Method for mining phosphorite by cutting and subsequent filling through cantilever type heading machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of phosphorite filling mining, and particularly relates to a cantilever type heading machine cutting subsequent filling phosphorite mining method which comprises the following steps: excavating pseudo-inclined uphill at intervals along the trend to communicate a middle-section transportation roadway and a middle-section air return roadway; sequentially arranging a plurality of pseudo-inclined chambers in the ore blocks; the bottom plate is attached in the length direction of the chamber from the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the chamber or from the auxiliary transportation roadway on the lower portion of the chamber, and a ventilation ore outlet hole is drilled in the lower portion of the chamber; arranging a transfer chamber and a draw shaft at the bottom of the next ore block; mining a room from top to bottom by using a cantilever type heading machine in a manner of mining one by one and filling afterwards, firstly mining the lower drift during mining, and then mining the upper drift; and when each chamber is ventilated, the ventilation direction is the same as the tunneling direction. The method is small in surrounding rock disturbance, good in roadway forming, small in ore lumpiness and good in ventilation effect. According to the method, the multiple ore blocks can be stoped at the same time, the ventilation quality is guaranteed, the ore dust control effect is guaranteed, and the stoping efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of phosphate ore filling mining, and in particular relates to a phosphate ore mining method using a cantilever type tunneling machine to cut and then fill the phosphate ore. Background Art

[0002] The third mining area of ​​Wengfu (Group) Mill Phosphate Mine is located in the southern wing of the mining area. It mines the ore body above the elevation of 1020m in the southern section of the No. Ⅲ ore body. The mining sequence is from bottom to top along the inclination design. The mining sequence of each middle section is: 1020m, 1050m, 1080m, 1110m, 1140m middle section, and the segment height is 30m. The top lithology of the ore body in the third mining area is dolomite, and the bottom lithology is siliceous rock. The ore body in the third mining area has an inclination of 13-20°, an average inclination of 16°, an ore body thickness of 1.18-10.79m, and an average thickness of 4.80m. It is a thin to medium-thick ore body, which is mined in one go without stratification.

[0003] In the early stage, we cooperated with a company to design the mining plan for the three mining areas. You can refer to the patented non-layered tunnel boring machine cutting mining construction method (application number 202211223142.5). This method effectively improves the filling quality of filling materials. This method uses a cantilever tunnel boring machine to dig and drop ore, which reduces the disturbance to the strata and reduces the risk of roof collapse. However, the mine dust generated by the tunnel boring machine is large, the working environment of the workers is poor, and the front line of sight is easily affected by the mine dust when operating the tunnel boring machine, resulting in the inability to accurately cut the ore body according to the designed excavation route. In this working environment, safety accidents are prone to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the technical solution to reduce the mine dust in the construction environment and improve the safety of construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for mining phosphate ore by cutting with a cantilever roadheader and then filling, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: Along the strike, the middle transport tunnel is excavated at the bottom, and the middle return air tunnel is excavated at the top; pseudo-inclined uphill tunnels are excavated at intervals along the strike to connect the middle transport tunnel and the middle return air tunnel, and a ore block is formed between two adjacent pseudo-inclined uphill tunnels, which are numbered in sequence;

[0006] S2: For each ore block, a number of pseudo-inclined mine rooms are arranged in sequence, and the pseudo-inclined mine rooms are in the opposite direction to the pseudo-inclined uphill direction;

[0007] S3: From the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block, an auxiliary transport tunnel is excavated to the left along the strike direction, and the auxiliary transport tunnel is excavated to the boundary of the leftmost mine room. A transport tunnel protection pillar is left between the auxiliary transport tunnel and the middle transport tunnel 3;

[0008] For each mine room, from the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side or from the auxiliary transport tunnel at the bottom, the floor is attached along the length of the mine room and a ventilation hole is drilled in the lower part of the mine room;

[0009] S4: For the second ore block, the ore body in the lowest ore room is mined out and used as a transfer chamber. A transport tunnel protection pillar is left between the transfer chamber and the middle transport tunnel. A chute is constructed in the transport tunnel protection pillar to connect the transfer chamber and the middle transport tunnel.

[0010] S5: The chambers are mined from top to bottom in a one-by-one mining manner. For each chamber, two approaches are used for mining. Both approaches are constructed along the length of the chamber. First, a cantilevered tunneling machine is used to mine the lower approach. The mined ore passes through the ventilation hole and goes up the mountain on the right side of the pseudo slope. Then, it reaches the transfer chamber and is stored in the transfer chamber.

[0011] Then a cantilevered tunnel boring machine is used to mine the upper access from left to right. The mined ore passes through the mined access at the bottom of the mine room to the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right, and then reaches the transfer chamber and is stored in the transfer chamber.

[0012] The ore stored in the transfer chamber is directly transported out through the chute into the ore layer in the middle transport tunnel;

[0013] S6: Filling the mining chamber after mining;

[0014] S7: Mining the second ore block by referring to the mining method of the first ore block, and so on, until all the ore blocks are mined.

[0015] Preferably, a middle section bottom column is left between the middle section transport tunnel and the lower middle section filling body; and a middle section top column is left between the middle section return air tunnel and the upper middle section ore body.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the pseudo-inclined uphill and the strike is 30°; the angle between the pseudo-inclined mine room and the strike is 120°.

[0017] Preferably, the distance between adjacent pseudo-inclined uphill sections is 100-125m; the width of the pseudo-inclined mine room is 10m.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, ventilation holes are drilled in the mine room from top to bottom, and the drilled ore is directly transported up the mountain from the pseudo-inclined lane by a mine car or transported up the mountain from the pseudo-inclined lane to the middle transport lane after passing through the auxiliary transport lane and then transported out.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the air intake route is designed to go from left to right through the middle transport lane to the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air lane.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, a fan is set at the intersection of the auxiliary transport lane and the pseudo-inclined uphill lane on the right side for blowing air.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the air intake route is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill on the left side of the first ore block from left to right through the middle transport tunnel, and then reach the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block after passing through the ventilation exit hole or the mined access road at the bottom, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel.

[0022] Preferably, in step S6, a filling retaining wall is constructed on both sides of the length direction of the mining chamber after mining, and then a filling material is poured into the retaining wall to form a filling body.

[0023] Preferably, in step S6, the filling pipeline goes uphill from the middle transport tunnel or the middle return air tunnel through the pseudo-inclined left side of the first ore block to reach the mine room that needs to be filled.

[0024] Preferably, in step S6, the transfer chamber in the second ore block is filled.

[0025] Preferably, the third block is mined simultaneously with the first block with reference to the mining plan of the first block, and the fourth block is mined simultaneously with the second block with reference to the mining plan of the second block; and so on, until all blocks are mined.

[0026] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Small disturbance to the surrounding rock: The cantilevered tunnel boring machine cutting and subsequent filling mining method replaces the traditional rock drilling and blasting in the mining process and cutting process, avoiding the strong disturbance of the surrounding rock and surface buildings caused by the traditional blasting, and improving the safety of the mining face. Good tunnel forming: The tunnel boring machine head operates at high speed and relies on mechanical rock breaking, so the ore body has a good block size. At the same time, the damage to the top and bottom plates is small. After the tunnel is cut, there will be no large-scale roof collapse. The tunnel forming effect is good, which saves the support cost of the bare tunnel to a certain extent and improves the efficiency of the mining work. Small ore block size: Most of the ore blocks cut by the tunnel boring machine are small-diameter ore blocks, and the ore body block size is better, thus avoiding the ore block crushing process and facilitating transportation.

[0027] 2. Good ventilation effect. By referring to the existing technology and improving it, the technical solution of ventilation holes is introduced, and it is used as both ventilation holes and mine outlet holes, so that the mine dust generated by the cutting of the tunnel boring machine can be discharged from the ventilation mine outlet holes, reducing the mine dust on the excavation working face, improving visibility, improving safety, and improving the working environment of workers. When the upper approach is mined, the lower approach that has been mined is used as both a ventilation lane and a mine outlet lane, which can also reduce the mine dust on the excavation working face, improve visibility, improve safety, and improve the working environment of workers.

[0028] In cooperation with the construction of ventilation mine holes, the ventilation mine holes are used to discharge air when the lower access route is used to drop mines, and the lower access route is used to discharge air when the upper access route is used to drop mines. For this purpose, the present invention also designs better ventilation routes and ore transportation routes to minimize the impact of mine dust on workers.

[0029] 3. The mining method of the present invention can recover multiple ore blocks at the same time, and ensure the ventilation quality and the dust control effect, thereby improving the production capacity of the mine and improving the recovery efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the inclined cross section when mining the a ore layer in the open-pit subsequent filling mining method of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the inclined profile when mining the b ore layer in the open-pit subsequent filling mining method of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure, the lower middle section filling body 1, the middle section bottom pillar (lower middle section top pillar) 2, the middle section transport tunnel 3, the transport tunnel protection pillar 4, the first ore block 51, the second ore block 52, the third ore block 53, the fourth ore block 54, the middle section return air tunnel 6, the middle section top pillar (upper middle section bottom pillar) 7, the upper middle section ore body 8, the ore block that has been mined and filled 9, the mine room 10, the auxiliary transport tunnel 11, the ventilation outlet hole 12, the transfer chamber 13, the chute 14, the pseudo-inclined uphill in the vein 15, the pillar 16, the filling body 17, the tunneling machine 18, and the filling retaining wall 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1-2 The technical scheme of the present invention is further described based on the 1050m middle section of the third mining area of ​​Wengfu (Group) Mofang Phosphate Mine. The average thickness of the ore body in the 1050m middle section is 4.85m, and the average inclination is 15.7°; the 1020m middle section below has been mined using the backfill mining technology, that is, the location of the lower middle section backfill body 1 in the figure, and the 1080m middle section above has not been mined, that is, the location of the upper middle section ore body 8 in the figure.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Taking the middle section of 1050m as an example, the cantilever type roadheader cutting and subsequent filling phosphate mining method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1: Figure 1 As shown, a middle transport tunnel 3 is excavated along the strike direction, and a middle bottom column 2 is left between the middle transport tunnel 3 and the lower middle filling body 1, and the middle bottom column 2 is also the top column of the lower middle section;

[0037] A middle section return airway 6 is excavated along the strike at the top of the middle section, and a middle section top column 7 is left between the middle section return airway 6 and the upper middle section ore body 8. The middle section top column 7 will later serve as the bottom column of the upper middle section;

[0038] A pseudo-inclined uphill 15 is excavated every 125m along the strike to connect the middle transport tunnel 3 and the middle return air tunnel 6. The angle between the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 and the strike of the ore vein is about 30°. A ore block is formed between two adjacent pseudo-inclined uphills 15. The unmined ore blocks from left to right in the definition diagram are the first ore block 51, the second ore block 52, the third ore block 53, the fourth ore block 54 to the nth ore block.

[0039] S2: Figure 1 As shown, for each ore block, a number of pseudo-inclined mine rooms 10 are arranged in sequence, the angle between the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 and the ore vein is about 120°, and the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 is opposite to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 in the pseudo-inclined direction; the width of the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 is 10m;

[0040] S3: Figure 1 As shown, for one of the ore blocks, such as the first ore block 51, an auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is excavated from the pseudo inclined uphill 15 on the right side thereof to the left along the strike, and the auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is excavated to the boundary of a mine room 10 on the leftmost side. The auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is parallel to the middle transport tunnel 3, and a 4m wide transport tunnel protection pillar 4 is left between them;

[0041] For each mine room 10, from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side or from the auxiliary transport lane 11 at the bottom, the bottom plate is attached along the length direction of the mine room and a ventilation hole 12 is drilled at the bottom of the mine room; preferably, the ventilation holes 12 are drilled in the mine room 10 from top to bottom in sequence; the drilled ore is directly transported out by a mine car from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 or from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 to the middle transport lane 3 after passing through the auxiliary transport lane 11;

[0042] The air intake route is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3, providing fresh air for the miners constructing the ventilation outlet hole 12 in the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51, and then the wind flow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6. The auxiliary transport tunnel 11 can be ventilated by setting a fan at the intersection of the auxiliary transport tunnel 11 and the right pseudo-inclined uphill 15 for blowing (at this time, a wind curtain can be set at the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 near the middle transport tunnel 3, and a wind curtain can be set on the middle return air tunnel 6 on the upper side of the first ore block 51. The ventilation outlet hole 12 that has been constructed is temporarily blocked. Since setting a wind curtain to guide the wind flow direction is a conventional technology in the field, it will not be repeated here);

[0043] S4: Figure 1As shown, for the second ore block 52, the ore body in the lowest ore room 10 is mined out to serve as a transfer chamber 13, and a transport tunnel protection pillar 4 is left between the transfer chamber 13 and the middle transport tunnel 3; a chute 14 is constructed in the transport tunnel protection pillar 4 to connect the transfer chamber 13 and the middle transport tunnel 3;

[0044] S5: Figure 2 As shown, the chamber 10 is mined from top to bottom in an alternate mining manner. For each chamber, two approaches are used for mining. Both approaches are constructed along the length direction of the chamber 10. First, the lower approach, that is, the approach where the ventilation outlet hole 12 is located, is mined. A cantilevered tunneling machine 18 is used for mining from left to right. The mined ore passes through the ventilation outlet hole 12 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side, and then reaches the transfer chamber 13 for storage in the transfer chamber 13. The air intake route is designed to pass from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51, and then through the ventilation outlet hole 12 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51, so as to provide fresh air for the miners who dig, drop and transport ore in the chamber 10, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6.

[0045] Then, the upper access is mined, and the cantilevered tunneling machine 18 is used to mine from left to right. The mined ore passes through the access that has been mined in the lower part of the mine room to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side, and then arrives at the transfer chamber 13 and is stored in the transfer chamber 13; the air intake route is designed to pass from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51, and then through the access that has been mined in the lower part of the mine room to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51, so as to provide fresh air for the miners who are digging, dropping and transporting ore in the mine room 10, and then the air flow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6;

[0046] At this time, a wind curtain can be set at the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 near the middle return air lane 6, and a wind curtain can be set at the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 near the middle transport lane 3;

[0047] The ore stored in the transfer chamber 13 is directly transported out of the ore layer in the middle transport tunnel 3 through the chute 14, that is, the mine car only needs to work in the middle transport tunnel 3;

[0048] S6: Figure 2 As shown, after mining the chambers 10 in a one-by-one mining manner, ore pillars 16 are formed between adjacent chambers 10; for the mined chambers 10, filling retaining walls 19 are constructed on both sides of the length direction, and then filling materials are poured into the chambers to form a filling body 17; the filling pipeline is connected from the middle transport tunnel 3 or the middle return air tunnel 6 through the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 to the chamber 10 to be filled;

[0049] The air intake route is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 from the middle transport tunnel 3, and then pass through the mine room 10 being filled to provide fresh air for the miners doing filling work in the mine room 10; then the air flow is led out to the middle return air tunnel 6 by the fan;

[0050] Filling the transfer chamber 13 in the second ore block 52;

[0051] S7: Mining the second ore block 52 with reference to the mining method of the first ore block 51, and so on, until all the ore blocks are mined.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to further improve the mining efficiency or to increase the production capacity, two ore blocks can be mined at the same time by subsequent filling, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the method includes:

[0054] S1: Figure 1 As shown, a middle transport tunnel 3 is excavated along the strike direction, and a middle bottom column 2 is left between the middle transport tunnel 3 and the lower middle filling body 1, and the middle bottom column 2 is also the top column of the lower middle section;

[0055] A middle section return airway 6 is excavated along the strike at the top of the middle section, and a middle section top column 7 is left between the middle section return airway 6 and the upper middle section ore body 8. The middle section top column 7 will later serve as the bottom column of the upper middle section;

[0056] A pseudo-inclined uphill 15 is excavated every 125m along the strike to connect the middle transport tunnel 3 and the middle return air tunnel 6. The angle between the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 and the strike of the ore vein is about 30°. A ore block is formed between two adjacent pseudo-inclined uphills 15. The unmined ore blocks from left to right in the definition diagram are the first ore block 51, the second ore block 52, the third ore block 53, the fourth ore block 54 to the nth ore block.

[0057] S2: Figure 1 As shown, for each ore block, a number of pseudo-inclined mine rooms 10 are arranged in sequence, the angle between the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 and the ore vein is about 120°, and the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 is opposite to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 in the pseudo-inclined direction; the width of the pseudo-inclined mine room 10 is 10m;

[0058] S3: Figure 1 As shown, for the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 52, an auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is excavated from the pseudo inclined uphill 15 on the right side thereof to the left along the strike, and the auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is excavated to the boundary of a mine room 10 on the leftmost side. The auxiliary transport tunnel 11 is parallel to the middle transport tunnel 3, and a 4m wide transport tunnel protection pillar 4 is left between them;

[0059] For each mine room 10, from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side or from the auxiliary transport lane 11 at the bottom, the bottom plate is attached along the length direction of the mine room and a ventilation hole 12 is drilled at the bottom of the mine room; preferably, the ventilation holes 12 are drilled in the mine room 10 from top to bottom in sequence; the drilled ore is directly transported out by a mine car from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 or from the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 to the middle transport lane 3 after passing through the auxiliary transport lane 11;

[0060] The air intake route of the first ore block 51 is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53 from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3, so as to provide fresh air for the miners who are constructing the ventilation holes 12 in the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, and then the air flow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6. For the ventilation of the auxiliary transport tunnel 11, a fan can be set at the intersection of the auxiliary transport tunnel 11 and the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side for blowing air;

[0061] At this time, a wind curtain can be set up near the middle transport tunnel 3 on the pseudo inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, and a wind curtain can be set up on the middle return air tunnel 6 on the upper side of the first ore block 51, and the completed ventilation outlet hole 12 is temporarily blocked. Since setting a wind curtain to guide the wind flow direction is a conventional technology in the field, it will not be repeated here;

[0062] S4: Figure 1 As shown, for the second ore block 52 and the fourth ore block 54, the ore bodies in the lowest ore room 10 are mined out to serve as the transfer chamber 13, and a transport tunnel protection pillar 4 is left between the transfer chamber 13 and the middle transport tunnel 3; a chute 14 is constructed in the transport tunnel protection pillar 4 to connect the transfer chamber 13 and the middle transport tunnel 3;

[0063] S5: For the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, the chamber 10 is mined from top to bottom in an alternate mining manner. For each chamber, two approaches are used for mining, and both approaches are constructed along the length direction of the chamber 10. First, the lower approach, that is, the approach where the ventilation outlet hole 12 is located, is mined, and a cantilevered tunneling machine 18 is used for mining from left to right. The mined ore passes through the ventilation outlet hole 12 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side, and then reaches the transfer chamber 13 and is stored in the transfer chamber 13; the air intake route is designed to pass from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, and then through the ventilation outlet hole 12 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, so as to provide fresh air for the miners who dig, drop and transport ore in the chamber 10, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6;

[0064] Then, the upper access is mined, and the cantilevered tunneling machine 18 is used to mine from left to right. The mined ore passes through the access that has been mined in the lower part of the mine room to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side, and then reaches the transfer chamber 13 and is stored in the transfer chamber 13; the air intake route is designed to pass from left to right through the middle transport tunnel 3 to the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, and then passes through the access that has been mined in the lower part of the mine room to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, so as to provide fresh air for the miners who are digging, dropping and transporting ore in the mine room 10, and then the air flow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel 6;

[0065] At this time, a wind curtain can be set at the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53 near the middle return air lane 6, and a wind curtain can be set at the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the right side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53 near the middle transport lane 3;

[0066] The ore stored in the transfer chamber 13 is directly transported out of the ore layer in the middle transport tunnel 3 through the chute 14, that is, the mine car only needs to work in the middle transport tunnel 3;

[0067] S6: Figure 2 As shown, for the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53, after the chambers 10 are mined in a one-by-one mining manner, ore pillars 16 are formed between the adjacent mined chambers 10; for the mined chambers 10, filling retaining walls 19 are constructed on both sides of the length direction, and then filling materials are poured into the chambers to form a filling body 17; the filling pipeline is from the middle transport tunnel 3 or the middle return air tunnel 6 through the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 to reach the chamber 10 to be filled;

[0068] The air intake route is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill 15 on the left side of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block 53 from the middle transport tunnel 3, and then pass through the mine room 10 being filled to provide fresh air for the miners doing filling work in the mine room 10; then the air flow is led out to the middle return air tunnel 6 by the fan;

[0069] Fill the transfer chamber 13 in the second ore block 52 and the fourth ore block 54.

[0070] S7: Mining the second ore block 52 and the fourth ore block 54 with reference to the mining method of the first ore block 51 and the third ore block, and so on, until all the ore blocks are mined.

[0071] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive other various forms of methods under the inspiration of the present invention. Any technical solution that is the same or similar to that of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for mining phosphate ore by cutting with a cantilevered roadheader followed by backfilling, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Along the strike, the middle transport tunnel is excavated at the bottom, and the middle return air tunnel is excavated at the top; pseudo-inclined uphill tunnels are excavated at intervals along the strike to connect the middle transport tunnel and the middle return air tunnel, and a ore block is formed between two adjacent pseudo-inclined uphill tunnels, which are numbered in sequence; S2: For each ore block, a number of pseudo-inclined mine rooms are arranged in sequence, and the pseudo-inclined mine rooms are in the opposite direction to the pseudo-inclined uphill direction; S3: From the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block, an auxiliary transport tunnel is excavated to the left along the strike direction, and the auxiliary transport tunnel is excavated to the boundary of the leftmost mine room. A transport tunnel protection pillar is left between the auxiliary transport tunnel and the middle transport tunnel 3; For each mine room, from the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side or from the auxiliary transport tunnel at the bottom, the floor is attached along the length of the mine room and a ventilation hole is drilled in the lower part of the mine room; S4: For the second ore block, the ore body in the lowest ore room is mined out and used as a transfer chamber. A transport tunnel protection pillar is left between the transfer chamber and the middle transport tunnel. A chute is constructed in the transport tunnel protection pillar to connect the transfer chamber and the middle transport tunnel. S5: The chambers are mined from top to bottom in a one-by-one mining manner. For each chamber, two approaches are used for mining. Both approaches are constructed along the length of the chamber. First, a cantilevered tunneling machine is used to mine the lower approach. The mined ore passes through the ventilation hole and goes up the mountain on the right side of the pseudo slope. Then, it reaches the transfer chamber and is stored in the transfer chamber. Then a cantilevered tunnel boring machine is used to mine the upper access from left to right. The mined ore passes through the mined access at the bottom of the mine room to the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right, and then reaches the transfer chamber and is stored in the transfer chamber. The ore stored in the transfer chamber is directly transported out through the chute into the ore layer in the middle transport tunnel; S6: Filling the mining chamber after mining; S7: Mining the second ore block by referring to the mining method of the first ore block, and so on, until all the ore blocks are mined.

2. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle section bottom column is reserved between the middle section transport tunnel and the lower middle section filling body; a middle section top column is reserved between the middle section return air tunnel and the upper middle section ore body.

3. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the pseudo-inclined uphill and the strike is 30°; the angle between the pseudo-inclined mine room and the strike is 120°; the spacing between adjacent pseudo-inclined uphills is 100-125m; the width of the pseudo-inclined mine room is 10m.

4. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, ventilation holes are drilled in the mine room from top to bottom in sequence, and the drilled ore is directly transported up the mountain from the pseudo-inclined lane by a mine car or transported up the mountain from the pseudo-inclined lane to the middle transport lane after passing through the auxiliary transport lane and then transported out.

5. The phosphate mining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the air intake route is designed to go from left to right through the middle transport lane to the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air lane; a fan is set at the intersection of the auxiliary transport lane and the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side for blowing.

6. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the air intake route is designed to reach the pseudo-inclined uphill on the left side of the first ore block from left to right through the middle transport tunnel, and then reach the pseudo-inclined uphill on the right side of the first ore block after passing through the ventilation exit hole or the mined access road at the bottom, and then the airflow is discharged to the right through the middle return air tunnel.

7. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, a filling retaining wall is constructed on both sides of the length direction of the mining room after mining, and then filling materials are poured into the retaining wall to form a filling body.

8. The phosphate mining method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S6, the filling pipeline goes uphill from the middle transport tunnel or the middle return air tunnel through the pseudo-inclined left side of the first ore block to reach the mine room that needs to be filled.

9. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the transfer chamber in the second ore block is filled.

10. The phosphate mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third block is mined simultaneously with the first block by referring to the mining plan of the first block, and the fourth block is mined simultaneously with the second block by referring to the mining plan of the second block; and so on, until all the blocks are mined.

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