Method for adjusting running state of indirect precooling engine

Abstract

The invention discloses an indirect precooling engine running state adjusting method which comprises the steps that the flow of fuel entering a fuel inlet of a gas compressor hydrogen turbine is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of first adjusting valves installed on first fuel pipelines, the power and flow of a helium gas compressor are adjusted, and the heat capacity flow rate of a regenerator is indirectly adjusted; by adjusting the opening degree of a second adjusting valve installed on a second fuel pipeline, the flow of fuel entering a hydrogen turbine of the fuel pump is adjusted, the flow of the fuel pump is adjusted, the flow of fuel entering a low-temperature end inlet of the regenerator is adjusted, the heat capacity flow rate of the regenerator is adjusted, and then the outlet pressure of the helium compressor is indirectly adjusted; by adjusting the opening degree of each adjusting valve, the running state parameters of the engine in the running process are changed, meanwhile, matching of the heat capacity flow rate of the regenerator is considered, and then effective gradient utilization of energy of the multi-branch pre-cooling engine is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of indirect precooling engine regulation, and in particular relates to a method for regulating the operating state of an indirect precooling engine. Background Art

[0002] The precooling engine is a type of combined cycle engine with a wide speed range and high specific impulse. The indirect precooling engine exchanges the heat of the cold source and the high-temperature incoming flow through supercritical helium in a closed cycle, which can avoid the hydrogen embrittlement problem caused by direct heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and the incoming flow.

[0003] The indirect precooling engine introduces a multi-branch closed intermediate cycle, which improves the cascade utilization of the fuel heat sink and effectively reduces the consumption of precooling fuel. However, the multi-branch closed intermediate cycle inevitably increases the complexity of the engine's working process, making the coupling between the engine's various flow paths tighter; at the same time, the indirect precooling engine will operate at a non-design point within a considerable operating range. In addition, the engine's complex working principle and the unconventional components it relies on for operation make it difficult to adjust the engine's operating state due to the complexity of the multi-branch closed intermediate cycle and the coupling between the various flow paths. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an indirect precooling engine operating state adjustment method, which can effectively adjust the engine operating state parameters and solve the problem that the engine operating state is difficult to adjust due to the complexity of the multi-branch closed intermediate cycle and the coupling between the flow paths.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect precooling engine, the indirect precooling engine comprising: A plurality of compressor hydrogen turbines connected in series are each provided with a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, each compressor hydrogen turbine is coaxially connected to a helium compressor, and the inlet of each helium compressor is connected to the high-temperature end outlet of the corresponding regenerator; the fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine is connected to the low-temperature end outlet of the regenerator corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine through a total fuel pipeline, and the fuel inlet and fuel outlet of each compressor hydrogen turbine are connected to each other through a first fuel pipeline; The fuel pump hydrogen turbine has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, wherein the fuel inlet is connected to the fuel outlet of the first compressor hydrogen turbine and the first fuel pipeline, and the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine is connected to the fuel inlet via a second fuel pipeline; Adjustment methods include: By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve installed on each first fuel pipeline, the fuel flow rate entering the fuel inlet of the compressor hydrogen turbine is adjusted, and the power and flow rate of the helium compressor are adjusted, and the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator is indirectly adjusted; By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of the fuel entering the hydrogen turbine of the fuel pump is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel pump is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel entering the low-temperature end inlet of the corresponding regenerator is adjusted, and the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator is adjusted, and the outlet pressure of the helium compressor is indirectly adjusted.

[0006] Furthermore, the indirect precooling engine further comprises: a precombustion chamber, the precombustion chamber having a fuel inlet, an air inlet and a gas outlet, the fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber being connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine, the air inlet thereof being connected to the outlet of the air compressor, and the gas outlet thereof being connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater, the precombustion chamber being used for precombusting the fuel and then transporting it to the reheater, and exchanging heat with the low-temperature helium working medium from the precooler in the reheater before entering the main combustion chamber; Adjustment methods also include: By adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve installed on the fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber, the flow rate of the fuel entering the precombustion chamber is adjusted, the combustion temperature of the precombustion chamber is adjusted, the heat exchange of the reheater is adjusted, and the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine is indirectly adjusted.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes: By adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve installed on the working fluid pipeline at the inlet of the helium turbine, the flow rate of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine or the pressure drop ratio of the helium turbine is adjusted, and the output power of the helium turbine is adjusted, and the reduced speed of the air compressor is adjusted.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: By adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve installed on the fuel pipeline at the inlet of the main combustion chamber, the flow rate of the fuel entering the main combustion chamber is adjusted, and the temperature of the main combustion chamber and the equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber are adjusted.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention adjusts the opening of each regulating valve to change the operating state parameters of the engine during operation, while taking into account the matching of the heat capacity flow rate of the regenerator, thereby realizing the effective cascade utilization of the energy of the multi-branch precooling engine, and finally achieving the on-demand adjustment of the engine operating state; The present invention adjusts the speed and power of the helium compressor by setting a first regulating valve, thereby affecting the total flow of the intermediate helium cycle, so as to adjust the heat capacity flow rate ratio between the high temperature end and the low temperature end of the regenerator. At this time, the power required by the helium compressor is relatively small, so only part of the flow characteristics are lost to achieve the purpose of regulation; The present invention adjusts the speed and power of the fuel pump by setting a second regulating valve, thereby changing the fuel flow rate input into the hydrogen turbine of the fuel pump; and indirectly affects the maximum pressure of the intermediate cycle through the transmission relationship between the cycle parameters. At this time, the power required by the fuel pump is relatively small, so only part of the fuel flow characteristics are lost to achieve the purpose of regulation; The present invention adjusts the fuel flow entering the pre-combustion chamber by setting a third regulating valve, thereby achieving effective regulation of the inlet temperature of the helium turbine, so that the helium turbine operates within a safe range; the present invention adjusts the reduced speed of the air compressor or the power of the helium turbine by setting a fourth regulating valve, and meets the system regulation requirements with a smaller total pressure loss; the present invention adjusts the equivalence ratio or temperature of the main combustion chamber by setting a fifth regulating valve, so that the temperature of the main combustion chamber does not exceed the maximum allowable value, thereby allowing the engine to operate within a safe range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed diagram of the principle of the present invention.

[0011] Among them: 10, first regulating valve; 11, second regulating valve; 12, third regulating valve; 13, fourth regulating valve; 14, fifth regulating valve; 15, precooler; 16, helium compressor; 17, regenerator; 18, helium turbine; 19, compressor hydrogen turbine; 20, fuel pump hydrogen turbine; 21, air compressor; 22, precombustion chamber; 23, reheater; 24, main combustion chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0014] The present invention discloses a method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect precooling engine. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the indirect precooling engine includes: a plurality of compressor hydrogen turbines 19 , a fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 , and a precombustion chamber 22 connected in series.

[0015] Each compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is coaxially connected to a helium compressor 16, and the inlet of each helium compressor 16 is connected to the high-temperature end outlet of the corresponding regenerator 17; the fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is connected to the low-temperature end outlet of the regenerator 17 corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine 19 through the main fuel pipeline, and the fuel inlet and fuel outlet of each compressor hydrogen turbine 19 are connected to each other through the first fuel pipeline. The compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is used to rotate under the drive of fuel, and then drive the helium compressor 16 coaxially connected thereto, so that the helium compressor 16 rotates, and then drives the helium working medium to flow into the precooler 15.

[0016] The fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 has a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet. The fuel inlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 is connected to the fuel outlet of the first compressor hydrogen turbine 19 and the first fuel pipeline. The fuel outlet and the fuel inlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 are connected through the second fuel pipeline. The fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 is used to rotate under the drive of the fuel, and then drive the fuel pump coaxially connected thereto, so that the fuel pump sends the fuel in the fuel tank into the regenerator 17, and then enters the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 again after passing through the regenerator 17.

[0017] The air inlet of the air compressor 21 is connected to the heat source outlet of the precooler 15, and the air compressor 21 is used to transport the cooled air to the precombustion chamber 22 after compression. The heat source inlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the external air flow, the cold source inlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the outlet of the helium compressor 16, and the cold source outlet of the precooler 15 is connected to the cold source inlet of the reheater 23.

[0018] The inlet of the helium turbine 18 is connected to the cold source outlet of the reheater 23 , the heat source inlet of the reheater 23 is connected to the outlet of the pre-combustion chamber 22 , and the heat source outlet of the reheater 23 is connected to the main combustion chamber 24 .

[0019] The high temperature end inlet of the regenerator 17 is connected to the outlet of the helium turbine 18 , the low temperature end inlet of the regenerator 17 is connected to the outlet of the fuel pump, and the low temperature end outlet of the regenerator 17 is connected to the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 .

[0020] The precombustion chamber 22 has a fuel inlet, an air inlet and a gas outlet. The fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber 22 is connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20, the air inlet of the precombustion chamber 22 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 21, and the gas outlet of the precombustion chamber 22 is connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater 23. The precombustion chamber 22 is used to precombust the fuel and then transport it to the reheater 23, and after heat exchange with the low-temperature helium working medium from the precooler 15 in the reheater 23, it enters the main combustion chamber 24.

[0021] Air-breathing mode of an indirect precooled engine: As for the air flow path, the air is compressed by the air inlet and enters the precooler 15 , is cooled by the low-temperature helium working medium, enters the air compressor 21 to be pressurized to the combustion chamber pressure level, and enters the precombustion chamber 22 for combustion.

[0022] For the hydrogen flow path, liquid hydrogen is transported from the fuel storage tank to the regenerator 17 by the fuel pump, and then drives the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 and the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 in turn, and then is split. One part enters the outer duct, and the other part enters the pre-combustion chamber 22 to burn and generate high-temperature combustion gas. The helium working fluid flowing out of the precooler 15 is further heated by the reheater 23 and then enters the main combustion chamber 24. After secondary combustion with the fuel, it enters the tail nozzle to do work and generate thrust.

[0023] For the helium flow path, the helium working fluid at the cold source outlet of the reheater 23 enters the helium turbine 18 to perform work, then enters the regenerator 17 to exchange heat with the hydrogen fuel for cooling, and then is pressurized to the initial temperature and pressure by the helium compressor 16 and enters the reheater 23 to restart the cycle.

[0024] Adjustment methods include: By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve 10 installed on each first fuel pipeline, the fuel flow entering the fuel inlet of the compressor hydrogen turbine 19 is adjusted, and the power and flow of the helium compressor 16 are adjusted, thereby indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator 17.

[0025] By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve 11 installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of the fuel entering the fuel pump hydrogen turbine 20 is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel pump is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel entering the low-temperature end inlet of the corresponding regenerator 17 is adjusted, and the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator 17 is adjusted, and the outlet pressure of the helium compressor 16 is indirectly adjusted.

[0026] By adjusting the opening of the third regulating valve 12 installed on the fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber 22, the flow rate of the fuel entering the precombustion chamber 22 is adjusted, and the combustion temperature of the precombustion chamber 22 is adjusted, and the heat exchange of the reheater 23 is adjusted, and the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine 18 is indirectly adjusted.

[0027] By adjusting the opening of the fourth regulating valve 13 installed at the inlet of the helium turbine 18, the flow rate of the helium working medium entering the helium turbine 18 or the pressure drop ratio of the helium turbine 18 is adjusted, and the output power of the helium turbine 18 is adjusted, and the equivalent speed of the air compressor 21 is adjusted.

[0028] By adjusting the opening of the fifth regulating valve 14 installed on the fuel pipeline at the inlet of the main combustion chamber 24, the flow rate of the fuel entering the main combustion chamber 24 is adjusted, and the temperature of the main combustion chamber 24 and the equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber 24 are adjusted.

[0029] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the operating state of an indirect precooling engine, characterized in that: The indirect precooling engine comprises: A plurality of compressor hydrogen turbines (19) connected in series, each having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, each of the compressor hydrogen turbines (19) being coaxially connected to a helium compressor (16), and the inlet of each of the helium compressors (16) being connected to a high-temperature end outlet of a corresponding regenerator (17); the fuel inlet of the last compressor hydrogen turbine (19) being connected to a low-temperature end outlet of the regenerator (17) corresponding to the first compressor hydrogen turbine (19) through a main fuel pipeline, and the fuel inlet and fuel outlet of each compressor hydrogen turbine (19) being connected to each other through a first fuel pipeline; A fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, wherein the fuel inlet is connected to the fuel outlet of the first compressor hydrogen turbine (19) and the first fuel pipeline, and the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) is connected to the fuel inlet via a second fuel pipeline; The adjustment method comprises: By adjusting the opening of the first regulating valve (10) installed on each of the first fuel pipelines, the fuel flow rate entering the fuel inlet of the compressor hydrogen turbine (19) is adjusted, and the power and flow rate of the helium compressor (16) are adjusted, thereby indirectly adjusting the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator (17); By adjusting the opening of the second regulating valve (11) installed on the second fuel pipeline, the flow rate of the fuel entering the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20) is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel pump is adjusted, and the flow rate of the fuel entering the low-temperature end inlet of the corresponding regenerator (17) is adjusted, and the heat capacity flow rate of the corresponding regenerator (17) is adjusted, and the outlet pressure of the helium compressor (16) is indirectly adjusted.

2. The indirect precooling engine operating state adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indirect precooling engine further comprises: a precombustion chamber (22), the precombustion chamber (22) having a fuel inlet, an air inlet and a gas outlet, the fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber (22) being connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel pump hydrogen turbine (20), the air inlet of the precombustion chamber (22) being connected to the outlet of the air compressor (21), and the gas outlet of the precombustion chamber (22) being connected to the heat source inlet of the reheater (23), the precombustion chamber (22) being used to precombust the fuel and then transport it to the reheater (23), and to exchange heat with the low-temperature helium working medium from the precooler (15) in the reheater (23) before entering the main combustion chamber (24); The adjustment method further comprises: By adjusting the opening of a third regulating valve (12) installed on a fuel pipeline at the fuel inlet of the precombustion chamber (22), the flow rate of the fuel entering the precombustion chamber (22) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the combustion temperature of the precombustion chamber (22), thereby adjusting the heat exchange of the reheater (23), and thereby indirectly adjusting the temperature of the helium working fluid entering the helium turbine (18).

3. The indirect precooling engine operating state adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: By adjusting the opening of a fourth regulating valve (13) installed at the inlet of the helium turbine (18), the flow rate of the helium working medium entering the helium turbine (18) or the pressure drop ratio of the helium turbine (18) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the output power of the helium turbine (18) and adjusting the reduced speed of the air compressor (21).

4. The indirect precooling engine operating state adjustment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: By adjusting the opening of a fifth regulating valve (14) installed on the fuel pipeline at the inlet of the main combustion chamber (24), the flow rate of fuel entering the main combustion chamber (24) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the temperature of the main combustion chamber (24) and the equivalence ratio of the main combustion chamber (24).

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