Pile body scouring monitoring experiment device and monitoring data fusion analysis method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pile body scouring experiment devices, in particular to a pile body scouring experiment monitoring device and a monitoring data fusion analysis method.The pile body scouring experiment monitoring device comprises a model box internally provided with a plurality of vertical pile bodies, a seabed assembly is arranged at the bottom of the model box, and nozzles are arranged on the peripheral wall of the model box and communicate with a water storage tank through a water inlet pipeline; a water delivery pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and a DIC measuring system and infrared measuring equipment are arranged above the model box. Displacement and strain change monitoring is carried out through the DIC measuring system, temperature change monitoring is carried out through the infrared measuring device, real-time monitoring and multi-dimensional data acquisition of multiple parameters in the scouring process are jointly achieved through the DIC measuring system and the infrared measuring device, therefore, accurate data support is obtained, the acquired displacement data and the acquired temperature data are fused and analyzed, and the scouring accuracy is improved. The hydrodynamic characteristics and the coupling relation between the pile body and the seabed are deeply understood, so that the scientificity of design and evaluation of the structure on the seabed is improved, and the research on fluid and solid interface behaviors is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile scour test devices, in particular to a pile scour test monitoring device and a monitoring data fusion analysis method. Background Art

[0002] In the marine environment, current scouring poses a serious threat to structures built on sandy seabeds. Currents will not only directly scour the surface of the structure, causing deformation or displacement of the structure, thereby affecting the stability of the structure, but also may cause long-term deformation of the seabed over time, which will also affect the stability of the structure. The seabed morphology in reality is often undulating, with complex geological structures and diverse sedimentary characteristics. These factors have a significant impact on the fluidity of the current and the scouring path. The uneven seabed morphology will not only change the flow pattern of the water flow, but also subtly affect the fluid-solid coupling characteristics between the structure and the marine geological environment. In this complex environment, the bearing capacity, stability and anti-scouring ability of the structure may be affected to varying degrees. In order to further study the impact of current scouring on structures built on sandy seabeds, researchers used a pile scouring simulation experimental device to simulate the scouring effect of currents on seabed structures.

[0003] However, the current pile scour simulation experimental devices generally adopt a simplified marine geomorphic model structure. Its design lacks consideration of the undulations of the seabed morphology and ignores the diversity of the seabed topography, and thus cannot accurately simulate the complex and changeable real seabed morphology. In addition, the submerged height of the pile in the sand layer is mostly a constant value, so that the relationship between the ocean current and the bearing capacity of the structure cannot be fully considered, resulting in inaccurate stability assessment of the structure under real scour conditions. In addition, the parameters monitored in the traditional scour experimental monitoring method are relatively single, and the influence of the unevenness of the seabed on the fluid-solid coupling characteristics is not fully considered, so it is difficult to accurately evaluate the interaction between the pile and the marine geological environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pile scour experiment monitoring device and a monitoring data fusion analysis method to address the deficiencies in the prior art, thereby solving the problems that the current pile scour simulation experiment device in the prior art cannot accurately simulate the complex and changeable various real seabed morphologies, the stability assessment of the structure under real scour conditions is inaccurate, and the monitoring parameters in the traditional scour experiment monitoring method are relatively single, making it difficult to accurately assess the interaction between the pile and the marine geological environment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A pile scour experiment monitoring device comprises a model box, a plurality of vertical piles are arranged inside the model box, a seabed assembly for simulating the seabed morphology is arranged at the bottom of the model box, the lower part of the pile is inserted into the seabed assembly from top to bottom, a nozzle for supplying water to the inside of the model box is arranged on the peripheral wall of the model box, the nozzle is connected with a water storage tank through a water inlet pipeline, a water supply pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and a DIC measurement system for monitoring displacement and strain changes and an infrared measurement device for monitoring temperature changes are arranged above the model box.

[0006] Furthermore, the seabed assembly includes a sand layer, the lower part of the pile body is inserted into the sand layer from top to bottom, an elastically deformable bottom pad is provided below the sand layer, and a driving mechanism for deforming the bottom pad is provided below the bottom pad.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism has multiple groups, which are evenly distributed below the bottom pad, and the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, which abuts against the bottom pad.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple nozzles, which are respectively connected to water inlet pipelines. The multiple water inlet pipelines are integrated on a water distributor, and the water distributor is connected to the water tank through pipelines.

[0009] Furthermore, the nozzle is an adjustable universal nozzle.

[0010] A monitoring data fusion analysis method applied to a pile scour experiment monitoring device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Construct DIC monitoring dataset and infrared monitoring dataset; Step 2: Standardize the DIC monitoring data set and the infrared monitoring data set; Step 3: Build a unified state data set; Step 4: Perform principal component analysis on the unified state data set, and obtain the deformation mode and temperature change area of ​​the pile by analyzing the simplified data set.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the DIC monitoring data set is set as:

[0012] in For the Line The displacement vector at the column point, and are the number of samples measured in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively; Set the infrared monitoring data set to:

[0013] in For the Line The temperature values ​​at the points.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, the DIC monitoring data set And infrared monitoring dataset After standardization, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0015] in, is the standardized DIC monitoring dataset, is the mean of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standardized infrared monitoring data set, is the mean value of the infrared monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the infrared monitoring dataset.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the standardized data is integrated into a unified state data set

[0017] in, For one Datasets, is the dimension of the fused data points.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 4, the principal component analysis includes: Unified state dataset Perform mean centering:

[0019] in, yes The overall mean of Calculate the covariance matrix :

[0020] in, is the mean-centered matrix; Extract the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix to form a new data representation:

[0021] in, is the covariance matrix The characteristic value of is the covariance matrix The eigenvector of Dimensionality reduction: Before selection principal components , generate a new fusion feature set:

[0022] By generating a fusion dataset Statistical analysis is performed to obtain the main deformation modes and temperature change areas, and then the correlation between multiple eigenvectors is determined.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention uses a deformable soft cushion and a driving mechanism to freely adjust the height and shape of the soft cushion according to user needs, thereby simulating various complex seabed structures on the sand layer; the submerged height of the pile body in the sand layer can be freely adjusted, so that the experimental device can more realistically reflect the complex characteristics of the actual seabed, fully consider the relationship between the ocean current and the bearing capacity of the pile body, and accurately evaluate the stability of the pile body under real scouring conditions.

[0024] At the same time, the nozzle in the present invention can freely adjust the water outlet direction and water pressure, and can simulate ocean currents with different flow rates and directions, which is convenient for studying the specific effects of various ocean current patterns on the pile body, thereby helping to more accurately evaluate the stability and anti-scouring ability of the pile body.

[0025] In addition, the present invention integrates a DIC measurement system and an infrared measurement device. The DIC measurement system is used to monitor displacement and strain changes, and the infrared measurement device is used to monitor temperature changes. The two together realize real-time monitoring of multiple parameters of the scouring process and multi-dimensional data collection, thereby obtaining accurate data support. By fusing and analyzing the collected displacement data and temperature data, the fluid dynamic characteristics and coupling relationship between the pile body and the seabed are deeply understood, thereby improving the scientific nature of the design and evaluation of seabed structures and promoting the study of fluid-solid interface behavior. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pile scour experiment monitoring device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure inside a model box in a pile scour experiment monitoring device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a seabed component in a pile scour experiment monitoring device provided by the present invention.

[0027] Wherein, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. Model box; 2. Pile body; 3. Seabed assembly; 31. Sand layer; 32. Bottom pad; 33. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Nozzle; 5. Water inlet pipeline; 6. Water distributor; 7. Water storage tank; 8. Water pump; 9. Rack; 10. DIC measurement system; 11. Infrared measurement equipment; 12. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0032] For easier understanding, see Figures 1 to 3This embodiment provides a pile scour experiment monitoring device, including a model box 1, which is provided with nine mutually spaced piles 2 inside, and the piles 2 are kept in a vertical state in the initial state (before the experiment starts). A seabed component 3 is provided at the bottom of the model box 1, and the seabed component 3 can be freely adjusted to simulate the real seabed morphology according to user needs. A plurality of nozzles 4 are provided on the four side walls of the front, back, left and right of the model box 1, and each nozzle 4 is connected to the water outlet end of a water inlet pipeline 5, and the inlet ends of the plurality of water inlet pipelines 5 are respectively connected to the plurality of water outlet ends of a water distributor 6, and the water inlet end of the water distributor 6 is connected to the water storage tank 7 for water delivery, that is, the nozzle 4 is connected to the water storage tank 7 through the water inlet pipeline 5 and the water distributor 6 for water delivery. A water delivery pump 8 is installed on the water inlet pipeline 5, and the on-off state of the water delivery pipeline and the output water pressure can be controlled by the water delivery pump 8, so that the nozzle 4 and the water outlet flow rate that need to be discharged can be selected according to user needs. The nozzle 4 is an adjustable universal nozzle 4, and the opening direction of the nozzle 4 can be adjusted according to user needs. Through the nozzle 4 and the water pump 8, the user can adjust the simulated real water flow with different flow rates and directions according to needs. Furthermore, the universal nozzle 4 can manually adjust the direction of the nozzle 4 or electrically adjust it. There is no specific limitation here. If it is a manual adjustment structure, it can be achieved by using a universal joint on the market. If it is an electric adjustment structure, it can be achieved by using an F-35 rotating nozzle on the market. A frame 9 is provided on the outside of the model box 1, and a DIC measurement system 10 and an infrared measurement device 11 are provided on the frame 9. Both are located above the model box 1 to monitor the inside of the model box 1, wherein the DIC measurement system 10 is used to monitor displacement and strain changes, and the infrared measurement device 11 is used to monitor temperature changes.

[0033] Furthermore, liquid containing a dye can be injected into the nozzle 4 to facilitate the tracking of the water flow path.

[0034] For easier understanding, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The seabed assembly 3 includes a sand layer 31, and the lower half of the pile body 2 is vertically inserted into the sand layer 31. A bottom pad 32 is provided below the sand layer 31. The horizontal edges of the bottom pad 32 are sealed with the horizontal side walls of the model box 1 to prevent the water flow from above from penetrating below the bottom pad 32. The bottom pad 32 is a structure that can be elastically deformed under force. A driving mechanism is provided below the bottom pad 32. The driving mechanism is used to apply a thrust to the bottom pad 32 to deform it, and it will naturally return to its original state after deformation. Preferably, the driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder 33, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the model box 1, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 33 is in contact with the bottom pad 32. There are multiple hydraulic cylinders 33, which are arranged in an array below the bottom pad 32. Thrust can be applied to different positions on the bottom surface of the bottom pad 32 according to user needs, and then freely adjusted to simulate the real seabed morphology.

[0035] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder 33 and the water delivery pump 8 are both electrically connected to the controller 12 of the experimental device, and the controller 12 controls the displacement of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder 33 and the water outlet direction and flow rate of the nozzle 4.

[0036] In the preparation stage of the scouring experiment, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 33 is controlled by the controller 12 to extend vertically upward, and a thrust is applied to the upper bottom pad 32, so that the middle part of the bottom pad 32 is deformed, and the edges of the bottom pad 32 are always sealed and connected to the model box 1, thereby driving the sand layer 31 above the bottom pad 32 to deform, and finally simulating the height and shape of the real seabed in the sand layer 31, thereby reflecting the complex characteristics of the real seabed; then, nine piles 2 are inserted into the deformed sand layer 31 from top to bottom according to preset points in the vertical direction until the insertion depth of the pile 2 reaches the preset value, and the submerged height of each pile 2 in the sand layer 31 is recorded; then, monitoring points are selected on each pile 2 or the sand layer 31 around the pile 2 (the monitoring points of the pile 2 are mainly used to monitor the displacement change, stress change, temperature change, etc. of the pile 2 during the scouring process, and the monitoring points on the sand layer 31 around the pile 2 are mainly used to monitor the sand layer 31 during the scouring process The displacement change, temperature change, deformation accumulation form, and streamline of the flushing water flow during the flushing process are monitored and speckles are prepared at the selected monitoring points (the method of preparing speckles includes spraying paint, transfer stickers, etc., which are not limited here), that is, the preparation stage of the flushing experiment is completed; the controller 12 controls part of the nozzles 4 to start spraying water, and the controller 12 controls the flow rate of the water sprayed by the nozzles 4, thereby simulating the real ocean current; in the process of the water flow flushing the pile body 2, the parameters of the monitoring points will change accordingly; the DIC measurement system 10 above the model box 1 monitors the displacement and stress changes of the monitoring points during the flushing process and collects data, and the infrared measurement device 11 above the model box 1 monitors the temperature of the monitoring points during the flushing process and collects data; finally, data processing and analysis are performed, and the fluid dynamic characteristics and coupling relationship between the pile body 2 and the seabed are deeply understood by analyzing the displacement changes, stress changes, temperature changes, etc. of the monitoring points.

[0037] A monitoring data fusion analysis method applied to a pile scour experiment monitoring device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Set the DIC monitoring displacement data set and the infrared monitoring temperature data set; Setting up DIC monitoring displacement dataset , which includes the displacement data of each monitoring point on the pile body, and the matrix is ​​as follows:

[0038] in For the Line Displacement vectors (parallel and perpendicular) at column points, and are the number of samples monitored in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively; Set infrared monitoring temperature data set , which includes the temperature values ​​of each measuring point on the pile body, and the matrix is ​​as follows:

[0039] in For the Line The temperature values ​​at the points.

[0040] Step 2: Standardize the DIC monitoring displacement data set and the infrared temperature monitoring data set; In order to fuse the dataset, the DIC monitoring displacement dataset And infrared monitoring temperature dataset To standardize:

[0041] in, is the standardized DIC monitoring dataset, is the mean of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standardized infrared monitoring data set, is the mean value of the infrared monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the infrared monitoring dataset.

[0042] Step 3: Build a unified state data set; The normalized DIC monitoring displacement dataset And the standardized infrared monitoring temperature dataset Fusion into a unified state dataset:

[0043] in, For one Data table, is the dimension of the fused data points.

[0044] Step 4: Perform principal component analysis on the unified state data set; In order to further extract the main features of the fused data, the unified state dataset Conduct principal component analysis, which includes: Unified state dataset Perform mean centering:

[0045] in, yes The overall mean of Calculate the covariance matrix :

[0046] in, is the mean-centered matrix; Extract the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix to form a new data representation (i.e., eigendecomposition):

[0047] in, is the covariance matrix The characteristic value of is the covariance matrix The eigenvector of Dimensionality reduction: Before selection principal components , generate a new fusion feature set:

[0048] By generating a fusion feature set Statistical analysis is performed to obtain the main deformation modes and temperature change areas, and then the correlation between displacement and temperature components is determined to find the direct impact of water scouring on the monitoring points. Multiple tests are carried out using water flows with different flow rates, directions, and temperatures. The experimental data from multiple experiments are compared, a model feedback and evaluation system is established, and finally a design improvement strategy for pile layout is formulated to improve the stability of piles in complex marine environments.

[0049] Although the present invention has been described using the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art who makes various changes and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile scour monitoring experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a model box (1), wherein a plurality of vertical pile bodies (2) are arranged inside the model box (1), a seabed assembly (3) for simulating the seabed morphology is arranged at the bottom of the model box (1), the lower part of the pile body (2) is inserted into the seabed assembly (3) from top to bottom, a nozzle (4) for supplying water to the inside of the model box (1) is arranged on the peripheral wall of the model box (1), the nozzle (4) is connected to a water storage tank (7) through a water inlet pipeline (5), a water supply pump (8) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (5), and a DIC measurement system (10) for monitoring displacement and strain changes and an infrared measurement device (11) for monitoring temperature changes are arranged above the model box (1).

2. The pile scour monitoring experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seabed assembly (3) comprises a sand layer (31), the lower part of the pile body (2) is inserted into the sand layer (31) from top to bottom, an elastically deformable bottom pad (32) is provided below the sand layer (31), and a driving mechanism for causing the bottom pad (32) to deform is provided below the bottom pad (32).

3. The pile scour monitoring experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises multiple groups, which are evenly distributed below the bottom pad (32). The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder (33), and the hydraulic cylinder (33) abuts against the bottom pad (32).

4. The pile scour monitoring experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of spray heads (4), which are respectively connected to water inlet pipelines (5). The plurality of water inlet pipelines (5) are integrated on a water distributor (6), and the water distributor (6) is connected to a water storage tank (7) via pipelines.

5. The pile scour monitoring experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (4) is an adjustable universal nozzle (4).

6. A monitoring data fusion analysis method applied to the pile scour monitoring experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Construct DIC monitoring dataset and infrared monitoring dataset; Step 2: Standardize the DIC monitoring data set and the infrared monitoring data set; Step 3: Build a unified state data set; Step 4: Perform principal component analysis on the unified state data set, and obtain the main deformation modes and temperature change areas by analyzing the simplified data set.

7. The monitoring data fusion analysis method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, the DIC monitoring data set is set as: ； in For the Line The displacement vector at the column point, and are the number of samples measured in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively; Set the infrared monitoring data set to: ； in For the Line The temperature values ​​at the points.

8. The monitoring data fusion analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the DIC monitoring data set And infrared monitoring dataset After standardization, the calculation formula is as follows: ； in, is the standardized DIC monitoring dataset, is the mean of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the DIC monitoring data set, is the standardized infrared monitoring dataset, is the mean value of the infrared monitoring data set, is the standard deviation of the infrared monitoring dataset.

9. The monitoring data fusion analysis method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the standardized data sets are integrated into a unified state data set: ； in, For one Datasets, is the dimension of the fused data points.

10. The monitoring data fusion analysis method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step 4, the principal component analysis includes: Unified state dataset Perform mean centering: ； in, yes The overall mean of Calculate the covariance matrix : ； in, is the mean-centered matrix; Extract the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix to form a new data representation: ； in, is the covariance matrix The characteristic value of is the covariance matrix The eigenvector of Dimensionality reduction: Before selection principal components , generate a new fusion feature set: ； By generating a fusion dataset Statistical analysis was performed to obtain the main deformation modes and temperature change areas, and then the correlation between displacement and temperature components was determined.

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