Evaporator

Abstract

The invention provides an evaporator which is a vertical evaporator and comprises a shell (101), a plurality of heat exchange pipes (208) and an oil purification assembly, the shell (101) comprises a heat exchange pipe containing cavity (205), and a refrigerant inlet (111) and a refrigerant outlet (121) are formed in the shell (101); the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208) are arranged in the heat exchange tube accommodating cavity (205) and extend along the height direction of the evaporator; the oil purification assembly comprises an oil separation cavity (206) and a first heating device (145), the oil separation cavity (206) is arranged in the shell (101) and is close to the bottom of the heat exchange tube containing cavity (205), the oil separation cavity (206) is communicated with the heat exchange tube containing cavity (205), and the first heating device (145) is configured to be capable of heating a refrigerant in the oil separation cavity (206). The evaporator has high heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to an evaporator, in particular to a vertical evaporator. Background Art

[0002] The traditional refrigeration system has an evaporator, a condenser, a throttling device and a compressor. When the low-temperature refrigerant liquid passes through the evaporator, it exchanges heat with the outside world, absorbs the heat from the outside world, and thus reduces the outside temperature to achieve the refrigeration effect. The outside world can be air, water or other refrigerants. After the heat exchange, the refrigerant liquid vaporizes and becomes a gaseous refrigerant that enters the compressor. The heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is affected by many factors. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an evaporator, which is a vertical evaporator and includes: a shell, a plurality of heat exchange tubes and an oil purification component, the shell includes a heat exchange tube cavity, and a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet are provided on the shell; the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the heat exchange tube cavity and extend along the height direction of the evaporator; the oil purification component includes an oil separation cavity and a first heating device, the oil separation cavity is arranged in the shell and close to the bottom of the heat exchange tube cavity, the oil separation cavity is communicated with the heat exchange tube cavity, and the first heating device is configured to heat the refrigerant in the oil separation cavity.

[0004] As described above, the evaporator, the oil purifier also includes a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank includes a liquid storage tank liquid inlet and a liquid storage tank liquid outlet, the liquid storage tank liquid inlet is connected to the oil separation chamber, the liquid storage tank liquid inlet is higher than the liquid storage tank liquid outlet, and higher than the oil separation chamber; the liquid storage tank includes a liquid storage tank gas inlet and a liquid storage tank gas outlet, the liquid storage tank gas inlet is connected to the oil separation chamber, and the liquid storage tank gas outlet is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator.

[0005] As described above, the evaporator comprises a partition, which is arranged around the plurality of heat exchange tubes and connected to the shell, and the oil separation chamber is enclosed between the partition and the shell; a partition channel is provided on the partition, and the oil separation chamber is connected with the heat exchange tube cavity through the partition channel; the height of the partition channel is lower than the top of the oil separation chamber.

[0006] As for the evaporator described above, the first heating device includes a heating pipe, which is arranged at the lower part of the oil separation chamber and communicated with the high-pressure side of the air-conditioning system so that high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant liquid can enter the heating pipe.

[0007] In the evaporator as described above, the oil separation chamber comprises a guide channel, the guide channel is spirally arranged along the circumferential direction, the heating tube is arranged in the guide channel; one end of the guide channel is connected to the heat exchange tube cavity.

[0008] As described above, the evaporator includes a drainage hood and a refrigerant inlet channel, the drainage hood is arranged between the plurality of heat exchange tubes and the shell, and is arranged around the plurality of heat exchange tubes, the refrigerant inlet channel is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and extends and passes through the drainage hood, the drainage hood is configured to guide the refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant inlet channel into the interior of the drainage hood, and then flow from between the drainage hood and the shell to the refrigerant outlet; the drainage hood extends obliquely outward from the top of the heat exchange tube cavity from top to bottom, so that the inner diameter of the drainage hood gradually increases from top to bottom, and the distance between the drainage hood and the shell gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the refrigerant outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell.

[0009] As described above, the evaporator includes a plurality of distributors, and the plurality of distributors are arranged along the height direction of the evaporator. Each of the distributors includes a plurality of distribution channels, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes can pass through the plurality of distribution channels. The inner diameter of each distribution channel is larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding heat exchange tube so that the fluid can pass through the gap between the distribution channel and the corresponding heat exchange tube.

[0010] As described above, in the evaporator, each of the plurality of distributors comprises a main body and a side edge, wherein the side edge extends upward from the edge of the main body so that the distributor can accumulate liquid, and each of the plurality of distributors is provided with an overflow pipe, which is higher than the main body; the distribution channel comprises a plurality of recesses, which extend outward from the inner wall of the distribution channel; the distribution channel comprises an inclined surface extending obliquely from top to bottom toward the corresponding heat exchange tube to guide the flow of fluid.

[0011] In the evaporator as described above, a plurality of refrigerant outlets are provided on the shell, and the plurality of refrigerant outlets are arranged along the circumferential direction of the shell.

[0012] As described above, the evaporator includes a second heating device, which is arranged at the bottom of the evaporator. The second heating device is configured to be turned on at a low temperature and when the evaporator is shut down to prevent the plurality of heat exchange tubes from freezing and cracking; the bottom of the evaporator includes a reflux space connected to the plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the second heating device is arranged in the reflux space; wherein the second heating device is an electric heating device.

[0013] The evaporator in the present application has an oil purification component, which includes an oil separation chamber, a first heating device and a liquid storage tank. The first heating device can increase the oil content of the refrigerant in the oil separation chamber. The refrigerant with a high oil content can enter the liquid storage tank and be transported to the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator through the liquid storage tank, thereby reducing the oil concentration in the refrigerant that exchanges heat with the heat exchange tubes in the evaporator to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator.

[0014] The evaporator in the present application has a second heating device, which can heat the refrigerant fluid when the evaporator is shut down to prevent the heat exchange tubes from freezing and cracking.

[0015] The evaporator in the present application has a truncated cone-shaped flow guide cover, which can guide the refrigerant to flow downward first and then upward, and the truncated cone-shaped setting can change the flow rate of the refrigerant fluid, making the liquid refrigerant easy to settle, thereby improving the suction liquid.

[0016] The evaporator in the present application has a distribution device, including a plurality of distributors, which can evenly distribute the refrigerant liquid to the wall of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange tube is effectively in contact with the refrigerant.

[0017] The evaporator in the present application has a plurality of refrigerant outlets, and the plurality of refrigerant outlets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can improve the problem of liquid inhalation caused by excessive local flow velocity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1A is a perspective view of the evaporator in the present application;

[0019] Figure 1B yes Figure 1A A top view of the evaporator from above;

[0020] Figure 1C yes Figure 1A Exploded view of the evaporator;

[0021] Figure 2A The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B Sectional view cut along line AA;

[0022] Figure 2B The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B Sectional view cut along the midline BB;

[0023] Figure 2C The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B Sectional view cut along the CC line;

[0024] Figure 3A yes Figure 1C A perspective view of the central partition device;

[0025] Figure 3B yes Figure 3A A three-dimensional view of the central partition device from another angle;

[0026] Figure 3C yes Figure 3A A radial cross-sectional view of the central partition;

[0027] Figure 4A yes Figure 2A A three-dimensional view of the middle distributor.

[0028] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A three-dimensional image of a dispenser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Various specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings that form a part of this specification. It should be understood that although terms indicating directions, such as "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "positive", "negative", "proximal", "distal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., are used in the present application to describe various example structural parts and elements of the present application, these terms are used here only for the purpose of convenience of description, and these terms are determined based on the exemplary orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. Since the embodiments disclosed in the present application can be set in different directions, these terms indicating directions are only for illustration and should not be regarded as limitations.

[0030] Figure 1A is a three-dimensional diagram of the evaporator in this application, Figure 1B yes Figure 1A The evaporator is viewed from above. Figure 1C yes Figure 1A Exploded view of the evaporator. Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the evaporator includes an evaporator body 110 and a liquid storage tank 140. The evaporator body 110 and the liquid storage tank 140 are connected through a pipeline. The evaporator body 110 is roughly cylindrical and distributed along the axial direction. The axial direction of the body is the height direction of the evaporator 100. The shell is provided with refrigerant inlets 111 and 112, refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123, and a secondary coolant inlet 151 and a secondary coolant outlet 152. The refrigerant inlets 111 and 112 are arranged along the height direction of the shell 101, and the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the shell 101. The liquid storage tank 140 is connected to the interior of the shell 101 through a pipeline.

[0031] like Figure 1CAs shown, the evaporator body 110 includes a shell 101, a first tube sheet 181, a second tube sheet 182, a heat exchange tube bundle 190, a drainage cover 160, a distribution device 170, a partition device 150, a first heating device 145 and a second heating device 146. The shell 101 includes a barrel 173, a first tube box 171 and a second tube box 172. The first tube sheet 181 is arranged between the barrel 173 and the first tube box 171, and the second tube sheet 182 is arranged between the barrel 173 and the second tube box 172. The heat exchange tube bundle 190, the drainage cover 160, the distribution device 170, the partition device 150 and the first heating device 145 are arranged in the shell 101 and are located between the first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182. Both ends of the heat exchange tube bundle 190 are connected to the first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182, and the drainage cover 160 and the partition device 150 are arranged around the heat exchange tube bundle 190. The heat exchange tube bundle 190 passes through the distribution device 170 . At least a portion of the first heating device 145 is located in the partition device 150 , and at least a portion of the second heating device 146 is located in the second tube box 172 .

[0032] Figure 2A The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B The cross-sectional view cut along the AA line. Figure 2B The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B The cross-sectional view cut along the BB line. Figure 2C The evaporator in this application is along Figure 1B Sectional view taken along the CC line.

[0033] like Figure 2A-2C As shown, the barrel 173 of the shell 101 is roughly cylindrical, the first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182 are respectively connected to the two ends of the barrel 173 in the axial direction, and the barrel 173, the first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182 form a barrel cavity 207. The first tube box 171 is connected to the side of the first tube sheet 181 away from the barrel 173, and the first tube box cavity 251 is formed between the barrel 173. The second tube box 172 is connected to the side of the second tube sheet 182 away from the barrel 173, and the second tube box cavity 252 is formed between the barrel 173. The first tube box cavity 251 is provided with a tube box partition 299, so that the first tube box cavity 251 is divided into an inlet space 297 and an outlet space 298. The second tube box cavity 252 forms a reflux space 255. The brine inlet 151 and the brine outlet 152 are respectively connected to the inlet space 297 and the outlet space 298. The first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182 are provided with a plurality of holes, which are respectively connected to each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle 190, so that the brine can flow from the brine inlet 151 through the inlet space 297, a part of the heat exchange tube, the reflux space 255, another part of the heat exchange tube, the outlet space 298, and then out of the evaporator from the brine outlet 152.

[0034] The heat exchange tube bundle 190 is located in the cylinder cavity 207, and the partition device 150 is arranged around the heat exchange tube bundle 190 at the lower part of the cylinder cavity 207. The heat exchange tube bundle 190 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 208 arranged side by side, and the two ends of each heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the holes on the first tube sheet 181 and the second tube sheet 182, so that each heat exchange tube is connected to the first tube box cavity 251 and the second tube box cavity 252. The partition device 150 includes a partition 250 and a guide plate 254. The partition 250 is roughly annular, and the partition 250 extends upward from the second tube sheet 182 for a certain distance, then bends toward the inner wall of the cylinder 173, and is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 173, so that the partition 250 divides the cylinder cavity 207 into a heat exchange tube cavity 205 and an oil separation cavity 206. The oil separation chamber 206 is roughly annular and is surrounded by the inner wall of the partition 250, the second tube sheet 182 and the cylinder 173. The heat exchange tube chamber 205 is surrounded by the outer wall of the partition 250, the second tube sheet 182, the cylinder 173 and the first tube sheet 181. The guide plate 254 is located in the oil separation chamber 206 and is arranged around the partition 250. The guide plate 254 divides the oil separation chamber 206 into a curved and spiral guide space 266 to set the first heating device 145. The first heating device 145 is a heating pipe 268, which is connected to the high-pressure side of the refrigeration system. In another embodiment of the present application, the oil separation chamber 206 can also be set to a spiral shape.

[0035] The distribution device 170 is arranged in the cylinder cavity 207, and the heat exchange tube bundle 190 passes through the distribution device 170. The distribution device includes a plurality of distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273, and the plurality of distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273 are arranged in sequence along the height direction. The distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273 are configured to evenly distribute the refrigerant fluid to each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle 190. In the present application, after the liquid distributed by the first-stage distributor 270 exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube, it enters the second-stage distributor 271 for distribution again, and so on, until the last-stage distributor. In the embodiment of the present application, one or more overflow pipes 293 are provided in each stage of the distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273. When the liquid level in the upper-stage distributor (i.e., the relatively high distributor) is too high, the excess liquid will flow to the next-stage distributor through the overflow pipe, thereby avoiding the situation where the lower distributor is insufficient in liquid. Maintaining a certain liquid level in the distributors 270, 271, 272, and 273 can ensure that each heat exchange tube can obtain liquid distribution, thereby fully utilizing the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange tube. The portion of the heat exchange tube in the distributor can be understood as the full liquid evaporation portion because it is submerged in liquid, and the portion of the heat exchange tube that is not submerged can be understood as the falling film portion. Each level of distributor always collects the refrigerant liquid from the previous level of distributor and redistributes it. The more distributors there are, the more it can avoid the dry pipe phenomenon caused by some heat exchange tube sections not being exposed to the refrigerant liquid, thereby improving the utilization rate of the heat exchange tube.

[0036] In other embodiments of the present application, more levels of distributors may be provided.

[0037] There is also a drainage hood 160 in the cylinder cavity. The drainage hood 160 is arranged between the heat exchange tube bundle 190 and the shell 101, and is arranged around the heat exchange tube bundle 190. The drainage hood 160 is roughly truncated cone-shaped, and the drainage hood 160 extends outward from the top of the heat exchange tube cavity 205 from top to bottom, so that the inner diameter of the drainage hood 160 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the distance between the drainage hood 160 and the shell 101 gradually decreases from top to bottom. There is a distance between the bottom of the drainage hood 160 and the partition device 150, so as to form a circulation space 209. The drainage hood 160 is used to guide the flow of the refrigerant fluid. Distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273 are all located inside the drainage hood 160.

[0038] A second heating device 146 is provided in the reflux space 255. In one embodiment of the present application, the second heating device 146 is an electric heating device, such as a heating rod. The second heating device 146 is used to heat the refrigerant during shutdown to prevent the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube from freezing. The evaporator in the present application is a vertical evaporator. Since heat can flow upward, a second heating device is provided at the bottom of the evaporator in the present application, which utilizes the principle of hot water flowing upward and cold water flowing downward, so that the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube will not freeze. In the present application, the problem of antifreeze of the evaporator is solved, and there is no need to set up an additional heat exchanger in other parts of the evaporator.

[0039] join Figure 2B As shown, the evaporator has refrigerant inlet channels 224 and 225, each of which includes a first segment 226 and a second segment 227. The refrigerant inlet channels 224 and 225 have similar structures. Taking the refrigerant inlet channel 224 as an example, the first segment 226 extends from the refrigerant inlet 111 to the inside of the evaporator, passes through the guide cover 160 and is located between two adjacent distributors 270 and 271. The middle of the second segment 227 is connected to the first segment 226, the top of the second segment 227 passes through the distributor 270 and is located above the distributor 270, and the bottom of the second segment 227 extends toward the distributor 271. The refrigerant can flow from the refrigerant inlet 111 to the top of the distributors 270 and 271 through the first segment 226 and the second segment 227 in sequence, and the distributors 270 and 271 can redistribute the refrigerant fluid. The refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 are arranged at the cylinder 173 near the first tube sheet 181, that is, the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 are arranged at the upper part of the shell 101. The refrigerant enters the interior of the flow guide cover 160 from the refrigerant inlet channels 224 and 225, and after heat exchange with the heat exchange tubes, under the guidance of the flow guide cover 160, it first flows downward to the bottom of the flow guide cover 160, enters the circulation space 209, and then flows upward from the space between the flow guide cover 160 and the inner wall of the cylinder 173, and flows out from the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123.

[0040] Combination Figure 1A and Figure 2CAs shown, the evaporator includes a liquid storage tank 140, which is higher than the height of the second tube sheet 182 in the height direction. The liquid storage tank 140 has a liquid storage tank liquid inlet 241 and a liquid storage tank liquid outlet 242, and the liquid storage tank liquid inlet 241 is connected to the lower part of the oil separation chamber 206 through a liquid inlet channel 274. The liquid storage tank liquid inlet 241 is higher than the liquid storage tank liquid outlet 242 and higher than the oil separation chamber 206. The liquid storage tank liquid outlet 242 is connected to the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 of the evaporator through a liquid outlet pipeline 275. The liquid storage tank 140 includes a liquid storage tank gas inlet 243 and a liquid storage tank gas outlet 244, and the liquid storage tank gas inlet 243 is connected to the upper part of the oil separation chamber 206 through a gas inlet channel 276, and the liquid storage tank gas outlet 244 is connected to the refrigerant outlet 121 of the evaporator through a gas outlet channel 277.

[0041] Figure 3A yes Figure 1C A three-dimensional diagram of the central partition device. Figure 3B yes Figure 3A A three-dimensional view of the central partition from another angle. Figure 3C yes Figure 3A A radial cross-sectional view of the central separator. Figure 2A , Figure 3A and Figure 3CAs shown, the partition device 150 includes a partition 250 and a guide plate 254. The partition 250 includes a lower portion 311 and an upper portion 312. The lower portion 311 is roughly cylindrical with a uniform diameter, and the bottom of the lower portion 311 is connected to the second tube sheet 182. The inner diameter of the lower portion 311 is slightly larger than or at least equal to the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube bundle 190, so that the heat exchange tube bundle 190 can be located in the lower portion 311. The outer diameter of the lower portion 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 173. The upper portion 312 extends outward from the top of the lower portion 311 until it is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 173. The partition 250, the cylinder 173 and the second tube sheet 182 enclose an oil separation chamber 206. A partition channel 313 is provided on the lower portion 311 of the partition 250, and the partition channel 313 can connect the heat exchange tube volume 205 with the oil separation chamber 206. A guide plate 254 is provided on the outside of the partition 250. The guide plate 254 includes multiple layers. The guide plate 254 and the partition 250 together form a labyrinth-like guide channel 233. One end of the guide channel 233 is connected to the partition channel 313, so that the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube cavity 205 can enter the guide channel 233 through the partition channel 313. The guide channel 233 extends around the partition 250 in the circumferential direction for a certain distance (for example, nearly one circle) from near the partition channel 313, thereby forming a first layer of channel parts with the partition 250. Then, the guide channel 233 bends in the opposite direction and continues to extend in the circumferential direction, thereby forming a second layer of channel parts with the adjacent guide plate 254. By analogy, the guide channel 233 can include multiple layers of channel parts according to the space. The first heating device 145 is arranged in the guide channel 233.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, the first heating device 145 is a heating pipe 268, and the heating pipe 268 can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the guide channel 233. The heating pipe 268 spirals and extends in the guide channel 233, has a large heat exchange area, and can fully exchange heat with the refrigerant. In one embodiment of the present application, the heating pipe 268 is connected to the high-pressure side of the refrigeration system, and the high-temperature liquid refrigerant on the high-pressure side can be introduced into the heating pipe 268, thereby exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the guide channel 233.

[0043] Combination Figure 2C , Figure 3A and Figure 3C As shown, after the refrigerant exchanges heat through the heat exchange tube bundle 190, a portion of the liquid refrigerant will be deposited at the bottom of the heat exchange tube cavity 205. In some cases, the liquid height of the liquid refrigerant exceeds the height of the partition 250. Usually, the liquid refrigerant contains a certain amount of oil, which will affect the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator. If the oil content in the liquid refrigerant is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator can be improved.

[0044] In the present application, the oil separation chamber 206, the first heating device 145 and the liquid storage tank together form an oil purification component, which can purify the oil in part of the refrigerant to increase the oil content in this part of the refrigerant. The refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the heat exchange tube volume chamber 205 will enter the guide channel 233 of the oil separation chamber 206 through the partition channel. The refrigerant in the guide channel 233 will exchange heat with the first heating device 145 (i.e., the heating tube 268). The refrigerant after heat exchange absorbs heat, and a part of it is converted into gas refrigerant and enters the liquid storage tank 140 from the gas inlet channel 276 of the liquid storage tank. A part of the refrigerant in the oil separation chamber 206 is converted into gas refrigerant, and the oil content in the liquid refrigerant deposited at the bottom of the oil separation chamber 206 increases, that is, the oil in the refrigerant will be enriched at the bottom of the oil separation chamber 206. The refrigerant with a higher oil content in the oil separation chamber 206 can enter the liquid storage tank 140 through the liquid inlet channel 274 of the liquid storage tank. In the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant with a high oil content is located in the oil separation chamber 206 and the liquid storage tank 140, so that the liquid refrigerant in the heat exchange tube volume chamber 205 has a low oil content and a high heat exchange efficiency.

[0045] The height of the liquid inlet 241 of the liquid storage tank is higher than the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank can accommodate a certain liquid level of oil-rich refrigerant. The height of the liquid inlet 241 of the liquid storage tank is set to be generally higher than the liquid height inside the liquid storage tank, so that the liquid refrigerant in the oil separation chamber 206 can smoothly enter the liquid storage tank 140, and will not return to the oil separation chamber 206 from the liquid storage tank when the system is shut down. The refrigerant in the liquid storage tank 140 can be connected to the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 of the evaporator through the liquid storage tank liquid outlet 242 located at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 140. When the system is shut down, the liquid in the liquid storage tank 140 will remain in the liquid storage tank 140, or flow to the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, and will not return to the oil separation chamber 206. In this way, it can be prevented that part of the refrigerant with a high oil content returns to the heat exchange tube volume 205 again through the oil separation chamber 206. That is to say, the arrangement of the liquid storage tank 140 can prevent a portion of the refrigerant with a high oil content from flowing back into the evaporator when the machine is shut down, that is, prevent the oil-rich refrigerant with a high oil content from being diluted by the refrigerant with a low oil content.

[0046] In the present application, the guide plate 254 of the partition device 150 divides the oil separation chamber 206 into a curved and spiral guide channel 233. The guide channel 233 has a relatively small flow area. Under the action of the refrigerant fluid pressure, the refrigerant flows at a faster speed in the guide channel 233, which can fully drive the oil into the liquid storage tank 140, and avoid a large amount of oil being deposited at the bottom of the oil separation chamber 206 due to too slow flow rate. In one embodiment of the present application, the shape of the guide channel can also be a spiral extending around the circumferential direction.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, due to the truncated cone shape of the drainage cover 160 that gradually expands from top to bottom, the flow area of ​​the refrigerant is continuously increased when it flows downward in the drainage cover 160, so that the flow rate is continuously reduced. And when it flows upward from the space between the drainage cover 160 and the inner wall of the cylinder 173, the flow area is continuously increased and the flow rate is continuously reduced, so that the liquid in the refrigerant fluid can be fully settled, and the liquid content of the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123 can be reduced.

[0048] In the present application, the evaporator has multiple refrigerant outlets 121, 122 and 123, and the refrigerant outlets are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, which is beneficial to the balance of flow velocity of the refrigerant gas when it flows upward in the heat exchange tube cavity 205, avoiding excessive local flow velocity and improving suction liquid.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, a second heating device 146, such as an electric heating rod, is provided in the return space 255. When the system is shut down, there may be a refrigerant in the heat exchange tube of the evaporator. When the ambient temperature is low, the freezing of the refrigerant may cause the heat exchange tube to deform or rupture. When the system is shut down and the ambient temperature is low, the second heating device 146 can be turned on to heat the refrigerant in the return space 255.

[0050] Figure 4A yes Figure 2A A three-dimensional diagram of the dispensing device, Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A three-dimensional diagram of a dispenser. Figure 4A and Figure 4B As shown, the distribution device 170 includes distributors 270, 271, 272 and 273 arranged from top to bottom, supporting devices 441, 442, 443 and 444, and refrigerant inlet channels 224 and 225. The distributor 270 and the distributor 271 are a group, the supporting devices 441 and 442 connect the distributor 270 and the distributor 271, and the refrigerant inlet channel 224 transports fluid to the distributor 270 and the distributor 271. The distributor 272 and the distributor 273 are a group, the supporting devices 443 and 444 connect the distributor 272 and the distributor 273, and the refrigerant inlet channel 225 transports fluid to the distributor 272 and the distributor 273. Optionally, all the distributors can be connected by supporting devices as needed to form a whole.

[0051] The structures of the distributors 271, 272 and 273 are the same as those of the distributor 270. The structure of the distributors is described below by taking the distributor 270 as an example. Figure 4AAs shown, the distributor 270 is roughly disc-shaped and has a main body 411 and a side edge 412, and the side edge 412 extends from the edges of the main body 411. A plurality of distribution channels 415 are provided on the main body 411, and the inner diameter of the distribution channel 415 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, so that when the heat exchange tube is installed in the distribution channel 415, there is a gap between the edge of the distribution channel 415 and the heat exchange tube, and the refrigerant fluid can flow from the gap between the distribution channel 415 and the heat exchange tube. The side edge 412 has a certain height so that the distributor 270 can accumulate a certain liquid level height of the refrigerant liquid. The refrigerant liquid flows downward due to gravity and can evenly enter the space between each distribution channel 415 and the corresponding heat exchange tube, so that each heat exchange tube is surrounded by refrigerant, so that the refrigerant can fully exchange heat with the coolant in the heat exchange tube.

[0052] The distribution channels of each distributor are aligned along the height direction so that the heat exchange tubes can pass through the multiple distributors in sequence. The supporting device can connect and position the two distributors so that the distribution channels of the two distributors are aligned.

[0053] The distributor 270 also includes a plurality of overflow pipes 293, which penetrate the main body 411 to form an overflow channel 456. The height of each overflow pipe 293 is higher than the upper surface of the main body 411 and lower than the side edge 412. When the liquid level in the distributor 270 is higher than the height of the overflow pipe 293, the liquid will flow to the distributor of the next stage through the overflow pipe 293 to avoid insufficient liquid in the distributor of the next stage. In one embodiment of the present application, each level of the distributor is provided with an overflow pipe so as to distribute the excess liquid in the distributor of this level downward. In each level of the distributor, the liquid level maintains a certain height and maintains a relative balance; when the liquid level is high, a part of the liquid is distributed to the lower part of the current distributor through the overflow pipe, and when the liquid level is low, the fluid flowing from the refrigerant inlet channel to the distributor can accumulate in the distributor, increasing the liquid height in the distributor. After each level of the distributor redistributes the refrigerant liquid, the liquid film thickness of the outer wall of the heat exchange tube near the bottom of the distributor is uniform.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, the overflow pipes between each distributor and the lower-stage distributor are arranged alternately.

[0055] The distribution channel 415 includes an inclined surface 462 with a diameter extending obliquely from top to bottom toward the center to guide the liquid to flow toward the corresponding heat exchange tube. In one embodiment of the present application, the distribution channel 415 includes a plurality of recesses 477, and the plurality of recesses 477 extend outward from the inner wall of the distribution channel 415. The plurality of recesses 477 can accumulate refrigerant liquid and further guide the liquid to flow toward the corresponding heat exchange tube. FIG. 4 schematically shows a distribution channel with recesses 477. In actual products, each distribution channel 415 can be set as a distribution channel with recesses. The number of recesses 477 can be set according to the size of the distribution channel 415.

[0056] A cylindrical flange 428 higher than the bottom surface is provided at the center of the main body 411, and the end of the second segment 227 of the refrigerant inlet channel 224 is located in the cylindrical flange 428 and has a spacing with the cylindrical flange 428. The fluid opening 288 at the end of the second segment 227 is arranged along the circumferential direction, that is, the fluid opening 288 is arranged toward the inner wall of the cylindrical flange 428. The cylindrical flange 428 can change the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing out of the fluid opening 288 to prevent the refrigerant fluid from directly impacting the heat exchange tube. The first heating device in the evaporator in the present application can increase the oil content of the refrigerant in the oil separation chamber, and the oil-rich refrigerant can enter the liquid storage tank and be transported to the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator through the liquid storage tank, thereby reducing the oil concentration in the refrigerant exchanging heat with the heat exchange tube in the evaporator to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator.

[0057] The evaporator in the present application has a second heating device, which can heat the refrigerant when the evaporator is shut down to prevent the heat exchange tube from deforming or even bursting.

[0058] The evaporator in the present application has a truncated cone-shaped flow guide cover, which can guide the refrigerant to flow downward first and then upward, and the truncated cone-shaped setting can change the flow rate of the refrigerant fluid, making it easy for the liquid refrigerant to settle.

[0059] The evaporator in the present application has a distribution device, including a plurality of distributors, which can evenly distribute the refrigerant liquid around the heat exchange tubes.

[0060] The evaporator in the present application has a plurality of refrigerant outlets, and the plurality of refrigerant outlets are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can reduce the flow velocity of the refrigerant fluid at the refrigerant outlets.

[0061] Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with the examples of the embodiments summarized above, various alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements and / or substantially equivalent solutions, whether known or currently or foreseeable in the near future, may be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the technical effects and / or technical problems described in this specification are exemplary rather than restrictive; so the disclosure in this specification may be used to solve other technical problems and have other technical effects. Therefore, the examples of the embodiments of the present disclosure set out above are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is intended to include all known or earlier developed alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements and / or substantially equivalent solutions.

Claims

1. An evaporator, characterized in that: The evaporator is a vertical evaporator and comprises: A shell (101), the shell (101) comprising a heat exchange tube cavity (205), and the shell (101) is provided with a refrigerant inlet (111) and a refrigerant outlet (121); a plurality of heat exchange tubes (208), wherein the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208) are arranged in the heat exchange tube cavity (205) and extend along a height direction of the evaporator; An oil purification component, the oil purification component comprising an oil separation chamber (206) and a first heating device (145), the oil separation chamber (206) being arranged in the shell (101) and close to the bottom of the heat exchange tube chamber (205), the oil separation chamber (206) being connected to the heat exchange tube chamber (205), and the first heating device (145) being configured to heat the refrigerant in the oil separation chamber (206).

2. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil purifier further comprises a liquid storage tank (140), wherein the liquid storage tank (140) comprises a liquid storage tank liquid inlet (241) and a liquid storage tank liquid outlet (242), wherein the liquid storage tank liquid inlet (241) is in communication with the oil separation chamber (206), and the liquid storage tank liquid inlet (241) is higher than the liquid storage tank liquid outlet (242), and higher than the oil separation chamber (206); The liquid storage tank (140) comprises a liquid storage tank gas inlet (243) and a liquid storage tank gas outlet (244), wherein the liquid storage tank gas inlet (243) is in communication with the oil separation chamber (206), and the liquid storage tank gas outlet (244) is in communication with the refrigerant outlet (121) of the evaporator.

3. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator comprises a partition (250), the partition (250) is arranged around the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208) and is connected to the shell (101), and the oil separation chamber (206) is formed between the partition (250) and the shell (101); The partition plate (250) is provided with a partition plate channel (313), and the oil separation chamber (206) is connected with the heat exchange tube chamber (205) through the partition plate channel (313); the height of the partition plate channel (313) is lower than the top of the oil separation chamber (206).

4. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heating device (145) comprises a heating pipe (268), which is arranged at the lower part of the oil separation chamber (206) and is connected to the high-pressure side of the air-conditioning system so that high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant liquid can enter the heating pipe (268).

5. The evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil separation chamber (206) comprises a guide channel (233), the guide channel (233) is spirally arranged along the circumferential direction, and the heating tube (268) is arranged in the guide channel (233); one end of the guide channel (233) is connected to the heat exchange tube cavity (205).

6. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator comprises a flow guide cover (160) and a refrigerant inlet channel (224); the flow guide cover (160) is arranged between the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208) and the shell (101), and is arranged around the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208); the refrigerant inlet channel is in communication with the refrigerant inlet (111), and extends through the flow guide cover; the flow guide cover (160) is configured to guide the refrigerant to flow from the refrigerant inlet channel (224) into the interior of the flow guide cover, and then flow from between the flow guide cover (160) and the shell (101) to the refrigerant outlet; The flow guide hood (160) extends obliquely outward from the top of the heat exchange tube cavity (205) from top to bottom, so that the inner diameter of the flow guide hood (160) gradually increases from top to bottom, and the distance between the flow guide hood (160) and the shell (101) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the refrigerant outlet (121) is arranged at the upper part of the shell (101).

7. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator includes a plurality of distributors, and the plurality of distributors are arranged along the height direction of the evaporator. Each of the distributors includes a plurality of distribution channels (415). The plurality of heat exchange tubes can pass through the plurality of distribution channels. The inner diameter of each distribution channel (415) is larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding heat exchange tube, so that the fluid can pass through the gap between the distribution channel (415) and the corresponding heat exchange tube.

8. The evaporator according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of distributors comprises a main body (411) and a side edge (412), wherein the side edge (412) extends upward from an edge of the main body (411) so that the distributor can accumulate liquid, and each of the plurality of distributors is provided with an overflow pipe, wherein the overflow pipe is higher than the main body (411); The distribution channel (415) includes a plurality of recesses, and the recesses extend outward from the inner wall of the distribution channel (415); The distribution channel (415) includes an inclined surface (462) extending obliquely from top to bottom toward the corresponding heat exchange tube to guide the flow of fluid.

9. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a plurality of refrigerant outlets (121, 122, 123), and the plurality of refrigerant outlets (121, 122, 123) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the shell (101).

10. The evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator comprises a second heating device (146), the second heating device (146) is arranged at the bottom of the evaporator, and the second heating device (146) is configured to be turned on when the temperature is low and the evaporator is shut down, so as to prevent the plurality of heat exchange tubes from freezing and cracking; The bottom of the evaporator comprises a reflux space (255) in communication with the plurality of heat exchange tubes (208), and the second heating device (146) is disposed in the reflux space (255); The second heating device (146) is an electric heating device.

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