Scanning signal generation method, apparatus, device, and medium

Abstract

The application provides a scanning signal generation method, device, equipment and medium, and belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to different frequencies of a controllable source, obtaining a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve restricting the design of a scanning signal, generating a frequency-amplitude curve with a full-drive starting frequency appearing before a transition zone based on the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, generating a scanning signal of the controllable source based on the frequency-amplitude curve, and respectively designing a low-harmonic distortion scanning signal for each controllable source based on the performance and harmonic development of each controllable source. The scheme not only solves the problem of sudden increase of force signal in the transition zone, but also solves the problem of serious low-frequency harmonic distortion of force signal in the low-frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a scanning signal generation method, device, equipment and medium. Background Art

[0002] As seismic exploration becomes increasingly sophisticated, the bandwidth requirements for seismic data are also increasing. In some cases, the bandwidth of seismic data is required to exceed six octaves, with the lowest frequency as low as 1.5 Hz and the highest frequency reaching 130 Hz. However, the frequency range used by traditional controllable vibrators is 6 Hz to 120 Hz, with a bandwidth of approximately four octaves, which is far from meeting this requirement. This is mainly due to the performance limitations of the controllable vibrators themselves.

[0003] Currently, the frequency at which a vibrator can achieve maximum output generally lies between 5Hz and 6Hz. Below 5Hz, the output of the vibrator is far less than its maximum output. From 0Hz to 6Hz, the output of the vibrator can only be increased slowly and gradually to reach its maximum output. Therefore, vibrator excitation cannot use traditional linear sweep signals, and must rely on user-defined sweep signals to achieve broadband sweeps with a starting frequency as low as 1.5Hz.

[0004] However, since user-defined sweep signals are all nonlinear sweep signals, the technique of reducing the source output and increasing the sweep time is usually adopted in the low-frequency part, and the transition to linear sweep can only be made above 6Hz. However, the full-drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator (5Hz to 6Hz) is exactly in the transition zone between the nonlinear and linear sweep signals (such as Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2), the force signal distortion in the transition zone suddenly increases during vibroseis scanning (as shown in Figure 2). Figure 2 This reduces the accuracy of seismic data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and medium for generating a scanning signal, which can control the full-drive starting frequency of a vibrator to be before the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal. This eliminates the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in this transition zone during vibrator scanning, significantly reduces force signal distortion, and improves the accuracy of seismic data. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, a scanning signal generating method is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Performing a performance test on the vibrator based on a plurality of first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, wherein the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is used to represent a maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator when the vibrator is excited by a sweep signal of the first frequency;

[0008] Fitting the multiple first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve;

[0009] acquiring a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and the constraint condition is used to indicate that a full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before a transition zone between a nonlinearity and a linearity of a scanning signal;

[0010] Fitting the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve;

[0011] A sweep signal of the vibrator is generated based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the constraint conditions include:

[0013] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part;

[0014] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude;

[0015] The frequency at which the driving amplitude reaches 100% in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is above 8 Hz;

[0016] The shape of the curve before and after the full drive starting frequency of the vibrator in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is made to be approximately a straight line;

[0017] The full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the nearly horizontal inflection point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0018] In a possible implementation, after generating the scanning signal of the vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve, the method further includes:

[0019] Based on the scanning signal, controlling the vibrator to fire N shots;

[0020] collecting the weight acceleration of the vibrator during the excitation process of the vibrator;

[0021] The scanning signal is corrected based on the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator to reduce low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0022] In a possible implementation, after correcting the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator to reduce low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the vibrator, the method further includes:

[0023] Repeat the steps of controlling the controllable vibrator to excite N shots based on the current scanning signal, collecting the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator during the excitation process of the controllable vibrator, and correcting the current scanning information based on the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator, until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable vibrator meets the preset conditions, or until the number of repetitions reaches the target number.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the weight acceleration collected during the vibrator excitation process is the weight acceleration corresponding to the N shots respectively; and the correction of the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator includes:

[0025] Determining correction values ​​of the scanning signals based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot;

[0026] The correction value corresponding to each shot is counted to obtain the target correction value;

[0027] The scanning signal is corrected based on the target correction value.

[0028] In a possible implementation, determining the correction value of the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot includes:

[0029] determining a correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, a maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and first relationship data, wherein the first relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and the correction target signal;

[0030] The correction value of the scanning signal is determined based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the second relationship data. The high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where the harmonics are distorted, and the second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the correction value of the scanning signal.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the correcting the scanning signal based on the target correction value includes:

[0032] Setting an initial value of a correction iterative signal as a correction target signal, and updating the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value;

[0033] determining a low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator based on the updated corrected iterative signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, a maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box, and third relationship data, wherein the third relationship data is used to represent a relationship between the corrected iterative signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box, and the low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator;

[0034] The low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator is used as the scanning signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0035] In another aspect, a scanning signal generating device is provided, the device comprising:

[0036] a testing module configured to perform a performance test on the vibrator based on a plurality of first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, wherein the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency represents a maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator when the vibrator is excited by a sweep signal of the first frequency;

[0037] a fitting module, configured to fit the plurality of first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve;

[0038] an acquisition module, configured to acquire a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and the constraint condition is used to indicate that a full-drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before a transition zone between a nonlinearity and a linearity of a scanning signal;

[0039] The fitting module is further configured to fit the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve;

[0040] A generating module is used to generate a scanning signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the constraint conditions include:

[0042] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part;

[0043] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude;

[0044] The frequency at which the driving amplitude reaches 100% in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is above 8 Hz;

[0045] The shape of the curve before and after the full drive starting frequency of the vibrator in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is made to be approximately a straight line;

[0046] The full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the nearly horizontal inflection point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0048] A control module, configured to control the vibrator to fire N shots based on the scanning signal;

[0049] An acquisition module, configured to acquire the weight acceleration of the vibrator during the vibrator excitation process;

[0050] The correction module is used to correct the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the controllable source, so as to reduce the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable source.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0052] A repetition module is used to repeatedly execute the steps of controlling the controllable source to excite N shots based on the current scanning signal, collecting the hammer acceleration of the controllable source during the excitation of the controllable source, and correcting the current scanning information based on the hammer acceleration of the controllable source, until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable source meets the preset conditions, or until the number of repetitions reaches the target number.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the weight accelerations collected during the vibrator excitation process are weight accelerations corresponding to the N shots respectively;

[0054] The correction module is used to determine the correction value of the scanning signal based on the hammer acceleration corresponding to each shot; perform statistics on the correction value corresponding to each shot to obtain a target correction value; and correct the scanning signal based on the target correction value.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the correction module is used to determine a correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box of the controllable vibrator and first relationship data, wherein the first relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box and the correction target signal; and to determine a correction value of the scanning signal based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable vibrator, the mass of the weight, a high-cut filter function and second relationship data, wherein the high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where harmonics are distorted, and the second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable vibrator, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the correction value of the scanning signal.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the correction module is used to set the initial value of the correction iterative signal as the correction target signal, and update the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value; determine the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source based on the updated correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum drive amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source and third relationship data, and the third relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum drive amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source and the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source; and use the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source as the scanning signal of the controllable source.

[0057] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the scanning signal generation method as described in any of the above implementations.

[0058] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which at least one program code is stored. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the scanning signal generating method as described in any of the above implementations.

[0059] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, comprising at least one program code, wherein the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the scanning signal generating method as described in any of the above implementations.

[0060] An embodiment of the present application provides a scanning signal generation method. Considering that the source full drive starting frequency is located in the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal, which is the main reason for the sudden increase in the force signal distortion in the transition zone during source scanning, a frequency-drive amplitude curve is generated by obtaining multiple second frequencies that meet the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve and constraint conditions and the drive amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, so that the position of the source full drive starting frequency is located before the transition zone, eliminating the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone during controllable source scanning, greatly reducing the distortion of the force signal, and improving the accuracy of seismic data.

[0061] In addition, the embodiments of the present application also take into account the problem that due to the widespread dead zone inside the servo valve in the hydraulic control system of the controllable source, the force signal of the controllable source exhibits severe harmonic distortion in the low-frequency band when the controllable source is driven to scan. Therefore, a special low-harmonic distortion scanning signal is designed for each controllable source, and the controllable source is tested with the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal. According to the harmonic distortion removal effect, the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal of each controllable source is optimized, and then tested. The optimization process is repeated to obtain the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal of each controllable source. Each controllable source is loaded with its own low-harmonic distortion scanning signal, so that when each controllable source scans, the harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable source can be greatly suppressed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a relationship diagram between a full drive starting frequency and a scanning signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a force signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a scanning signal generating method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a scanning signal generating method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 5 This is a relationship diagram between a full drive starting frequency and a scanning signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 6Schematic diagram of a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a frequency-driving amplitude curve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a low-distortion, low-frequency scanning signal, a force signal corresponding to the low-distortion, low-frequency scanning signal, a harmonic distortion diagram of the force signal, and a time-frequency spectrum diagram of the force signal, provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a target signal correction provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 9 1 is a schematic diagram of a low harmonic distortion signal obtained after correcting an iterative correction signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a force signal corresponding to a scanning signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a force signal corresponding to a low harmonic distortion signal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a frequency-driving amplitude curve provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 13 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-distortion low-frequency scanning signal and a time-frequency spectrum of the low-distortion low-frequency scanning signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of a scanning signal generating device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0081] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a scanning signal generation method provided by an embodiment of the present application. This embodiment of the present application is illustrated by taking a computer device as an example. Figure 3 , the method comprising:

[0082] 301. The computer device performs a performance test on the controllable vibrator based on multiple first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency. The maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is used to represent the maximum driving amplitude allowed for the controllable vibrator when the controllable vibrator is excited by a scanning signal of the first frequency.

[0083] In some embodiments, the value range of the multiple first frequencies is the frequency range used for controllable seismic source excitation. In other embodiments, since the force signal of the controllable seismic source is suddenly distorted and becomes larger in the transition zone between nonlinearity and linearity, the scanning signal generation method of the present application is mainly aimed at the nonlinear part of the scanning signal and the transition zone between nonlinearity and linearity, so that the value range of the multiple first frequencies can be the frequency range corresponding to the nonlinear part of the scanning signal and the transition zone between nonlinearity and linearity. In other words, the multiple first frequencies belong to the low-frequency band. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application is only an illustrative description of the value range of the multiple first frequencies, and does not limit the value range of the multiple first frequencies.

[0084] In some embodiments, the multiple first frequencies are input by a user. In other embodiments, the multiple first frequencies are pre-set, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the multiple first frequencies.

[0085] Based on multiple first frequencies, the performance of the controllable seismic source is tested to obtain the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, which means: controlling the controllable seismic source to be excited according to the first frequency, and determining the driving amplitude corresponding to the maximum output of the controllable seismic source during the excitation process. This driving amplitude is the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency.

[0086] 302. The computer device performs fitting on the multiple first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve.

[0087] The computer device can use any curve fitting method to fit the multiple first frequencies and the maximum drive amplitude corresponding to each first frequency. The embodiments of this application do not limit the curve fitting method. In some embodiments, the computer device uses a piecewise cubic spline curve fitting method to fit the multiple first frequencies and the maximum drive amplitude corresponding to each first frequency.

[0088] 303. The computer device obtains a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, wherein the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and the constraint condition is used to indicate that the full-drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before a transition zone between the nonlinearity and the linearity of the scanning signal.

[0089] In one possible implementation, the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency are input by a user. The computer device obtaining the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency includes: the computer device obtaining the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency input by the user.

[0090] In another possible implementation, the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency are automatically generated by a computer device. Obtaining the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency by the computer device includes: obtaining the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency by the computer device based on a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the constraints include the following five items: making the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part; making the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude; making the frequency when the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve reaches 100% driving amplitude be above 8 Hz; making the curve shape before and after the full-drive starting frequency of the controllable source in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve be approximately a straight line; and making the full-drive starting frequency of the controllable source appear before the nearly horizontal turning point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0092] 304. The computer device performs fitting on the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0093] The above step 304 is similar to the above step 302 and will not be described in detail here.

[0094] 305. The computer device generates a scanning signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0095] When the computer device generates a sweep signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve, the amplitude corresponding to the frequency in the sweep signal can be matched with the driving amplitude corresponding to the frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0096] The scanning signal generation method provided in the embodiment of the present application takes into account that the source full drive starting frequency is located in the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal, which is the main reason for the sudden increase in the force signal distortion in the transition zone during source scanning. By obtaining multiple second frequencies that meet the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and constraint conditions and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, a frequency-driving amplitude curve is generated, so that the position of the source full drive starting frequency is located before the transition zone, eliminating the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone during controllable source scanning, greatly reducing the distortion of the force signal, and improving the accuracy of seismic data.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the constraints include the following five items:

[0098] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part;

[0099] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude;

[0100] The frequency at which the driving amplitude reaches 100% in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is above 8 Hz;

[0101] The shape of the curve before and after the full drive starting frequency of the vibrator in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is made to be approximately a straight line;

[0102] The full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the nearly horizontal inflection point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0103] In a possible implementation, after generating a scanning signal of the vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve, the method further includes:

[0104] Based on the scanning signal, the vibrator is controlled to fire N shots;

[0105] Collect the acceleration of the vibrator's hammer during the vibrator excitation process;

[0106] Based on the acceleration of the vibrator's hammer, the scanning signal is corrected to reduce the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the vibrator's force signal.

[0107] In one possible implementation, after correcting the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator to reduce low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the vibrator, the method further includes:

[0108] Repeat the steps of controlling the vibrator to fire N shots based on the current scanning signal, collecting the weight acceleration of the vibrator during the vibrator excitation process, and correcting the current scanning information based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator, until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the vibrator meets the preset conditions, or until the number of repetitions reaches the target number.

[0109] In one possible implementation, the hammer accelerations collected during the vibrator excitation process are the hammer accelerations corresponding to the N shots. Based on the hammer accelerations of the vibrator, the scanning signal is corrected, including:

[0110] Based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot, the correction value of the scanning signal is determined respectively;

[0111] The correction value corresponding to each shot is counted to obtain the target correction value;

[0112] Based on the target correction value, the scan signal is corrected.

[0113] In one possible implementation, based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot, the correction value of the scanning signal is determined separately, including:

[0114] Determining a correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and first relationship data, the first relationship data being used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and the correction target signal;

[0115] The correction value of the scanning signal is determined based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the second relationship data. The high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where the harmonics are distorted. The second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the correction value of the scanning signal.

[0116] In a possible implementation, correcting the scan signal based on the target correction value includes:

[0117] Setting the initial value of the correction iterative signal as the correction target signal, and updating the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value;

[0118] determining a low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator based on the updated correction iteration signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator source box, and third relationship data, wherein the third relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction iteration signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator source box, and the low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator;

[0119] The low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator is used as the scanning signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0120] All of the above optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of the present application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0121] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a scanning signal generation method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application is illustrated by taking a computer device as an example. Figure 4 , the method comprising:

[0122] 401. The computer device performs a performance test on the controllable vibrator based on multiple first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency. The maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is used to represent the maximum driving amplitude allowed for the controllable vibrator when the controllable vibrator is excited by a scanning signal of the first frequency.

[0123] In a possible implementation, a computer device uses a fixed-frequency variable-amplitude test method to test the low-frequency source performance of the controllable vibrator, and obtains the driving amplitude corresponding to the maximum output of the controllable vibrator at different fixed-frequency points in the low-frequency band, that is, obtains the data pair of the low-frequency fixed-frequency point and its maximum driving amplitude (f i , D i ), where f i is the i-th first frequency, which is also the fixed frequency point; D i is the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the i-th first frequency, where i is any positive integer.

[0124] The fixed-frequency variable-amplitude test method controls the frequency of the vibrator and changes the driving amplitude of the vibrator to test the maximum drive amplitude allowed at that frequency. Low-frequency source performance testing of a vibrator involves testing the source performance of the vibrator using multiple first frequencies within the low-frequency band.

[0125] 402. The computing device performs fitting on the multiple first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve.

[0126] In one possible implementation, a computer device uses a piecewise cubic spline curve fitting method to fit and interpolate the data pairs obtained in step 401 to obtain a frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve. Because the drive amplitude corresponding to a frequency in the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve is the maximum drive amplitude allowed for the vibrator at that frequency, when customizing a sweep signal, the drive amplitude corresponding to a frequency in the sweep signal cannot exceed the drive amplitude corresponding to that frequency in the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve. Therefore, the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve can be considered the upper limit of the drive amplitude of the sweep signal in the frequency domain, and thus, the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve can be considered a constraint condition for customizing the sweep signal.

[0127] In some embodiments, the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve can be expressed as: Dmax i =D(fi), where f i is the frequency, D(f i ) represents the frequency f i Corresponding drive amplitude, Dmax i Indicates that the vibrator is at frequency f i The maximum drive amplitude allowed under this condition.

[0128] 403. The computer device obtains multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency. The multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and the constraint condition. The driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve. The constraint condition is used to indicate that the full-drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal.

[0129] The fact that the source full drive starting frequency is located in the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal is the main reason for the sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone during source scanning. To solve the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone, the embodiment of the present application adopts a method of customizing the scanning signal. When customizing the scanning signal, it is necessary to ensure that the source full drive starting frequency appears before the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the custom scanning signal, and cannot be located at the turning point where the custom scanning signal amplitude transitions from small to large to horizontal. For example, Figure 5 In the scan signal shown, the starting frequency of the source full drive is located before the transition zone.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the plurality of second frequencies and the corresponding driving amplitude of each second frequency are user-defined based on a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve. The plurality of second frequencies and the corresponding driving amplitude of each second frequency are obtained, that is, some key control points of the user-defined frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0131] Among them, the control point is represented by (f j , D j ), where D j ≤Dmax j , f j is the jth second frequency, D j Indicates the driving amplitude corresponding to the jth second frequency, that is, the driving amplitude customized for the jth second frequency, Dmax j It represents the maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator at the jth second frequency, j = 1, 2, 3, ..., M. M is the number of user-defined control points.

[0132] In some embodiments, the custom control points must meet the following three conditions: (1) Ensure that the low-frequency portion of the fitted curve is smooth, and the curve smoothly transitions to 100% drive amplitude, and the frequency when reaching 100% drive amplitude is preferably above 8 Hz. (2) Pay special attention to the shape of the curve near the full-drive starting frequency position of the source, and the curve before and after the full-drive starting frequency position of the source should be as close to a straight line as possible. (3) Ensure that the full-drive starting frequency of the source appears before the bend of the fitted curve close to horizontal, and cannot be located at the bend where the curve transitions from small to large to horizontal.

[0133] In some embodiments, after executing the following step 404 based on the custom control points, a fitted curve is obtained. If the fitted curve does not meet the above three conditions, the custom control points can be modified until the curve fitted based on the modified custom control points meets the above three conditions.

[0134] 404. The computer device performs fitting on the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0135] In one possible implementation, the computer device fits the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve, including: the computer device uses a piecewise cubic spline curve fitting method to fit the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0136] For example, the computer device uses a curve fitting interpolation method such as a piecewise cubic spline curve fitting method to fit and interpolate the multiple control points in the above step 403 to obtain a custom frequency-drive curve in the frequency domain. The frequency-drive curve is expressed as:

[0137] Drv j =Drv(f j )

[0138] Among them, Drv jand Drv(f j ) is the frequency point f j The corresponding driving amplitude, f j is the frequency of the jth sampling point, and j is the sampling point number.

[0139] 405. The computer device generates a scanning signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0140] The computer device designs a scanning signal based on a frequency-driving amplitude curve, and the resulting scanning signal is a low-distortion, low-frequency scanning signal.

[0141] For example, Figure 6 A frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a frequency-driving amplitude curve are shown, wherein the solid line is the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and the dotted line is the frequency-driving amplitude curve. Figure 7 The upper left corner shows the Figure 6 The low-distortion, low-frequency sweep signal designed with the mid-frequency-drive amplitude curve. The force signal generated by the vibrator, controlled by this low-distortion, low-frequency sweep signal, is shown in the lower left corner. The harmonic distortion plot of the force signal is shown in the upper right corner, and the time-frequency spectrum of the force signal is shown in the lower right corner. The harmonic distortion plot shows that the problem of the force signal suddenly increasing in distortion in the transition zone has been resolved.

[0142] It should be noted that the aforementioned steps 401 to 405 eliminate the problem of a sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone during vibrator scanning. However, the present embodiment also addresses the problem of severe harmonic distortion in the low-frequency band of the force signal of the vibrator when the vibrator is driven for scanning, due to the common presence of dead zones within the servo valves in vibrator hydraulic control systems. The present embodiment provides steps 406 to 409 to address this problem.

[0143] It should be noted that the scanning signal designed in steps 401 to 405 can be universal, that is, multiple vibrators in a seismic acquisition project can use the same scanning signal. However, steps 406 to 409 below design a scanning signal for each vibrator.

[0144] Another point that needs to be explained is that the embodiments of the present application are only illustrative of the two problems of simultaneously solving the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition band and the problem of severe harmonic distortion of the force signal in the low frequency band. In other embodiments, only the above steps 401 to 405 can be executed to solve the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition band; and only the following steps 406 to 409 can be executed to solve the problem of severe harmonic distortion of the force signal in the low frequency band. When only the following steps 406 to 409 are executed, the scanning signal used in step 406 can be any scanning signal, rather than the scanning signal obtained in step 405.

[0145] 406. The computer device controls the controllable seismic source to fire N shots based on the scanning signal.

[0146] In some embodiments, when the computer device controls the vibrator to fire N shots based on the scanning signal, it can select a relatively flat area with no rocks on the surface within the exploration area as a test point to reduce the impact of other interference factors on the test results.

[0147] The computer device controls the vibrator to fire N shots based on the scanning information. This involves loading the scanning signal into the electrical control box of a vibrator in a seismic exploration project, moving the vibrator to a test point, and controlling the vibrator at the test point to scan using the scanning signal in the electrical control box to fire N shots, where N is any positive integer, for example, 10, 20, etc.

[0148] In some embodiments, when the computer device controls the vibrator to fire N shots, the vibrator is controlled to move 1-2 meters each time a shot is fired, and the vibrator is not allowed to fire while standing still.

[0149] 407. The computer equipment collects the acceleration of the hammer of the controllable source during the excitation process of the controllable source.

[0150] Each time the vibrator fires, the electronic control box of the vibrator collects and records data. In some embodiments, each time the vibrator fires, the electronic control box records at least the vibrator's hammer acceleration, plate acceleration, force signal, and source reference signal. In some embodiments, collecting the vibrator's hammer acceleration during the vibrator excitation process by a computer device includes: the computer device copies the vibrator's hammer acceleration from the electronic control box of the vibrator to obtain the vibrator's hammer acceleration during the vibrator excitation process.

[0151] Since the electronic control box records the weight acceleration of the vibrator each time the vibrator fires, the weight acceleration collected by the computer device in step 407 is the weight acceleration corresponding to the N shots, that is, N weight accelerations.

[0152] 408. The computer device corrects the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator to reduce the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0153] In one possible implementation, the hammer accelerations collected during the vibrator excitation process are the hammer accelerations corresponding to each of the N shots. In some embodiments, the computer device corrects the scanning signal based on the hammer accelerations of the vibrator, including: determining correction values ​​for the scanning signal based on the hammer acceleration corresponding to each shot; statistically analyzing the correction values ​​corresponding to each shot to obtain a target correction value; and correcting the scanning signal based on the target correction value.

[0154] In some embodiments, the computer device can determine a correction target based on the scanning signal and the performance parameters of the controllable source, and correct the scanning signal based on the correction target. Optionally, the computer device determines the correction value of the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot, including: determining the correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the controllable source scanning drive amplitude, the maximum source drive amplitude threshold value set in the source box of the controllable source, and first relationship data, the first relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the controllable source scanning drive amplitude, the maximum source drive amplitude threshold value set in the source box of the controllable source, and the correction target signal; determining the correction value of the scanning signal based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable source, the mass of the weight, a high-cut filter function, and second relationship data, the high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where harmonic distortion occurs, and the second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function, and the correction value of the scanning signal.

[0155] It should be noted that the harmonic distortion of the force signal in the low-frequency part is relatively serious. The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to reduce the harmonic distortion of the force signal in the low-frequency part. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application uses a high-cut filter to intercept the low-frequency part of the scanning signal.

[0156] Optionally, since the performance parameters of the controllable source are introduced when determining the correction target, the performance parameters of the controllable source need to be removed when obtaining the corrected scanning signal. The computer device corrects the scanning signal based on the target correction value, including: setting the initial value of the correction iterative signal as the correction target signal, and updating the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value; determining the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source based on the updated correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the controllable source scanning drive amplitude, the maximum source driving amplitude threshold value set in the source box of the controllable source, and third relationship data, the third relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the controllable source scanning drive amplitude, the maximum source driving amplitude threshold value set in the source box of the controllable source, and the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source; and using the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable source as the scanning signal of the controllable source.

[0157] In some embodiments, if the scan signal is not normalized, the scan signal is normalized and the obtained scan signal is expressed as: Sig i =Sig(t i ) / S max i=1,2,…,k;where Sig i Indicates the normalized scan signal at the tth i The amplitude value at the moment, Sig(t i ) represents the scan signal before normalization at the tth i Amplitude value at the moment, S max is the maximum amplitude value in the scanning signal, and k is any positive integer. If the scanning signal is normalized, the scanning signal is represented by Sig i =Sig(t i )i=1,2,…,k。

[0158] The first relation data is represented as S i =Sig i *F pk *Drv*C, where S i Indicates the correction target signal t i Amplitude value at the moment, Sig i Indicates the scanning signal of the vibrator at t i The amplitude value at the moment, F pk It represents the peak force of the vibrator, Drv represents the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, and C represents the maximum driving amplitude threshold of the vibrator set in the vibrator box.

[0159] Set the correction iteration signal to SS i =S iThe correction iteration signal is a signal for iterative correction. In this embodiment of the present application, the initial value of the correction iteration signal is set to S i .

[0160] Scan signal Sig i Perform Hilbert transform to find the time-frequency spectrum function f i =F(t i ), f i The scanning signal is at t i The frequency at the moment, F(t i ) represents the time-frequency relationship function of the scanning signal, and F(T M )=f M , find the harmonic removal cutoff frequency f M (For example, 6Hz) corresponds to the number of time sampling points M, and then the following high-cut filter function is obtained:

[0161]

[0162] N tp =H tp / SPL

[0163] MM=M+N tp

[0164] Among them, K is the total number of signal sampling points, i is the number of signal sampling cycles, Sig i Indicates the scanning signal of the vibrator at t i The amplitude value at the moment, f M is the cutoff frequency for removing low-frequency harmonics, and M is f M The corresponding number of time sampling points, T M The time corresponding to the cutoff frequency for removing low-frequency harmonics, H tp is the high-cut slope length of the high-cut filter function, SPL is the time sampling rate of the scanning signal, N tp is the total number of high-cut slope sampling points, HP i For t i The high-cut filter function value at time .

[0165] The second relational data is represented as:

[0166] dS ij =(S i -RM ij *M rm )*HP i i=1,2,…,K j=1,2,…,N

[0167] Where K is the total number of signal sampling points, N is the number of shots in the vibrator test, i is the number of signal sampling cycles, j is the shot number, S irepresents the corrected target signal t i Amplitude value at the moment, HP i For t i The high-cut filter function value at the moment, dS ij is the acceleration of the vibrator weight of the j-th shot at t i The correction value of the correction iteration signal at time RM ij The jth hammer of the vibrator is at t i Acceleration at the moment, M rm is the mass of the hammer.

[0168] The correction value corresponding to each shot is counted to obtain the target correction value, which can be achieved through the following relationship data:

[0169]

[0170] Among them, dS i To correct the iterative signal at t i Target correction value at the moment.

[0171] Correct the iterative correction signal based on the target correction value and obtain t i Low harmonic distortion signal at the moment:

[0172] SS i =SS i +dS i

[0173] LDS i =SS i / (F pk *Drv*C)

[0174] Among them, LDS i t i Low harmonic distortion signal at the moment.

[0175] In the embodiment of this application, Figure 8 shows the low-frequency part of the correction target signal (the horizontal axis is the time unit second, the vertical axis is the amplitude), Figure 9 The low-frequency part of the low harmonic distortion signal LDS obtained after the correction iterative signal is corrected is shown (the abscissa is the time unit second, and the ordinate is the amplitude). Figure 10 The force signal corresponding to the scanning signal is shown (the horizontal axis is the time unit in seconds, and the vertical axis is the amplitude). Figure 11 The force signal corresponding to the low harmonic distortion signal is shown (the horizontal axis is time in seconds, and the vertical axis is amplitude). It can be seen that after the processing of steps 406 to 408, the harmonic distortion of the force signal is suppressed.

[0176] 409. The computer repeatedly executes steps 406 to 408 until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the vibrator meets a preset condition, or until the number of repetitions reaches a target number.

[0177] The computer device loads the low harmonic distortion signal as a scanning signal into the electric control box of the controllable source, and repeats the above steps 406 to 408. If the low-frequency harmonic distortion suppression effect reaches -42dB, the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable source meets the preset conditions, and the low-frequency harmonic distortion signal is the final scanning signal of the controllable source, and the scanning signal design of the controllable source is completed. If the low-frequency harmonic distortion suppression effect cannot reach -42dB, the current low harmonic distortion signal is loaded as a scanning signal into the electric control box of the controllable source, and repeats the above steps 406 to 408. Generally, the requirement can be met by iterating the cycle 3 times. If the requirement is still not met, there may be a problem with the hydraulic system of the controllable source and it needs to be repaired.

[0178] The scanning signal generation method provided in the embodiment of the present application is for a specific controllable vibrator. The scanning signal of each controllable vibrator is different. During construction, each controllable vibrator can only load its own scanning signal. Only in this way can the low-frequency distortion of the force signal be significantly suppressed.

[0179] The scanning signal generation method provided in the embodiment of the present application takes into account that the source full drive starting frequency is located in the transition zone between the nonlinearity and linearity of the scanning signal, which is the main reason for the sudden increase in the force signal distortion in the transition zone during source scanning. By obtaining multiple second frequencies that meet the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and constraint conditions and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, a frequency-driving amplitude curve is generated, so that the position of the source full drive starting frequency is located before the transition zone, eliminating the problem of sudden increase in force signal distortion in the transition zone during controllable source scanning, greatly reducing the distortion of the force signal, and improving the accuracy of seismic data.

[0180] In addition, the embodiments of the present application also take into account the problem that due to the widespread dead zone inside the servo valve in the hydraulic control system of the controllable source, the force signal of the controllable source exhibits severe harmonic distortion in the low-frequency band when the controllable source is driven to scan. Therefore, a special low-harmonic distortion scanning signal is designed for each controllable source, and the controllable source is tested with the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal. According to the harmonic distortion removal effect, the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal of each controllable source is optimized, and then tested. The optimization process is repeated to obtain the low-harmonic distortion scanning signal of each controllable source. Each controllable source is loaded with its own low-harmonic distortion scanning signal, so that when each controllable source scans, the harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable source can be greatly suppressed.

[0181] The scanning signal generation method provided in the embodiment of the present application effectively solves the two serious distortion problems that occur in the broadband scanning of the controllable seismic source. When the scanning signal obtained in the embodiment of the present application is used for testing, the distortion of the force signal in the transition zone is reduced by 20%, and the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal can be suppressed by up to -42dB.

[0182] In some embodiments, the seismic exploration project uses 35 large-tonnage controllable vibrators AHV-380, with a VE464 electronic control cabinet, a source full drive starting frequency of 5.5 Hz, sweep parameters of 2 to 64 Hz, a sweep length of 20 seconds, and a drive amplitude of 65%. The sweep signal generation method includes the following steps:

[0183] 1) Low distortion and low frequency scanning signal design.

[0184] (1) The fixed frequency variable amplitude sweep test method is used to test the low frequency source performance of the controllable source, and the low frequency fixed frequency point and its maximum driving amplitude data pair (f i , D i ), where i = 1, 2, ..., 13, forming the control point table shown in Table 1:

[0185]

[0186] Table 1

[0187] The computer equipment uses the piecewise cubic spline curve fitting method to fit and interpolate the above data pairs to obtain the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve. The frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve can be expressed as: Dmax i =D(f i ).

[0188] (2) Customize the frequency-drive amplitude curve.

[0189] Customize the frequency-drive amplitude curve within the constraints of the frequency-drive amplitude constraint curve.

[0190] 1. Customize 7 main control points of the frequency-drive amplitude curve:

[0191] The 7 customized control points are (0, 0), (2.8, 5.4), (5.5, 30), (8.5, 59), (10.5, 85), (14.5, 100), and (64, 100).

[0192] 2. Use the segmented cubic spline curve fitting method to fit the difference of these 7 control points to obtain a custom frequency-driving amplitude curve. Figure 12As shown, the solid line is the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, the dotted line is the custom frequency-driving amplitude curve, the vertical line is the starting frequency position of the source full drive, which is located before the custom frequency-driving amplitude curve transitions to the horizontal turning point, and the asterisk is the custom control point.

[0193] (3) Based on the custom frequency-drive amplitude curve designed above, the scanning signal is designed to obtain a low-distortion low-frequency scanning signal Sig(t), as shown in Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 The upper figure shows the time-frequency spectrum of the low-distortion low-frequency scanning signal, and the lower figure shows the low-distortion low-frequency scanning signal.

[0194] 2) The low-distortion, low-frequency scanning signal designed in the above steps is used as the basic scanning signal, and on this basis, a dedicated low-frequency harmonic-free scanning signal is designed for each vibrator.

[0195] (1) Some basic signals and functions required for design.

[0196] The low-distortion, low-frequency scanning signal Sig(t) itself is already a normalized signal, so the basic scanning signal is:

[0197] Sig i =Sig(t i )i=1,2,…,40000

[0198] Correction target signal:

[0199] S i =Sig i *F pk *Drv*CF pk =356000 Newtons, Drv=65%, C=90%

[0200] Correction iterative signal:

[0201] SS i =S i

[0202] High Cut Filter:

[0203] To Sig i Perform Hilbert transform to find the time spectrum f i =F(t i )

[0204] By F(T M )=9.65, find the number of time sampling points M=20000 corresponding to the high cutoff frequency of 9.56Hz for harmonic removal, and then obtain the following high cutoff filter function, with the high cutoff slope length H tp=400 milliseconds, sampling rate SPL = 0.5 milliseconds, number of scanning signal sampling points K = 40000, use the following formula to calculate the high-cut filter function value HP i :

[0205] N tp =H tp / SPL=800

[0206] MM=M+N tp =20800

[0207]

[0208] (2) Test location selection.

[0209] In the exploration area, select a relatively flat area with no rocks on the surface as the test point.

[0210] (3) Loading the basic scanning signal in step (1) into the electric control box of the controllable source of the seismic exploration project.

[0211] (4) Test to obtain basic design data.

[0212] Use a controllable vibrator to fire blasts at the test point using a basic scanning signal, firing 5 shots. The controllable vibrator moves 1-2 meters after each shot. Each time a blast is fired, the electronic control cabinet records the weight acceleration, plate acceleration, force signal and source reference signal. These data are copied from the electronic control cabinet and used as the basic data for the next low harmonic distortion signal design.

[0213] (5) Calculate the iterative correction amount.

[0214] The basic data of the five guns were used to calculate the correction value of each gun hammer acceleration relative to the correction target signal using the following formula, where the weight mass M rm =5910 kg.

[0215] dS ij =(S i -RM ij *M rm )*HP i i=1,2,…,40000j=1,2,…,5

[0216] Take the average value to obtain the target correction value of the correction iteration signal of the controllable source:

[0217]

[0218] (6) Use the following formula to correct the correction iterative signal and get t i Low harmonic distortion signal at time t, where Drv = 65% and C = 90%:

[0219] SS i =SS i +dS i

[0220] LDS i =SS i / (F pk *Drv*C)

[0221] (7) LDS i The signal is loaded into the electrical control box of the vibrator being tested, and the low harmonic distortion signal effect test is continued at the test point.

[0222] During the test, five shots were fired, with the source moving 1-2 meters with each shot. Each time a shot was fired, the electronic control box recorded the weight acceleration, plate acceleration, force signal, and source reference signal. These data were copied from the electronic control box and used for harmonic distortion analysis. The time-varying frequency spectrum of the force signal after the first round of deharmonicization was not very good, so the five shots obtained from the test were used as the new basic data and returned to step (5), repeating the second round of iterative design and testing in steps (5), (6), and (7).

[0223] Figure 14 is a structural diagram of a scanning signal generating device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 14 As shown, the device includes:

[0224] A testing module 1401 is configured to perform a performance test on a vibrator based on a plurality of first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, where the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency represents the maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator when the vibrator is excited by a scanning signal of the first frequency.

[0225] A fitting module 1402 is configured to fit a plurality of first frequencies and a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve;

[0226] an acquisition module 1403 configured to acquire a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, wherein the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and wherein the constraint condition indicates that a full-drive starting frequency of the vibrator appears before a transition zone between a nonlinearity and a linearity of the scanning signal;

[0227] The fitting module 1402 is further configured to fit the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve;

[0228] The generating module 1404 is configured to generate a scanning signal of the vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0229] In one possible implementation, the constraint condition includes at least one of the following:

[0230] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part;

[0231] Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude;

[0232] The frequency at which the driving amplitude reaches 100% in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is above 8 Hz;

[0233] The shape of the curve before and after the full drive starting frequency of the vibrator in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is made to be approximately a straight line;

[0234] The full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the nearly horizontal inflection point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

[0235] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0236] A control module, for controlling the vibrator to fire N shots based on the scanning signal;

[0237] An acquisition module is used to acquire the acceleration of the vibrator's hammer during the vibrator's excitation process;

[0238] The correction module is used to correct the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator to reduce the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0239] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0240] The repetition module is used to repeatedly execute the steps of controlling the controllable seismic source to excite N shots based on the current scanning signal, collecting the weight acceleration of the controllable seismic source during the controllable seismic source excitation process, and correcting the current scanning information based on the weight acceleration of the controllable seismic source, until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable seismic source meets the preset conditions, or until the number of repetitions reaches the target number.

[0241] In a possible implementation, the weight accelerations collected during the vibrator excitation process are weight accelerations corresponding to the N shots respectively;

[0242] The correction module is used to determine the correction value of the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot; to collect statistics on the correction value corresponding to each shot to obtain a target correction value; and to correct the scanning signal based on the target correction value.

[0243] In one possible implementation, the correction module is used to determine the correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box of the controllable vibrator and the first relationship data, the first relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box and the correction target signal; based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable vibrator, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the second relationship data, the correction value of the scanning signal is determined, the high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where the harmonics are distorted, and the second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable vibrator, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the correction value of the scanning signal.

[0244] In one possible implementation, the correction module is used to set the initial value of the correction iterative signal as the correction target signal, and update the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value; determine the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator based on the updated correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum drive amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box of the controllable vibrator and the third relationship data, the third relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction iterative signal, the peak force of the controllable vibrator, the scanning drive amplitude of the controllable vibrator, the maximum drive amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box of the controllable vibrator and the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator; and use the low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator as the scanning signal of the controllable vibrator.

[0245] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment provides a stratum interpretation device based on uncertainty quantification, and only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to illustrate when performing stratum interpretation. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the computer device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the stratum interpretation device based on uncertainty quantification provided in the above-mentioned embodiment and the stratum interpretation method embodiment based on uncertainty quantification belong to the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0246] In some embodiments, the computer device is provided as a terminal. Figure 15 This is a block diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. The terminal 1500 includes: a processor 1501 and a memory 1502.

[0247] The processor 1501 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 1501 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 1501 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 1501 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 1501 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0248] Memory 1502 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 1502 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices and flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in memory 1502 is used to store at least one program code, which is executed by processor 1501 to implement the scanning signal generation method provided in the method embodiment of the present application.

[0249] In some embodiments, terminal 1500 may optionally include a peripheral device interface 1503 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 1501, memory 1502, and peripheral device interface 1503 may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to peripheral device interface 1503 via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. Specifically, the peripheral device may include at least one of a radio frequency circuit 1504, a display screen 1505, a camera 1506, an audio circuit 1507, a positioning component 1508, and a power supply 1509.

[0250] The peripheral device interface 1503 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output)-related peripheral device to the processor 1501 and the memory 1502. In some embodiments, the processor 1501, the memory 1502, and the peripheral device interface 1503 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 1501, the memory 1502, and the peripheral device interface 1503 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0251] The display screen 1505 is used to display a UI (User Interface). The UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. When the display screen 1505 is a touch screen display, the display screen 1505 also has the ability to collect touch signals on the surface or above the surface of the display screen 1505. The touch signal can be input as a control signal to the processor 1501 for processing. In this case, the display screen 1505 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or virtual keyboards, also known as soft buttons and / or soft keyboards. In some embodiments, there can be one display screen 1505, which is set on the front panel of the terminal 1500; in other embodiments, there can be at least two display screens 1505, which are respectively set on different surfaces of the terminal 1500 or in a folding design; in still other embodiments, the display screen 1505 can be a flexible display screen, which is set on the curved surface or folding surface of the terminal 1500. In fact, the display screen 1505 can also be set as a non-rectangular irregular shape, that is, a special-shaped screen. The display screen 1505 can be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0252] Power supply 1509 is used to power various components in terminal 1500. Power supply 1509 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 1509 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can support wired charging or wireless charging. The rechargeable battery can also be used to support fast charging technology.

[0253] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 15 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal 1500, and the terminal 1500 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

[0254] In some embodiments, the computer device is provided as a server. Figure 161 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a server provided in an embodiment of the present application. The server 1600 may vary greatly due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (Central Processing Units, CPU) 1601 and one or more memories 1602, wherein the memory 1602 stores at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor 1601 to implement the methods provided in the above-mentioned various method embodiments. Of course, the server may also have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, and an input / output interface for input and output. The server may also include other components for implementing device functions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0255] The server 1600 is used to execute the steps executed by the server in the above method embodiment.

[0256] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the scanning signal generation method as described in any of the above implementations.

[0257] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the scanning signal generation method as described in any of the above implementations.

[0258] In some embodiments, the computer program involved in the embodiments of the present application may be deployed and executed on a computer device, or on multiple computer devices located at one location, or on multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network. Multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network may constitute a blockchain system.

[0259] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A scanning signal generating method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Performing a performance test on the vibrator based on a plurality of first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, wherein the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency is used to represent a maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator when the vibrator is excited by a sweep signal of the first frequency; Fitting the multiple first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve; acquiring a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and the constraint condition is used to indicate that a full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before a transition zone between a nonlinearity and a linearity of a scanning signal; Fitting the multiple second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve; A sweep signal of the vibrator is generated based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The constraints include: Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smooth in the low-frequency part; Make the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve smoothly transition to 100% driving amplitude; The frequency at which the driving amplitude reaches 100% in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is above 8 Hz; The shape of the curve before and after the full drive starting frequency of the vibrator in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve is made to be approximately a straight line; The full drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before the nearly horizontal inflection point in the fitted frequency-driving amplitude curve.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After generating the scanning signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve, the method further includes: Based on the scanning signal, controlling the controllable vibrator to fire N shots, where N is any positive integer; collecting the weight acceleration of the vibrator during the excitation process of the vibrator; The scanning signal is corrected based on the weight acceleration of the controllable vibrator to reduce low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable vibrator.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that After correcting the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator to reduce low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the vibrator, the method further includes: Repeat the steps of controlling the controllable seismic source to excite N shots based on the current scanning signal, collecting the weight acceleration of the controllable seismic source during the excitation of the controllable seismic source, and correcting the current scanning information based on the weight acceleration of the controllable seismic source, until the low-frequency harmonic distortion of the force signal of the controllable seismic source meets the preset conditions, or until the number of repetitions reaches the target number.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The weight acceleration collected during the vibrator excitation process is the weight acceleration corresponding to each of the N shots; and the scanning signal is corrected based on the weight acceleration of the vibrator, including: Determining correction values ​​of the scanning signals based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot; The correction value corresponding to each shot is counted to obtain the target correction value; The scanning signal is corrected based on the target correction value.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of determining the correction value of the scanning signal based on the weight acceleration corresponding to each shot comprises: determining a correction target signal based on the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, a maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and first relationship data, wherein the first relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the scanning signal, the peak force of the controllable source, the scanning driving amplitude of the controllable source, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the source set in the source box of the controllable source, and the correction target signal; The correction value of the scanning signal is determined based on the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the second relationship data. The high-cut filter function is used to retain the part of the signal where the harmonics are distorted, and the second relationship data is used to represent the relationship between the correction target signal, the acceleration of the weight of the controllable seismic source, the mass of the weight, the high-cut filter function and the correction value of the scanning signal.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The correcting the scanning signal based on the target correction value includes: Setting an initial value of a correction iterative signal as a correction target signal, and updating the correction iterative signal based on the target correction value; determining a low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator based on the updated corrected iterative signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, a maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box, and third relationship data, wherein the third relationship data is used to represent a relationship between the corrected iterative signal, the peak force of the vibrator, the scanning driving amplitude of the vibrator, the maximum driving amplitude threshold value of the vibrator set in the vibrator box, and the low harmonic distortion signal of the vibrator; The low harmonic distortion signal of the controllable vibrator is used as the scanning signal of the controllable vibrator.

8. A scanning signal generating device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a testing module configured to perform a performance test on the vibrator based on a plurality of first frequencies to obtain a maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency, wherein the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to the first frequency represents a maximum driving amplitude allowed for the vibrator when the vibrator is excited by a sweep signal of the first frequency; a fitting module, configured to fit the plurality of first frequencies and the maximum driving amplitude corresponding to each first frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve; an acquisition module, configured to acquire a plurality of second frequencies and a driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency, wherein the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency satisfy the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve and a constraint condition, the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency does not exceed the driving amplitude corresponding to the second frequency in the frequency-driving amplitude constraint curve, and the constraint condition is used to indicate that a full-drive starting frequency of the controllable vibrator appears before a transition zone between a nonlinearity and a linearity of a scanning signal; The fitting module is further configured to fit the plurality of second frequencies and the driving amplitude corresponding to each second frequency to obtain a frequency-driving amplitude curve; A generating module is used to generate a scanning signal of the controllable vibrator based on the frequency-driving amplitude curve.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the scanning signal generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the scanning signal generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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