Tubular heat exchanger and processing and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The tubular heat exchanger comprises positioning plates, heat exchange tubes and a shell, the positioning plates are arranged in the two ends of the shell respectively, each positioning plate comprises a plurality of positioning strips which are sequentially connected in an inserted mode, a plurality of positioning grooves are formed in the two opposite side faces of every two adjacent positioning strips at intervals in the length direction, and the positioning grooves are formed in the two opposite side faces of every two adjacent positioning strips. Inserting holes and inserting blocks are arranged between the positioning grooves in the side faces, and every two adjacent positioning strips are connected in an inserting mode through the inserting holes and the inserting blocks. After the positioning strips are connected in an inserted mode, the opposite positioning grooves of every two adjacent positioning strips are in butt joint to form a positioning hole. The two ends of each heat exchange tube are arranged in the positioning holes in the two ends respectively, the two ends of each heat exchange tube protrude out of the corresponding positioning plate towards the two sides respectively, a pouring space is formed between the end of the shell and the corresponding positioning plate and between the end of the shell and the protruding end of each heat exchange tube, and a sealing pouring layer is poured in each pouring space. The production efficiency is improved, the occurrence rate of defects is effectively reduced, the quality of workpieces is improved, and the overall performance of the heat exchanger is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a processing and manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are widely used in many industrial fields such as chemical industry, petroleum, electricity, food and medicine, energy electronics, machinery and light industry due to their good structural stability and adaptability. They are indispensable key equipment in many industrial production processes. With the improvement of global environmental awareness and the prominence of energy consumption issues, the market demand for efficient and energy-saving shell-and-tube heat exchangers will continue to increase. In some harsh working environments, such as chemical industry and marine fields, higher requirements are placed on the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The research and development and application of new corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials, as well as the improvement of the structural design of heat exchangers, will become an important development direction in the future.

[0003] Among the shell and tube heat exchangers currently used in the market, the tube sheet fixed heat exchanger is widely used in many industrial fields such as chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and food because of its relatively simple structure, high stability, and low manufacturing cost. The tube sheet fixed heat exchanger consists of a shell, a tube bundle, a tube sheet, a head (end cover), and other components. The tube bundle consists of many parallel tubes, and the two ends of the tube are fixed on the tube sheet. The tube sheet is welded to the shell to fix the tube bundle in the shell. The head is located at both ends of the shell to close the tube bundle and guide the fluid in and out of the tube bundle.

[0004] The existing production of tube sheet fixed heat exchangers usually requires laser cutting, plasma cutting and other precision cutting of the tubes first, and then drilling, milling and other precision machining of the tube sheets using CNC machining centers to ensure the dimensional accuracy and positional accuracy of the tube holes, and then using fixtures to assemble the tube bundles in sequence by means of integral sets, segmented sets, etc. After that, high-precision welding is performed on the tubes and tube sheets, and the tube sheets and shells using automated welding equipment and robot welding technology, and non-destructive testing methods such as radiographic testing (RT), ultrasonic testing (UT), magnetic particle testing (MT), and penetration testing (PT) are used to inspect raw materials, welds, parts, etc. to promptly detect internal and surface defects. Finally, according to different media and use environments, anti-corrosion paint is applied to the surface, and lining anti-corrosion materials and electrochemical protection are used to improve the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger.

[0005] During the processing and manufacturing of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, the tube sheet and the tube bundle are sealed by expansion joints, and the tube holes must fit tightly with the heat exchange tubes. If the tube hole accuracy is insufficient, the connection between the tube and the tube sheet will not be tight, resulting in leakage problems. Due to the excessive processing accuracy of the tube and the tube sheet, the fixed assembly method used in traditional heat exchangers takes a long time to penetrate the plate, is difficult to operate, and has low production efficiency. In actual applications, the tube sheet and the tube bundle in conventional heat exchangers are connected by welding and sealing. In this case, defects in the welding process (such as pores, slag inclusions, incomplete welding, etc.) can easily lead to a loose connection between the tube sheet and the tube, reducing the sealing and strength of the weld, thereby causing leakage problems. The existence of these defects will not only reduce the sealing and strength of the weld, thereby affecting the overall performance of the heat exchanger, but will also have a greater impact on actual production needs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a processing and manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, improve production efficiency, effectively reduce the occurrence rate of defects, improve the quality of parts, and ensure the overall performance of the heat exchanger.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a positioning plate, a heat exchange tube and an outer shell, wherein a positioning plate is respectively arranged inside both ends of the outer shell, and the positioning plate comprises a plurality of positioning strips which are plugged in and connected in sequence, and a plurality of positioning grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction on the two opposite sides of two adjacent positioning strips, and a plug-in hole and a plug-in block are arranged between the positioning grooves on each side, and the two adjacent positioning strips are plug-in connected with the plug-in block through the plug-in hole; after the positioning strips are plug-in connected, the opposite positioning grooves of the two adjacent positioning strips are butt-jointed to form a positioning hole; the two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively arranged in the corresponding positioning holes in the two positioning plates, and the two ends of the heat exchange tube protrude from the positioning plates on both sides respectively, and a casting space is formed between the end of the outer shell and the corresponding positioning plate and the protruding end of the heat exchange tube, and a sealing casting layer is cast in the casting space.

[0009] In one embodiment, the plugging holes and the plugging blocks on the same side of the positioning strip are arranged alternately.

[0010] In one embodiment, the positioning grooves on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered; the plug-in holes on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered; and the plug-in blocks on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sealing casting layer is a metal or non-metal material.

[0012] In one embodiment, a plurality of second positioning plates are further provided in the shell, and the second positioning plates include a plurality of positioning strips that are plug-connected in sequence, and the heat exchange tubes pass through the corresponding positioning holes on the second positioning plates.

[0013] In one embodiment, the total width of the second positioning plate after plugging and connecting is smaller than the flow width of the inner side of the housing.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second positioning plates are alternately arranged on both sides of the interior of the housing.

[0015] In one embodiment, a limiting plate is further provided in the housing, and the limiting plate is arranged between the positioning plates at both ends, and both ends of the limiting plate are respectively abutted against the positioning plates at both ends.

[0016] In one embodiment, the limiting plate is provided with limiting holes corresponding to each of the second positioning plates, and a limiting plate is provided at each end of the second positioning plate, and the end of the second positioning plate is inserted into the limiting hole of the corresponding limiting plate.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) splicing the positioning strips and the heat exchange tubes layer by layer, and then placing them in the shell;

[0019] (2) Casting material is poured into the gap between the ends of the heat exchange tubes at both ends of the shell, and the sealing casting layer is formed after cooling and solidification.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0021] The shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the processing and manufacturing method thereof provided by the present invention adopt a layer-by-layer splicing method to position and assemble the heat exchange tubes to the positioning plate, without the need to penetrate the plate, which significantly reduces the installation time and is simple and convenient to operate. The tube bundle and the positioning plate are sealed and fixed by casting. Compared with the traditional welding sealing method, it is convenient to manufacture, improves production efficiency, avoids the occurrence of welding defects, effectively reduces the incidence of defects, improves the quality of the parts, and ensures the overall performance of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second positioning plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of some positioning bars in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0031] In the figure: 1-positioning plate, 2-heat exchange tube, 3-shell, 4-positioning bar, 5-positioning groove, 6-plug hole, 7-plug block, 8-positioning hole, 9-casting space, 10-sealing casting layer, 11-second positioning plate, 12-limiting plate, 13-limiting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a processing and manufacturing method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve production efficiency, effectively reduce the occurrence rate of defects, improve the quality of parts, and ensure the overall performance of the heat exchanger.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, the present embodiment provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a positioning plate 1, a heat exchange tube 2 and a shell 3, wherein a positioning plate 1 is arranged inside each of the two ends of the shell 3, the positioning plate 1 comprises a plurality of positioning bars 4 which are plugged in and connected in sequence, a plurality of positioning grooves 5 are arranged at intervals along the length direction on the two opposite sides of two adjacent positioning bars 4, and a plug-in hole 6 and a plug-in block 7 are arranged between the positioning grooves 5 on each side, and the two adjacent positioning bars 4 are plug-in connected with the plug-in block 7 via the plug-in hole 6; after the positioning bars 4 are plug-in connected, the positioning grooves 5 of the two adjacent positioning bars 4 which are opposite to each other form a positioning hole 8; the two ends of the heat exchange tube 2 are respectively arranged in the corresponding positioning holes 8 in the two positioning plates 1, and the two ends of the heat exchange tube 2 protrude from the positioning plates 1 on both sides respectively, and a casting space 9 is formed between the end of the shell 3 and the corresponding positioning plate 1 and the protruding end of the heat exchange tube 2, and a sealing casting layer 10 is cast in the casting space 9.

[0036] In the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present embodiment, when assembling the heat exchange tube 2, the two ends of the heat exchange tube 2 are respectively placed in the positioning grooves 5 on the two positioning strips 4, and each positioning groove 5 is filled with the heat exchange tube 2. Then, another positioning strip 4 is buckled on the top of the two positioning strips 4, and the tube bundle is positioned and constrained in the positioning hole 8 formed by the upper and lower positioning strips 4. According to the above method, the arrangement of the heat exchange tube 2 and the buckling of the positioning strips 4 are repeated until the required size is reached. The positioning plate 1 adopts a modular design, and the splicing size can be flexibly set according to needs. After that, the assembled positioning plate 1 and the heat exchange tube 2 are placed in the shell 3, and the casting material is respectively poured into the gap between the ends of the heat exchange tube 2 at the two ends of the shell 3. After cooling and solidification, a sealing casting layer 10 is formed to achieve the sealing and fixation of the heat exchange tube 2 and the positioning plate 1, and the sealing of the positioning plate 1 and the shell 3. The heat exchange tube 2 is positioned and assembled to the positioning plate 1 by splicing layer by layer, without the need to penetrate the plate, which significantly reduces the installation time and is simple and convenient to operate. The tube bundle and the positioning plate 1 are sealed and fixed by casting. Compared with the traditional welding sealing method, it is easy to make, improves production efficiency, reduces production costs, avoids the occurrence of welding defects, effectively reduces the incidence of defects, improves the quality of parts, and ensures the overall performance of the heat exchanger.

[0037] In this embodiment, the plug-in holes 6 and the plug-in blocks 7 on the same side of the positioning strip 4 are arranged alternately.

[0038] In this embodiment, the positioning grooves 5 on both sides of the positioning strip 4 are staggered; the plug holes 6 on both sides of the positioning strip 4 are staggered; and the plug blocks 7 on both sides of the positioning strip 4 are staggered. The distance between two adjacent layers of positioning holes 8 can be reduced, and more heat exchange tubes 2 can be installed in a limited space.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sealing casting layer 10 is made of metal or non-metal material (such as polyurethane composite material).

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of second positioning plates 11 are further provided in the housing 3. The second positioning plates 11 include a plurality of positioning strips 4 that are plugged in and connected in sequence, and the heat exchange tube 2 passes through the corresponding positioning holes 8 on the second positioning plates 11. The connection method of each positioning strip 4 in the second positioning plate 11 is the same as that of the positioning plate 1. The second positioning plates 11 are arranged between the two positioning plates 1 at both ends, and the second positioning plates 11 are arranged at intervals to support the heat exchange tube 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, the total width of the second positioning plate 11 after plugging and connection is smaller than the flow width inside the housing 3 , leaving flow space for the fluid in the housing 3 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the second positioning plates 11 are alternately arranged on both sides of the outer shell 3 to form baffles. While supporting the heat exchange tubes 2, they can also extend the flow path length of the shell-side medium, increase the flow velocity between the tubes, and increase the turbulence level, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger.

[0043] In this embodiment, a limiting plate 12 is further provided in the housing 3, and the limiting plate 12 is disposed between the positioning plates 1 at both ends, and the two ends of the limiting plate 12 are respectively abutted against the positioning plates 1 at both ends, so as to position and support the positioning plates 1 and improve the structural stability.

[0044] In this embodiment, the limiting plate 12 is provided with limiting holes 13 corresponding to the second positioning plates 11, and a limiting plate 12 is provided at each end of the second positioning plate 11, and the end of the second positioning plate 11 is inserted into the limiting hole 13 of the corresponding limiting plate 12. The second positioning plate 11 can be positioned by the limiting plate 12 to improve the structural stability.

[0045] The above-mentioned method for manufacturing the shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises the following steps:

[0046] (1) The positioning strips 4 and the heat exchange tubes 2 are spliced ​​layer by layer, and are positioned and supported by the limiting plates 12, and then the whole is placed in the housing 3;

[0047] (2) Casting material is poured into the gap between the ends of the heat exchange tubes 2 at both ends of the shell 3, and a sealing casting layer 10 is formed after cooling and solidification.

[0048] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger, characterized in that: It includes a positioning plate, a heat exchange tube and an outer shell, wherein a positioning plate is arranged inside each of the two ends of the outer shell, and the positioning plate includes a plurality of positioning strips that are plugged in and connected in sequence, and a plurality of positioning grooves are arranged on the two opposite sides of two adjacent positioning strips at intervals along the length direction, and a plug-in hole and a plug-in block are arranged between the positioning grooves on each side, and the two adjacent positioning strips are plug-connected with the plug-in block through the plug-in hole; after the positioning strips are plug-connected, the opposite positioning grooves of the two adjacent positioning strips are butt-jointed to form a positioning hole; the two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively arranged in the corresponding positioning holes in the two positioning plates, and the two ends of the heat exchange tube protrude from the positioning plates on both sides respectively, and a casting space is formed between the end of the outer shell and the corresponding positioning plate and the protruding end of the heat exchange tube, and a sealing casting layer is cast in the casting space.

2. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in holes and the plug-in blocks on the same side of the positioning strip are arranged alternately.

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning grooves on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered; the plugging holes on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered; and the plugging blocks on both sides of the positioning strip are staggered.

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing casting layer is made of metal or non-metal material.

5. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second positioning plates are further provided in the shell, and the second positioning plates include a plurality of positioning strips that are plugged and connected in sequence, and the heat exchange tubes pass through the corresponding positioning holes on the second positioning plates.

6. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The total width of the second positioning plate after plugging and connection is smaller than the flow width of the inner side of the housing.

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second positioning plates are alternately arranged on both sides of the interior of the shell.

8. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting plate is also provided in the shell, and the limiting plate is arranged between the positioning plates at both ends, and both ends of the limiting plate are respectively abutted against the positioning plates at both ends.

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting plate is provided with limiting holes corresponding to the second positioning plates respectively, and one limiting plate is provided at each end of the second positioning plate, and the end of the second positioning plate is inserted into the limiting hole of the corresponding limiting plate.

10. A method for manufacturing a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) splicing the positioning strips and the heat exchange tubes layer by layer, and then placing them in the shell; (2) Casting material is poured into the gap between the ends of the heat exchange tubes at both ends of the shell, and the sealing casting layer is formed after cooling and solidification.

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