Ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method, device and rail detection system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method, device, and rail inspection system. The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe excitation delay detection method includes: providing a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; controlling a second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtaining a second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; obtaining the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the total conversion time of the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe; and determining the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe based on the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion time. The technical solution of the present invention can improve the reliability and accuracy of determining the excitation delay duration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail detection, and in particular to an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method, device and rail detection system. Background Art

[0002] Rails are a crucial foundation for rail transportation, and their health directly impacts both rail transportation and the safety of people's lives and property. Rail condition is easily affected by factors such as temperature fluctuations, train load pressure, and geological changes, leading to damage and breakage, which seriously impacts train safety.

[0003] Existing technologies primarily rely on ultrasonic guided waves to monitor rail breakage. This technology couples acoustic energy into the rail through an acoustic excitation device, and then collects the acoustic signal at a receiving node far from the rail. When a rail breaks, the propagation of the guided wave signal is affected, allowing for rail break detection based on the characteristic changes in the acoustic signal.

[0004] Typically, a transducer is installed at the rail's transmitting node as an excitation source, with a maximum monitoring distance of 2 km. However, in field applications, acoustic wave propagation is susceptible to rail wear, temperature fluctuations, and rain and snow cover. This results in a reduced signal-to-noise ratio of the guided wave signal at the receiving node during long-term operation of the rail detection system, leading to false alarms in the system. To address this issue, multiple excitation transducers can be installed at intervals at the transmitting node, providing excitation signals through multiple excitation transducers to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. However, the different phases of the excitation signals provided by each excitation transducer may lead to problems such as a weakening of the overall excitation signal. Therefore, improving the phase consistency of each excitation signal has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method, device and rail detection system to improve the reliability and accuracy of determining the excitation delay duration.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an excitation delay detection method for an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, which is performed using a rail detection system. The rail detection system includes at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at a detection transmitting end of the rail, and an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at a detection receiving end of the rail; the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are spaced apart along an extension direction of the rail;

[0007] The ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method includes:

[0008] providing a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; and the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe along an extension direction of the rail;

[0009] controlling a second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtaining a second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe;

[0010] Obtaining the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe;

[0011] The excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is determined according to the first moment, the second moment and the total conversion duration.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe includes:

[0013] When the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is arranged in close contact with the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a third moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal;

[0014] controlling the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtaining a fourth moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal;

[0015] The total conversion duration is determined according to the third moment and the fourth moment.

[0016] Optionally, determining the total conversion duration according to the third moment and the fourth moment includes:

[0017] The difference between the fourth moment and the third moment is used as the total conversion duration.

[0018] Optionally, determining the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration includes:

[0019] The difference between the second moment and the first moment is taken as the total duration;

[0020] The time difference between the total time and the total conversion time is calculated, and the time difference is used as the excitation delay time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

[0021] Optionally, the rail detection system further includes a control device, the control device including a switch unit and a temperature detection device, the temperature detection device being used to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit;

[0022] Before providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment, the method further includes:

[0023] Acquiring the current temperature of the switch unit;

[0024] Determining whether the current temperature is less than a preset temperature;

[0025] If so, the step of providing a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment is performed.

[0026] Optionally, if the current temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device integrated into a rail detection system, characterized in that the rail detection system includes at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at a detection transmitting end of the rail, and an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at a detection receiving end of the rail; the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the rail;

[0028] The ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device comprises:

[0029] an electrical signal providing module, configured to provide a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; wherein the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe along the extension direction of the rail;

[0030] an ultrasonic guided wave signal acquisition module, configured to control a second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal and obtain a second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe;

[0031] A total conversion time acquisition module is used to obtain the total conversion time of the electrical signal-guided wave signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the guided wave signal-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe;

[0032] The excitation delay duration determination module is used to determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment and the total conversion duration.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a rail detection system comprising: at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at a detection transmitting end of the rail, an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at a detection receiving end of the rail, and a control device;

[0034] The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the rail; each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is used to provide an ultrasonic guided wave signal, and the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe is used to receive the ultrasonic guided wave signal and convert the ultrasonic guided wave signal into a detection electrical signal;

[0035] The control device is used to execute the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method described in the first aspect.

[0036] Optionally, the control device includes: a switch unit and a temperature detection device arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes; the temperature detection device is used to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit, and the switch unit is used to provide an excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

[0037] Optionally, after the control device obtains the excitation delay time, the control device is further used to provide a third excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first time within a preset time period; and provide a fourth excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a second time; the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe is used to receive a third ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the third excitation electrical signal, and a fourth ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the fourth excitation electrical signal;

[0038] The second time is a time delay of the excitation delay time starting from the first time.

[0039] The technical solution provided by the present invention provides a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the influence of the first excitation electrical signal. A second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is controlled to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and a second moment at which the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal is obtained. The total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguided signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is then obtained. The total conversion time and the total transmission time of the ultrasonic guided wave signal from the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be obtained through the first moment and the second moment, and then the excitation delay time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be determined according to the total time and the total conversion time to improve the reliability and accuracy of the excitation delay time, so as to control the time of providing the excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the excitation delay time in the future, so as to improve the phase consistency of the ultrasonic guided wave signals provided by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength of the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe in the rail detection system, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a rail detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of another rail detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for detecting excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the signal delay waveform of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 A flowchart of another method for detecting excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A flowchart of another method for detecting excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rail detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the rail detection system includes at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 located at the detection transmitting end 101 of the rail 10, an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe 30 located at the detection receiving end 102 of the rail 10, and a control device 40; each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20 is arranged at intervals along the extension direction X of the rail 10.

[0049] The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20 and the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe 30 include transducers and the like, and can be configured according to actual needs, which are not specifically limited here.

[0050] Specifically, at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 are provided at the detection transmitting end 101, so that the detection transmitting end 101 can emit at least two ultrasonic guided wave signals. The ultrasonic guided wave signals are superimposed to form a total transmitted ultrasonic guided wave signal, so as to enhance the signal strength transmitted to the detection receiving end 102, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe 30. After the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe 30 converts the ultrasonic guided wave signal with a higher signal-to-noise ratio into a detection electrical signal, when the fracture state of the rail is determined according to the detection electrical signal, the detection reliability of the rail detection system for rail fracture can be improved.

[0051] The control device 40 is used to execute the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method provided by any embodiment of the present invention. For details, please refer to the following description of the method, which will not be repeated here.

[0052] It is understandable that Figure 1 Only the structure of setting two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 at the detection transmitting end of the rail is shown in FIG. 2 , and more than two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 may be set at the detection transmitting end of the rail according to actual needs, such as Figure 2As shown, n ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 are arranged at intervals in the detection transmitting end 101, namely ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 21, 22, ..., 2n. The number of ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 arranged at the detection transmitting end 101 can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. The more ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 are arranged at the detection transmitting end 101, the more ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes 20 will provide ultrasonic guided wave signals when the rail detection system is used to detect whether the rail is broken, so that the total transmitted ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the detection transmitting end 101 can be enhanced. Then, when the total transmitted ultrasonic guided wave signal is transmitted to the detection receiving end 102 through the rail 10, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe 30 can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of rail fracture detection.

[0053] Optional, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The control device 40 includes a switch unit 41 and a temperature detection device 42 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20; the temperature detection device 42 is used to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit 41, and the switch unit 41 is used to provide an excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20.

[0054] The switch unit 41 includes a switch device such as an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and multiple switch devices can be provided in the switch unit 41. The temperature detection device 42 includes a thermocouple sensor, a thermal resistor sensor, a thermistor, an infrared temperature sensor, and other temperature measurement devices, and can be provided according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0055] Specifically, the control device 40 controls the on or off state of the switch unit 41 so that the switch unit 41 can provide a high-frequency AC excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20, and the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20 then outputs an ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the excitation electrical signal. The temperature detection device 42 can be attached to the surface of the switch unit 41, etc., to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit 41. If the current temperature of the switch unit 41 is too high, it means that the switch unit 41 is currently operating abnormally. If it continues to be in the working state, it may affect the excitation electrical signal transmitted to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20, thereby affecting the quality of the ultrasonic guided wave signal generated by the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20 and reducing the reliability of rail detection. Therefore, by setting the temperature detection device 42 to detect the current temperature of the switch unit 41 in real time, and then determine the working state of the switch unit 41, the rail detection reliability of the rail detection system is improved.

[0056] Optionally, the control device 40 also includes a resonance unit and an AC power supply end that are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe. The AC power supply end is used to provide a 220V AC signal. The resonance unit is electrically connected to the AC power supply end and the switch unit 41, respectively. The resonance unit is used to convert the AC signal into a 310V DC signal. The control device 40 controls the on and off states of each switching device in the switch unit 41, so that the switch unit 41 can provide the required high-frequency AC excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20.

[0057] In order to make the ultrasonic guided wave signals provided by each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 20 have the same phase, the present invention provides an excitation delay detection method for the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to calculate the excitation delay time of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, so that the ultrasonic guided wave signals provided by each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe have the same phase, thereby improving the reliability of signal enhancement. Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for detecting the excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This method can be performed by an excitation delay detection device for an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The excitation delay detection device for an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The excitation delay detection device for an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be integrated into a rail detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the excitation delay detection method of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe includes:

[0058] S101. Provide a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal.

[0059] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0060] Specifically, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of signal delay waveform of ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 At the first moment t1, a first excitation electrical signal A1 is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21. A capacitive device may exist inside the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21, so that after receiving the first excitation electrical signal A1, the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21 emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal A2 after a delay of τ1. The first ultrasonic guided wave signal A2 propagates along the extension direction X of the rail 10 toward the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22.

[0061] S102: Control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtain the second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal.

[0062] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0063] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 There is a certain distance between the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21 and the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave signal A2 is received by the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22 after a time t. The components inside the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22 require a certain working time τ2 to convert the first ultrasonic guided wave signal A2 into the first electrical signal B1. By recording the second time t2 when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22 converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal A2 into the first electrical signal B1, and the first time t1 when the first excitation electrical signal A1 is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21, the total time of the conversion time τ1 of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21 to convert the excitation electrical signal into the ultrasonic guided wave signal, the transmission time t of the ultrasonic guided wave signal from the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21 to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22, and the conversion time τ2 of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22 to convert the guided wave signal into the electrical signal is obtained.

[0064] S103: Obtain the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

[0065] Specifically, the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe represents the first delay duration for the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to convert the excitation electrical signal into the ultrasonic guided wave signal. The waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe represents the second delay duration for the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to convert the ultrasonic guided wave signal into the electrical signal. The total conversion time represents the sum of the first delay duration and the second delay duration. The total conversion time can be measured in advance through experiments or other methods and is not specifically limited here.

[0066] S104: Determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration.

[0067] The excitation delay time refers to the delay time for providing the second excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe after the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a certain moment.

[0068] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 Calculate the difference T between the second time t2 and the first time t1. This difference represents the total duration of the electrical signal-to-guided wave signal conversion time τ1 of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21, the transmission time t of the ultrasonic guided wave signal from the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 21 to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22, and the guided wave signal-to-electrical signal conversion time τ2 of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe 22. The excitation delay time t is then calculated by calculating the difference between the difference T and the total conversion time (τ1 + τ2).

[0069] Optionally, the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is determined based on the first moment, the second moment and the total conversion duration, including: taking the difference between the second moment and the first moment as the total duration; calculating the time difference between the total duration and the total conversion duration, and taking the time difference as the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

[0070] Specifically, total duration T = t2 - t1 = (τ1 + τ2) + t, where t1 is the first moment and t2 is the second moment. Both t1 and t2 can be measured by the rail detection system. The total conversion duration (τ1 + τ2) can also be obtained through experiments. Therefore, the excitation delay duration t can be obtained by calculating the difference between the total duration T and the total conversion duration (τ1 + τ2).

[0071] The technical solution of the present invention provides a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the influence of the first excitation electrical signal. A second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is controlled to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and a second moment at which the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal is obtained. The total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguided signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is then obtained. The total conversion time and the total transmission time of the ultrasonic guided wave signal from the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be obtained through the first moment and the second moment, and then the excitation delay time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be determined according to the total time and the total conversion time to improve the reliability and accuracy of the excitation delay time, so as to control the time of providing the excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the excitation delay time in the future, so as to improve the phase consistency of the ultrasonic guided wave signals provided by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and signal strength of the ultrasonic guided wave signal received by the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe in the rail detection system, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 5This is a flow chart of another method for detecting excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment of the present invention describes the situation of obtaining the total conversion time of the electrical signal-guided wave signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the guide wave signal-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe. Figure 5 As shown, the excitation delay detection method of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe includes:

[0073] S201. Provide a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal.

[0074] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0075] S202: Control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtain the second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal.

[0076] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0077] S203. When the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is fitted with the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, a first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a third moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal.

[0078] Specifically, when the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is fitted with the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, the ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be directly received by the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, or the ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can also be directly received by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe. Figure 4 When the first ultrasonic transmitting probe and the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe are installed in close contact, after providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the third moment, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can obtain the first ultrasonic guided wave signal after a delay of τ1, that is, Figure 4 t=0 in .

[0079] S204: Control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtain a fourth moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal.

[0080] Specifically, after a delay of τ1, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can obtain the first ultrasonic guided wave signal. The second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe also needs to go through a waveguide signal-electrical signal conversion time τ2 before it can obtain the first electrical signal. The fourth moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal can be recorded.

[0081] S205: Determine the total conversion duration according to the third moment and the fourth moment.

[0082] Optionally, the total conversion duration is determined based on the third moment and the fourth moment, including taking the difference between the fourth moment and the third moment as the total conversion duration.

[0083] Specifically, the third moment represents the time when the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, and the fourth moment represents the moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal. By calculating the difference between the fourth moment and the third moment, the total conversion time (τ1+τ2) can be obtained.

[0084] S206. Determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration.

[0085] The technical solution of the present invention is to arrange the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe in close contact so that the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can directly receive the ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, so that the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a third moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal, control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtain the fourth moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal, and use the difference between the fourth moment and the third moment as the determination of the total conversion time to improve the accuracy of determining the total conversion time, thereby improving the reliability of determining the excitation delay time.

[0086] Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention describes the situation before the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment. Figure 6 A flowchart of another method for detecting excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method includes:

[0087] S301: Acquire the current temperature of the switch unit.

[0088] The current temperature of the switch unit indicates the current temperature of the switch unit.

[0089] Specifically, the current temperature of the switch unit can be obtained using a temperature detection device. When the switch unit includes only one switch device, the current temperature of the switch unit is the current temperature of the switch device; when the switch unit includes multiple switch devices, the current temperature of the switch unit is the maximum temperature of each switch device.

[0090] S302: Determine whether the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature; if so, execute S303.

[0091] The preset temperature may be a fixed value or a non-fixed value, and may be set according to the specific selection or parameters of the switch unit, which is not specifically limited here.

[0092] Specifically, if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature, it means that the current working state of the switch unit is normal. At this time, the on and off states of the switch device in the switch unit can be adjusted to improve the signal reliability of the subsequent provision of the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe through the switch unit, thereby improving the reliability of determining the excitation delay time.

[0093] Optionally, if the current temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped.

[0094] Specifically, if the current temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature, the switch unit is malfunctioning. Continuing to provide the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe through the switch unit will result in an abnormality in the provided first excitation electrical signal, which in turn may render the determined excitation delay duration unreliable or erroneous. Therefore, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped only when the current temperature is less than a preset temperature, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of determining the excitation delay duration.

[0095] It should be noted that the first current temperature of the first switch unit corresponding to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the second current temperature of the second switch unit corresponding to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be obtained, and the above judgment is performed on the first current temperature and the second current temperature respectively. When at least one of the first current temperature and the second current temperature does not meet the condition of being less than the preset temperature, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped to improve the accuracy and reliability of determining the excitation delay time. Among them, reference Figure 2 The first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be 21 and 22 respectively, or 21 and 23 respectively, or 21 and 2n respectively, or 22 and 23 respectively, etc., and can be set according to actual needs, without specific limitation here.

[0096] S303: Provide a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal.

[0097] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0098] S304: Control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtain the second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal.

[0099] Wherein, along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe.

[0100] S305: Obtain the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

[0101] S306: Determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration.

[0102] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention requires providing an excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe through the switch unit in the rail detection system. Therefore, by obtaining the current temperature of the switch unit, if the current temperature is less than the preset temperature, it indicates that the current switch unit is operating normally, and a stable and reliable excitation electrical signal can be provided to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe. At this time, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment can be performed to improve the reliability of determining the excitation delay duration. If the current temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature, it indicates that the current switch unit is operating abnormally. At this time, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped to prevent the first excitation electrical signal from being abnormal, which in turn leads to errors in the determined excitation delay duration.

[0103] Optionally, after the control device obtains the excitation delay time, the control device is further used to provide a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first time within a preset time period; and provide a second excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a second time; the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe is used to receive a first ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the first excitation electrical signal, and a second ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the second excitation electrical signal;

[0104] The second time is the time from the first time to the delayed excitation delay. The preset time period can be set in advance. For example, the preset time period includes 2:00-3:00, 14:00-15:00 and 21:00-22:00, and can be other, which is not specifically limited here.

[0105] Specifically, after obtaining the excitation delay time, the control device provides a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first time within a preset time period, and then provides a second excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a second time after the delayed excitation delay time, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can have the same phase as the second ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe. The first ultrasonic guided wave signal and the second ultrasonic guided wave signal are superimposed and transmitted to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe, thereby improving the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic guided wave signal transmitted to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe, thereby improving the reliability of detection of rail fractures.

[0106] It should be noted that the above description only uses two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes as an example. Multiple ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes can be set at the detection transmitting end. The excitation delay duration of each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be obtained according to the above method, and then the time for providing the excitation electrical signal to each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe can be controlled according to each excitation delay duration, thereby improving the signal strength of the ultrasonic guided wave signal provided by the detection transmitting end.

[0107] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software and integrated into a rail detection system. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device includes:

[0108] The electrical signal providing module 51 is configured to provide a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe;

[0109] The ultrasonic guided wave signal acquisition module 52 is used to control the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal and obtain the second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe;

[0110] A total conversion time acquisition module 53 is used to obtain the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe;

[0111] The excitation delay duration determining module 54 is configured to determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration.

[0112] The ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can execute the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. The similarities can be referred to the above description.

[0113] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the excitation delay of an ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, which is performed using a rail detection system, is characterized in that: The rail detection system includes at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at a detection transmitting end of the rail, and an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at a detection receiving end of the rail; The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the rail; The ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method includes: providing a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; and the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe along an extension direction of the rail; controlling a second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtaining a second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe; Obtaining the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe; Determining an excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration; Determining an excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe according to the first moment, the second moment, and the total conversion duration includes: The difference between the second moment and the first moment is taken as the total duration; The time difference between the total time and the total conversion time is calculated, and the time difference is used as the excitation delay time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

2. The excitation delay detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the total conversion time of the electrical signal-to-waveguide signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the waveguide signal-to-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, including: When the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is arranged in close contact with the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe, the first excitation electrical signal is provided to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a third moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits the first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; controlling the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal, and obtaining a fourth moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into the first electrical signal; The total conversion duration is determined according to the third moment and the fourth moment.

3. The excitation delay detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the total conversion duration according to the third moment and the fourth moment includes: The difference between the fourth moment and the third moment is used as the total conversion duration.

4. The excitation delay detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail detection system further includes a control device, the control device including a switch unit and a temperature detection device, the temperature detection device being used to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit; Before providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment, the method further includes: Acquiring the current temperature of the switch unit; Determining whether the current temperature is less than a preset temperature; If so, the step of providing a first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment is performed.

5. The excitation delay detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the current temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature, the step of providing the first excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at the first moment is stopped.

6. An ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device, integrated into a rail detection system, characterized in that: The rail detection system includes at least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at a detection transmitting end of the rail, and an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at a detection receiving end of the rail; The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the rail; The ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection device comprises: an electrical signal providing module, configured to provide a first excitation electrical signal to a first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first moment, so that the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe emits a first ultrasonic guided wave signal under the action of the first excitation electrical signal; wherein the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side away from the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe along the extension direction of the rail; an ultrasonic guided wave signal acquisition module, configured to control a second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe to receive the first ultrasonic guided wave signal and obtain a second moment when the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe converts the first ultrasonic guided wave signal into a first electrical signal; along the extension direction of the rail, the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is located on a side of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe close to the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe; A total conversion time acquisition module is used to obtain the total conversion time of the electrical signal-guided wave signal conversion time of the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe and the guided wave signal-electrical signal conversion time of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe; An excitation delay duration determination module is used to determine the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe based on the first moment, the second moment and the total conversion duration; determining the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe based on the first moment, the second moment and the total conversion duration, including: taking the difference between the second moment and the first moment as the total duration; calculating the time difference between the total duration and the total conversion duration, and taking the time difference as the excitation delay duration of the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

7. A rail detection system, characterized in that: include: At least two ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes located at the detection transmitting end of the rail, an ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe located at the detection receiving end of the rail, and a control device; The ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the rail; each ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe is used to provide an ultrasonic guided wave signal, and the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe is used to receive the ultrasonic guided wave signal and convert the ultrasonic guided wave signal into a detection electrical signal; The control device is used to execute the ultrasonic guided wave excitation delay detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. The rail detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control device includes: a switch unit and a temperature detection device arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probes; the temperature detection device is used to obtain the current temperature of the switch unit, and the switch unit is used to provide an excitation electrical signal to the ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe.

9. The rail detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the control device obtains the excitation delay time, the control device is further configured to provide a third excitation electrical signal to the first ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a first time within a preset time period; and provide a fourth excitation electrical signal to the second ultrasonic guided wave transmitting probe at a second time; and the ultrasonic guided wave receiving probe is configured to receive a third ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the third excitation electrical signal and a fourth ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the fourth excitation electrical signal; The second time is a time delay of the excitation delay time starting from the first time.

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