism 6. As Figure 2 shown, the adjusting mechanism 6 includes a horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder 61. The telescopic end of the horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to a telescopic frame 62. A rotating disk 63 is installed on the telescopic frame 62. A height adjusting hydraulic cylinder 64 is arranged on the rotating disk 63. The telescopic end of the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder 64 is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 through a mounting plate 65. A support hydraulic cylinder 66 is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41. The horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder 61, the rotating disk 63, the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder 64, and the support hydraulic cylinder 66 are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing truck 4. When the fracturing truck 4 is traveling, one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged on the mounting plate 65, and the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged on the mounting plate 65 of the fracturing truck 4, so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is attached to the side of the fracturing truck 4, which is convenient for transportation and driving. Before the fracturing truck 4 enters the working position, the support hydraulic cylinder 66 contracts, so that the support hydraulic cylinder 66 is far away from the mounting plate 65 of the fracturing truck 4. The rotating disk 63 is started, so that the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 rotates around the rotating disk 63, and the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is arranged outward. After the fracturing truck 4 reaches the working position, the height adjusting hydraulic cylinder 64 contracts so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 is opposite to that of the booster output pipe 42, which is convenient for connecting the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the booster output pipe 42. The horizontal adjusting hydraulic cylinder 61 extends to adjust the horizontal position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41, and the support hydraulic cylinder 66 extends to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41, which is convenient for connecting the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the inlet pipe 51 of the high-pressure pipeline network 5.

[0043] In order to improve the assembly efficiency and safety of the pipeline, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the booster output pipe 42 of the fracturing truck 4, the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe 41 and the inlet pipe 51 of the high-pressure pipeline network 5, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure pipeline network 5 and the wellhead device are all connected through a fastening monitoring mechanism 7.

[0044] As Figure 3 shown, the fastening monitoring mechanism 7 includes two annular clamping units 71. A plurality of connection fastening units 72 are arranged on both of the two annular clamping units 71. The opposite connection fastening units 72 are detachably connected. The connection fastening unit 72 is provided with a monitoring sensor 73. The annular clamping unit 71, the connection fastening unit 72, and the monitoring sensor 73 are all electrically connected to a fastening controller. The fastening controller communicates with the instrument truck 1, which is convenient for controlling each fastening monitoring mechanism 7.

[0045] As Figures 4 - 5 shown, the annular clamping unit 71 includes a fixed ring 711 and a driving ring 712 arranged inside the fixed ring 711. A spiral driving thread 7121 is arranged on one side of the driving ring 712, and meshing teeth 7122 are arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring 712. The meshing teeth 7122 are meshed with a clamping driving motor 713 fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711. A plurality of sliding grooves 7111 are formed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711, and clamping blocks 714 are arranged in the sliding grooves 7111. One side of the clamping block 714 is meshed with the spiral driving thread 7121, and the top of the clamping block 714 is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating tooth ring 715 is rotatably installed on the fixed ring 711, and the rotating tooth ring 715 is meshed with a fastening driving motor 716 installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring 711. The fastening driving motor 716 is used to drive the rotating ring to rotate, and during the rotation, the fastener is pushed to rotate to realize the reinforcement of the pipeline connection. The fastening driving motor 716 and the clamping driving motor 713 are electrically connected to a fastening controller. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor, the driving ring 712 rotates. Under the action of the spiral driving thread 7121, a plurality of clamping blocks 714 move inwards or outwards synchronously. When the clamping blocks 714 move inwards, the tops of the clamping blocks 714 are inserted into the positioning groove, restricting the circumferential position and axial position of the fixed ring 711, so that the fixed ring 711 is fixedly installed on the pipeline. When the clamping blocks 714 move outwards, the clamping blocks 714 are separated from the positioning groove, so that the fixed ring 711 is separated from the pipeline, facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the annular clamping unit 71.

[0046] As Figure 6 shown, the connection fastening unit 72 includes a connecting plate 721. Monitoring sensors 73 are installed on both sides of the connecting plate 721. One end of the connecting plate 721 is installed on the rotating tooth ring 715, and the other end of the connecting plate 721 is connected with a connecting hydraulic cylinder 722. The telescopic end of the connecting hydraulic cylinder 722 is provided with a docking assembly 723. As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the docking component 723 includes a fixed hook 7231. Inside the fixed hook 7231, a C-shaped hook tongue 7232 is rotatably arranged through a pin shaft. A self-locking pin 7233 is arranged at the tail of the fixed hook 7231. The self-locking pin 7233 is arranged opposite to the ejector spring 7234 on the fixed hook 7231. The ejector spring 7234 is installed on the fixed hook 7231 through a U-shaped support 7235. The receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin 7233 is arranged opposite to the C-shaped hook tongue 7232. The connecting hydraulic cylinder 722 is electrically connected to the fastening controller. When the connecting hydraulic cylinders 722 of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates 721 extend, the two C-shaped hook tongues 7232 collide and rotate to be hooked to each other. The C-shaped locking tongue disengages from the receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin 7233. After the C-shaped hook tongue 7232 is in place, under the action of the ejector spring 7234, the self-locking pin 7233 enters the fixed hook 7231 to restrict the C-shaped hook tongue 7232 from returning, realizing the connection of the two connecting hydraulic cylinders 722. After the two connecting hydraulic cylinders 722 are connected, the protection of the pipeline interface is realized. When high-pressure leakage or interface cracking occurs, it can prevent the pipeline from moving greatly under the action of high-pressure liquid, prevent the greatly moving pipeline from damaging other equipment, and reduce economic losses.

[0047] At the same time, the monitoring sensor 73 can adopt a pressure sensor or a distance sensor. During operation, when the data collected by the pressure sensor or the distance sensor exceeds the set value, it is determined that there is a loosening situation. After receiving the alarm information, the instrument vehicle 1 stops working for manual inspection and repair.

[0048] A negative-pressure sand mixing unit 31 is arranged on the sand mixing truck 3. As Figure 8 shown, the negative-pressure sand mixing unit 31 includes a sand mixing tank 311. The sand mixing tank 311 is connected with a negative-pressure pump 312. The bottom of the sand mixing tank 311 is connected with the liquid storage tank 2 through a liquid inlet pipe 3111. A liquid inlet pump 3112 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe 3111. The bottom of the sand mixing tank 311 is connected with the fracturing truck 4 through a liquid outlet pipe 3113. A liquid outlet pump 3114 is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 3113. Both the liquid inlet pump 3112 and the liquid outlet pump 3114 are connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck 3 for controlling the inflow and outflow of liquid.

[0049] A sand spreading component 32 is arranged at the top inside the sand mixing tank 311. The sand spreading component 32 includes a centrifugal disk 321 fixed on a stirring shaft 33. A plurality of sand inlet pipes 322 distributed circumferentially are arranged at the top of the sand mixing tank 311. The sand inlet pipes 322 are arranged opposite to the centrifugal disk 321. The stirring shaft 33 is connected with a stirring drive motor. The stirring drive motor is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck 3. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft 33, the sand material falls into the centrifugal disk 321 through the plurality of sand inlet pipes 322. The centrifugal disk 321 rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft 33 to throw out the sand material, and the sand material uniformly enters the sand mixing tank 311, improving the sand mixing efficiency.

[0050] The stirring shaft 33 is a hollow shaft. Sand discharge holes are provided on the circumferential side and bottom of the hollow shaft. One-way valves 34 are arranged on the sand discharge holes. The top of the hollow shaft is connected to the sand hopper 35 through a rotary joint. The hollow shaft is connected to the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump 312 through the rotary joint. An exhaust valve 36 is arranged on the air outlet pipe. The exhaust valve 36 and the negative pressure pump 312 are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck 3. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft 33, the sand in the sand hopper 35 enters the hollow shaft. Under the pneumatic conveying and centrifugal action of the negative pressure pump 312, the sand is flushed out through the sand discharge holes until the sand addition amount reaches the set value. Sand is added in two ways, and both are added in a uniform manner to improve the mixing efficiency. Open the exhaust valve 36. When a pressure gauge 37 is arranged in the mixing tank, the pressure gauge 37 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck 3. According to the data of the pressure gauge 37, the start-stop and power of the negative pressure pump 312 are controlled, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure to reduce the amount of bubbles.

[0051] The sand hopper 35 is connected to the sand supply auger 38 on the sand mixing truck 3. A filtering mechanism 8 is arranged in the sand hopper 35, as Figure 9 shown. The filtering mechanism 8 includes a filter plate 81 slidably arranged in the sand hopper 35. The filter plate 81 is connected with a linkage frame. The linkage frame includes a limit frame 82. Guide columns 83 are arranged on both sides of the limit frame 82. The guide columns 83 are slidably arranged in the sliding sleeves on the sand hopper 35. A driving cam 84 is arranged in the limit frame 82. The driving cam 84 is arranged on a rotating shaft 85. The rotating shaft 85 is installed in the sand hopper 35. A grinding wheel 86 is installed on the rotating shaft 85. The grinding wheel 86 is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger 38. The sand supply auger 38 conveys the sand to the discharge port. During the falling process of the sand, the grinding wheel 86 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 85 to rotate. The rotating shaft 85 drives the driving cam 84 to rotate, so that the limit frame 82 swings reciprocally, driving the filter net to swing reciprocally, improving the filtering effect. And during the reciprocal swing, the agglomerated sand is broken, improving the mixing efficiency.

[0052] An angle adjustment mechanism 9 is arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5. The angle adjustment mechanism 9 includes an adjustment disk 91 arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5. The adjustment disk 91 is connected with a jacking hydraulic cylinder 92. The jacking hydraulic cylinder 92 and the adjustment disk 91 are both electrically connected to the control terminal of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5. The control terminal of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5 communicates with the instrument vehicle 1. After being hoisted and lowered to the set position of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5, when the jacking hydraulic cylinder 92 extends to make the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold 5 away from the ground, start the adjustment disk 91 for angle adjustment. After the angle adjustment is completed, the jacking hydraulic cylinder 92 contracts and the high-pressure pipe manifold 5 is lowered. It is convenient for on-site adjustment, improving safety compared with in-air adjustment.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions of the present invention or make equivalent replacements, and these modifications or equivalent replacements do not enable the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development, comprising an instrument vehicle, a liquid storage tank, a sand mixer truck, a fracturing truck and a high-pressure pipe manifold, wherein the liquid storage tank, the sand mixer truck, the fracturing truck and the high-pressure pipe manifold are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: The high-pressure slurry outlet pipe of the fracturing truck is arranged on the side of the fracturing truck through an adjusting mechanism, and the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the booster output pipe of the fracturing truck through a fastening monitoring mechanism; the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is connected to the slurry inlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold through a fastening monitoring mechanism, and the main slurry outlet pipe of the high-pressure manifold is connected to the wellhead device through a fastening monitoring mechanism; the fastening monitoring mechanism includes two annular clamping units, each of which is provided with at least one connecting fastening unit, and the connecting fastening units arranged in pairs are detachably connected, and the connecting fastening units are provided with monitoring sensors; the annular clamping unit, the connecting fastening unit and the monitoring sensor are all electrically connected to the fastening controller, and the fastening controller communicates with the instrument vehicle; The annular clamping unit comprises a fixed ring and a driving ring arranged in the fixed ring, a spiral driving pattern is arranged on one side of the driving ring, a meshing tooth is arranged on the circumferential side of the driving ring, the meshing tooth is meshed with a clamping driving motor fixed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a plurality of slide grooves are opened on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, a clamping block is arranged in the slide groove, one side of the clamping block is meshed with the spiral driving pattern, and the top of the clamping block is arranged in the positioning groove of the pipeline; a rotating gear ring is rotatably installed on the fixed ring, the rotating gear ring is meshed with a fastening driving motor installed on the circumferential side of the fixed ring, and the fastening driving motor is used to drive the rotating gear ring to rotate; The tightening drive motor and the clamping drive motor are electrically connected to the tightening controller. The drive ring is rotated by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the clamping drive motor. Under the action of the spiral drive pattern, a plurality of clamping blocks are synchronously moved inward or outward. When the clamping block moves inward, the top of the clamping block is inserted into the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is fixedly installed on the pipe; when the clamping block moves outward, the clamping block is separated from the positioning groove, so that the fixing ring is separated from the pipe. The sand mixing truck is provided with a negative pressure sand mixing unit, which includes a sand mixing tank, which is connected to a negative pressure pump. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid inlet pump is provided on the liquid inlet pipe. The bottom of the sand mixing tank is connected to a fracturing truck through a liquid outlet pipe, and a liquid outlet pump is provided on the liquid outlet pipe. A sand spreading assembly is provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand spreading assembly includes a centrifugal disk fixed on a stirring shaft. A plurality of circumferentially distributed sand inlet pipes are provided on the top of the sand mixing tank, and the sand inlet pipes are arranged opposite to the centrifugal disk. The stirring shaft is connected to a stirring drive motor, and the stirring drive motor is electrically connected to a control terminal of the sand mixing truck. During the rotation and stirring process of the stirring shaft, the sand falls into the centrifugal disk through a plurality of sand inlet pipes, and the centrifugal disk rotates synchronously with the stirring shaft to throw the sand out.

2. The fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic frame, a rotating disk is installed on the telescopic frame, a height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rotating disk, the telescopic end of the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe through a mounting plate, and a supporting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe; The horizontal adjustment hydraulic cylinder, the rotary disk, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder, and the support hydraulic cylinder are all electrically connected to the control terminal of the fracturing truck; before the fracturing truck enters the working position, the support hydraulic cylinder contracts, causing the support hydraulic cylinder to move away from the installation plate of the fracturing truck, starting the rotary disk, causing the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe to rotate around the rotary disk, so that the other end of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set outward. After driving the fracturing truck to the working position, the height adjustment hydraulic cylinder contracts so that the height of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe is set opposite to the booster output pipe, the horizontal adjustment hydraulic cylinder extends to adjust the horizontal position of the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe, and the support hydraulic cylinder extends to contact the ground to support the high-pressure slurry outlet pipe.

3. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection fastening unit includes a connecting plate. Monitoring sensors are installed on both sides of the connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate is installed on the rotating gear ring, and the other end of the connecting plate is connected with a connecting hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the connecting hydraulic cylinder is provided with a docking component. The docking component includes a fixed hook. A C-shaped hook tongue is rotatably arranged in the fixed hook through a pin shaft. A self-locking pin is arranged at the tail of the fixed hook. The self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the ejector spring on the fixed hook. The ejector spring is installed on the fixed hook through a U-shaped support. The receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin is arranged opposite to the C-shaped hook tongue. The connecting hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the fastening controller. The connecting hydraulic cylinders of the two symmetrically arranged connecting plates extend. After the two C-shaped hook tongues collide, they rotate and hook each other. The C-shaped locking tongue disengages from the receiving groove at the bottom of the self-locking pin. After the C-shaped hook tongue is in place, under the action of the ejector spring, the self-locking pin enters the fixed hook to limit the C-shaped hook tongue from returning, realizing the connection of the two connecting hydraulic cylinders.

4. A fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring shaft is a hollow shaft. Sand outlet holes are arranged on the circumferential side and the bottom of the hollow shaft. One-way valves are arranged on the sand outlet holes. The top of the hollow shaft is connected to the sand hopper through a rotary joint. The hollow shaft is connected to the air outlet pipe of the negative pressure pump through a rotary joint. An exhaust valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe. The exhaust valve and the negative pressure pump are electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck. During the rotation and stirring of the stirring shaft, the sand in the sand hopper enters the hollow shaft. Under the pneumatic conveying and centrifugal action of the negative pressure pump, the sand rushes out through the sand outlet holes until the sand addition amount reaches the set value, then the exhaust valve is opened. When a pressure gauge is arranged in the mixing tank and the pressure gauge is electrically connected to the control terminal of the sand mixing truck, according to the data of the pressure gauge, the start-stop and power of the negative pressure pump are controlled, so that the mixing tank is stirred and mixed under negative pressure.

5. The fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sand hopper is connected to the sand supply auger on the sand mixing truck. A filtering mechanism is arranged in the sand hopper. The filtering mechanism includes a filter plate slidably arranged in the sand hopper. The filter plate is connected with a linkage frame. The linkage frame includes a limiting frame. Guide columns are arranged on both sides of the limiting frame. The guide columns are slidably arranged in the sliding sleeves on the sand hopper. A driving cam is arranged in the limiting frame. The driving cam is arranged on a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is installed in the sand hopper. A grinding wheel is installed on the rotating shaft. The grinding wheel is arranged opposite to the discharge port of the sand supply auger. The sand supply auger conveys the sand to the discharge port. During the falling process of the sand, the grinding wheel is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the driving cam to rotate, causing the limiting frame to swing reciprocally, driving the filter screen to swing reciprocally.

6. The fracturing construction device for unconventional oil and gas development according to claim 5, characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold. The angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment disk provided at the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold. The adjustment disk is connected to a jacking hydraulic cylinder. Both the jacking hydraulic cylinder and the adjustment disk are electrically connected to the control terminal of the high-pressure pipe manifold. The control terminal of the high-pressure pipe manifold communicates with the instrument vehicle; After being hoisted to the set position of the high-pressure pipe manifold and lowered, when the jacking hydraulic cylinder extends to make the bottom of the high-pressure pipe manifold away from the ground, start the adjustment disk for angle adjustment. After the angle adjustment is completed, the jacking hydraulic cylinder contracts and the high-pressure pipe manifold is lowered.

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